EP2454102B2 - Element de securite a effet de parallaxe - Google Patents

Element de securite a effet de parallaxe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2454102B2
EP2454102B2 EP10740387.5A EP10740387A EP2454102B2 EP 2454102 B2 EP2454102 B2 EP 2454102B2 EP 10740387 A EP10740387 A EP 10740387A EP 2454102 B2 EP2454102 B2 EP 2454102B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security
combined image
article
security element
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10740387.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2454102B1 (fr
EP2454102A1 (fr
Inventor
Rémi VINCENT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
Original Assignee
Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS filed Critical Oberthur Fiduciaire SAS
Priority to PL10740387.5T priority Critical patent/PL2454102T5/pl
Priority to SI201030740T priority patent/SI2454102T1/sl
Publication of EP2454102A1 publication Critical patent/EP2454102A1/fr
Publication of EP2454102B1 publication Critical patent/EP2454102B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/342—Moiré effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/355—Security threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/03—Forms or constructions of security seals
    • G09F3/0305—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used
    • G09F3/0341—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used having label sealing means
    • B42D2033/10—
    • B42D2035/16—
    • B42D2035/20—
    • B42D2035/36—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F2003/0276—Safety features, e.g. colour, prominent part, logo
    • G09F2003/0277—Tamper resistant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of security elements used for the authentication and/or identification of articles, documents or various objects.
  • security elements applied to the surface or introduced en masse or in window(s) in a security article, in particular a security document, or other object, for example a label, packaging, in particular for drugs, food, cosmetics, electronic parts or spare parts.
  • the security article can in particular be chosen from a means of payment, such as a banknote, a check or a restaurant ticket, an identity document such as an identity card, a visa, a passport or a driving licence, a lottery ticket, a transport ticket or even an entry ticket to events.
  • a means of payment such as a banknote, a check or a restaurant ticket
  • an identity document such as an identity card, a visa, a passport or a driving licence, a lottery ticket, a transport ticket or even an entry ticket to events.
  • US 6,286,873 teaches the possibility of observing coded images on each side of an optical system comprising a revelation screen and a combined image, located on either side of a substrate. US 6,286,873 does not disclose a security article.
  • US 2007/0279697 discloses a security element comprising an optical system making it possible to produce a moiré effect.
  • DE 10 2006 061905 discloses a security element according to the preamble of claim 1 with a transparent substrate, a plurality of nested coded images and a revelation frame superimposed on the coded images, the coded images being observable from two opposite sides of the substrate.
  • DE 10 2006 061905 the integration in an article of such a security element and the observation of the images of the article from two opposite faces of the substrate integrated in the article.
  • security elements comprising an optical system capable of producing optical effects that can contribute to the authentication or identification of an article or object, and whose possible incorporation into an article or object such that a paper can be done relatively easily.
  • the invention relates, according to a first of its aspects, to a security article, in particular a security document, according to claim 1.
  • the combined image may include at least two nested coded images.
  • it comprises at least three nested coded images in order to accentuate the visual effect of animation during successive observations of the coded images by changing the direction of observation of the security element relative to the optical system.
  • the revelation of the coded images can be done by parallax effect.
  • the invention offers new possibilities for authenticating and/or identifying an article or object bearing the security element, for example a security document.
  • the user can, by varying the inclination of the optical system, cause a succession of images to appear, which makes it possible to create an animation effect for example.
  • the revelation frame can allow the human eye to visualize a different coded image at a time, the observer's brain being able to reconstitute for example a movement or observe hidden information.
  • the various images that the observer can see are other than images resulting from a phenomenon of spatial interference between two superimposed gratings, in other words a moiré effect.
  • a phenomenon of spatial interference between two superimposed gratings in other words a moiré effect.
  • Such an effect can result from a shifted orientation of the superimposed gratings by a specific non-zero angle and can disappear when the gratings are exactly superimposed or are shifted by an angle different from the specific angle.
  • the invention preferably seeks to avoid such an effect.
  • the passage of the observation from one coded image to another when the angle of observation varies can be carried out without progressive transition.
  • the security element can provide anti-photocopying security.
  • the fineness of the exposure screen and/or of the combined image in particular less than 200 ⁇ m, can prevent reproduction by photocopying and also provide protection against the use of scanners.
