EP2447479B1 - Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Trägerflüssigkeit eines solaren Kraftwerks sowie solares Kraftwerk - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Trägerflüssigkeit eines solaren Kraftwerks sowie solares Kraftwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2447479B1
EP2447479B1 EP10188875.8A EP10188875A EP2447479B1 EP 2447479 B1 EP2447479 B1 EP 2447479B1 EP 10188875 A EP10188875 A EP 10188875A EP 2447479 B1 EP2447479 B1 EP 2447479B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
fluid
power plant
carrier fluid
underground
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10188875.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2447479A1 (de
Inventor
Erik Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PT101888758T priority Critical patent/PT2447479T/pt
Priority to EP10188875.8A priority patent/EP2447479B1/de
Priority to ES10188875.8T priority patent/ES2603985T3/es
Priority to US13/271,295 priority patent/US20120099974A1/en
Priority to AU2011239217A priority patent/AU2011239217A1/en
Priority to CA2755748A priority patent/CA2755748A1/en
Priority to NZ595944A priority patent/NZ595944A/xx
Priority to JP2011235209A priority patent/JP6021313B2/ja
Priority to KR1020110110143A priority patent/KR20120043660A/ko
Priority to CN201110417910.6A priority patent/CN102536353B/zh
Publication of EP2447479A1 publication Critical patent/EP2447479A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2447479B1 publication Critical patent/EP2447479B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/02—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid remaining in the liquid phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K19/02—Regenerating by compression
    • F01K19/04—Regenerating by compression in combination with cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/04—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F28B9/06—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid with provision for re-cooling the cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0052—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using the ground body or aquifers as heat storage medium

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method for cooling a carrier fluid, which carrier fluid is used to drive a turbine in a solar power plant.
  • the invention also concerns solar power plants with a carrier circuit with a carrier fluid which carrier fluid in operation drives a turbine of the power plant.
  • a typical way of how to generate power out of heat is to bring a carrier fluid to a certain heat level and thus to provide it with a certain level of kinetic energy.
  • the carrier fluid such as water
  • the water which is put under a considerable pressure of about 270 bar, is converted into vapour, which means additionally increasing the volume of the carrier fluid.
  • vapour has enough energy to drive a large turbine the movement of which will then move the generator. After driving the turbine this steam has to be cooled down, which is usually done in a condenser.
  • Such condenser is often a heat exchanger with a cooling circuit along which a carrier circuit with the carrier fluid is led.
  • the carrier circuit is a pipe system which is connected to the turbine, the cooling circuit is filled with cooling liquid which is brought into indirect contact with the carrier fluid and which is considerably cooler than the carrier fluid before condensation. Part of the heat of the carrier fluid, i.e. the steam, is thus transferred to the cooling liquid in the cooling circuit so that the steam becomes water again.
  • part of the cooling liquid again typically water, will be evaporated and released into the air.
  • the other part of the cooling fluid may either be reused within the cooling circuit or released into a river from which even colder water is extracted in return in order to feed the cooling circuit again with fresh cooling water at river temperature.
  • FIG. 1 Such a power plant according to the state of the art is depicted in Fig. 1 .
  • a power plant 2 some components of which are schematically shown in this figure has a carrier circuit 1 and a cooling circuit 11.
  • carrier fluid 5 in this case water 5, respectively water vapour is pumped through a pipe system. by means of a carrier circuit pump 3.
  • a heat exchanger 9 is used in order to cool the water vapour 5 down to a considerably lower temperature in order to transform it into liquid water 5 again.
  • the condensated water is pumped off by a carrier circuit pump 3.
  • the heat exchanger 9 is also connected to the cooling circuit 11 with cooling fluid 13, namely cooling water 13.
  • the cooling water 13 is extracted from a river 27 and pumped by a cooling circuit pump 23 to the heat exchanger 9.
