EP2438750A1 - Halbleiterstruktur, insbesondere bib-detektor mit einem depfet als ausleseelement, sowie entsprechendes betriebsverfahren - Google Patents
Halbleiterstruktur, insbesondere bib-detektor mit einem depfet als ausleseelement, sowie entsprechendes betriebsverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2438750A1 EP2438750A1 EP10721987A EP10721987A EP2438750A1 EP 2438750 A1 EP2438750 A1 EP 2438750A1 EP 10721987 A EP10721987 A EP 10721987A EP 10721987 A EP10721987 A EP 10721987A EP 2438750 A1 EP2438750 A1 EP 2438750A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal charge
- charge carriers
- transistor
- semiconductor
- semiconductor structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F30/00—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors
- H10F30/20—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H10F30/21—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H10F30/28—Individual radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices in which radiation controls the flow of current through the devices, e.g. photodetectors the devices having potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors the devices being sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation the devices being characterised by field-effect operation, e.g. junction field-effect phototransistors
- H10F30/282—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET], e.g. MISFET [metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor] phototransistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/14—Shape of semiconductor bodies; Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of semiconductor regions within semiconductor bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an operating method for a semiconductor structure, in particular for a readout element (for example a DEPFET: depleted field effect transistor), in a semiconductor detector, in particular in a BIB detector (BIB: Bored Impurity Band). Furthermore, the invention relates to a correspondingly formed semiconductor structure.
- a readout element for example a DEPFET: depleted field effect transistor
- BIB detector Bored Impurity Band
- BIB detectors are known from numerous publications, for example EP 0 271 522 A1, EP 0 110 977 B1, EP 0 110 977 A1, US Pat. No. 4,956,687 A, US Pat. No. 4,568,960 A, US Pat. No. 4,507,674 A, WO 1988 / 00397 Al and WO 1983/04456 Al.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a clearing mechanism which makes it possible for a DEPFET to effectively extinguish the signal charge carriers accumulated in the internal gate of the DEPFET even at extremely low temperatures and to remove them from the internal gate.
- the invention is based on the technical-physical realization that the signal charge carriers accumulated in the internal gate of the DEPFET are usually trapped at very low temperatures in a potential well at a storage site, so that the signal charge carriers are not freely movable, which is a distance the signal charge carrier from the internal gate prevents or at least impedes.
- the invention therefore encompasses the general technical teaching of freeing the signal charge carriers from their potential wells in the internal gate of the DEPFET by means of the tunnel effect known per se.
- the invention therefore provides in that an electrical tunnel field is generated in the region of the internal gate, so that the signal charge carriers located in the potential well of the internal gate can tunnel out of the potential well of the internal gate into a conduction band in which the Ci are movable v / as a distance of the signal charge carriers from the internal gate allows.
- the tunnel field can be generated in the case of a transistor structure, for example by a suitable electrical control of the source, drain and / or gate of the transistor structure.
- the invention is not limited to those semiconductor structures in which the tunneling field is generated by the non-existent contacts (e.g., gate, source, drain) of the semiconductor structure. Rather, it is also conceivable that the semiconductor structure according to the invention has one or more additional contacts in order to generate the tunnel field.
- the inventive idea of mobilizing signal charge carriers by means of the tunnel effect can be realized not only with DEPFETs which serve as a readout element in a BIB detector. Rather, the inventive principle of exploiting the tunnel effect for mobilizing stored signal charge carriers is also generally feasible in semiconductor structures which serve as a readout element in a semiconductor detector. In addition, the inventive principle of exploiting the tunnel effect can also be used generally in semiconductor structures which have a memory area in which radiation-generated signal charge carriers are accumulated. As an example of such an application of the principle according to the invention are CCD detectors (CCD: Charge Coupled Devices) to call, which are known per se from the prior art and therefore need not be described in detail.
- CCD detectors CCD: Charge Coupled Devices
- the invention can also be implemented in a floating-gate amplifier, as described, for example, in RP KRAFT et al .: "Soft X-ray spectroscopy with sub-electron read-only charge coupled devices", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A , v. 361, p. 372-383.
- the semiconductor detector prefferably be an RNDR detector (RNDR: Repetitive non-destructive edge-out), as is known per se from the prior art (see S. W ⁇ LFEL et al.: "A novel way of single optical photon detection: Beating the 1 / f noise Ii with ultra high resolution DEPFET-RNDR devices", IEEE-TNS VoI 54, No 4, Part 3 (2007) 1311-1318) ,
- the inventive concept for erasing the signal charge carriers from the memory area preferably provides that the signal charge carriers tunneled out of the potential well into the conduction band by means of the tunnel effect drift out of the memory area.