  • the resolution of the combined image and/or of the exposure screen can be directly linked to the thickness of the substrate.
  • the resolution of the exposure frame is greater than or equal to 800 dpi, preferably greater than 2000 dpi and more preferably greater than 3000 dpi.
  • the resolution of the combined image can be greater than or equal to 800 dpi, preferably greater than 2000 dpi and more preferably greater than 3000 dpi.
  • the revelation frame as such has a homogeneous appearance to the naked eye, given its fineness.
  • the revelation screen may appear to the naked eye as having a uniform appearance, in particular a color.
  • the combined image may as such have a homogeneous appearance to the naked eye, given its fineness.
  • Authentication and/or identification of the item is done either by observing the front or back side of the security item.
  • the exposure frame and the combined image being present respectively on either side of the substrate, the coded images can be observed in reflection on the front side, which coincides for example with the side of the exposure frame, but also on the reverse side.
  • the security element is integrated into a security document, for example in windows, it may be advantageous to make both the front and back sides of the security element observable.
  • the security element can appear in a window of a security article.
  • the window can be formed by a lack of material, for example the local absence of paper, above or below the security element, the window being at least partially transparent or translucent on the side of the security element opposed to lack of material.
  • a lack of material for example the local absence of paper, above or below the security element
  • the window being at least partially transparent or translucent on the side of the security element opposed to lack of material.
  • the window may still not have a lack of material.
  • the window can for example be at least partially transparent or translucent on either side of the security element, the transparent or translucent zones being superimposed on one another so as to be able to observe the two opposite sides of the security element. security element.
  • the window can still be through.
  • the window may have material gaps superimposed on either side of the security element.
  • the two sides of the security element can thus be observed directly and not through transparent or translucent zones.
  • the security element can be incorporated totally in the window or partially.
  • the article may also have a plurality of windows as described below.
  • the windows may or may not all be of the same type.
  • the article may comprise a security element whose opposite sides are visible at the level of the windows, through transparent or translucent zones or directly by the presence of lacks of material.
  • windows are made in security documents are, for example, described in UK 1,552,853 which discloses the creation of a window in particular by transparentization, laser cutting, abrasion or mechanical incision, EP 0 229 645 which describes the creation using masks of a window on one side or on both sides of a bijet paper, WO 2004/096482 which describes the creation of a window by laser cutting, Turnover 2,471,379 which describes the creation of a transparent window and association with a security element and WO 2008/006983 which describes the creation of a transparent window on a bijet paper.
  • the security article can in particular be a security document comprising paper fibers.
  • the invention can in particular make it possible to secure security articles, in particular security documents, including paper fibers, such as banknotes or passports, with security elements having a relatively small thickness.
  • security articles in particular security documents, including paper fibers, such as banknotes or passports
  • security elements having a relatively small thickness.
  • the coded images can represent information hidden and successively revealed by changing the viewing angle of the optical system.
  • the security element can be configured to allow observation of the succession of several images when the direction of observation changes, which is also called “animation effect”.
  • animation is to be understood in the broad sense. It can be several images of the same object, representing different angles of view, in order to provide a 3D or relief effect, rather than a movement effect.
  • the combined image can correspond to the decomposition of the movement of a motif, for example of a text, of alphanumeric signs, of ideograms, of an object, a person and/or an animal.
  • the coded images (also called more simply imbricated images) can represent successive stages of the movement of a pattern, for example of an object, of a person and/or of an animal.
  • the revelation frame may have an outline of any shape, for example circular, oval, star-shaped, polygonal, for example rectangular, square, hexagonal, pentagonal or diamond-shaped, among others.
  • the contour of the revelation frame can for example represent a text, an alphanumeric sign, an ideogram, an object, a person and/or an animal.
  • the combined image and/or the revelation screen can be carried on the substrate by a printing process, for example offset, intaglio, laser, photogravure or screen printing.
  • the combined image and/or the revelation screen can be printed with colored or non-coloured inks, visible to the naked eye, under ultraviolet (UV) and/or infrared (IR) light, opaque or luminescent, in particular fluorescent, thermochromic, photochromic, with an interference effect, in particular iridescent, or with an optically variable effect depending on the angle of observation (gonochromatic), in particular comprising liquid crystals, metallic or not, magnetic or not, among others.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • IR infrared
  • the drawn pattern can constitute a magnetic signature allowing additional authentication of the substrate by detection of said signature.