  • the cooling water 13 Before reaching the heat exchanger 9 the cooling water 13 has about the temperature of the river 27. After leaving the heat exchanger 9 the cooling water 13 has extracted a lot of heat from the water vapour 5 in the carrier circuit 1. It is therefore considerably hotter than before and also needs to be cooled down in order to be led back into the river 27.
  • a wet cooling tower 19 is used. Here the hot cooling water 13 from the cooling circuit 11 is sprayed into the tower whilst air 17 is ventilated in the cooling tower 19. Steam clouds 21 result from this process while the rest 25 of the cooling water 13 is led back into the river 27 at a considerably lower temperature level than before entering the wet cooling tower 19.
  • a dry cooling tower 33 directly cools down a carrier fluid 5 within a carrier circuit 1.
  • the carrier fluid 5 comes from a turbine 29 in a power plant 2.
  • the turbine 29 drives a generator 31 which generates electric power from the rotation of the turbine 29.
  • the water 5 is led through a pipe system 37, which functions as a fin-tube heat exchanger.
  • a ventilator 35 provides for fresh air which is ventilated around the pipe system 37 so that a constant stream of air 17 is led around the pipe system 37.
  • the carrier fluid 5 thus slowly cools down in the pipe system 37 and can be pumped back to a heating unit (not shown) by means of a carrier circuit pump 3.
  • a heating unit may comprise a heating chamber in which substances (oil, coal, waste and other burnable materials) are burnt or may comprise a nuclear reactor or a solar-thermal field.
  • Dry cooling towers 35 do not necessarily require water supply, however they are limited in their effectivity by the ambient temperature. High ambient temperature will result in a less efficient thermodynamic process as the condenser temperature in the dry cooling tower 35 and thus the respective pressure at the turbine 29 exit will increase.
  • a method for cooling a carrier fluid of a solar power plant is provided.
  • the carrier fluid is used to drive a turbine of the solar power plant.
  • the carrier fluid comprises water.
  • At least a part of a cooling process is realized by leading the carrier fluid underground a soil to a depth in which the soil is substantially cooler than the ambient air.
  • the method is characterized in that the depth is selected such that there is at least a temperature difference of 10°C between the ambient air and an underground region in which the cooling takes place.
  • any region below the surface of the soil can be considered to be underground.
  • the carrier fluid and optionally also the cooling fluid in an underground region which is at least 0.5 m, more preferably at least 1 m below the surface level of the soil. In this region pipes for transporting the fluid are led along a certain length so that the temperature of the underground region will absorb effectively some of the higher temperature of the fluid.
  • Such length of pipes is preferably at least 10m, more preferably at least 20m, but the pipes need not necessarily be led in only direction but may comprise turns and windings for example in the way of a typical heat exchanger.
  • the carrier fluid as well as for the cooling fluid, they may comprise a liquid and/or a gas such as air. They may comprise the same material but may also comprise different materials, for instance water as the carrier fluid and oil as the cooling fluid.
  • the cooling circuit in which the cooling fluid is transported may also comprise several separate cooling subcircuits so that for instance a first cooling fluid is cooled down by a second cooling fluid in a heat exchanger or the like.
  • the cooling process is additionally realized by leading a cooling fluid for cooling the carrier fluid underground of the soil to the depth.
  • a cooling fluid for cooling the carrier fluid underground of the soil to the depth.
  • use is made of an underground region where the carrier fluid and optionally also the cooling fluid is cooled.
  • the thermal inertia of the underground soil are thus used. Even in deserts, the underground soil is relatively cold in comparison with daytime ambient temperature above ground which is mainly due to a strong cooling effect at night times.
  • Direct cooling of the carrier fluid can be realized by routing the carrier circuit of this carrier fluid through the underground region.
  • Indirect cooling means that a cooling fluid such as water or another fluid with a high heat capacity is routed through pipes in the underground. This cooling fluid then cools the carrier fluid in a heat exchanger.
