EP2442046B1 - Boiler - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2442046B1
EP2442046B1 EP11455002.3A EP11455002A EP2442046B1 EP 2442046 B1 EP2442046 B1 EP 2442046B1 EP 11455002 A EP11455002 A EP 11455002A EP 2442046 B1 EP2442046 B1 EP 2442046B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boiler
loading door
heat exchanger
actuation shaft
cleaning
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EP11455002.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2442046A3 (en
EP2442046A2 (en
Inventor
Anton sen. Hargassner
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Hargassner GmbH
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Hargassner GmbH
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Publication of EP2442046A2 publication Critical patent/EP2442046A2/en
Publication of EP2442046A3 publication Critical patent/EP2442046A3/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0005Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042Cleaning arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating boiler according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a boiler is eg from the EP 2213940 A2 known.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to ensure a cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes of the heat exchanger of boilers in more or less regular time intervals, without having to provide an engine operation for this purpose.
  • the towing hook of the transverse to the actuating shaft and transversely to its longitudinal direction displaceable Tie rod assign a contact surface for lifting the towing hook from the driving pin of the actuating arm when opening the loading door.
  • the height of the tow hook is released from the driving pin of the actuating arm so that the released actuating shaft allows a gravity-induced falling of the cleaning inserts with the effect that deposits from the cleaning inserts fall off during a jerky braking of the falling cleaning inserts.
  • a rotation stop for the lowest position of the cleaning inserts in the heat exchanger tubes can be assigned in an advantageous manner to the actuating shaft. This rotation stop can at best be provided in particular for noise reduction with a damping.
  • the renewed detection of the driving pin must be ensured by the towing hook when closing the loading door.
  • the linkage to the drive connection between the actuating shaft and the loading door has a slip clutch or a predetermined breaking point, jamming of a cleaning insert in the associated heat exchanger tube can not lead to the loading door being able to be opened.
  • the slip clutch or the predetermined breaking point allows for a correspondingly higher force application opening the loading door, at the same time indicating that additional maintenance is required.
  • the actuating shaft is rotatably supported on the face side in upwardly open guide bearings, the result is particularly simple installation conditions, because the actuating shaft only needs to be inserted from above into the guide bearing, which is a prerequisite for the cleaning inserts to be pulled out of the heat exchanger tubes together with the actuating shaft and can be used in these heat exchanger tubes.
  • the boiler shown has in a conventional manner provided with a loading door 1 filling space 2 for solid fuels, especially logs.
  • the resulting when burning the solid fuel hot flue gases are used for heating the boiler water 3, wherein the heat exchanger used for this purpose, the boiler water 3 vertically interspersed heat exchanger tubes 4, which are traversed by the hot flue gases.
  • the flue gases occur after the heat release to the boiler water 3 via the heat exchanger tubes 4 in a plenum 5, from where they are deducted via a flue 6.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 4 are provided with plaster inserts 7, which are designed in the form of a cleaning spiral to in addition to achieve a heat transfer supporting flue gas flow. But it can also find other plaster inserts use, because it is primarily about the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 4 by an axial displacement of the cleaning inserts 7.
  • an actuator 8 is provided which comprises an actuating shaft 9 with pivot arms 10 which engage via connecting lugs 11 on the cleaning inserts 7, so that upon rotation of the actuating shaft 9, the cleaning inserts 7 within the heat exchanger tubes 4 axially be relocated.
  • a linkage 12 For rotating the actuating shaft 9, a linkage 12 is provided which produces a drive connection between the actuating shaft 9 and the loading door 1, so that with the opening of the loading door 1, an actuation of the cleaning inserts 7 and thus a more or less regular cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 4 during the heating operation of the boiler is forced. Since the linkage 12 is arranged above the filling space 2, particularly simple construction conditions result because no passages through water-bearing parts of the boiler housing become necessary.
  • the linkage 12 is formed by a tie rod 13 which is articulated by means of a pivot axis 14 on the loading door 1 and is guided above the filling space 2 within a guide bracket 15 with play.
  • a draw hook 16 which cooperates with a driving pin 17 of an actuating arm 18 of the actuating shaft 9.
  • This actuator arm 18 is used according to the embodiment as a pivot arm 10 for a cleaning insert 7, but this need not be the case.
  • the towing hook 16 is assigned a contact surface 19 which cooperates with a housing-fixed stop 20 of the boiler and when opening the loading door 1 from the in Fig. 2 shown closed position in the open position after the Fig. 3 runs onto the stop 20.
  • the towing hook 16 thus initially pivots the actuating shaft 9 via the actuating arm 18, wherein the cleaning punches 7 in the Heat exchanger tubes 4 are raised.
  • the thrust surface 19 increasingly slides on the stop 20, so that the tow hook 16 is increasingly lifted from the driving pin 17 and in the open position of the loading door 1, the driving pin 17 releases.
  • the release of the driving pin 17 by the draw hook 16 causes a gravity-induced drop of the cleaning inserts 7 in the heat exchanger tubes 4.
  • This drop is braked by a rotation stop 21 for the actuating shaft 9 jerky.
  • the associated shock load of the cleaning inserts 7 causes a drop in the solid flue gas residues from the cleaning inserts 7, which brings an additional cleaning effect for the cleaning operations with it.
  • the rotation stop 21 for the actuating shaft 9 can be advantageously formed by a projection of the pivot arms 10.
  • the towing hook 16 Since the drive connection between the tie rod 13 and the actuating arm 18 is released by the fall of the cleaning inserts 7, this drive connection must be restored when closing the loading door 1.
  • the towing hook 16 has a contact surface 22 for the driving pin 17 of the actuating arm 18. With the closing of the loading door 1, the tie rod 13 is advanced against the driving pin 17, so that the tow hook 16 is raised along the contact surface 22 via the driving pin 17, to subsequently in the catching position after the Fig. 2 drop. With the opening of the loading door 1 thus repeats the described cleaning process.
  • the tie rod 13 is to be mounted on the pivoting axle 14 of the loading door 1 so as to be limitedly pivotable.
  • it requires in the area of the guide bracket 15 of a sufficient leadership game not only the side, but also the height.
  • a slip clutch or a Predetermined breaking point to be provided which comes at an increased force to open the loading door 1 to the effect and ensures the heating operation, but then without cleaning the heat exchanger tubes 4.
  • a slip clutch for the linkage 12 is shown.
  • the tie rod 13 has two telescopically displaceable parts 13a and 13b and a spring catch 23 which locks the two parts 13a and 13b of the tie rod 13 in the position of use.
  • the spring catch 23 itself is formed by a leaf spring 24 on one part 13a and a latching recess 25 in the other part 13b, so that when overcoming the spring force of the leaf spring 23, the two parts 13a and 13b of the tie rod 13 can be moved into each other to the loading door 1 despite a clamping plaster use 7 to be able to open.
  • this collecting space 5 with the actuating drive 8 for the cleaning inserts 7 constitutes a maintenance area
  • this collecting space 5 is advantageously made accessible via a service cover 26.
  • the maintenance cover 26 it is also possible to lift the tow hook 16 from the driving pin 17 to even in case of emergency, the loading door 1 to be able to open when no slip clutch or predetermined breaking point in the course of the rod 12 is provided.
  • the actuating shaft 9 can be rotatably supported in an upwardly open guide bearing 27, which brings with it the advantage that the actuating shaft 9 lifted with the brush inserts 7 without tools from the boiler housing through the closable with the maintenance cover 26 opening of the plenum 5 can be.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Heizkessel gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a heating boiler according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solcher Heizkessel ist z.B. aus der EP 2213940 A2 bekannt.Such a boiler is eg from the EP 2213940 A2 known.