  • the combined image and/or the exposure screen can also comprise metallizations and/or demetallizations, for example in aluminum.
  • Metallizations and/or demetallizations can be used in order to avoid counterfeiting by printing.
  • Metallizations and/or demetallizations can also be used when the security element is incorporated into a security article, in particular when the security element is of the security thread type.
  • the combined image and/or the revelation frame can also be printed with liquid crystals, so that the coded images are for example only visible through a polarizer.
  • the optical system can be carried by a patch and/or a foil.
  • the patch and/or the foil can comprise metallizations and/or demetallizations, for example in aluminum, or all types of printing.
  • the optical system can also be carried by a security thread, incorporated on the surface, in the mass or in window(s) in the security article.
  • the width of the security thread is for example between 3 and 20 mm, being for example equal to approximately 4 mm.
  • the substrate of the optical system may comprise or be constituted by a thermoplastic material, for example a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC ), polyester carbonate (PEC), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), acrylonitryl butadiene styrene (ABS) or a light-collecting film, for example of the "waveguide” type, for example a luminescent film based of polycarbonate marketed by the company BAYER under the name LISA® .
  • a polyolefin for example polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC ), polyester carbonate (PEC), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), acrylonitryl butadiene styrene (ABS) or a light-collecting film, for example of the "wave
  • the substrate may comprise cellulosic fibers and in particular paper.
  • the substrate can be a sufficiently translucent paper to reveal the coded images, in particular a tracing paper.
  • the substrate can also be transparentized by applying a generally greasy composition which transparentizes it permanently, for example a composition made of oil and transparent mineral material, as described in the patent US 2,021,141 , or for example a composition in the form of a wax combined with a solvent, as described in the patent US 1,479,437 .
  • a generally greasy composition which transparentizes it permanently, for example a composition made of oil and transparent mineral material, as described in the patent US 2,021,141 , or for example a composition in the form of a wax combined with a solvent, as described in the patent US 1,479,437 .
  • the substrate a fibrous layer comprising a thermofusible material, for example polyethylene, as described in the patent EP 0 203 499 , which under the local action of heat will see its transparency vary.
  • a thermofusible material for example polyethylene
  • the revelation screen and/or the combined image can each be produced with at least two superimposed colors, so that the back side of the coded images are observed in a first color and the front side in a second color.
  • the revelation screen and/or the combined image can be monochromatic or polychromatic.
  • at least one coded image of the combined image can be monochromatic or polychromatic.
  • the nested coded images can still be produced at least in part with thermochromic and/or photochromic inks. In this way, only part of the coded images can for example be observable under predefined lighting and/or temperature conditions.
  • the combined image and/or the revelation screen can be produced with different colors. In this way, it may be possible to obtain a colored animation effect when observing the coded images.
  • this copier uses cyan, magenta and yellow screens.
  • Such a resolution corresponds to a combined image for which the width of a line of an encoded image is 63 ⁇ m or more. Increasing the resolution of the frame and of the combined image and/or the use of color can thus make it possible to increase the level of security of the security element.
  • all the nested coded images of the combined image can have the same color and the revelation frame a different color.
  • the nested coded images of the combined image may have different colors and the revelation frame a color different from those of the nested coded images or similar to the color of at least one of the nested coded images.
  • the revelation frame and/or the combined image may or may not be opaque.
  • the revelation frame and/or the combined image can be at least partially translucent or transparent, and for example colored or absorbing at a given wavelength, in UV or IR.
  • the security element may also comprise two disclosure frames associated respectively with two combined images, the orientation of the bands of one of the disclosure frames being different from that of the other disclosure frame.
  • the bands are non-straight, their orientation is defined by the general direction in which they extend.
  • the security element can comprise two disclosure frames, juxtaposed or not, superimposed or not, comprising bands having different orientations or not.
  • One of the revelation frames can be totally or partially surrounded by the other revelation frame.
  • the possible zone of superposition of the exposure frames can cause a grid shape to appear when the bands of the exposure frames have different orientations.