  • the method according to the invention may be realized instead of using evaporation or ventilation techniques as described above or in addition to using any of such techniques.
  • an underground region below the surface level of the soil in the area of the power plant is used as a cooling region in which the carrier fluid and optionally also the cooling fluid is cooled at least partially.
  • such cooling effect may also be achieved by means of a method of the above-mentioned kind, whereby at least part of a cooling process is realized by supplying at least some of the carrier fluid, and/or at least some of a cooling fluid used to cool the carrier fluid, from a cold storage which stores fluid at a significantly lower temperature than the temperature of the carrier fluid in the turbine.
  • a cold storage being provided additionally to the configuration of the invention as defined in independent claims 1 and 13, may be situated underground as described above, but may also be above ground level and then preferably comprise a thermally isolated container. This container is preferably fed with a liquid or gas which has been cooled underneath the soil.
  • a cold storage which receives fluid at a low temperature level at night time and then stores the cold temperature during daytime.
  • such cold storage may be realized as a large basin which is opened at night so that its content (i.e. the fluid) becomes cold and which is closed and thermally isolated during daytime in order to maintain the low temperature level for as long a time as possible.
  • the cold storage can also be fed with fluid which has been cooled down by a cooling process above ground (e.g. by air to liquide heat exchange, which means using dry cooling techniques) and/or underground (i.e. according to the first embodiment of the invention). Following principle is provided: low temperature is stored or provided in a certain place.
  • the low temperature is stored in the underground region due to the low underground temperatures which are available anyway.
  • the invention makes additionally use of a specially designated container in which the low temperature is artificially preserved.
  • no evaporation techniques are necessary and the loss of water due to cooling and condensation is considerably reduced.
  • a ventilation technique is also not essential, although such technology can be used in addition to the cooling technology according to the invention.
  • an electric power plant of the above-mentioned kind can be realised in two different ways.
  • a solar power plant of the above-mentioned kind can be enhanced by the fact that at least part of the carrier circuit and optionally also part of at least one cooling circuit with a cooling fluid used to cool the carrier fluid is led underground to a depth that is substantially cooler than the ambient air.
  • the power plant preferably comprises underground pipes and/or tanks.
  • the underground region serves as a "heat sink” or as a kind of low temperature reservoir.
  • Such pipes or tanks are preferably made of a material with a high heat transfer coefficient so that transfer of heat from the fluid into the underground region outside the pipe or tank is as effective as possible. Therefore, the heat transfer coefficient of such pipe or tank is preferably above 15 W/mK, most preferably above 100 W/mK, i.e. at least in the range of the transfer coefficient of metals such as stainless steel or above. It is thus most preferred to use thermally unisolated pipes or tanks.
  • the heat transfer can further be even enhanced by heat transfer enhancement means such as fin tubes.
  • a solar power plant of the above-mentioned kind can be enhanced by the fact that at least part of the carrier fluid and/or at least part of a cooling fluid used to cool the carrier fluid is stored in a cold storage at a significantly lower temperature than the temperature of the carrier fluid in the turbine.
  • Such cold storage may be realised as a container or tank above ground or below ground level. It may be incorporated into buildings of the power plant in order to reduce the need for thermal isolation but may also be situated outside such buildings in order to be further away from the heating process.
  • Such container is preferably thermally isolated so that little heat will be transferred into the inside of the container which in return means that the low temperature inside the cold storage is maintained as long as possible.
  • the cold storage will keep the temperature of its contents at a certain level which does not exceed 20°C above its lowest level during the course of one day. This is the preferred value for the cold storage in a state in which it is filled with the designated fluid during a day on which no fluids are inserted or taken out of the cold storage.
  • both embodiments of the power plant according to the invention also follow the common principle which has been described with reference to the two embodiments of methods according to the invention.
  • the cold storage is supplied underground under the surface of the soil and thus need not necessarily be equipped with isolating means because the isolation is actually realised by the surrounding soil instead of additional isolating material.
