EP2443711B1 - Bougie d'allumage - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2443711B1
EP2443711B1 EP10854248.1A EP10854248A EP2443711B1 EP 2443711 B1 EP2443711 B1 EP 2443711B1 EP 10854248 A EP10854248 A EP 10854248A EP 2443711 B1 EP2443711 B1 EP 2443711B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
distal
plug according
section
peripheral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10854248.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2443711A1 (fr
EP2443711A4 (fr
Inventor
Perry D. MARTIN
Christopher J. WITHERSPOON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vomar Tech Inc
Original Assignee
Vomar Tech Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Vomar Tech Inc filed Critical Vomar Tech Inc
Priority to PL10854248T priority Critical patent/PL2443711T3/pl
Publication of EP2443711A1 publication Critical patent/EP2443711A1/fr
Publication of EP2443711A4 publication Critical patent/EP2443711A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2443711B1 publication Critical patent/EP2443711B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/52—Sparking plugs characterised by a discharge along a surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to spark plugs for internal combustion engines.
  • spark plugs for internal combustion engines have been known for more than 100 years. Although the design of spark plugs has improved considerably during that time, there is a continuing need for spark plugs which will further enhance engine performance and, hopefully, reduce the rate of fuel consumption.
  • WO 00/01047 discloses a spark plug with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention satisfies this need.
  • the invention is a spark plug having the features specified in claim 1.
  • the invention is a spark plug 10 for an internal combustion engine which is capable of providing extraordinary performance.
  • the spark plug 10 comprises a central electrode 12 and a plurality of peripheral electrodes 14.
  • the invention is illustrated in Figures 1-3 .
  • the central electrode 12 has a proximal portion 16 and a distal portion 18.
  • the distal portion 18 has a circular cross-section with a longitudinal axis 20.
  • the distal portion 18 terminates at a distal end 22.
  • the distal end 22 of the central electrode 12 is dome-shaped for a congruous blunt shape.
  • the central electrode 12 is cylindrical as with a typical spark plug.
  • the diameter of the distal portion 18 is between about 3.17 mm (0.125 inches) and about 6.73 mm (0.265 inches). This diameter of the distal portion 18 is about two to three times larger than in a typical spark plug.
  • the central electrode 12 is enlarged for several reasons. One purpose is for spark stabilization. The enlarged electrode stores up more energy, thereby releasing a greater amount of electricity at the spark event. A second purpose is to cause continuous rapid ion movement during the ignition cycle that will not break down, even under extreme combustion pressure, as with racing engines.
  • the plurality of peripheral electrodes 14 are disposed equidistant from one another around the central electrode 12 so as to define a circle having the central electrode 12 disposed at its center.
  • the peripheral electrodes 14 are typically integral with a threaded base cylinder 24.
  • the plurality of peripheral electrodes 14 constitutes 8 peripheral electrodes 14. In all cases, it is important that the number of peripheral electrodes 14 is between about 3 and about 12. When the number of peripheral electrodes 14 is less than 3 or greater than 12, performance in an internal combustion engine is markedly reduced.
  • Each of the peripheral electrodes 14 is substantially identical in shape and dimensions.
  • Each peripheral electrode 14 has a lower portion 25 and an upper portion 26.
  • the upper portion 26 has a distal-most point 28.
  • the distal-most point 28 of each of the peripheral electrodes 14 can be relatively sharp. However, in other embodiments, the distal-most point 28 of each of the peripheral electrodes 14 may be more rounded or flat.
  • each distal-most point 28 is disposed in a central plane 30 within which the longitudinal axis 20 of the distal portion 18 of the central electrode 12 is wholly disposed.
  • the cross-section of each upper portion 26 of each of the peripheral electrodes 14, taken along its central plane 30, defines a convex outer side 32 and a non-convex inner side 34.
  • each convex outer side 32 has a curved surface 36 which is tangent to a plurality of tangent planes 38, all of which tangent planes 38 intersect the longitudinal axis 20 of the distal portion 18 of the central electrode 12 at points at or above the distal end 22 of the distal point of the central electrode 12.
  • the curved surface 36 of the convex outer side 32 is smooth with preferably no discontinuities.
  • Figure 3A illustrates a cross-sectional view identical to that which is illustrated in Figure 3B , but showing that the inner side 34 defines a small flat section 37 near the distal-most point 28.
  • the plurality of peripheral electrodes 14 resembles a fork that has been bent into a loop with the tines arcing inwards to point at the central electrode 12.
  • peripheral electrodes 14 are electrically insulated from the central electrode 12 by a layer of bakelite 40 or other suitable insulator.
  • the peripheral electrodes 14 can be provided in a variety of shapes.
  • Figure 4A illustrates the cross-sectional shape of the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally square cross-section.
  • Figure 4B illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally rectangular cross-section.
  • Figure 4C illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally oval shape.
  • Figure 4D illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally circular shape.
  • Figure 4E illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally square shape but with rounded corners.
  • Figure 4F illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally rectangular cross-section, but with rounded corners.
  • Figure 4G illustrates the lower portion 25 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally triangular cross-section.
  • Figures 4H and 4I illustrates the upper portion 26 of a peripheral electrode 14 having the shape of an eccentric cone.
  • Figures 4J and 4K illustrate the upper portion 26 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a shape of an alternative eccentric cone.
  • Figures 4L and 4M illustrate the upper portion 26 of a peripheral electrode 14 having a generally flat inner side 34 and an outer side 32 which in cross-section taken along its central plane 30, the inner side 34 has a generally flat surface and the outer side 32 has a surface having the shape of a circular arc.
  • Figure 4N illustrates the cross-section of an alternative upper portion 26 of the peripheral electrode 14 illustrated in Figure 4L wherein the inner side 34 is somewhat concave.
  • each of the peripheral electrodes 14 is spaced apart from the central electrode 12 by a distance of between about 1.02 mm (0.04 inches) and about 2.41 mm (0.095 inches), most typically between about 1.27 mm (0.05 inches) and about 1.78 mm (0.07 inches).
