Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
  • F23D1/04—Burners producing cylindrical flames without centrifugal action
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
  • F23D2201/10—Nozzle tips
  • F23D2201/101—Nozzle tips tiltable

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a burner for introducing solid particulate fuel to a burning zone of a kiln such as a rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker or similar, said burner comprising a centrally located duct for conducting solid fuel to an inlet opening and at least one duct for conducting primary air to one or more annular nozzles surrounding the inlet opening of the centrally located duct.
• Burners of the aforementioned kind are well-known.
• the central duct for conveying solid fuel in these known burners is configured as one single piece of a long pipe, the extent of which typically runs parallel and concentric to the longitudinal axis of the burner so that the fuel is introduced to the burning zone in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner and consequently also to the surrounding primary air.
• Experiments conducted by the applicant of this patent application with different types of solid fuel with different particle sizes, forms and densities proved that the optimum fuel burnout will not always take place when using parallel introduction.
• fine-grained fuels such as coal meal achieve the best burnout when introduced parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner
• coarse-grained fuels such as various types of alternative fuel, including e.g. plastics, paper, rubber and wood chips
• achieve the best burnout when entered at an upward angle to the longitudinal axis of the burner Attempts have been made to meet the various requirements of the range of solid fuels as regards i.a. the direction of introduction by configuring the burner with more ducts for the introduction of various solid fuel types, see e.g. WO 2008-065554 owned by the applicant of this patent application, the content of which patent is hereby claimed to be included herein.
• this is achieved by a burner of the kind mentioned in the introduction and characterized in that the centrally located duct for conducting solid fuel is arranged so that the direction of introduction of the fuel relative to the longitudinal axis of the burner and consequently the direction of introduction of the primary air may be adjusted continuously during operation of the burner.
• the centrally located duct for conducting solid fuels may be designed in any way which enables the continuous adjustment of the direction of introduction of the fuel relative to the longitudinal axis of the burner during its operation.
• the duct may be configured as a long pipe which at a point along its length is pivotally suspended from a hinge, and which is connected to a mechanism for rotating the pipe suspended from the hinge up and down in a vertical plane.
• the solid fuel duct or pipe is surrounded by at least one annular duct, the inner pipe of which defines a pressurised chamber, which by at least one plate is blanked off at the inlet end of the burner, said plate being provided with an opening for the leading through of the solid fuel duct.
• the solid fuel duct is pivotally suspended from a hinge, which is placed immediately next to the opening. If necessary, the gap may be sealed using appropriate flexible sealants.
• the pressurised chamber mentioned above is not demarcated from the inner duct for the injection of primary air, but forms a part thereof.
• Burners of the aforementioned type are usually approximately ten metres long, and the achievable change to the direction of introduction of the solid fuel would therefore be limited to a very narrow interval if the solid fuel duct consists of a long, non- flexible pipe. It is therefore preferred that the solid fuel duct is configured of at least two parts being connected to each other by means of a flexible connection, such as a resilient hose made of, for instance, reinforced rubber, a ball joint or similar.
• the connection between the two parts of the duct does not need to be air-tight as it is preferred to maintain the pressure outside the duct at a higher level than the pressure in the solid fuel duct.
• the duct may be formed in full or in part of a flexible hose, such as a reinforced rubber hose, which may be moved using a suitable mechanism between the two extreme positions as regards adjustment of the direction of fuel introduction.
• the burner may include additional ducts for the introduction of other types of fuel, such as oil and gas.
• Figure Ia shows a cross-section of the inlet end of a burner according to the invention, which is set for the introduction of coarse-grained solid fuel, and
• Figure Ib shows the same burner set for the introduction of fine-grained solid fuel.
• FIGs Ia and Ib depict a burner meant for the introduction of various types of solid particulate fuels to the burning zone of a kiln.
• the burner comprises a centrally located duct 1 for conducting solid fuel to an inlet opening 16 and two annular, concentric ducts 3, 4 for conducting primary air to an annular nozzle 17, which ducts 3, 4 and nozzle 17 surround the central fuel duct 1 and the inlet opening 16 respectively.
• the solid fuel duct 1 is surrounded by the annular duct 3, the inner pipe 2 of which defines a pressurised chamber 15, which at the inlet end of the burner is blanked off by two plates 13, which are provided with an opening 14 for the leading through of the solid fuel duct 1.
• the duct 1 for conducting solid fuels is arranged so that the direction 5 of introduction of the fuel relative to the longitudinal axis 6 of the burner and consequently the direction of introduction of the primary air may be adjusted continuously during operation of the burner.
• the burner may be set to take into account the fact that fine-grained fuels, such as coal meal, achieve the best burnout when introduced parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner, as shown in Figure Ib, whilst coarse-grained fuels, such as various types of alternative fuel, including i.a. plastics, paper, rubber and wood chips, achieve the best burnout when introduced at an upward angle to the longitudinal axis of the burner, as shown in Figure Ia.
• the direction 5 of introduction of the solid fuel relative to the longitudinal axis 6 of the burner and consequently the direction 7 of introduction of the primary air may be adjusted to the optimum direction for the solid fuels introduced at any time notwithstanding the type or mixing ratio of these.
• the solid fuel duct 1 comprises two duct parts 8 and 9 which are connected to each other by means of a suitable connection 10, such as a flexible hose or a ball joint.
• the duct part 9 is pivotally suspended from a hinge 11 placed im- mediately next to the opening 14 and may be rotated vertically up and down via a mechanism 12 connected to the duct part 8 in the current version, consequently altering the direction 5 of introduction of the fuel.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
• Chutes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=42237360

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (38)

• 2010
  • 2010-04-23 AU AU2010240471A patent/AU2010240471B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-04-23 JP JP2012506629A patent/JP2012527594A/ja active Pending
  • 2010-04-23 WO PCT/IB2010/051800 patent/WO2010122529A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2010-04-23 CN CN2010800258085A patent/CN102803849A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-04-23 BR BRPI1013568A patent/BRPI1013568A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-04-23 RU RU2011147503/06A patent/RU2011147503A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-04-23 EP EP10717846A patent/EP2422134A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-04-23 CA CA2760072A patent/CA2760072A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-04-23 US US13/265,895 patent/US20120037054A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-04-23 UA UAA201113391A patent/UA99576C2/ru unknown
  • 2010-04-23 MX MX2011011221A patent/MX2011011221A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2011
  • 2011-11-16 ZA ZA2011/08419A patent/ZA201108419B/en unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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