EP2449238A1 - Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine

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Publication number
EP2449238A1
EP2449238A1 EP10720183A EP10720183A EP2449238A1 EP 2449238 A1 EP2449238 A1 EP 2449238A1 EP 10720183 A EP10720183 A EP 10720183A EP 10720183 A EP10720183 A EP 10720183A EP 2449238 A1 EP2449238 A1 EP 2449238A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
time
injection valve
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10720183A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2449238B1 (en
Inventor
Helerson Kemmer
Holger Rapp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2449238A1 publication Critical patent/EP2449238A1/en
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Publication of EP2449238B1 publication Critical patent/EP2449238B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a computer program, an electrical storage medium and a control and / or regulating device.
  • Object of the present invention is to develop a method of the type mentioned, which further optimizes the fuel injection via the injectors. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Further solutions are specified in the independent claims that relate to a computer program, an electrical storage medium and a control and / or regulating device. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in subclaims. In addition, important features for the invention can be found in the following description and in the drawings. These features may be important for the invention both alone and in different combinations, without being explicitly referred to again.
  • an opening delay time of the injection valve is determined.
  • individual, differing inaccuracies of the valve elements, a valve seat and possibly also a magnet armature are taken into account, which lead to the opening delay time being subject to tolerances.
  • Actuator actuated injectors are not important to the process of the invention, i. the valve elements can both be firmly connected to the armature, or they can have a magnetic armature, which has a certain axial play with respect to the valve element.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the idea of determining that actuation duration at which a stroke movement of the valve element is no longer or just not possible and the valve thus remains closed. Thus, there is no valve opening time and no closing time.
  • the formula then reduces purely mathematically in:
  • Opening delay time activation duration (2) This means that for this case, the thus determined activation duration corresponds to the opening delay time, which can be regarded as constant irrespective of the actual activation duration during the driving operation in the simplest case.
  • the closing of the injection valve can be easily determined by various known methods, for example by means of sensors and / or by analysis of electrical or electromagnetic parameters. Some of these are already implemented to control and regulate the injectors. This therefore does not represent an additional cost factor.
  • the inventive method is particularly effective when the drive time is successively reduced until a closing of the injection valve just can not be determined, or the drive time is successively increased until a closing of the injection valve can be determined, and that the opening delay time for the Injection valve is determined from the time from the start of control until the last time or first closing.
  • a greater temporal jump can be carried out in the vicinity of the critical point and then approach the critical activation duration in small steps, in which the lifting and closing movement of the valve element is just recognized again is currently not recognized. It can be taken into account that with a minimal opening of the valve element, the closing can not be diagnosed and thus the diagnosed actuation time deviates from an exact value.
  • the determined value of the activation duration can be determined empirically
  • Adjustment values for example, from a test or test field, be corrected accordingly. It is also conceivable to approach the critical activation duration from both sides and then to form the exact critical activation time from both values determined according to a predetermined algorithm (for example by forming an average value).
  • the electrical operating variable is a time derivative (gradient) of a voltage of a magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator, and that is concluded from a minimum of the gradient on a closing of the injection valve.
  • the decaying electrical voltage of the electromagnetic actuator is influenced by a change in the mutual induction caused by the movement change of the valve element, so that a saddle-like voltage curve occurs, in which the point of inflection corresponds to the point of attachment of the valve element.
  • the time derivative (gradient) of the voltage curve is advantageous because the saddle-like course is transformed into an easily diagnosed minimum.
  • the first occurring minimum is to be considered after the end of the activation time, since, for example, further minima can be generated later by bouncing the valve element or the armature.
  • the implementation of the derivation of the voltage curve is possible in the control and / or regulating device easily and at low cost.
  • the method is repeated (for example, in each case after a certain operating time or a certain number of operating cycles)
  • the method can be carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine with multiple injections, in which case the change in the activation duration is carried out only in a single injection and compensated by changes in the control period of at least one other individual injection substantially torque and / or exhaust gas neutral. This means that the method does not disturb the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the method may also be performed in a coasting operation of the engine with a late firing angle.
  • This has the advantage that, for example, a fuel pressure can be freely varied as needed for a determination of the pressure dependence of the opening delay time.
  • the injection time can be increased gradually from the safe non-opening state of the injection valve until the first opening.
  • an impairment on the exhaust gas is mi nimal. If the activation is assigned a later firing angle, the combustion of the injected fuel takes place substantially neutral in terms of torque. This measure also serves to ensure that normal operation of the internal combustion engine is not hindered by the method.
  • Opening delay time for all injectors of an internal combustion engine is determined - reduced, which saves fuel and causes a homogenization of the operation of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, it is proposed that the method be carried out for different fuel pressures and that a characteristic map be formed from the results of the method. This can then be used for example for a controlled or controlled operation of the fuel injection valves.
  • an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with several
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an injection valve of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows two diagrams in which, on the one hand, a drive current of the injection valve from FIG. 2 and, on the other hand, its effect on a stroke of the injection valve are plotted over time;
  • FIG. 4 shows three diagrams in which the drive current, the stroke and the derivative of the coil voltage are plotted over time (during normal operation of the internal combustion engine);
  • FIG. 5 shows three diagrams similar to FIG. 3, but with a control reduced in comparison to FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 shows three diagrams similar to FIG. 4, but with an activation shortened again compared to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method for operating the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1.
  • an internal combustion engine bears the reference numeral 10 as a whole. It comprises a tank 12, from which a delivery system 14 delivers fuel into a common rail 16. To this several injectors 18a to 18d are connected, which inject the fuel directly into them associated combustion chambers 20a to 2Od. The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled or regulated by a control and regulating device 22 which, among other things, also controls the injection valves 18a to 18d.