  • a cooling system for an electric power plant in which at least part of a carrier circuit with a carrier fluid and optionally also part of at least one cooling circuit with a cooling fluid used to cool the carrier fluid is led underground to a depth that is substantially cooler than the ambient air as described in the independent claims and in which cooling system at least part of the carrier fluid and/or at least part of the cooling fluid is optionally additionally stored in a cold storage at a significantly lower temperature than the temperature of the carrier fluid in the turbine.
  • the cooling is carried out in an electric power plant in a hot environment.
  • a hot environment is particularly given in desert surroundings or in similarly arid environments. They can be characterised by the fact that during at least 100 days of the year a top temperature of 40°C is reached. In such circumstances water is particularly scarce. This implies that the water consumption of power plants directly competes with water needs for food production and urban life so that it is likely that local life and food production will have the highest priority over power generation. Therefore, power plants in such regions can only be successfully operated if they have a very low water consumption foot print, i.e. as little water losses in operation as possible. Using the methods according to the invention is particularly helpful in order not to waste valuable water for power generation. Such water can now be saved for other purposes such as agriculture and home use.
  • the cooling is performed for a carrier fluid in a solar power plant, in particular in a concentrated solar power plant.
  • solar power plants are often situated in arid zones as described above.
  • power plants, in particular concentrated solar power plants produce carrier fluids with very high temperatures.
  • Concentrated solar power plants are characterised by the fact that light rays from the sun are concentrated onto small spots so that they produce very high temperatures in these spots. The result is that the temperatures generated by concentrated solar power plants are particularly high and sufficient for power plant cycle.
  • the efficiency of the cycle is determined by the lower temperature of the cold end (condensation). This temperature defines the achievable lowest pressure at the turbine exit. The lower it is the higher the efficiency and therefore the extracted power output of the power plant. This can be enhanced by the methods according to the invention.
  • the cooling according to the invention is performed for a carrier fluid in a power plant comprising an air cooled condenser or dry cooling tower which carries out part of the cooling.
  • dry cooling towers with ventilators have the advantage that, again, essentially no cooling fluid is lost into the air.
  • the combination of the cooling method according to the invention with a cooling method using air cooled condenser makes possible a closed cooling circuit or a closed carrier circuit in which no fluid is lost to the ambient environment.
  • a second possibility which also includes additional cooling is that the cooling according to the invention is performed in a power plant comprising a wet cooling system which carries out part of the cooling.
  • the first and the second possibility may be combined so that in fact three cooling systems together provide for the overall cooling effect of the carrier fluid, and optionally also the cooling fluid.
  • the cooling method according to the invention may also be combined with a wet cooling system only. This means that a wet cooling tower takes over some of the cooling while the rest of the cooling is performed by the cooling system according to the invention.
  • wet cooling provides for the most effective cooling overall so that a particularly effective system is realized whereby the methods according to the invention help to reduce fluid consumption.
  • the cooling system according to the invention can be chosen according to both technical preferences and according to the availability of space as well as in dependence of other pre-assumptions. In some special cases, however, it is preferred to place to wet cooling tower downstream the cooling system according to the invention. This is particularly the case when the water losses of the wet cooling tower are to be reduced by the cooling system, which can be enhanced by such arrangement of the two cooling systems.
  • a main cooling circuit may comprise an dry cooling tower system while only in peak times there is operated a cooling system according to the invention.
  • the carrier fluid and/or the cooling fluid is cooled in a heat exchanger connected to a cooling circuit.
  • a cooling circuit contains a cooling fluid.
  • the carrier fluid may be cooled directly in the heat exchanger or cooling fluid is cooled in the heat exchanger by a second cooling fluid circulating in the cooling circuit.
  • the latter means that two cooling circuits altogether are used, both containing cooling fluid, whereby the cooling fluids in the different cooling circuits may be different in kind but need not necessarily be.
  • the cold storage is preferably situated underground at a depth that is substantially cooler than the ambient air.