Bei Heizkesseln mit Wärmetauschern in Form von Wärmetauscherrohren, die mit den heißen Rauchgasen der Feuerung beaufschlagt werden, ist es notwendig, die Wärmetauscherrohre zu reinigen, um einen guten Wärmeübergang zwischen den heißen Rauchgasen und dem Kesselwasser auch über längere Zeitspannen zu sichern. Zu diesem Zweck ist es üblich, die Wärmetauscherrohre mit Putzeinsätzen, vorzugsweise Putzwendeln, zu versehen, die mit Hilfe einer Betätigungswelle über Schwenkarme innerhalb der Wärmetauscherrohre axial verlagert werden, um Anlagerungen von Rauchgasrückständen an den Rohrwandungen zu lösen. Erfolgt die Verlagerung der Putzeinsätze über die Betätigungswelle von Hand aus, so besteht die Gefahr, dass die Wärmetauscherrohre nicht in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen gereinigt und dann die Putzeinsätze in den Wärmetauscherrohren durch die Ablagerungen festgehalten werden, was größere Wartungsarbeiten nach sich zieht. Mit einer regelmäßigen Betätigung der Putzeinsätze über einen Antriebsmotor für die Betätigungswelle vergrößert sich jedoch der Konstruktionsaufwand erheblich.For boilers with heat exchangers in the form of heat exchanger tubes, which are acted upon by the hot flue gases of the furnace, it is necessary to clean the heat exchanger tubes to ensure a good heat transfer between the hot flue gases and the boiler water over longer periods. For this purpose, it is customary to provide the heat exchanger tubes with plaster inserts, preferably cleaning helices, which are axially displaced by means of an actuating shaft via pivot arms within the heat exchanger tubes to solve deposits of flue gas residues on the pipe walls. If the displacement of the cleaning inserts on the actuating shaft by hand, so there is a risk that the heat exchanger tubes are not cleaned at regular intervals and then the plaster inserts are held in the heat exchanger tubes by the deposits, which entails major maintenance. With a regular operation of the cleaning inserts via a drive motor for the actuating shaft, however, the design effort increases significantly.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Reinigung der Wärmetauscherrohre der Wärmetauscher von Heizkesseln in mehr oder weniger regelmäßigen Zeitabständen zu sichern, ohne hiefür einen Motorbetrieb vorsehen zu müssen.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to ensure a cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes of the heat exchanger of boilers in more or less regular time intervals, without having to provide an engine operation for this purpose.