  • the thickness of the substrate is between 10 and 100 ⁇ m, being for example between 30 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
  • the period of the exposure frame is less than or equal to the thickness of the substrate.
  • the period of the combined image is preferably less than or equal to the thickness of the substrate.
  • a security element with a resolution of the combined image and/or of the exposure frame greater than or equal to 800 dpi, as well as with a thickness of the substrate and a relationship between the period of the exposure frame and/or combined image and thickness of the substrate as above can make it possible to obtain an animation visible to the naked eye, despite the fineness of the frame and of the combined image, and reinforce the security of the device vis-à-vis photocopies and copies thereof.
  • the number of nested coded images is for example between 2 and 15, in particular between 2 and 5, being preferably greater than or equal to 3.
  • the distance between two constituent elements of the same coded image can be between 2 ⁇ m and 1 mm, in particular between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm, being preferably substantially equal to the period of the exposure frame.
  • the width of a constituent element of a coded image is preferably less than or equal to 500 ⁇ m, better still 100 ⁇ m.
  • the width of an opacifying strip of the exposure screen is preferably less than or equal to the thickness of the substrate, in particular 1 mm.
  • the revelation screen may include opacifying bands with parallel edges, possibly not rectilinear.
  • the presence of opacifying bands with non-straight edges can make it more difficult for a counterfeiter to reproduce the optical system.
  • the revealing screen can be printed or produced otherwise, in particular by metallization or demetallization, as indicated above.
  • the security element may also comprise a revelation frame comprising at least a first fluorescent zone capable of emitting by fluorescence, under a predefined lighting condition, visible light of a first color, and a combined image comprising at least a second fluorescent zone capable of emitting by fluorescence, under the predefined lighting condition, visible light of a second color, different from the first, at least one of the first and second fluorescent zones, in particular both, being at least partially opaque, at least in the predefined lighting condition, and the first and second fluorescent zones overlapping at least partially so that, in the predefined lighting condition, a light successively passing through the two fluorescent zones presents a third color different from the first and second colors.
  • the security element can use the principle described in the international application WO 2006/051231 .
  • the predefined lighting condition may in particular correspond to ultraviolet lighting, in particular of wavelength close to the visible or to infrared lighting, depending on the fluorescent compounds used. At least one of the first and second fluorescent zones, in particular both, can be substantially colorless in white light.
  • the security element may comprise a plurality of optical systems associated with different observation directions.
  • the security element may comprise an alternation of optical systems associated with two respective perpendicular directions, in particular optical systems whose respective exposure frames have perpendicular orientations.
  • the security element may be totally or partially covered with a material that is invisible in “normal” illumination, that is to say when illuminated by daylight or an artificial light source.
  • This material invisible under normal illumination is for example a material visible under specific illumination, in particular a luminescent material, for example a fluorescent or phosphorescent material visible under UV or IR illumination.
  • the material may comprise nematic liquid crystals visible on a reflecting background (the frame and/or the image and/or the background then being reflective) with a polarizing filter, in particular circular.
  • Total or partial coverage of the security element by such an invisible material in "normal" illumination can form additional security in the form of a pattern, for example a word, acronym, code, symbol, image, alphanumeric character or ideogram.
  • said material invisible in “normal” illumination does not cover the security element but is placed between the frame and the image, being then partially observable but sufficiently.
  • a second level security element is defined below.
  • the security article may comprise a security element comprising a plurality of optical systems associated with different directions of observation, part of the optical systems being such that the associated coded images are observable only from a first side of the security element and another part of the optical systems being such that the associated coded images are only observable from a second side of the security element, opposite the first.
  • the coded images associated with the optical systems can be observed from both sides of the security element.
  • Observing the coded images can be further facilitated and improved by choosing a background on which the security element is placed or on which the security element or the security article comprising it is placed.
  • the background can be arranged alternately on either side of the security element so that the nested images and/or the disclosure frame can be observed both from the first side of the article and from the second side of the article.
  • the security element can thus comprise the background, the latter being located such that the revelation frame is between the background and the substrate, or that the combined image is between the substrate and the background.
  • the bottom can still be independent of the security element.
  • the user can place the security element or the security article close to, better in contact with, the background, the latter being colored or not.