  • the injection valve 18a is shown in greater detail by way of example. It comprises an electromagnetic actuator 24, which in turn comprises an electromagnetic coil 26 and a magnet armature 30 on a valve needle 28.
  • the armature 30 is firmly connected to the valve needle 28. It is also possible that between magnet armature 30 and valve needle
  • the injection valve 18a operates in principle as follows:
  • the injection valve 18a is shown in FIG. 2 in a closed state, ie the valve needle 28 bears against a valve seat 32.
  • an electrical voltage (“drive voltage”) is applied to an actuation of the magnet armature 30 via the control of the control and regulating device 22 and an output stage, which energizes the coil 26 and the valve needle 28 with appropriate strength and duration lifted from the valve seat 32.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of such an activation of the injection valve 18a (as an exemplary example) and the effect on an opening time of the injection valve 18 over time.
  • FIG. 3 consists of two diagrams, the upper diagram showing the time profile of a drive current I and the lower diagram showing the stroke H of the injection valve 18a caused thereby.
  • the course of the drive current I in the upper diagram shows an initially rapid increase (see reference numeral 40), which is then kept constant over a certain period of time, in order then to drop by about half (see reference numeral 42). This current level is held until the end of the control period t.
  • the end of the drive duration t is characterized in that the current I is switched off (see reference numeral 44).
  • the valve needle 28 of the injection valve 18a lifts off after the beginning of the activation only after a certain opening delay time tu (compare reference number 46). If the valve needle 28 has reached its maximum stroke, a lesser drive current I is sufficient to maintain this level.
  • valve needle 28 If the drive current I is switched off, the valve needle 28 returns to the valve seat 32, but also with a delay (see reference numeral 48). The period of time from the switching off of the drive current I until complete closure is defined as the closing time t from the valve needle 28. The entire valve opening duration is identified by T op . Purely mathematically, then:
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show three scenarios when the injection valve 18 is actuated at activation times t,. Each figure shows three diagrams. The upper diagram shows in each case the course of the drive current I, the middle diagram shows the course of the valve lift H and the lower diagram shows the course of a temporally first derivative ("time gradient") of the coil voltage after termination of the control decaying voltage UM at the magnetic coil 26
  • Figure 4 shows a scenario as it takes place, for example, in a normal operation.
  • opening delay time tu can be determined by the principle of a successive shortening of the activation duration.
  • Opening delay time tu allows the control and regulation of the single-point valves 18a to 18d and thereby to refine the entire injection process.
  • the starting point is a normal driving operation with the control duration t 1 (reference numeral 100) predetermined by the control and regulating device 22.
  • the control unit 22 checks in step 1 10 whether the external conditions of the internal combustion engine 10 allow a shortening of the drive time t, for at least one injection valve 18, without the driving operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is impaired. This would be, for example, given in a push operation. If this is possible, the activation period t 1 is reduced in step 120 for the selected injection valve 18. At the same time, the first derivative of the voltage curve U M for the associated magnetic coil 26 is formed.
  • step 130 If a minimum 50 is detected in the course of the first derivation (reference numeral 130), the actuation period t is further reduced (jump to step 120). If a minimum is no longer recognized, the critical actuation time t is reached. In this case, in step 140, the opening delay time tu is calculated from the difference between the drive start and drive end. If necessary, correction factors can also be incorporated. In step 150, the measured injection valve 18 in the control and
  • Control device characterized in that at the next measurement cycle, another injection valve 18 can be selected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (10), wherein fuel reaches at least one combustion chamber (20) by means of at least one injection valve (18) comprising an electro-magnetic actuating device (24). By varying the control period of the injection valve (18) and analyzing a course of an electric operating variable of the injection valve (18) characterizing a movement of a valve element (28) of the injection valve (18), the opening delay time of the injection valve (18) is determined.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM BETREIBEN EINER BRENNKRAFTMASCHINE Stand der Technik  METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Prior art
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Gegenstand der Erfindung sind ferner ein Computerprogramm, ein elektrisches Speichermedium sowie eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung. The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a computer program, an electrical storage medium and a control and / or regulating device.
Vom Markt her sind beispielsweise Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, bei denen Benzin von Einspritzventilen direkt in jeweilige Brennräume eingespritzt wird. Solche Einspritzventile verfügen über eine Ventilnadel, die bspw. von einer elekt- romagnetischen Betätigungseinrichtung betätigt wird. Um eine optimale Einspritzmenge an Kraftstoff in einer genauen Menge zu berechnen, sind unterschiedliche Verfahren bekannt, bei denen u.a. Ansteuerinformationen für die Einspritzventile, wie z.B. Ansteuerbeginn, Ansteuerdauer und/oder Ansteuerende ermittelt werden. Je genauer diese Informationen zur Verfügung stehen, desto genauer kann eine Zumessung von der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung gesteuert werden, wobei dazu auch Verzugszeiten beim Öffnen und Schließen der Ventilnadel zu berücksichtigen sind. From the market, for example, internal combustion engines are known in which gasoline from injectors is injected directly into respective combustion chambers. Such injection valves have a valve needle which is actuated, for example, by an electromagnetic actuator. In order to calculate an optimum injection amount of fuel in a precise amount, various methods are known in which i.a. Control information for the injection valves, such as. Ansteuerbeginn, Ansteuerdauer and / or Ansteuerende be determined. The more precisely this information is available, the more accurate a metering can be controlled by the control and / or regulating device, with delay times also being taken into account when opening and closing the valve needle.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art weiterzuentwickeln, welches die Kraftstoffeinspritzung über die Einspritzventile weiter optimiert. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere Lösungen sind in den nebengeordneten Patentansprüchen angegeben, die ein Computerprogramm, ein elektrisches Speichermedium sowie eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung betreffen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben. Darüber hinaus finden sich für die Erfindung wichtige Merkmale in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und in den Zeichnungen. Diese Merkmale können dabei sowohl in Alleinstellung als auch in unterschiedlichen Kombinationen für die Erfindung wichtig sein, ohne dass hierauf nochmals explizit hingewiesen wird. Object of the present invention is to develop a method of the type mentioned, which further optimizes the fuel injection via the injectors. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Further solutions are specified in the independent claims that relate to a computer program, an electrical storage medium and a control and / or regulating device. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in subclaims. In addition, important features for the invention can be found in the following description and in the drawings. These features may be important for the invention both alone and in different combinations, without being explicitly referred to again.
Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Öffnungsverzugszeit des Einspritzventils ermittelt. Dabei werden individuelle, voneinander abweichende Ungenauigkeiten der Ventilelemente, eines Ventilsitzes und auch eventuell eines Magnetankers berücksichtigt, welche dazu führen, dass die Öffnungsverzugszeit toleranzbehaftet ist. Der grundsätzliche Aufbau der von der elektromagnetischenWith the aid of the method according to the invention, an opening delay time of the injection valve is determined. In this case, individual, differing inaccuracies of the valve elements, a valve seat and possibly also a magnet armature are taken into account, which lead to the opening delay time being subject to tolerances. The basic structure of the electromagnetic
Betätigungseinrichtung betätigten Einspritzventile ist für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nicht von Bedeutung, d.h. die Ventilelemente können sowohl fest mit dem Magnetanker verbunden sein, oder sie können einen Magnetanker aufweisen, der gegenüber dem Ventilelement ein gewisses axiales Spiel aufweist. Actuator actuated injectors are not important to the process of the invention, i. the valve elements can both be firmly connected to the armature, or they can have a magnetic armature, which has a certain axial play with respect to the valve element.
Eine Ventilöffnungsdauer setzt sich aus einer Ansteuerdauer, abzüglich der Öffnungsverzugszeit, und (nach dem Beenden der Ansteuerdauer) einer Schließzeit zusammen. Es gilt also rein mathematisch: Ventilöffnungsdauer = Ansteuerdauer - Öffnungsverzugszeit + Schließzeit (1 ) A valve opening duration is composed of a drive duration, less the opening delay time, and (after the completion of the drive time) a closing time. It therefore applies purely mathematically: valve opening duration = driving duration - opening delay time + closing time (1)
Dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren liegt die Idee zu Grunde, jene Ansteuerdauer zu ermitteln, bei der eine Hubbewegung des Ventilelements gerade nicht mehr oder gerade noch nicht möglich ist und das Ventil dadurch geschlossen bleibt. Damit gibt es keine Ventilöffnungsdauer und keine Schließzeit. Durch Umstellen der o.g. Formel für diesen Fall reduziert sich die Formel dann rein mathematisch in: The method according to the invention is based on the idea of determining that actuation duration at which a stroke movement of the valve element is no longer or just not possible and the valve thus remains closed. Thus, there is no valve opening time and no closing time. By changing the o.g. Formula for this case, the formula then reduces purely mathematically in:
Öffnungsverzugszeit = Ansteuerdauer (2) Das bedeutet, dass für diesen Fall die so ermittelte Ansteuerdauer der Öffnungsverzugszeit entspricht, die unabhängig von der tatsächlichen Ansteuerdauer während des Fahrbetriebs im einfachsten Fall als konstant angesehen werden kann. Opening delay time = activation duration (2) This means that for this case, the thus determined activation duration corresponds to the opening delay time, which can be regarded as constant irrespective of the actual activation duration during the driving operation in the simplest case.
Das Schließen des Einspritzventils kann durch unterschiedliche bekannte Verfahren, bspw. mit Hilfe von Sensoren und/oder durch Analyse von elektrischen oder elektromagnetischen Parametern leicht ermittelt werden. Einige davon sind zur Steuerung und Regelung der Einspritzventile ohnehin implementiert. Dies stellt somit keinen zusätzlichen Kostenfaktor dar. The closing of the injection valve can be easily determined by various known methods, for example by means of sensors and / or by analysis of electrical or electromagnetic parameters. Some of these are already implemented to control and regulate the injectors. This therefore does not represent an additional cost factor.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders wirkungsvoll, wenn die Ansteuerdauer sukzessive so reduziert wird, bis ein Schließen des Einspritzventils gerade nicht mehr festgestellt werden kann, oder die Ansteuerdauer sukzessive so erhöht wird, bis ein Schließen des Einspritzventils festgestellt werden kann, und dass die Öffnungsverzugszeit für das Einspritzventil aus der Zeit vom Ansteuerbeginn bis zum letztmaligen bzw. erstmaligen Schließen ermittelt wird. Zur Verringerung der Ermittlungszeit kann dabei in einem ersten Schritt des Verfahrens ein größerer zeitlicher Sprung in die Nähe des kritischen Punkts durchgeführt werden und sich anschließend in kleinen Schritten der kritischen Ansteuer- dauer nähern, bei dem die Hub- und Schließbewegung des Ventilelements gerade wieder erkannt bzw. gerade nicht erkannt wird. Es kann dabei berücksichtigt werden, dass bei einem minimalen Öffnen des Ventilelements das Schließen nicht diagnostiziert werden kann und damit die diagnostizierte Ansteuerdauer von einem genauen Wert abweicht. Dazu kann bspw. in der Steuer- und/oder Re- geleinrichtung der ermittelte Wert der Ansteuerdauer durch empirisch gefundeneThe inventive method is particularly effective when the drive time is successively reduced until a closing of the injection valve just can not be determined, or the drive time is successively increased until a closing of the injection valve can be determined, and that the opening delay time for the Injection valve is determined from the time from the start of control until the last time or first closing. In order to reduce the determination time, in a first step of the method, a greater temporal jump can be carried out in the vicinity of the critical point and then approach the critical activation duration in small steps, in which the lifting and closing movement of the valve element is just recognized again is currently not recognized. It can be taken into account that with a minimal opening of the valve element, the closing can not be diagnosed and thus the diagnosed actuation time deviates from an exact value. For this purpose, for example, in the control and / or regulating device, the determined value of the activation duration can be determined empirically
Anpassungswerte, bspw. aus einem Prüf- oder Testfeld, entsprechend korrigiert werden. Denkbar ist auch, sich von beiden Seiten der kritischen Ansteuerdauer zu nähern und anschließend aus beiden ermittelten Werten nach einem vorgegebenen Algorithmus (bspw. durch Bildung eines Mittelwertes) die genaue kriti- sehe Ansteuerzeit zu bilden. Adjustment values, for example, from a test or test field, be corrected accordingly. It is also conceivable to approach the critical activation duration from both sides and then to form the exact critical activation time from both values determined according to a predetermined algorithm (for example by forming an average value).
Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist vorgesehen, dass die elektrische Betriebsgröße eine zeitliche Ableitung (Gradient) einer Spannung einer Magnetspule der elektromagnetischen Betätigungseinrichtung ist, und dass aus einem Minimum des Gradienten auf ein Schließen des Einspritzventils geschlossen wird. Durch das Aufsetzen des Ventilelements in einen Ventilsitz des Einspritzventils wird die abklingende elektrischen Spannung der elektromagnetischen Betätigungseinrichtung durch eine von der Bewegungsänderung des Ventilelements verursachte Änderung der Gegeninduktion beeinflusst, so dass es zu einem sattelähnlichen Spannungsverlauf kommt, bei dem der Wendepunkt des Verlaufs dem Aufsetz- punkt des Ventilelements entspricht. Zum zuverlässigen Erkennen des Aufsetzen des Ventilelements ist die zeitliche Ableitung (Gradient) des Spannungsverlauf vorteilhaft, da der sattelähnliche Verlauf dabei in ein leicht zu diagnostizierendes Minimum transformiert wird. Dabei ist nach Beendigung der Ansteuerzeit lediglich das erste auftretende Minimum zu betrachten, da bspw. durch Prellen des Ven- tilelements oder des Ankers später weitere Minima erzeugt werden können. Alternativ oder zusätzlich möglich ist das Erkennen des Aufsetzens des Ventilelements bei einer zweiten Ableitung der Funktion, die beim Schließen des Ventilelements eine Nullstelle aufweist. Das Implementieren der Ableitung des Spannungsverlaufs ist in der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung leicht und zu geringen Kosten möglich. In the method according to the invention it is provided that the electrical operating variable is a time derivative (gradient) of a voltage of a magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator, and that is concluded from a minimum of the gradient on a closing of the injection valve. By placing the valve element in a valve seat of the injector is the The decaying electrical voltage of the electromagnetic actuator is influenced by a change in the mutual induction caused by the movement change of the valve element, so that a saddle-like voltage curve occurs, in which the point of inflection corresponds to the point of attachment of the valve element. For reliable detection of the placement of the valve element, the time derivative (gradient) of the voltage curve is advantageous because the saddle-like course is transformed into an easily diagnosed minimum. In this case, only the first occurring minimum is to be considered after the end of the activation time, since, for example, further minima can be generated later by bouncing the valve element or the armature. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to detect the placement of the valve element in a second derivative of the function, which has a zero point when closing the valve element. The implementation of the derivation of the voltage curve is possible in the control and / or regulating device easily and at low cost.
Um jederzeit zuverlässige Werte über den Öffnungszeitverzug zu erhalten, und um eine Drift bzw. ein verschleißbedingtes Altern des Einspritzventils zu erkennen, wird das Verfahren wiederholt (beispielsweise jeweils nach einer bestimm- ten Betriebszeit oder einer bestimmten Anzahl von Betriebszyklen) während desIn order to obtain reliable values about the opening time delay at all times, and to detect a drift or aging of the injection valve as a result of wear, the method is repeated (for example, in each case after a certain operating time or a certain number of operating cycles)
Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt. Operation of the internal combustion engine performed.
Vorteilhaft ist auch, dass das Verfahren während eines Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine mit Mehrfacheinspritzungen durchgeführt werden kann, wobei dann die Veränderung der Ansteuerdauer lediglich bei einer Einzeleinspritzung durchgeführt und durch Veränderungen der Ansteuerdauer mindestens einer anderen Einzeleinspritzung im Wesentlichen drehmoment- und/oder abgasneutral kompensiert wird. Das bedeutet, dass das Verfahren den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine nicht stört. It is also advantageous that the method can be carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine with multiple injections, in which case the change in the activation duration is carried out only in a single injection and compensated by changes in the control period of at least one other individual injection substantially torque and / or exhaust gas neutral. This means that the method does not disturb the operation of the internal combustion engine.