Ausgehend von einem Heizkessel der eingangs geschilderten Art löst die Erfindung die gestellte Aufgabe durch einen Heizkessel gemäss Anspruch 1.Starting from a boiler of the type described, the invention solves the problem by a boiler according to claim 1.

Da bei Heizkesseln mit einem Füllraum für festen Brennstoff dieser Füllraum in mehr oder weniger regelmäßigen Zeitabständen mit festem Brennstoff beschickt werden muss, bedingt die Verwendung der Beschickungstür des Füllraums als Antriebsglied des Stelltriebs für die Putzeinsätze eine mit der Füllraumbeschickung gekoppelte Reinigung der Wärmetauscherrohre. Diese Zwangsreinigung beim Beschicken des Heizkessels mit festem Brennstoff bedarf eines vergleichsweise geringen Konstruktionsaufwands, weil ja lediglich die Betätigungswelle über ein Gestänge mit der Beschickungstür antriebsverbunden werden muss.Since in boilers with a filling space for solid fuel this filling space must be charged at more or less regular intervals with solid fuel, the use of the loading door of the filling space as a drive member of the actuator for the cleaning inserts requires a coupled with the Füllraumbeschickung cleaning the heat exchanger tubes. This forced cleaning when loading the boiler with solid fuel requires a relatively low design effort, because so only the actuating shaft must be drive connected via a linkage with the loading door.

Erfindungsgemäss einfache Konstruktionsverhältnisse ergeben sich in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn das Gestänge einen an der Beschickungstür angelenkten, oberhalb des Füllraums verschiebbar geführten Zuganker aufweist, der mit einem Zughaken an einem Mitnehmerbolzen eines Betätigungsarmes der Betätigungswelle angreift. Wird die Beschickungstür im Öffnungssinn verschwenkt, so wird über den Zughaken des Zugankers der Betätigungsarm der Betätigungswelle über den Mitnehmerbolzen verschwenkt und die Putzeinsätze innerhalb der Wärmetauscherrohre axial angehoben. Mit dem Schließen der Beschickungstür ergibt sich eine gegensinnige Verlagerung der Putzeinsätze, allerdings mit dem Nachteil, dass die Verlagerungsgeschwindigkeit von der Schwenkgeschwindigkeit der Beschickungstür abhängt und daher die Gefahr besteht, dass zwar die Wärmetauscherrohre, nicht aber die Putzeinsätze selbst gereinigt werden. Aus diesem Grunde ist erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, dem Zughaken des quer zur Betätigungswelle und quer zu seiner Längsrichtung verlagerbaren Zugankers eine Anlauffläche zum Abheben des Zughakens vom Mitnehmerbolzen des Betätigungsarms beim Öffnen der Beschickungstür zuzuordnen. Dadurch wird nämlich nach einer vorgegebenen Verlagerung der Putzeinsätze der Höhe nach der Zughaken vom Mitnehmerbolzen des Betätigungsarms gelöst, sodass die freigegebene Betätigungswelle ein schwerkraftbedingtes Fallen der Putzeinsätze mit der Wirkung ermöglicht, dass bei einem ruckartigen Bremsen der fallenden Putzeinsätze Ablagerungen von den Putzeinsätzen abfallen. Zu diesem Zweck kann in vorteilhafter Weise der Betätigungswelle ein Drehanschlag für die unterste Lage der Putzeinsätze in den Wärmetauscherrohren zugeordnet werden. Dieser Drehanschlag kann allenfalls insbesondere zur Geräuschdämmung mit einer Dämpfung versehen werden.According to the invention simple construction conditions arise in this context, when the linkage has a hinged to the loading door, above the Füllraums slidably guided tie rod which engages with a pull hook on a driving pin of an actuating arm of the actuating shaft. If the loading door is pivoted in the opening direction, the actuating arm of the actuating shaft is pivoted via the drive pin of the tie rod via the driving pin and the cleaning inserts are axially raised within the heat exchanger tubes. With the closing of the loading door results in an opposite displacement of the cleaning inserts, but with the disadvantage that the displacement speed of the swing speed of the loading door depends and therefore there is a risk that, although the heat exchanger tubes, but not the cleaning plasters themselves be cleaned. For this reason, it is provided according to the invention, the towing hook of the transverse to the actuating shaft and transversely to its longitudinal direction displaceable Tie rod assign a contact surface for lifting the towing hook from the driving pin of the actuating arm when opening the loading door. As a result, after a predetermined displacement of the cleaning inserts, the height of the tow hook is released from the driving pin of the actuating arm so that the released actuating shaft allows a gravity-induced falling of the cleaning inserts with the effect that deposits from the cleaning inserts fall off during a jerky braking of the falling cleaning inserts. For this purpose, a rotation stop for the lowest position of the cleaning inserts in the heat exchanger tubes can be assigned in an advantageous manner to the actuating shaft. This rotation stop can at best be provided in particular for noise reduction with a damping.