- the possibility that the tuned into the conduction band signal charge carriers solely by diffusion processes from the Out of memory area is specifically supported by an electrical drift field, which in the context of the invention is designated as an erase field and is generated by means of an erase contact. The generation of such erase fields is known per se from conventional DEPFETs and therefore need not be described in detail.
- the invention for erasing the signal charge carriers accumulated in the memory area, it is possible for the signal charge carriers tunneled into the conduction band to be trapped again by an impurity in the semiconductor structure after a short distance, as a result of which the deletion process is hindered.
- the invention therefore preferably provides that the deletion of the signal charge carriers is repeated several times in order to remove as far as possible all signal charge carriers from the storage area.
- the tunnel field generates a potential well at the location of an impurity, so that the potential well of the tunnel field should be spatially displaced between the successive quenching processes in order to avoid that the signal electrons are again captured by the impurities.
- This spatial displacement of the potential well of the tunnel field between the successive deletions can take place in different directions.
- the potential well of the tunnel field in the semiconductor structure can be displaced in the lateral direction essentially parallel to the current direction or to the conduction channel of the transistor structure.
- the potential well of the tunnel field in the lateral direction substantially transversely and preferably at right angles to the current direction or to the conduction channel of the transistor current is shifted.
- the potential well of the tunnel field is displaced in the vertical direction between the successive deleting processes.
- the memory area is preferably an internal gate of a transistor structure, wherein the signal charge carriers accumulated in the internal gate control the transistor current.
- the above-mentioned erasure or drift field can hereby optionally be oriented transversely to the current direction of the transistor current or transversely to the line channel of the transistor structure, so that the
- an erase contact is provided for generating the erase field, as is the case with conventional DEPFETs.
- the erase contact can optionally be arranged with respect to the current direction of the transistor current laterally next to the line channel or in channel direction in front of or behind the transistor structure.
- the mechanism according to the invention for erasing the signal charge carriers accumulated in the storage area also works at extremely low temperatures, as already mentioned above.
- the semiconductor detector eg a BIB detector
- the semiconductor structure eg a readout element, in particular in the form of a DEPFET
- the invention also encompasses a correspondingly designed semiconductor structure with a cancellation device which generates the aforementioned tunnel field.
- the LoW direction preferably also has a clear contact to the above Driftg. Loschfeld in the semiconductor structure to produce.
- Figure 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a
- DEPFETs which is used as a readout element of a BIB detector
- FIG. 2 shows a micro-potential well at a storage location as a function of the field strength prevailing in the vicinity of the storage site
- FIG. 3 shows various states of the macro potential well in the internal gate of the DEPFET according to FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 shows the time profile of the voltages applied to the external electrodes (source, clear gate and clear) in the case of the DEPFET according to FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows, as an alternative, possible curves of the voltages applied to the external electrode 1 " 1 (gate, clear-gate and clear),
- FIG. 6A is a plan view of an annular DEPFET
- FIG. 6B shows a cross-sectional view through the DEPFET according to FIG. 6A along the line A-A, FIG.
- FIG. 7A shows the profile of the electrical potential in the DEPFET according to FIGS. 6A and 6B along the line
- FIG. 7B shows the course of the electrical potential in the FIG.
- Figure 9 is a perspective and partially cutaway view of an annular DEPFET.
- FIG. 1 shows a DEPFET 1 (DEPFET: Depleted Field Effect Transistor) which is used as a readout element for a BIB detector (BIB: Blocked Impuncty Band), the BIB detector not being shown for the sake of simplicity.
- DEPFET Depleted Field Effect Transistor
- BIB detector Blocked Impuncty Band
- the DEPFET 1 has a depleted in operation and heavily n-doped semiconductor substrate HS, which is bounded on its underside by a heavily n-doped back contact RK, wherein the back contact RK an intrinsic carrier substrate TS connects, which achieves the required mechanical stability.
- the DEPFET 1 has a heavily p-doped source S and a heavily p-doped drain D, wherein a conduction channel K extends between the source S and the drain D, through which a controllable transistor current flows during operation.
- the transistor current flowing through the conduction channel K can be controlled by an external gate G, which is located at the top of the DEPFET 1 above the conduction channel K.