  • the cooling takes place underground in an underground cold storage. This is particularly advantageous for example because no isolation means for firmly isolating the cold storage are needed as would usually be the case if the cold storage was above ground.
  • such cold storage is replenished with fluid at night time which fluid is then supplied during daytime. That means that the carrier fluid and/or the cooling fluid are a cooled down at night time and collected in the cold storage so that they can be supplied during daytime, in particular during those times of the day when the weather is particularly hot.
  • some of the carrier fluid and/or some of the cooling fluid can be stored in a plurality of cold storages. For instance, there may be one main cold storage for what may be labelled "normal operation" and a second additional cold storage for operation times under severe conditions such as very hot weather or a times of peak power consumption.
  • different cold storages may also be used at different time, e.g. on different days, so that the time to recover the low temperature in each of the cold storages is longer.
  • all cold storages may be used in parallel at any given time in order to provide for a combined cooling effect.
  • the cooling method according to the invention is particularly useful for those times in which cooling of the carrier fluid is particularly necessary. Therefore, it is most preferably applied under extreme heat conditions and/or during times of peak power consumption.
  • a driving unit for such extreme conditions it is further preferred that use of the cooling method is initiated by a driving unit according to variable input data pertaining to temperature information and/or power consumption information.
  • a driving unit receives information about ambient temperature and/or information about the current power consumption within the power supply network and therefrom derives orders to activate or de-activate those parts of the power plant which will operate the cooling system according to the invention.
  • valves into and/or out of the cooling system according to the invention can be opened and closed depending on such orders of the driving unit. This means that the cooling system can be opened and closed off according to current need.
  • FIG. 3 shows a power plant 2' according to a first embodiment comprising features optionally supplementing the features of the invention.
  • the other components of the power plant 2' such as the heating chamber, the turbine, the generator and the power system are not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • cooling fluid 13 here cooling water 13 is pumped through a pipe system by a cooling circuit pump 3.
  • a dry cooling tower 33 of the kind which has been described in the context of Fig. 2 .
  • the cooling water 13 is led further below the ground into the soil into an underground depth 41.
  • Part of the cooling circuit 11 is thus an underground pipe 40, in which the cooling water 13 can be cooled down by the low temperatures in the underground depth 41.
  • the underground pipe 40 thus constitutes a cooling system 4.
  • the cooling water 13 is further led into a wet cooling tower 19 of the kind described in Fig. 1 . Water vapour leaves the wet cooling tower 19 in the form of steam clouds 21.
  • the rest of the cooling water 13 is then collected and pumped to a heat exchanger (not shown) to cool a carrier fluid of the power plant 2'.
  • the underground pipe 40 and thus the cooling system 4 can be fed with cooling water 13 via a first valve 59, whereas a direct connection 60 circumventing the underground pipe 40 can be opened and closed by a second valve 61.
  • a direct connection 60 circumventing the underground pipe 40 can be opened and closed by a second valve 61.
  • the cooling water 13 is to be cooled in the underground tube 41 the first valve 59 is opened whereas the second valve 61 is preferably closed.
  • the second valve 61 can be opened while the first valve 59 can be closed in order to cut off the connection into the underground pipe 40.
  • a control unit 63 gives orders SB to both the first valve 59 and the second valve 61 by which orders the two valves are operated.
  • the control unit 63 comprises an input interface 64 for information data ID, for example information about the ambient temperature of the power plant 2' and/or about current power consumption of the power network which is fed by the power plant 2'.
  • a driving unit 57 derives from these information data ID the orders SB which will close and open the first valve 59 and the second valve 61. Therefore opening and closing the valves 59, 61 is dependent on those information data ID supplied via the interface is 64.
  • the underground tube 40 can be cut off or given access to in dependence of the information data ID. For instance, during day time under hot weather conditions the information data ID will contain information about high temperatures.