Nach dem Freigeben des Mitnehmerbolzens des Betätigungsarms der Betätigungswelle durch den Zughaken des Zugankers muss beim Schließen der Beschickungstür das neuerliche Erfassen des Mitnehmerbolzens durch den Zughaken gewährleistet werden. Hiefür genügt es, den Zughaken mit einer Anlauffläche für den Betätigungsbolzen zu versehen, sodass bei der axialen Verlagerung des Zugankers während der Schließbewegung der Beschickungstür der Zughaken über die Anlauffläche auf den Betätigungsbolzen aufgleitet und dann beim Erreichen des Fangmauls am Betätigungsbolzen zugfest angreift, womit beim neuerlichen Öffnen der Beschickungstür die Mitnahme des Betätigungsarms der Betätigungswelle durch den Zughaken des Zugankers sichergestellt ist.After releasing the driving pin of the actuating arm of the actuating shaft by the towing hook of the tie rod, the renewed detection of the driving pin must be ensured by the towing hook when closing the loading door. For this purpose, it is sufficient to provide the towing hook with a contact surface for the actuating bolt, so that during the closing movement of the tie rod during the closing movement of the loading door of the tow hook slides over the contact surface on the actuating bolt and then tensile strength acts on reaching the catch jaw on the actuating bolt, which at the renewal Opening the loading door, the entrainment of the actuating arm of the actuating shaft is ensured by the towing hook of the tie rod.

Weist das Gestänge zur Antriebsverbindung zwischen der Betätigungswelle und der Beschickungstür eine Rutschkupplung oder eine Sollbruchstelle auf, so kann ein Klemmen eines Putzeinsatzes im zugehörigen Wärmetauscherrohr nicht dazu führen, dass die Beschickungstür nicht mehr geöffnet werden kann. Die Rutschkupplung bzw. die Sollbruchstelle erlaubt bei einer entsprechend höheren Kraftanwendung ein Öffnen der Beschickungstür, wobei zugleich angezeigt wird, dass eine zusätzliche Wartung erforderlich wird. Besonders einfache Konstruktionsverhältnisse ergeben sich in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn das Gestänge zwei teleskopartig ineinander verschiebbare Teile und eine Federrast zwischen diesen beiden Teilen als Rutschkupplung umfasst.If the linkage to the drive connection between the actuating shaft and the loading door has a slip clutch or a predetermined breaking point, jamming of a cleaning insert in the associated heat exchanger tube can not lead to the loading door being able to be opened. The slip clutch or the predetermined breaking point allows for a correspondingly higher force application opening the loading door, at the same time indicating that additional maintenance is required. Particularly simple construction conditions arise in this context, if the linkage comprises two telescopically movable parts and a spring detent between these two parts as a slip clutch.