  • the spark plug 10 is capable of providing improved engine performance, including the increasing of horsepower and torque, by utilizing the excess energy from an ignition source to cause rapid ion movement that mixes with the incoming air/fuel in the combustion chamber.
  • a blast of negative ions is mixed into the air fuel in the combustion chamber just prior to ignition, during the spark event and during combustion. This blast of ions changes the burn characteristics of the fuel by releasing more potential energy and slowing down the actual combustion event. This phenomenon is similar to raising the octane level of the fuel.
  • ions are cooling the tips. This event often results in rapid circular flow around the central electrode.
  • spark plug of the invention need not be designed for one of a large number of specific heat ranges. For most applications, only one heat range is required. In contrast, with conventional spark plugs, as many as 20 different designs are required, one for a different heat range.
  • peripheral electrodes in the invention By the design of the peripheral electrodes in the invention, negative ions are separated out of the electrical charge flowing from the coil. The ions travel along the periphery of the negative electrodes, building momentum along the curves of the peripheral electrodes culminating at the distal portion and then blasting a pathway toward the center electrode for the spark plasma to travel. As the piston nears top dead center of the compression/combustion stroke the combustion chamber becomes highly pressurized. In this atmosphere the spark plasma is amplified and split so a plurality of sparks are emitted from the variety of the ground electrodes. As many as three distinct, highly energized spark kernels have been observed during high pressure testing.
  • Another phenomenon that occurs in the use of the invention is that the moving ions create a pressure shield beneath the central electrode and in the cavity between the insulator and the inner wall of the base shell.
  • This pressure shield keeps carbon from partially burnt fuel and oil from contaminating the insulator and the inner wall of the base shell, thus avoiding potential shorting of the spark.
  • the design of the invention also produces a very strong and stable spark that can jump large spark gaps and under extreme combustion pressure, thereby greatly reducing misfires.
  • Dynometer charts are re-produced utilizing a high performance V-8 test engine. These tests were conducted by an independent facility. No changes or alterations were made to the engine with the exception of the changing of spark plugs.
  • the engine for testing was a 420 cubic inch Ford FE engine with an 850 cfm Holly carburetor and 38 degrees of timing.
  • the stock spark plugs were Autolite 3924 stock plugs set at a gap of 1.02 mm (0.040 inches).
  • the spark plugs of the invention were Autolite 3924 stock plugs modified as illustrated in Figure 1 , with a gap of 1.47 mm (0.058 inches).
  • the engine for testing was an 812 cubic inch Ford engine with an 850 cfm Holly carburetor and 38 degrees of timing.
  • the stock spark plugs were Autolite 3924 stock plugs set at a gap of 1.14 mm (0.045 inches).
  • the spark plugs of the invention were Autolite 3924 stock plugs modified as illustrated in Figure 1 , with a gap of 1.57 mm (0.062 inches). In Example 2, two tests were run with the spark plugs of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Bougie d'allumage comprenant :
    (a) une électrode centrale (12) ayant une partie proximale (16) et une partie distale (18), la partie distale ayant une section transversale circulaire avec un axe longitudinal (20) et se terminant par une extrémité distale (22) ;
    (b) une pluralité d'électrodes périphériques (14), chaque électrode périphérique ayant une partie inférieure (25) et une partie supérieure (26) et étant sensiblement identiques du point de la forme et des dimensions, chaque partie supérieure ayant un point situé le plus à distance (28), chaque point situé le plus à distance étant disposé dans un plan central (30) à l'intérieur duquel l'axe longitudinal (20) de la partie distale de l'électrode centrale (12) est complètement disposé, la section transversale de chaque partie supérieure (26) prise le long de son plan central définissant un côté externe convexe et un côté interne non convexe, chaque côté externe convexe ayant une surface incurvée (36) qui est tangente à une pluralité de plans tangents (38),
    caractérisée en ce que la forme de la surface incurvée (36) de chaque côté externe convexe de la partie supérieure (26) de chaque électrode périphérique (14) est telle que tous lesdits plans tangents coupent l'axe longitudinal (20) de la partie distale (18) de l'électrode centrale (12) aux points au niveau de ou au-dessus de l'extrémité distale (22) du point distal de l'électrode centrale et le côté interne (34) de chaque électrode périphérique (14) définit une section plate (37) à proximité de chaque point situé le plus à distance (28).
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie distale (18) de l'électrode centrale (12) a un diamètre compris entre environ 3,17 mm (0,125 pouces) et environ 6,73 mm (0,265 pouces).
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'électrode centrale (12) a une extrémité distale (22) qui est en forme de dôme.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le nombre de la pluralité d'électrodes périphériques (14) est compris entre 3 et 12 électrodes périphériques.
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale carrée.
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale rectangulaire.
  7. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale généralement ovale.
  8. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale circulaire.
  9. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale généralement carrée avec des coins arrondis.
  10. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale généralement rectangulaire avec des coins arrondis.
  11. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie inférieure (25) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a une section transversale généralement triangulaire avec des coins arrondis.
  12. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie supérieure (26) de chacune des électrodes périphériques (14) a la forme d'un cône excentrique.
  13. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le côté externe convexe (32) est lisse.
  14. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle le côté externe convexe (32) forme un arc de cercle.
  15. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'électrode centrale (12) est entourée par un isolateur (40) et dans laquelle l'extrémité distale (22) de l'électrode centrale (12) s'étend de manière axiale au-delà d'une extrémité distale de l'isolateur et a une largeur sensiblement égale à la largeur de l'extrémité distale de l'isolateur.
EP10854248.1A 2010-08-23 2010-08-23 Bougie d'allumage Active EP2443711B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10854248T PL2443711T3 (pl) 2010-08-23 2010-08-23 Świeca zapłonowa