  • the information data may also comprise date and time information from which there can be extracted in arid zones a certain expected temperature level.
  • the driving unit 57 derives orders SB to open the first valve 59 and to close the second valve 61 so that additional cooling in the underground tube 40 is made available. The same may be the case in times of extremely high power consumption in the power supply network.
  • control unit 63 can be used in any of the following embodiments as described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 . It is therefore not shown in the following figures.
  • FIG. 4 shows a power plant 2' according to a second embodiment comprising features optionally supplementing the features of the invention.
  • cooling water 13 is pumped through a cooling circuit 11 by a pump 3. It passes a dry cooling tower 33 as described before before entering an underground depth 41 in which a heat exchanger 45 is situated.
  • the cooling water 13 is cooled down and led further into a wet cooling tower 19 as described with reference to Fig. 3 .
  • the heat exchanger 45 is supplied with a second cooling liquid 46 which is led through a second cooling circuit 47 by a second cooling circuit pump 49.
  • This second cooling circuit 47 is in the underground depth 41 so that it is cooled by the underground soil.
  • the second cooling circuit 47 together with the heat exchanger 45 and the second cooling circuit pump 49 therefore constitutes a cooling system 4 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a power plant 2' according to a third embodiment comprising features optionally supplementing the features of the invention.
  • a cold storage 51 is situated. It may be noted that such cold storage 51 can also be situated above ground in which case it is preferably thermally isolated from the outside.
  • the cold storage 51 is shown in more detail in Fig. 6 . It is realized as a basin in which the cooling water 13 is stored in great amount. For the purpose of cooling the cooling water 13 an additional pipe system 53 with a pump 55 is led underground so that the cooling water 13 is cooled underground and led back into the cold storage 51. From the cold storage 51 the cooling water 13 goes back into the cooling circuit 11 as shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the cold storage can also be positioned above ground and it is not absolutely necessary to use dry cooling towers and/or wet cooling towers in addition to the cooling system used to realize the method according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Trägerfluids (5) eines Solarkraftwerks, bei dem
    - das Trägerfluid (5) zum Antreiben einer Turbine (29) des Solarkraftwerks (2') benutzt wird,
    - das Trägerfluid Wasser umfasst und
    - zumindest ein Teil eines Kühlprozesses dadurch realisiert wird, dass das Trägerfluid (5) bis in eine Tiefe (41) in den Boden geleitet wird, in der der Boden wesentlich kälter ist als die Umgebungsluft,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die Tiefe so gewählt wird, dass zwischen der Umgebungsluft und einem unterirdischen Bereich, in dem das Kühlen unter Nutzung der thermischen Trägheit des Bodens stattfindet, zumindest eine Temperaturdifferenz von 10°C besteht.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Kühlprozess zusätzlich dadurch realisiert wird, dass ein Kühlfluid (13, 16) zum Kühlen des Trägerfluids (5) bis in die Tiefe in den Boden geleitet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem ein solarthermisches Kraftwerk mit Strahlungsbündelung als Solarkraftwerk benutzt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Kühlen für ein Trägerfluid (5) in einem Solarkraftwerk (2') mit einem luftgekühlten Kondensator (35) erfolgt, der einen Teil des Kühlens übernimmt.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Kühlen in einem Solarkraftwerk (2') mit einem Nasskühlsystem (19) erfolgt, das einen Teil des Kühlens übernimmt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Trägerfluid (5) und/ oder das Kühlfluid (13) in einem Wärmetauscher (45) gekühlt wird, der mit einem Kühlkreislauf (47) verbunden ist.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem für den Kühlprozess ein Kältespeicher (51) vorgesehen ist, der Fluid bei wesentlich geringerer Temperatur als der Temperatur des Trägerfluids (5) in der Turbine (29) speichert.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem sich der Kältespeicher (51) in einer Tiefe (41) im Boden befindet, in der es wesentlich kälter ist als in der Umgebungsluft.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei dem der Kältespeicher (51) nachts mit Fluid aufgefüllt wird, das dann tagsüber bereitgestellt wird.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, bei dem ein Teil des Trägerfluids (5) und/ oder des Kühlfluids (13) in mehreren Kältespeichern (51) gespeichert wird.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Kühlverfahren zu Spitzenzeiten des Stromverbrauchs angewendet wird.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Einsatz des Kühlverfahrens entsprechend variabler Eingabedaten (ID) zu Temperaturangaben und/ oder Stromverbrauchsangaben von einer Ansteuereinheit (57) ausgelöst wird.