Wird die Betätigungswelle stirnseitig in nach oben offenen Führungslagern drehbar gehalten, so ergeben sich besonders einfache Montageverhältnisse, weil die Betätigungswelle lediglich von oben in die Führungslager eingesetzt zu werden braucht, was eine Voraussetzung dafür darstellt, dass die Putzeinsätze zusammen mit der Betätigungswelle aus den Wärmetauscherrohren herausgezogen und in diese Wärmetauscherrohre eingesetzt werden können.If the actuating shaft is rotatably supported on the face side in upwardly open guide bearings, the result is particularly simple installation conditions, because the actuating shaft only needs to be inserted from above into the guide bearing, which is a prerequisite for the cleaning inserts to be pulled out of the heat exchanger tubes together with the actuating shaft and can be used in these heat exchanger tubes.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Heizkessel in einer zum Teil aufgerissenen Draufsicht mit abgenommenem Wartungsdeckel,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt nach der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 in einem größeren Maßstab,
Fig. 3
eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung des Heizkessels, jedoch mit geöffneter Beschickungstür und
Fig. 4
eine Rutschkupplung für das Gestänge in einer Draufsicht auf den entsprechenden Gestängeteil in einem größeren Maßstab.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
Fig. 1
a boiler according to the invention in a partially torn plan view with removed maintenance cover,
Fig. 2
a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 on a larger scale,
Fig. 3
one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of the boiler, but with open loading door and
Fig. 4
a slip clutch for the linkage in a plan view of the corresponding linkage part in a larger scale.

Der dargestellte Heizkessel weist in herkömmlicher Weise einen mit einer Beschickungstür 1 versehenen Füllraum 2 für feste Brennstoffe, insbesondere Holzscheite, auf. Die beim Verbrennen des festen Brennstoffs entstehenden heißen Rauchgase werden zum Erwärmen des Kesselwassers 3 genützt, wobei der zu diesem Zweck eingesetzte Wärmetauscher das Kesselwasser 3 vertikal durchsetzende Wärmetauscherrohre 4 umfasst, die von den heißen Rauchgasen durchströmt werden. Die Rauchgase treten nach der Wärmeabgabe an das Kesselwasser 3 über die Wärmetauscherrohre 4 in einem Sammelraum 5 ein, von wo sie über einen Rauchgasabzug 6 abgezogen werden.The boiler shown has in a conventional manner provided with a loading door 1 filling space 2 for solid fuels, especially logs. The resulting when burning the solid fuel hot flue gases are used for heating the boiler water 3, wherein the heat exchanger used for this purpose, the boiler water 3 vertically interspersed heat exchanger tubes 4, which are traversed by the hot flue gases. The flue gases occur after the heat release to the boiler water 3 via the heat exchanger tubes 4 in a plenum 5, from where they are deducted via a flue 6.

Um die Wärmetauscherrohre 4 von sich an der Innenwand anlagernden, festen Rauchgasrückständen reinigen zu können, sind die Wärmetauscherrohre 4 mit Putzeinsätzen 7 versehen, die in Form einer Putzwendel ausgeführt sind, um zusätzlich eine den Wärmeübergang unterstützende Rauchgasströmung zu erreichen. Es können aber auch andere Putzeinsätze Verwendung finden, weil es ja in erster Linie um die Reinigung der Wärmetauscherrohre 4 durch ein axiales Verlagern der Putzeinsätze 7 geht. Zur axialen Verlagerung der Putzeinsätze 7 in den Wärmetauscherrohren 4 ist ein Stelltrieb 8 vorgesehen, der eine Betätigungswelle 9 mit Schwenkarmen 10 umfasst, die über Verbindungslaschen 11 an den Putzeinsätzen 7 angreifen, sodass bei einem Drehen der Betätigungswelle 9 die Putzeinsätze 7 innerhalb der Wärmetauscherrohre 4 axial verlagert werden.In order to clean the heat exchanger tubes 4 by attaching itself to the inner wall, solid flue gas residues, the heat exchanger tubes 4 are provided with plaster inserts 7, which are designed in the form of a cleaning spiral to in addition to achieve a heat transfer supporting flue gas flow. But it can also find other plaster inserts use, because it is primarily about the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 4 by an axial displacement of the cleaning inserts 7. For axial displacement of the cleaning inserts 7 in the heat exchanger tubes 4, an actuator 8 is provided which comprises an actuating shaft 9 with pivot arms 10 which engage via connecting lugs 11 on the cleaning inserts 7, so that upon rotation of the actuating shaft 9, the cleaning inserts 7 within the heat exchanger tubes 4 axially be relocated.