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2010/046386 WO2012026919A1 (fr) 2010-08-23 2010-08-23 Bougie d'allumage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2443711A1 EP2443711A1 (fr) 2012-04-25
EP2443711A4 EP2443711A4 (fr) 2012-10-24
EP2443711B1 true EP2443711B1 (fr) 2013-11-20

Family

ID=45723696

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10854248.1A Active EP2443711B1 (fr) 2010-08-23 2010-08-23 Bougie d'allumage

Country Status (17)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2443711B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5600211B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101439801B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103155313B (fr)
AU (1) AU2010359601C1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112013003947B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2809015C (fr)
DK (1) DK2443711T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2443956T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1163943A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL224838A (fr)
MX (1) MX2013002090A (fr)
PL (1) PL2443711T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2443711E (fr)
RU (1) RU2542351C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012026919A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201302062B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20131014A1 (it) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-20 Eldor Corp Spa Dispositivo di accensione per motori a combustione interna

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5644548B2 (fr) * 1973-03-19 1981-10-20
US4439707A (en) 1980-07-23 1984-03-27 Nippon Soken, Inc. Spark plug with a wide discharge gap
JP3589693B2 (ja) * 1994-03-30 2004-11-17 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
CZ282875B6 (cs) * 1994-12-23 1997-11-12 BRISK Tábor a. s. Zapalovací svíčka
US5892319A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-04-06 Rossi; Paul Top and side firing spark plug
WO2000001047A1 (fr) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-06 Witherspoon Chris W Bougie d'allumage a vent corona
US6583539B1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2003-06-24 Antonio Lopez Zamora Spark plug with center electrode and surrounding ground electrode
CN2515843Y (zh) * 2001-12-06 2002-10-09 唐志远 圆弧多极火花塞
KR20030047417A (ko) * 2001-12-10 2003-06-18 루이스 에스 카밀리 점화 플러그
JP2004022450A (ja) * 2002-06-19 2004-01-22 Denso Corp 内燃機関用スパークプラグ
JP2006085941A (ja) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-30 Denso Corp 内燃機関用のスパークプラグ
KR20060030261A (ko) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-10 현대자동차주식회사 점화 플러그
JP4272682B2 (ja) * 2006-10-30 2009-06-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 内燃機関用スパークプラグ及びその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20130062990A (ko) 2013-06-13
JP2013536558A (ja) 2013-09-19
EP2443711A1 (fr) 2012-04-25
IL224838A (en) 2016-05-31
ES2443956T3 (es) 2014-02-21
KR101439801B1 (ko) 2014-09-11
HK1163943A1 (en) 2012-09-14
ZA201302062B (en) 2014-02-26
WO2012026919A1 (fr) 2012-03-01
DK2443711T3 (en) 2014-02-17
CA2809015C (fr) 2016-02-09
RU2542351C2 (ru) 2015-02-20
AU2010359601B2 (en) 2014-07-31
EP2443711A4 (fr) 2012-10-24
BR112013003947A2 (pt) 2017-12-19
PT2443711E (pt) 2014-02-17
PL2443711T3 (pl) 2014-04-30
RU2013110034A (ru) 2014-09-27
JP5600211B2 (ja) 2014-10-01
CN103155313B (zh) 2015-09-23
BR112013003947B1 (pt) 2024-01-09
CN103155313A (zh) 2013-06-12
CA2809015A1 (fr) 2012-03-01
AU2010359601A1 (en) 2013-03-07
AU2010359601C1 (en) 2015-11-12
MX2013002090A (es) 2013-12-02

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