  13. Solarkraftwerk (2') mit einem Trägerkreislauf (1) mit einem Trägerfluid (5), das im Betrieb eine Turbine (29) des Kraftwerks antreibt, wobei
    - das Trägerfluid Wasser umfasst und
    - zumindest ein Teil des Trägerkreislaufs (1) bis in eine Tiefe (41) in den Boden geleitet wird, in der es wesentlich kälter ist als in der Umgebungsluft,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die Tiefe so gewählt ist, dass zwischen der Umgebungsluft und dem unterirdischen Bereich, in dem das Kühlen des Trägerfluids unter Nutzung der thermischen Trägheit des Bodens stattfindet, zumindest eine Temperaturdifferenz von 10°C besteht.
  14. Solarkraftwerk nach Anspruch 13, bei dem ein Teil mindestens eines Kühlkreislaufs mit einem zum Kühlen des Trägerfluids (5) benutzten Kühlfluid (13, 16) bis in die Tiefe (41) in den Boden geleitet wird.
EP10188875.8A 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Trägerflüssigkeit eines solaren Kraftwerks sowie solares Kraftwerk Not-in-force EP2447479B1 (de)

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PT101888758T PT2447479T (pt) 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 Métodos para arrefecimento de um fluido transportador de uma central elétrica, centrais elétricas e sistema de arrefecimento
EP10188875.8A EP2447479B1 (de) 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Trägerflüssigkeit eines solaren Kraftwerks sowie solares Kraftwerk
ES10188875.8T ES2603985T3 (es) 2010-10-26 2010-10-26 Métodos para enfriar un fluido transportador de una central de energía solar y una central de energía solar
US13/271,295 US20120099974A1 (en) 2010-10-26 2011-10-12 Methods for cooling a carrier fluid of an electric power plant, electric power plants and cooling system
AU2011239217A AU2011239217A1 (en) 2010-10-26 2011-10-19 Methods for cooling a carrier fluid of an electric power plant, electric power plants and cooling system
CA2755748A CA2755748A1 (en) 2010-10-26 2011-10-24 Methods for cooling a carrier fluid of an electric power plant, electric power plants and cooling system
NZ595944A NZ595944A (en) 2010-10-26 2011-10-25 Methods for cooling a carrier fluid of an electric power plant, electric power plants and cooling system
JP2011235209A JP6021313B2 (ja) 2010-10-26 2011-10-26 発電所のキャリヤ流体を冷却する方法、発電所、及び冷却システム
KR1020110110143A KR20120043660A (ko) 2010-10-26 2011-10-26 발전소의 운반 유체를 냉각하는 방법, 발전소 및 냉각 시스템
CN201110417910.6A CN102536353B (zh) 2010-10-26 2011-10-26 用于冷却发电厂的载体流体的方法、发电厂以及冷却系统

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JP2012097741A (ja) 2012-05-24
US20120099974A1 (en) 2012-04-26
KR20120043660A (ko) 2012-05-04
JP6021313B2 (ja) 2016-11-09
ES2603985T3 (es) 2017-03-02
CA2755748A1 (en) 2012-04-26
CN102536353B (zh) 2016-03-23
NZ595944A (en) 2013-08-30
EP2447479A1 (de) 2012-05-02
CN102536353A (zh) 2012-07-04
PT2447479T (pt) 2016-11-02

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