Zum Drehen der Betätigungswelle 9 ist ein Gestänge 12 vorgesehen, das eine Antriebsverbindung zwischen der Betätigungswelle 9 und der Beschickungstür 1 herstellt, sodass mit dem Öffnen der Beschickungstür 1 eine Betätigung der Putzeinsätze 7 und damit eine mehr oder minder regelmäßige Reinigung der Wärmetauscherrohre 4 während des Heizbetriebs des Heizkessels erzwungen wird. Da das Gestänge 12 oberhalb des Füllraums 2 angeordnet ist, ergeben sich besonders einfache Konstruktionsverhältnisse, weil keine Durchführungen durch wasserführende Teile des Kesselgehäuses notwendig werden. Das Gestänge 12 wird durch einen Zuganker 13 gebildet, der mit Hilfe einer Anlenkachse 14 an der Beschickungstür 1 angelenkt ist und oberhalb des Füllraums 2 innerhalb eines Führungsbügels 15 mit Spiel geführt wird. An dem der Anlenkachse 14 gegenüberliegenden Ende ist der Zuganker 13 mit einem Zughaken 16 versehen, der mit einem Mitnehmerbolzen 17 eines Betätigungsarms 18 der Betätigungswelle 9 zusammenwirkt. Dieser Betätigungsarm 18 dient gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel auch als Schwenkarm 10 für einen Putzeinsatz 7, was jedoch nicht der Fall sein muss.For rotating the actuating shaft 9, a linkage 12 is provided which produces a drive connection between the actuating shaft 9 and the loading door 1, so that with the opening of the loading door 1, an actuation of the cleaning inserts 7 and thus a more or less regular cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 4 during the heating operation of the boiler is forced. Since the linkage 12 is arranged above the filling space 2, particularly simple construction conditions result because no passages through water-bearing parts of the boiler housing become necessary. The linkage 12 is formed by a tie rod 13 which is articulated by means of a pivot axis 14 on the loading door 1 and is guided above the filling space 2 within a guide bracket 15 with play. At the opposite end of the pivot axis 14 of the tie rod 13 is provided with a draw hook 16 which cooperates with a driving pin 17 of an actuating arm 18 of the actuating shaft 9. This actuator arm 18 is used according to the embodiment as a pivot arm 10 for a cleaning insert 7, but this need not be the case.

Wie den Fig. 2 und 3 entnommen werden kann, ist dem Zughaken 16 eine Anlauffläche 19 zugeordnet, die mit einem gehäusefesten Anschlag 20 des Heizkessels zusammenwirkt und beim Öffnen der Beschickungstür 1 aus der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Schließlage in die Offenstellung nach der Fig. 3 auf den Anschlag 20 aufläuft. Der Zughaken 16 verschwenkt somit zunächst die Betätigungswelle 9 über den Betätigungsarm 18, wobei die Putzeinstäze 7 in den Wärmetauscherrohren 4 angehoben werden. Mit zunehmender Öffnung der Beschickungstür gleitet die Anlauffläche 19 zunehmend auf den Anschlag 20 auf, sodass der Zughaken 16 vom Mitnehmerbolzen 17 zunehmend abgehoben wird und in der Offenstellung der Beschickungstür 1 den Mitnehmerbolzen 17 freigibt. Die Freigabe des Mitnehmerbolzens 17 durch den Zughaken 16 bewirkt ein schwerkraftbedingtes Abfallen der Putzeinsätze 7 in den Wärmetauscherrohren 4. Dieses Abfallen wird durch einen Drehanschlag 21 für die Betätigungswelle 9 ruckartig gebremst. Die damit verbundene stoßartige Belastung der Putzeinsätze 7 bewirkt ein Abfallen der festen Rauchgasrückstände von den Putzeinsätzen 7, was eine zusätzliche Reinigungswirkung für die Putzeinsätze mit sich bringt. Der Drehanschlag 21 für die Betätigungswelle 9 kann dabei vorteilhaft durch einen Ansatz der Schwenkarme 10 gebildet werden.Like that Fig. 2 and 3 can be removed, the towing hook 16 is assigned a contact surface 19 which cooperates with a housing-fixed stop 20 of the boiler and when opening the loading door 1 from the in Fig. 2 shown closed position in the open position after the Fig. 3 runs onto the stop 20. The towing hook 16 thus initially pivots the actuating shaft 9 via the actuating arm 18, wherein the cleaning punches 7 in the Heat exchanger tubes 4 are raised. With increasing opening of the loading door, the thrust surface 19 increasingly slides on the stop 20, so that the tow hook 16 is increasingly lifted from the driving pin 17 and in the open position of the loading door 1, the driving pin 17 releases. The release of the driving pin 17 by the draw hook 16 causes a gravity-induced drop of the cleaning inserts 7 in the heat exchanger tubes 4. This drop is braked by a rotation stop 21 for the actuating shaft 9 jerky. The associated shock load of the cleaning inserts 7 causes a drop in the solid flue gas residues from the cleaning inserts 7, which brings an additional cleaning effect for the cleaning operations with it. The rotation stop 21 for the actuating shaft 9 can be advantageously formed by a projection of the pivot arms 10.