- the transistor current flowing through the conduction channel K can be controlled by an internal gate IG, which is buried in the semiconductor substrate HS below the conduction channel K.
- an internal gate IG which is buried in the semiconductor substrate HS below the conduction channel K.
- radiation-generated signal charge carriers 2 accumulate in the internal gate IG, so that the signal charge carriers 2 accumulated in the internal gate IG accumulate. also control the transistor current through the conduit K, which thus forms a measure of the detected radiation.
- drain D is connected to an amplifier 3, which is shown here only schematically.
- the DEPFET 1 has an erase means for erasing the signal charge carriers 2 accumulated in the internal gate IG, i. to be removed from the internal gate IG.
- the L ⁇ sch shark consists essentially of a clear gate CLG and a heavily n-doped quenching CL.
- the erasing direction makes it possible to generate a erasure field in the DEPFET 1, the erase field being aligned transversely to the line channel K, so that the signal carrier 2 is erased transversely to the line Route duct K out of internal gate IG.
- FIG. 2 now shows the profile of a potential well which arises in the internal gate IG at an impurity.
- different field strengths which are generated by means of a tunneling field in the DEPFET 1, are shown in different versions of the Mikr_o-pptent_ialjtppf_s for_ve_r_.
- the dot-dash line here shows the course of the potential well without a tunnel field. In this state, the signal charge carriers 2 are trapped in the micro-potential well and can not be removed from the internal gate IG in the event of an erase process or only with a very low probability.
- the dashed curve shows the course of the micro-well with a relatively weak tunnel field with a field strength of 5 kV / cm. It can be seen that the Potential well is distorted, whereby the statistical probability is increased that the signal carriers 2 tunnel out of the potential well into the conduction band.
- the solid line shows the course of the potential tap with a tunnel field of 10 kV / cm.
- the signal charge carriers 2 can tunnel out of the potential well into the conduction band, where the signal charge carriers 2 are then freely movable, which is utilized in the context of the invention for deleting the internal gate IG.
- the tunnel field shown in FIG. 2 with a solid line thus makes it possible to extinguish the signal charge carriers 2 accumulated in the internal gate IG even at the very low temperatures of up to 5 K which are required during operation of the BIB detector.
- FIG. 3 shows the displacement of the macroscopic potential well in the internal gate IG of the DEPFET 1, wherein the displacement can be caused by an applied voltage at the source S and / or at the external gate G_ and / or another external electrode.
- the roughly dashed lines are intended here to indicate flat storages in which the signal charge carriers 2 freeze at the low temperatures which are required during operation of the BIB detector. By means of a sufficiently high electric field, these signal charge carriers 2 can be emitted into the conduction band.
- a voltage applied from the outside shifts the macroscopic potential well (indicated by the fine dashed line). This means that, at the point where the potential minimum was previously, a high field results, which causes the signal charge carriers 2 to tunnel into the conduction band.
- the signal charge carriers 2 are now freely movable in the conduction band, they drift to the new potential minimum. mum and freeze there again. This ensures that the signal charge carriers 2 in the vertical direction (not shown here) can diffuse or drift to an erase contact. By repeated repetition increases the residence time of the signal charge carriers 2 in the conduction band, whereby the internal gate IG is deleted.
- FIG. 4 shows the course of the electrical potentials at the erase area CL, the clear gate CLG and the source S of the DEPFET 1 according to FIG. 1 when the internal gate IG is extinguished.
- the application of the clear gate CLG and the erase area CL serves to generate in the DEPFET 1 a drift field which is aligned transversely to the line channel K, so that the signal electrons 2 transversely to the line channel K from the internal Drift gate IG.
- FIG. 5 shows an alternative to the application of the erase area CL, the clear gate CLG and the gate G in the DEPFET 1 to erase the internal gate IG.
- the tunnel field is therefore not affected by an application of the source
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show an alternative embodiment of a DEPFET 1, which is described in detail in DE 10 2004 003 283 Al, so that the content of this document is fully within the scope of the present specification in terms of the operation and construction of DEPFET 1.
- a tunnel field can be generated by the above-described electrical activation of the gate G, the source S and / or the dram clear gate DCG, so that the signal charge carriers stored in the internal gate IG are cleared for erasing Tunneling line can be tunneled where they are freely movable.