Das Verfahren kann außerdem in einem Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine mit einem späten Zündwinkel durchgeführt werden. Das hat den Vorteil, dass bspw. ein Kraftstoffdruck nach Bedarf für eine Bestimmung der Druckabhängigkeit der Öffnungsverzugszeit frei variiert werden kann. Die Einspritzzeit kann da- bei vom sicher nicht öffnenden Zustand des Einspritzventils bis zum ersten Offnen allmählich erhöht werden. Somit ist eine Beeinträchtigung auf das Abgas mi- nimal. Wird der Ansteuerung ein später Zündwinkel zugeordnet, erfolgt die Verbrennung des eingespritzten Kraftstoffs im Wesentlichen drehmomentneutral. Auch diese Maßnahme dient dazu, dass der Normalbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine durch das Verfahren nicht behindert wird. The method may also be performed in a coasting operation of the engine with a late firing angle. This has the advantage that, for example, a fuel pressure can be freely varied as needed for a determination of the pressure dependence of the opening delay time. The injection time can be increased gradually from the safe non-opening state of the injection valve until the first opening. Thus, an impairment on the exhaust gas is mi nimal. If the activation is assigned a later firing angle, the combustion of the injected fuel takes place substantially neutral in terms of torque. This measure also serves to ensure that normal operation of the internal combustion engine is not hindered by the method.
Die Kenntnis der genauen Öffnungsverzugzeit gestattet es, diese bei einer Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Einspritzventils zu berücksichtigen. Hierdurch kann die Kraftstoffzumessung und die gesamte Steuer- und/oder Regelung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung weiter verfeinert werden (vgl. dazu Formel (1 )). Die Streu- ung der Einspritzmenge von einem Einspritzventil zum anderen wird - wenn dieThe knowledge of the exact opening delay time makes it possible to take this into account in a control and / or regulation of the injection valve. As a result, the fuel metering and the overall control and / or regulation of the fuel injection can be further refined (cf formula (1)). The scattering of the injection quantity from one injection valve to the other is - if the
Öffnungsverzugszeit für alle Einspritzventile einer Brennkraftmaschine ermittelt wird - reduziert, was Kraftstoff spart und eine Vergleichmäßigung des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine bewirkt. Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Verfahren für unterschiedliche Kraftstoffdrücke durchgeführt und aus den Verfahrensergebnissen ein Kennfeld gebildet wird. Diese kann dann beispielsweise für einen geregelten bzw. gesteuerten Betrieb der Kraftstoff-Einspritzventile verwendet werden. Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Opening delay time for all injectors of an internal combustion engine is determined - reduced, which saves fuel and causes a homogenization of the operation of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, it is proposed that the method be carried out for different fuel pressures and that a characteristic map be formed from the results of the method. This can then be used for example for a controlled or controlled operation of the fuel injection valves. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mehrerenFigure 1 is a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with several
Einspritzventilen; Injectors;
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Einspritzventils aus Figur 1 ; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an injection valve of Figure 1;
Figur 3 zwei Diagramme, in denen einerseits ein Ansteuerstrom des Einspritzventils aus Figur 2 und andererseits deren Auswirkung auf einen Hub des Einspritzventils über der Zeit aufgetragen ist; FIG. 3 shows two diagrams in which, on the one hand, a drive current of the injection valve from FIG. 2 and, on the other hand, its effect on a stroke of the injection valve are plotted over time;
Figur 4 drei Diagramme, in denen der Ansteuerstrom, der Hub und die Ableitung der Spulenspannung über der Zeit aufgetragen sind (während eines Normalbetriebs der Brennkraftmaschine); Figur 5 drei Diagramme ähnlich zu Figur 3, aber mit einer gegenüber Figur 3 verkürzten Ansteuerung; Figure 4 shows three diagrams in which the drive current, the stroke and the derivative of the coil voltage are plotted over time (during normal operation of the internal combustion engine); FIG. 5 shows three diagrams similar to FIG. 3, but with a control reduced in comparison to FIG. 3;
Figur 6 drei Diagramme ähnlich zu Figur 4, aber mit einer gegenüber Figur 4 nochmals verkürzten Ansteuerung; und FIG. 6 shows three diagrams similar to FIG. 4, but with an activation shortened again compared to FIG. 4; and
Figur 7 ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Betreiben der Brennkraftmaschine von Figur 1. FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method for operating the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1.
Detaillierte Beschreibung Detailed description
Eine Brennkraftmaschine trägt in Figur 1 insgesamt das Bezugszeichen 10. Sie umfasst einen Tank 12, aus dem ein Fördersystem 14 Kraftstoff in ein Common- Rail 16 fördert. An dieses sind mehrere Einspritzventile 18a bis 18d angeschlossen, die den Kraftstoff direkt in ihnen zugeordnete Brennräume 20a bis 2Od einspritzen. Der Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 10 wird von einer Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 22 gesteuert beziehungsweise geregelt, die unter anderem auch die Einspritzventile 18a bis 18d ansteuert. In FIG. 1, an internal combustion engine bears the reference numeral 10 as a whole. It comprises a tank 12, from which a delivery system 14 delivers fuel into a common rail 16. To this several injectors 18a to 18d are connected, which inject the fuel directly into them associated combustion chambers 20a to 2Od. The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled or regulated by a control and regulating device 22 which, among other things, also controls the injection valves 18a to 18d.
In Figur 2 ist exemplarisch das Einspritzventil 18a stärker im Detail dargestellt. Es umfasst eine elektromagnetische Betätigungseinrichtung 24, die wiederum eine elektromagnetische Spule 26 und einen auf einer Ventilnadel 28 Magnetanker 30 umfasst. Der Magnetanker 30 ist vorliegend fest mit der Ventilnadel 28 ver- bunden. Möglich ist aber auch, dass zwischen Magnetanker 30 und VentilnadelIn Figure 2, the injection valve 18a is shown in greater detail by way of example. It comprises an electromagnetic actuator 24, which in turn comprises an electromagnetic coil 26 and a magnet armature 30 on a valve needle 28. In the present case, the armature 30 is firmly connected to the valve needle 28. It is also possible that between magnet armature 30 and valve needle
28 ein gewisses axiales Spiel vorliegt. 28 there is a certain axial play.