Da durch das Abfallen der Putzeinsätze 7 die Antriebsverbindung zwischen dem Zuganker 13 und dem Betätigungsarm 18 gelöst wird, muss diese Antriebsverbindung beim Schließen der Beschickungstür 1 wieder hergestellt werden. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Zughaken 16 eine Anlauffläche 22 für den Mitnehmerbolzen 17 des Betätigungsarms 18 auf. Mit dem Schließen der Beschickungstür 1 wird der Zuganker 13 gegen den Mitnehmerbolzen 17 vorgeschoben, sodass der Zughaken 16 entlang der Anlauffläche 22 über den Mitnehmerbolzen 17 angehoben wird, um anschließend in die Fangstellung nach der Fig. 2 abzufallen. Mit dem Öffnen der Beschickungstür 1 wiederholt sich somit der geschilderte Putzvorgang.Since the drive connection between the tie rod 13 and the actuating arm 18 is released by the fall of the cleaning inserts 7, this drive connection must be restored when closing the loading door 1. For this purpose, the towing hook 16 has a contact surface 22 for the driving pin 17 of the actuating arm 18. With the closing of the loading door 1, the tie rod 13 is advanced against the driving pin 17, so that the tow hook 16 is raised along the contact surface 22 via the driving pin 17, to subsequently in the catching position after the Fig. 2 drop. With the opening of the loading door 1 thus repeats the described cleaning process.

Um einerseits die Drehbewegung der Beschickungstür 1 und anderseits die Höhenverlagerung des Zughakens 16 zu berücksichtigen, ist der Zuganker 13 auf der Anlenkachse 14 der Beschickungstür 1 begrenzt verschwenkbar zu lagern. Außerdem bedarf es im Bereich des Führungsbügels 15 eines ausreichenden Führungsspiels nicht nur der Seite, sondern auch der Höhe nach.In order to take into account, on the one hand, the rotational movement of the loading door 1 and, on the other hand, the vertical displacement of the towing hook 16, the tie rod 13 is to be mounted on the pivoting axle 14 of the loading door 1 so as to be limitedly pivotable. In addition, it requires in the area of the guide bracket 15 of a sufficient leadership game not only the side, but also the height.

Damit ein mögliches Festklemmen eines Putzeinsatzes 7 in einem Wärmetauscherrohr 4 die Beschickung des Heizkessels mit Brennstoff nicht in Frage stellen kann, kann im Zuge des Gestänges 12 eine Rutschkupplung oder eine Sollbruchstelle vorgesehen werden, die bei einer vergrößerten Kraftaufwendung zum Öffnen der Beschickungstür 1 zur Wirkung kommt und den Heizbetrieb sichert, dann allerdings ohne Reinigung der Wärmetauscherrohre 4. In der Fig. 4 ist eine solche Rutschkupplung für das Gestänge 12 dargestellt. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Zuganker 13 zwei ineinander teleskopartig verschiebbare Teile 13a und 13b sowie eine Federrast 23 auf, die die beiden Teile 13a und 13b des Zugankers 13 in der Gebrauchsstellung verriegelt. Die Federrast 23 selbst wird durch eine Blattfeder 24 auf dem einen Teil 13a und eine Rastausnehmung 25 im anderen Teil 13b gebildet, sodass bei einer Überwindung der Federkraft der Blattfeder 23 die beiden Teile 13a und 13b des Zugankers 13 ineinander verschoben werden können, um die Beschickungstür 1 trotz eines klemmenden Putzeinsatzes 7 öffnen zu können.So that a possible clamping of a plaster insert 7 in a heat exchanger tube 4, the charging of the boiler with fuel can not be in question, in the course of the rod 12, a slip clutch or a Predetermined breaking point to be provided, which comes at an increased force to open the loading door 1 to the effect and ensures the heating operation, but then without cleaning the heat exchanger tubes 4. In the Fig. 4 Such a slip clutch for the linkage 12 is shown. For this purpose, the tie rod 13 has two telescopically displaceable parts 13a and 13b and a spring catch 23 which locks the two parts 13a and 13b of the tie rod 13 in the position of use. The spring catch 23 itself is formed by a leaf spring 24 on one part 13a and a latching recess 25 in the other part 13b, so that when overcoming the spring force of the leaf spring 23, the two parts 13a and 13b of the tie rod 13 can be moved into each other to the loading door 1 despite a clamping plaster use 7 to be able to open.