- FIG. 7A shows, without a tunnel field according to the invention, the profile of the electrical potential in the DEPFET 1 below the gate G along the line BB in FIG. 6A, the X axis being the distance from the boundary between the drain-clear gate DCG and the gate G. reproduces. It can be seen from this illustration that in the DEPFET 1, within the internal gate IG, a potential well forms between the drain-clear gate DCG and the source S, in which signal electrons are trapped.
- FIG. 7B shows the variation of the potential P along the line B-B in FIG. 6A with a tunnel field which is generated by a suitable electrical activation of the source S, the gate G and / or the dram clear gate DCG.
- the signal charge carriers 2 accumulated in the internal gate IG can then tunnel into the conduction band and are freely movable there to drift to the clear region CL.
- step S2 the source S with a tunnel r ⁇ otenti3l is then e mentallyt to g so that can tunnel in de TM "* ⁇ n gate IG accumulated signal charge carriers 2 from the potential well out into the conduction band, where The signal charge carriers 2 can then move freely, the step S2 thus corresponds to the variant according to FIG 3, after which the
- Source S is driven to generate the tunnel field.
- step S3 the clear gate CLG and the clear area CL are then activated in accordance with FIG. 4 in order to generate a cancellation or drift field.
- the tunneling field is then shifted accordingly to allow tunneling of signal charge carriers into the conduction band which have again been trapped by a storage site.
- step S6 it is then checked whether the payer n has exceeded a predetermined maximum value n MAX .
- FIG. 9 shows a modification of the DEPFET 1 according to FIG. 1, so that reference is made to the above description to avoid repetition, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
- a tunnel field can be generated by the above-described electrical activation of the gate G and / or the source S, so that the signal charge carriers stored in the internal gate IG can tunnel into the conduction band for erasing, where they are are freely movable.
Landscapes
- Non-Volatile Memory (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009023807A DE102009023807A1 (de) | 2009-06-03 | 2009-06-03 | Halbleiterstruktur, insbesondere BIB-Detektor mit einem DEPFET als Ausleseelement, sowie entsprechendes Betriebsverfahren |
| PCT/EP2010/002951 WO2010139391A1 (de) | 2009-06-03 | 2010-05-12 | Halbleiterstruktur, insbesondere bib-detektor mit einem depfet als ausleseelement, sowie entsprechendes betriebsverfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2438750A1 true EP2438750A1 (de) | 2012-04-11 |
Family
ID=42307929
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10721987A Withdrawn EP2438750A1 (de) | 2009-06-03 | 2010-05-12 | Halbleiterstruktur, insbesondere bib-detektor mit einem depfet als ausleseelement, sowie entsprechendes betriebsverfahren |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120097859A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2438750A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009023807A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010139391A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113725243B (zh) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-11-07 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | 一种Ge长波红外太赫兹探测器阵列和制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4357571A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1982-11-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | FET Module with reference source chargeable memory gate |
| US4568960A (en) | 1980-10-23 | 1986-02-04 | Rockwell International Corporation | Blocked impurity band detectors |
| US4507674A (en) | 1982-06-07 | 1985-03-26 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Backside illuminated blocked impurity band infrared detector |
| US4956687A (en) | 1986-06-26 | 1990-09-11 | Santa Barbara Research Center | Backside contact blocked impurity band detector |
| JPH01500536A (ja) | 1986-06-26 | 1989-02-23 | サンタ・バーバラ・リサーチ・センター | 半導体放射線検出器 |
| WO2000028337A2 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-18 | Onguard Systems, Inc. | Electronic circuit with a non-continuous discharge path |
| US6207983B1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2001-03-27 | Nec Corporation | Charge transfer device, and driving method and manufacturing method for the same |
| DE102004004283A1 (de) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-25 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Halbleiterstruktur |
| KR100776146B1 (ko) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-15 | 매그나칩 반도체 유한회사 | 화소를 버스트 리셋 동작과 통합하여 개선된 성능을 갖는cmos이미지 센서 |
| EP1873834B1 (de) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-12-10 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Löschbarriere, insbesondere für einem Halbleiterdetektor, und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren |
| DE102007017640B3 (de) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-09-04 | MAX-PLANCK-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Halbleiterdetektor und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren |
-
2009
- 2009-06-03 DE DE102009023807A patent/DE102009023807A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-05-12 WO PCT/EP2010/002951 patent/WO2010139391A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-05-12 US US13/376,300 patent/US20120097859A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-05-12 EP EP10721987A patent/EP2438750A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010139391A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120097859A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| WO2010139391A1 (de) | 2010-12-09 |
| DE102009023807A1 (de) | 2010-12-09 |
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