  • the bottom can be constituted by any substrate, preferably being flattened, for example a sheet of paper or cardboard.
  • the background can be arranged so that the user can observe the side of the security element comprising the disclosure frame or the side comprising the combined image.
  • Observation in the presence of the background can allow the appearance of a contrast effect between the background, the combined image and the revelation frame.
  • the contrast effect can in particular be improved when using a combined image, an exposure screen and a background of different colors.
  • the background may comprise at least one luminescent element, for example fluorescent and/or phosphorescent.
  • the effect can be observed under predefined lighting, for example UV or IR.
  • the bottom may further comprise a layer of metal.
  • the contrast effect can also be obtained without the presence of the background, in particular by the simple fact of the use of a light source when the security element is observed in transvision from the side of the combined image or from the side of the plot of revelation.
  • the light source can play the same role as a colored background and allow the appearance of a contrast effect by the combination of the different colors of the light source, of the combined image and of the frame of revelation.
  • the combined image and the revelation screen can have the same color, and the background can be of a different color, being in particular more contrasting.
  • the security article may also comprise a perforation in which the security element is placed at least partially, the latter corresponding for example to the juxtaposition of two sub-elements, in particular in the form of foils or patches, respectively comprising a weft of revelation and the corresponding combined image.
  • the sub-elements can at least partially cover the edges of the perforation, with or without thickness compensation.
  • the security article may also comprise a revelation frame or a combined image produced in the form of impressions and a sub-element, in particular in the form of a foil or patch, at least partially covering the impressions formed, the sub-element comprising the combined image or corresponding revelation frame.
  • the prints of the combined image can for example be made on the surface of the security article.
  • the or each sub-element may comprise a transparent or translucent substrate.
  • each sub-element in particular the patch or the foil, can be incorporated into the security article by gluing or by incorporation into the fibrous substrate of the article during its manufacture.
  • the optical system may comprise at least two combined images and a single frame making it possible, during a change in the angle of observation, to successively observe the overlapping images of the two combined images.
  • the two images combined can be arranged so that a relative movement from one combined image to another is perceived by a user when changing the direction of observation of the security element relative to the optical system.
  • the substrate may comprise at least two distinct layers and the optical system may comprise at least two combined images, one of them being arranged facing, in particular on, an outer face of one of the layers of the substrate and the other combined image being placed between the two layers.
  • the two layers of the substrate can have the same thickness. These two layers can be transparent.
  • Each combined picture may include a plurality of nested coded pictures.
  • Each combined image may comprise the same number of coded images and/or each combined image may have the same resolution, in particular one of the resolution values mentioned above and/or the distance between two constituent elements of the same coded image of the first combined image can be equal to the distance between two constituent elements of the same coded image of the second combined image.
  • Another subject of the invention is a method for authenticating a security article according to one of claims 1-13, comprising the step consisting in observing the security article by varying the direction of observation of the system optics and to conclude on the authenticity of the article or object associated with the security article according to the images observed.
  • the observation can for example be done on the recto and verso sides of the substrate.
  • the article or object, or even the security element, in particular in the form of a security thread, patch or foil, may include one or more other security elements, as defined below.
  • security elements some are detectable with the naked eye, in daylight or in artificial light, without using a particular device.
  • These security elements comprise, for example, colored fibers or boards, printed or totally or partially metallized threads. These security elements are said to be first level.
  • security elements are detectable only using a relatively simple device, such as a lamp emitting in the ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR).
  • UV ultraviolet
  • IR infrared
  • These security elements include, for example, fibers, boards, bands, threads or particles.
  • These security elements may or may not be visible to the naked eye, being for example luminescent under illumination from a Wood lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm. These security elements are said to be of second level.
  • security elements require a more sophisticated detection device for their detection.
  • These security elements are for example capable of generating a specific signal when they are subjected, simultaneously or not, to one or more external excitation sources. The automatic detection of the signal makes it possible to authenticate, if necessary, the article.
  • These security elements comprise, for example, tracers in the form of active materials, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subjected to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation. These security elements are said to be third level.
  • the security elements present within the security article can have first, second and/or third level security characteristics.