Da der Sammelraum 5 mit dem Stelltrieb 8 für die Putzeinsätze 7 einen Wartungsbereich darstellt, wird dieser Sammelraum 5 vorteilhaft über einen Wartungsdeckel 26 zugänglich gemacht. Über den Wartungsdeckel 26 ist es außerdem möglich, den Zughaken 16 vom Mitnehmerbolzen 17 abzuheben, um im Notfall die Beschickungstür 1 auch dann Öffnen zu können, wenn keine Rutschkupplung oder Sollbruchstelle im Zuge des Gestänges 12 vorgesehen ist.Since the collecting space 5 with the actuating drive 8 for the cleaning inserts 7 constitutes a maintenance area, this collecting space 5 is advantageously made accessible via a service cover 26. About the maintenance cover 26, it is also possible to lift the tow hook 16 from the driving pin 17 to even in case of emergency, the loading door 1 to be able to open when no slip clutch or predetermined breaking point in the course of the rod 12 is provided.

Wie den Fig. 2 und 3 entnommen werden kann, kann die Betätigungswelle 9 in einem nach oben offenen Führungslager 27 drehbar gehalten werden, was den Vorteil mit sich bringt, dass die Betätigungswelle 9 mit den Putzeinsätzen 7 werkzeuglos aus dem Kesselgehäuse durch die mit dem Wartungsdeckel 26 verschließbare Öffnung des Sammelraums 5 gehoben werden kann.Like that Fig. 2 and 3 can be removed, the actuating shaft 9 can be rotatably supported in an upwardly open guide bearing 27, which brings with it the advantage that the actuating shaft 9 lifted with the brush inserts 7 without tools from the boiler housing through the closable with the maintenance cover 26 opening of the plenum 5 can be.

Claims (6)

  1. Boiler having a filling chamber (2) which can be loaded with solid fuel via a loading door (1), having a heat exchanger which comprises vertical heat exchanger pipes (4) through which flue gases flow, having cleaning inserts (7) which can be axially displaced in the heat exchanger pipes (4) and a control drive (8) for the cleaning inserts (7) including an actuation shaft (9) having pivot arms (10) for displacing the individual cleaning inserts (7), wherein the actuation shaft (9) is drivingly connected to the loading door (1) via a linkage (12) which comprises a tie rod (13) articulated to the loading door (1) and engaging an actuation arm (18) of the actuation shaft (9), characterised in that the tie rod (13) displaceably guided above the filling chamber (2) engages, with a coupling hook (16), a tappet (17) of the actuation arm (18) of the actuation shaft (9), and in that allocated to the coupling hook (16) of the tie rod (13), which can be displaced transversely to the actuation shaft (9) and transversely to the longitudinal direction thereof, is a contact surface (19) for raising the coupling hook (16) from the tappet (17) of the actuation arm (18) when the loading door (1) is opened.
  2. Boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that allocated to the actuation shaft (9) is a rotary stop (21) for the lowermost position of the cleaning inserts (7) in the heat exchanger pipes (4).
  3. Boiler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the coupling hook (16) comprises a further contact surface (22) for the tappet (17).
  4. Boiler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the linkage (12) comprises a friction coupling or a pull linkage for the drive connection between the actuation shaft (9) and the loading door (1).
  5. Boiler as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the linkage (12) comprises two parts (13a, 13b) which can be displaced one inside the other in a telescopic manner and a spring latch (23) between these two parts (13a, 13b) as the friction coupling.
  6. Boiler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the actuation shaft (9) is rotatably mounted on the end face in upwardly open guide bearings (27).
EP11455002.3A 2010-10-12 2011-10-10 Boiler Active EP2442046B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT16912010A AT510680B1 (en) 2010-10-12 2010-10-12 BOILER

Publications (3)

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EP2442046A2 EP2442046A2 (en) 2012-04-18
EP2442046A3 EP2442046A3 (en) 2014-08-27
EP2442046B1 true EP2442046B1 (en) 2016-06-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11455002.3A Active EP2442046B1 (en) 2010-10-12 2011-10-10 Boiler

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AT (1) AT510680B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5799622A (en) * 1997-06-30 1998-09-01 Decker Manufacturing Furnace heat exchanger tube cleaning system
DE102007009426A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Solid fuel boilers
GB2447952B (en) * 2007-03-29 2013-01-30 Alley Enterprises Ltd A solid fuel boiler
CA2648454C (en) * 2008-01-02 2016-06-28 Dunkirk Metal Products, Inc. High efficiency wood or biomass boiler
SE534371C2 (en) * 2009-01-30 2011-07-26 Ariterm Sweden Ab Cleaning device for pellet-fired heating stoves

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AT510680A1 (en) 2012-05-15
EP2442046A3 (en) 2014-08-27
EP2442046A2 (en) 2012-04-18
AT510680B1 (en) 2012-08-15

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