Das Einspritzventil 18a arbeitet grundsätzlich folgendermaßen: Das Einspritzventil 18a ist in Figur 2 in einem geschlossenen Zustand dargestellt, d.h. die Ventil- nadel 28 liegt an einem Ventilsitz 32 an. An der elektromagnetischen Spule 26 wird zu einer Betätigung des Magnetankers 30 über die Steuerung der Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 22 und eine nicht dargestellte Endstufe eine elektrische Spannung ("Ansteuerspannung") angelegt, die die Spule 26 bestromt und bei entsprechender Stärke und Dauer die Ventilnadel 28 aus dem Ventilsitz 32 an- hebt. Figur 3 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung einer solchen Ansteuerung des Einspritzventils 18a (als exemplarisches Beispiel) und die Auswirkung auf eine Öffnungszeit des Einspritzventils 18 über die Zeit. Die Figur 3 besteht aus zwei Diagrammen, wobei das obere Diagramm den zeitlichen Verlauf eines Ansteuerstroms I und das untere Diagramm den dadurch bewirkten Hub H des Einspritzventils 18a zeigt. The injection valve 18a operates in principle as follows: The injection valve 18a is shown in FIG. 2 in a closed state, ie the valve needle 28 bears against a valve seat 32. At the electromagnetic coil 26, an electrical voltage ("drive voltage") is applied to an actuation of the magnet armature 30 via the control of the control and regulating device 22 and an output stage, which energizes the coil 26 and the valve needle 28 with appropriate strength and duration lifted from the valve seat 32. FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of such an activation of the injection valve 18a (as an exemplary example) and the effect on an opening time of the injection valve 18 over time. FIG. 3 consists of two diagrams, the upper diagram showing the time profile of a drive current I and the lower diagram showing the stroke H of the injection valve 18a caused thereby.
Der Verlauf des Ansteuerstroms I im oberen Diagramm zeigt einen zunächst raschen Anstieg (vgl. Bezugszeichen 40), die dann über einen gewissen Zeitraum konstant gehalten wird, um dann etwa um die Hälfte abzusinken (vgl. Bezugszeichen 42). Dieses Stromniveau wird bis zum Ende der Ansteuerdauer t, gehalten. Das Ende der Ansteuerdauer t, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Strom I abgeschaltet wird (vgl. Bezugszeichen 44). Im unteren Diagramm ist zu erkennen, dass die Ventilnadel 28 des Einspritzventils 18a nach dem Beginn der Ansteuerung erst nach einer gewissen Öffnungsverzugszeit tu abhebt (vgl. Bezugszeichen 46). Hat die Ventilnadel 28 ihren Maximalhub erreicht, genügt zum Halten dieses Niveaus ein geringerer Ansteuerstrom I. Wird der Ansteuerstrom I abgeschaltet, senkt sich die Ventilnadel 28 wieder in den Ventilsitz 32, jedoch ebenfalls mit einer Verzögerung (vgl. Bezugszeichen 48). Die Zeitspanne vom Abschalten des Ansteuerstroms I bis zum vollständigen Schließen ist definiert als die Schließzeit tab der Ventilnadel 28. Die gesamte Ventilöffnungsdauer ist mit Top gekennzeichnet. Rein mathematisch gilt also: The course of the drive current I in the upper diagram shows an initially rapid increase (see reference numeral 40), which is then kept constant over a certain period of time, in order then to drop by about half (see reference numeral 42). This current level is held until the end of the control period t. The end of the drive duration t is characterized in that the current I is switched off (see reference numeral 44). In the lower diagram it can be seen that the valve needle 28 of the injection valve 18a lifts off after the beginning of the activation only after a certain opening delay time tu (compare reference number 46). If the valve needle 28 has reached its maximum stroke, a lesser drive current I is sufficient to maintain this level. If the drive current I is switched off, the valve needle 28 returns to the valve seat 32, but also with a delay (see reference numeral 48). The period of time from the switching off of the drive current I until complete closure is defined as the closing time t from the valve needle 28. The entire valve opening duration is identified by T op . Purely mathematically, then:
Top = t, - tu + tab T op = t, - tu + t from
Die Figuren 4 bis 6 zeigen drei Szenarien beim Betätigen des Einspritzventils 18 bei verschieden langen Ansteuerdauern t,. Jede Figur zeigt drei Diagramme. Das obere Diagramm zeigt jeweils den Verlauf des Ansteuerstroms I, das mittlere Diagramm zeigt den Verlauf des Ventilhubs H und das untere Diagramm zeigt den Verlauf einer zeitlichen ersten Ableitung ("zeitlicher Gradient") der Spulenspannung nach Beendigung der Ansteuerung abklingenden Spannung UM an der Magnetspule 26. Figur 4 zeigt ein Szenario, wie es bspw. in einem Normalbetrieb stattfindet. DerFIGS. 4 to 6 show three scenarios when the injection valve 18 is actuated at activation times t,. Each figure shows three diagrams. The upper diagram shows in each case the course of the drive current I, the middle diagram shows the course of the valve lift H and the lower diagram shows the course of a temporally first derivative ("time gradient") of the coil voltage after termination of the control decaying voltage UM at the magnetic coil 26 Figure 4 shows a scenario as it takes place, for example, in a normal operation. Of the
Ansteuerstrom I und der Hub H der Ventilnadel 28 entsprechen dem bekannten, oben beschriebenen Ablauf. Aus dem unteren Diagramm ist ersichtlich, dass der Verlauf der ersten Ableitung der Spannung UM ein Minimum 50 aufweist, das den Zeitpunkt des Aufsetzens der Ventilnadel 28 in den Ventilsitz 32 kennzeichnet. Das Minimum 50 ist bedingt durch eine Änderung des Spannungsverlaufs an der Magnetspule 26, der zum Zeitpunkt des Aufsetzens der Ventilnadel 28 einen sattelähnlichen Verlauf aufweist. Das kommt durch die Bewegungsänderung beim Aufsetzen der Ventilnadel 28 und die damit zusammenhängende Änderung der Gegeninduktion in der Magnetspule 26. Figur 5 zeigt ein Szenario mit einer etwas verkürzten Ansteuerdauer t,. Durch dieDrive current I and the stroke H of the valve needle 28 correspond to the known, procedure described above. It can be seen from the lower diagram that the course of the first derivative of the voltage U M has a minimum 50 which marks the time at which the valve needle 28 is placed in the valve seat 32. The minimum 50 is due to a change in the voltage curve at the magnetic coil 26, which has a saddle-like course at the time of placement of the valve needle 28. This is due to the change in movement when placing the valve needle 28 and the associated change in the mutual induction in the magnetic coil 26. Figure 5 shows a scenario with a slightly shortened driving time t,. By the