  • an element of security 1 which can be incorporated into a security article according to the invention, which comprises a non-opaque substrate 2, for example perfectly transparent, having a first face 2a bearing a plurality of coded images I 1 , I 2 , ..., I n imbricated, the constituent elements 3 of these images appearing for example in the form of continuous or discontinuous lines, most often discontinuous.
  • the second face 2b of the substrate 2, opposite the first, carries a revelation frame 4 (also called a decomposition filter) comprising opacifying bands 5 (or lines).
  • a revelation frame 4 also called a decomposition filter
  • the revealing frame 4 is made up of a periodic pattern, in this case the opacifying band 5, of constant period p, as can be seen in the figure 2 .
  • the periodicity is observed parallel to the direction of the relative displacement X between the optical system and the observer making it possible to observe the various coded images.
  • the simplest embodiment of the exposure screen 4 is a succession of opacifying bands 5 of constant width at regular intervals, as illustrated in figure 2 .
  • the period p corresponds to the sum of the width of an opacifying strip 5 and of a transparent interval between two consecutive opacifying strips 5.
  • each of the opacifying strips 5 is oriented perpendicular to the axis of relative movement X.
  • the revealing frame 4 may include patterns other than bands of constant width with rectilinear and parallel edges, such as crenellations or undulations, as illustrated respectively in figures 6A and 6B .
  • N is the total number of coded images
  • the transparent intervals 8 of the revelation frame 4 can make it possible, if desired, to reveal a single image at a time.
  • a coded image then corresponds to the parts of the combined image present in the transparent intervals of the frame for a given viewing angle. Each coded image can be seen by shifting the observation by the width of a transparent interval 8.
  • picture 3 It has been illustrated at picture 3 an example of forming a combined image I by adding a plurality of coded images, for example four coded images I 1 to I 4 .
  • Revealing frames having a period that is a multiple of the period p of the initial frame also work, which amounts to artificially increasing the number N of coded images to the detriment of the definition of the images, as illustrated in figures 6F to 6G .
  • the period p is less than or equal to the thickness e of the substrate, as represented on the figure 1 .
  • a security thread generally has a maximum thickness of 50 ⁇ m, which corresponds to a frame with a period less than or equal to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the lines 3 making up the nested images will generally have a width less than or equal to 12.5 ⁇ m.
  • the system making it possible to form the combined image then has a minimum resolution of (2.54 x 10 -2 ) / (12.5 x 10 -6 ) that is to say 2032 points per inch (ppi or dpi ).
  • the period p of the frame is less than 100 ⁇ m and the constituent elements in the form of lines 3 composing the coded images are less than 33 ⁇ m, in the case of three images per animation.
  • a width of 12.5 ⁇ m corresponds to approximately 2000 dpi, which represents a limit for conventional printers which generally have a maximum definition of 600 dpi, or even 1200 dpi, which constitutes a safety factor, in particular anti-copy safety or anti-photocopying.
  • a substrate whose thickness e is less than or equal to 30 ⁇ m, better still 25 ⁇ m, for example between 20 and 30 ⁇ m, or even 20 and 25 ⁇ m, limits included or excluded.
  • a sufficiently fine revelation frame makes it possible to provide anti-photocopying security and the existence of several coded images having details to be viewed according to different viewing directions also creates protection against the use of scanners.
  • a sufficiently fine revelation frame appears with a homogeneous appearance, for example gray when using black opacifying bands.
  • the animation can be preserved, comprising coded images of a scale greater than one millimeter, which contrast with the homogeneous aspect of the frame.
  • the nested images are successively visible when loading the observation angle.
  • the print definition is sufficiently precise for the mixture of colors to appear homogeneous.
  • FIG. 13A represents the observation of the security document 10 after photocopying
  • the Figure 13B represents the observation of document 10 before photocopying.
  • the invention provides anti-photocopy security. high.
  • the revelation screen is fine enough to provide a homogeneous coloring effect during observation, contrary to what is observed on the Figure 13B which is greatly enlarged.
  • the optical system can operate in transmitted or reflected light, it can be used for windows or wires introduced in windows, for example in a banknote.
  • the combined image I and/or the exposure screen 4 can be formed by printing, demetallization, laser marking, lithography or any other technique making it possible to fix or reveal an image.
  • liquid crystal inks can be used, for example to print the combined image I.
  • the animation, to be revealed, can then require in addition to the decomposition frame, the use of a filter polarizer, which may or may not be present on the document or substrate.
  • the combined image I can be obtained by micro-photolithography of the thread and the reveal screen 4 can be produced using offset printing UV performed in a second step, when printing the document.
  • the revelation frame 4 can be associated, if necessary, with a print design of the document.
  • the pattern of the exposure screen 4 can be printed elsewhere than superimposed with the combined image I, on the document, on the same scale or on a different scale.
  • the printing of the disclosure frame 4 can overflow from the security element 1 and extend over the security document 10, as illustrated in figure 10 .
  • a first color for the exposure screen 4 and one or more other colors for the combined image I, for example as many different colors as there are coded images.
  • This double coloring can be carried out by demetallization or photolithography, for example.
  • the revealing frame 4 comprises superimposed opacifying bands 5a and 5b respectively of a first color C 1 and of a second color C 2 , the opacifying bands 5a of color C 1 being external.
  • the elements 3 of the combined image I are printed respectively with the two colors C 1 and C 2 superimposed, the elements of color C 2 being exteriors.
  • the color superposition order can be the same on each side of the substrate 2.
  • One possibility for varying the direction of observation of the optical system can be to deform the substrate, for example around a bending axis, as illustrated in figure 8 .
  • optical systems having for example the shape of small squares or rectangles with sides of a few millimeters, can be present on the same security thread 20, as illustrated in figure 9 And 11 .
  • the document 10 may comprise at least two windows 31 and 32 allowing each of the faces of the wire to be observed respectively, in reflection.
  • the substrate of the document may comprise, at the level of the windows 31 and 32, lacks of material and transparent zones 35 and 36 allowing observation of the coded images on both sides of the security document.
  • the coded images are observable through the revelation frame 4 on the sides of the window 31 and with the revelation frame as background, on the side of the window 32.
  • the document 10 can also include a through window 31, as shown in the figure 12D , the security element 1 being located at least partially in this through window. In this way, it is possible to observe the coded images both on the front side and on the back side of the security document 10.
  • the security element 1 in the form of a security thread can also be incorporated into a security document 10 which has alternating windows 31 and 32 on the recto side and on the verso side, as illustrated in the figure 12C . It is thus possible to observe the coded images both on the front side and on the back side of the security document 10 at the level of the windows 31 and 32, and in particular due to the presence of lacks of material and of the transparent zones 35 and 36.
  • the observation of the security element 1 can be done through the use of a background 30 on which the article comprising the security element 1 would be placed.
  • the face 2b of the security element 1 comprising the revelation frame 4 can be in contact with the bottom 30, as illustrated in the figure 14 .
  • the face 2a of the security element 1 comprising the combined image I can be in contact with the background 30, as illustrated in the figure 15 .
  • the exposure frame 4 is black in color
  • the combined image I is red in color
  • the background 30 is green in color.
  • the user can thus observe a revelation frame 4 of black color and a spiral of red color in contrast with the black color of the revelation frame and the green color of the background.
  • the user can thus observe a revelation frame appearing as a mixture of red and black, the red color of the coded images being able to be formed by pixels, and a spiral of red color in contrast with the green color of the background and the mixture of black and red colors of the revelation frame.
  • the contrast effect obtained can also result from the simple observation in transvision of the security element 1 close to a light source 31, for example sunlight, as illustrated in the figure 16 .
  • this embodiment illustrates the possibility of producing a revelation frame 4 and a combined image I such that the coded images can be observed in the two main directions of inclination of the security element 1, in particular in the direction of width and length.
  • the revelation frame 4 can thus result from the superposition of two frames 4a and 4b having bands extending along perpendicular axes, as can be seen in the figure 17 .
  • the combined image I can result from the superposition of combined images Ia and Ib which correspond respectively to the combined images associated with the frames 4a and 4b.
  • the animation effect obtained can thus be observed in at least two directions of inclination of the security element 1.
  • a security article 10 comprising a perforation 40 in which are placed at least partially two sub-elements, in particular in the form of foils or patches, 41 and 42 to form a security element 1 according to the invention.
  • the sub-element 41 comprises for example a revelation screen 4 and the sub-element 42 comprises for example the corresponding combined image I.