Kürze der Ansteuerdauer t, wird der Maximalhub der Ventilnadel 28 nicht mehr erreicht. Dadurch ist auch die Ventilöffnungsdauer Top verkürzt. Durch das Aufsetzen der Ventilnadel 26 in den Ventilsitz 32 weist der Verlauf der ersten Ableitung der Spannung UM wiederum das Minimum 50 auf. Short of the activation time t, the maximum stroke of the valve needle 28 is no longer reached. As a result, the valve opening duration T op is shortened. By placing the valve needle 26 in the valve seat 32, the course of the first derivative of the voltage U M again has the minimum 50.
In Figur 6 ist die Ansteuerdauer t, weiter verkürzt, und zwar derart, dass die Ventilnadel 26 nicht mehr aus dem Ventilsitz 32 abheben kann. Dadurch weist der Verlauf der ersten Ableitung der Spannung UM kein Minimum auf. Die Ventilöffnungsdauer TOp und die Schließzeit tab sind nicht vorhanden, also mathematisch gesehen = 0. In Figure 6, the driving time t, further shortened, in such a way that the valve needle 26 can no longer lift out of the valve seat 32. As a result, the course of the first derivative of the voltage UM has no minimum. The valve opening duration T Op and the closing time t ab are not present, ie mathematically = 0.
Setzt man in die o.g. Formel zur Definition der Ventilöffnungsdauer Top die beiden Nullwerte ein, so ergibt sich für den Fall, dass die Ansteuerdauer t, so kurz ist, dass die Ventilnadel 28 gerade nicht mehr abgehoben hat, nach einer Umstel- lung der Formel: If the two zero values are used in the abovementioned formula for the definition of the valve opening duration T op , then, in the event that the actuation duration t is so short that the valve needle 28 has just not lifted off, after a conversion of the formula :
Ansteuerdauer t, = Öffnungsverzugszeit tu Activation time t, = opening delay time tu
Das bedeutet, dass durch das Prinzip einer sukzessiven Verkürzung der Ansteu- erdauer die Öffnungsverzugszeit tu bestimmbar ist. Eine genaue Kenntnis derThis means that the opening delay time tu can be determined by the principle of a successive shortening of the activation duration. An exact knowledge of
Öffnungsverzugszeit tu ermöglicht die Steuerung und Regelung der Einspitzventile 18a bis 18d und hierdurch das gesamte Einspritzverfahren zu verfeinern. Opening delay time tu allows the control and regulation of the single-point valves 18a to 18d and thereby to refine the entire injection process.
Ein mögliches Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Öffnungsverzugszeit tu ist in Figur 7 dargestellt: Ausgangspunkt ist ein normaler Fahrbetrieb mit der durch die Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 22 vorgegebene Ansteuerdauer t, (Bezugszeichen 100). Danach überprüft die Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung 22 in Schritt 1 10, ob die äußeren Bedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine 10 eine Verkürzung der Ansteuerdauer t, für zumindest ein Einspritzventil 18 zulassen, ohne dass der Fahrbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 10 beeinträchtigt wird. Dies wäre bspw. in einem Schubbetrieb gegeben. Ist dies möglich, wird für das ausgewählte Einspritzventil 18 in Schritt 120 die Ansteuerdauer t, reduziert. Gleichzeitig wird die erste Ableitung des Spannungsverlaufs UM für die zugeordnete Magnetspule 26 gebildet. Wird ein Minimum 50 im Verlauf der ersten Ableitung erkannt (Bezugszeichen 130), wird die Ansteuerdauer t, weiter reduziert (Sprung nach Schritt 120). Ist ein Minimum nicht mehr erkannt, ist die kritische Ansteuerdauer t, erreicht. In diesem Fall wird in Schritt 140 die Öffnungsverzugszeit tu aus der Differenz aus Ansteuerbeginn und Ansteuerende berechnet. Eventuell können noch Korrekturfaktoren mit ein- fließen. In Schritt 150 wird das vermessene Einspritzventil 18 in der Steuer- undOne possible method for determining the opening delay time tu is shown in FIG. 7: The starting point is a normal driving operation with the control duration t 1 (reference numeral 100) predetermined by the control and regulating device 22. Thereafter, the control unit 22 checks in step 1 10 whether the external conditions of the internal combustion engine 10 allow a shortening of the drive time t, for at least one injection valve 18, without the driving operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is impaired. This would be, for example, given in a push operation. If this is possible, the activation period t 1 is reduced in step 120 for the selected injection valve 18. At the same time, the first derivative of the voltage curve U M for the associated magnetic coil 26 is formed. If a minimum 50 is detected in the course of the first derivation (reference numeral 130), the actuation period t is further reduced (jump to step 120). If a minimum is no longer recognized, the critical actuation time t is reached. In this case, in step 140, the opening delay time tu is calculated from the difference between the drive start and drive end. If necessary, correction factors can also be incorporated. In step 150, the measured injection valve 18 in the control and
Regeleinrichtung gekennzeichnet, damit beim nächsten Messzyklus ein anderes Einspritzventil 18 ausgewählt werden kann. Control device characterized in that at the next measurement cycle, another injection valve 18 can be selected.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine (10), bei dem Kraftstoff mittels mindestens eines eine elektromagnetische Betätigungseinrichtung (24) umfassenden Einspritzventils (18) in mindestens einen Brennraum (20) gelangt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine ein Schließen eines Ventilelements (28) des Einspritzventils (18) charakterisierende elektrische Betriebsgröße des Einspritzventils (18) für unterschiedliche Ansteuerdauern des Einspritzventils (18) analysiert und hieraus eine Öffnungsverzugszeit des Einspritzventils (18) ermittelt wird. Anspruch [en] A method for operating an internal combustion engine (10), in which fuel reaches at least one combustion chamber (20) by means of at least one injection valve (18), characterized in that a closing of a valve element (28) of the Injector (18) characterizing electrical operating variable of the injector (18) for different driving periods of the injector (18) analyzed and from this an opening delay time of the injector (18) is determined.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ansteuerdauer ermittelt wird, bei der ein Schließen des Ventilelements (28) gerade noch oder gerade erst detektiert werden kann. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the activation duration is determined, in which a closing of the valve element (28) can barely or just be detected.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ansteuerdauer sukzessive so reduziert wird, bis ein Schließen des Einspritzventils (18) gerade nicht mehr festgestellt werden kann, oder die Ansteuerdauer sukzessive so erhöht wird, bis ein Schließen des Einspritzventils (18) festgestellt werden kann, und dass die Öffnungsverzugszeit für das Einspritzventil (18) aus der Zeit vom Ansteuerbeginn bis zum letztmaligen bzw. erstmaligen3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive time is successively reduced until a closing of the injection valve (18) just can not be determined, or the drive time is successively increased until a closing of the injection valve (18) detected can be, and that the opening delay time for the injection valve (18) from the time of the actuation start to the last time or first time
Schließen ermittelt wird. Closing is determined.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Betriebsgröße ein zeitlicher Gradient einer Spannung einer Spule (26) der elektromagnetischen Betätigungseinrichtung4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical operating variable is a temporal gradient of a voltage of a coil (26) of the electromagnetic actuator
(24) ist, und dass aus einem Minimum des Gradienten auf ein Schließen des Einspritzventils (18) geschlossen wird. (24), and that closing of the injection valve (18) is inferred from a minimum of the gradient.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass das Verfahren wiederholt während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine (10) durchgeführt wird. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method is carried out repeatedly during operation of the internal combustion engine (10).
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es während eines Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine (10) mit Mehrfacheinspritzungen durchgeführt wird, wobei die Veränderung der Ansteuerdauer bei einer Ein- zeleinspritzung durchgeführt und durch Veränderungen der Ansteuerdauer mindestens einer anderen Einzeleinspritzung im Wesentlichen drehmoment- und/oder abgasneutral kompensiert wird. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that it is carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine (10) with multiple injections, wherein the change in the control duration performed in a single injection and by changing the control period of at least one other single injection substantially torque and / or is compensated for with zero emissions.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es in einem Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine (10) mit einem späten Zündwinkel durchgeführt wird. 7. The method according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that it is carried out in a coasting operation of the internal combustion engine (10) with a late ignition angle.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungsverzugszeit gleich der Ansteuerdauer beim letzt- malig bzw. erstmalig festgestellten Bewegen des Ventilelements (28) gesetzt wird. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening delay time is set equal to the drive time at the last time or first detected movement of the valve element (28).
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ermittelte Öffnungsverzugszeit bei einer Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Einspritzventils (18) berücksichtigt wird. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the determined opening delay time in a control and / or regulation of the injection valve (18) is taken into account.
10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Brennkraftmaschine (10) mit mehreren Einspritzventilen (18) der Öffnungsverzug für alle Einspritzventile (18) ermittelt wird. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in an internal combustion engine (10) with a plurality of injection valves (18) of the opening delay for all injectors (18) is determined.
1 1 . Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es für unterschiedliche Kraftstoffdrücke durchgeführt und aus den Verfahrensergebnissen ein Kennfeld gebildet wird. 1 1. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is carried out for different fuel pressures and from the results of the process a map is formed.
12. Computerprogramm, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zur Anwendung in einem Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche programmiert ist. 12. Computer program, characterized in that it is programmed for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims.
13. Elektrisches Speichermedium für eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung (22) einer Brennkraftmaschine (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf ihm ein Computerprogramm zur Anwendung in einem Verfahren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 abgespeichert ist. 13. Electrical storage medium for a control and / or regulating device (22) of an internal combustion engine (10), characterized in that on it a computer program for use in a method of claims 1 to 10 is stored.
14. Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung (22) für eine Brennkraftmaschine (10) , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zur Anwendung in einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 programmiert ist. 14. Control and / or regulating device (22) for an internal combustion engine (10), characterized in that it is programmed for use in a method according to one of claims 1 to 10.
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CN102472187B (en) 2014-11-12
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EP2449238B1 (en) 2017-04-26
JP2012531561A (en) 2012-12-10
CN102472187A (en) 2012-05-23
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DE102009027311A1 (en) 2011-01-05
WO2011000650A1 (en) 2011-01-06

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