  • the sub-elements 41 and 42 can be superimposed at least partially on the edges of the perforation 40 with or without thickness compensation.
  • Sub-elements 41 and 42 can be at least partially transparent or translucent.
  • the observation of the coded images can be done by observation in reflection or in see-through, for example using a light source located behind the article during observation.
  • the security article 10 comprises a combined image I produced in the form of prints.
  • the prints are for example made on the surface of the security article 10.
  • a sub-element, in particular in the form of a foil or patch, 43 is placed on the prints constituting the combined image I, the sub-element 43 comprising the corresponding revelation frame 4, for example produced on the surface of the sub-element 43.
  • the security article 10 may or may not be opaque.
  • the security article 10 can be at least partially transparent or translucent to allow observation of the coded images, in particular on the side of the combined image I.
  • a security element 1 differs from that of the figure 1 in that it comprises two layers of non-opaque substrate 2, for example perfectly transparent, and two combined images I and I'.
  • the two substrate layers here have the same thickness, for example 25 ⁇ m.
  • the first combined image I is placed opposite the face 2b of the security element and represents for example a pattern such as a cloud.
  • the second combined image I' is placed between the two layers of substrate 2 and represents, in the example considered, a pattern such as a horse.
  • the period p of the exposure screen is in the example considered equal to the thickness of a layer of substrate, that is to say 25 ⁇ m.
  • the nested images I i and I' i respectively forming the first and the second combined image are in the example of the figure 20 arranged in the same way so that during a change of angle of observation from the face 2a of the security element, the pattern represented by the second combined image I' will move twice as slowly as the pattern represented by the first combined image 1 given that twice as many imbricated images I' i as imbricated images I i will have been visualized by the eye.
  • This example makes it possible to demonstrate the possibility with the invention of obtaining a movement effect between the patterns represented on the nested images.
  • Such an effect which can also be described as a “depth effect”, is for example similar to that provided by the “differential scrolling” of the first video games.
  • the example of the figure 20 can be obtained by assembly, in particular by bonding, of the different layers of substrate 2.
  • the example of figure 20 is obtained from a laser-markable monolayer substrate in which at least the combined image I is formed in the substrate by exposure to laser radiation.
  • the combined image I' and/or the exposure frame are in particular printed or marked by laser irradiation.
  • the use of the laser makes it possible to mark said laser-markable substrate at the desired depth, and also to mark said substrate at at least two different depths (thicknesses), for example to form in a monolayer substrate at least two of the elements among the frame of revelation and the combined images.
  • the invention is not limited to the examples illustrated.
  • the security element can be implemented with other first, second or third level securities, for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
EP10740387.5A 2009-07-17 2010-07-19 Element de securite a effet de parallaxe Active EP2454102B2 (fr)

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PL10740387.5T PL2454102T5 (pl) 2009-07-17 2010-07-19 Element zabezpieczający z efektem paralaksy
SI201030740T SI2454102T1 (sl) 2009-07-17 2010-07-19 Varnostni element s paralaksnim učinkom

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FR0955003A FR2948218B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Element de securite a effet de parallaxe
PCT/IB2010/053286 WO2011007344A1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2010-07-19 Element de securite a effet de parallaxe

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EP (1) EP2454102B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR112012000899B1 (pt)
CA (1) CA2768203C (pt)
ES (1) ES2499466T5 (pt)
FR (1) FR2948218B1 (pt)
HK (1) HK1171207A1 (pt)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2454102B1 (fr) 2014-06-25
CA2768203C (fr) 2018-08-07
CA2768203A1 (fr) 2011-01-20
BR112012000899B1 (pt) 2019-12-17
ES2499466T5 (es) 2023-06-14
FR2948218A1 (fr) 2011-01-21
HK1171207A1 (en) 2013-03-22
PL2454102T3 (pl) 2014-11-28
BR112012000899A2 (pt) 2016-11-16
US20120174447A1 (en) 2012-07-12
ES2499466T3 (es) 2014-09-29
SI2454102T1 (sl) 2014-10-30
FR2948218B1 (fr) 2011-11-11
WO2011007344A1 (fr) 2011-01-20
EP2454102A1 (fr) 2012-05-23
PL2454102T5 (pl) 2024-02-05

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