Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
  • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
  • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
  • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
  • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
  • H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
  • H01B3/445—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds from vinylfluorides or other fluoroethylenic compounds
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
  • H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
  • F16C2208/80—Thermosetting resins
  • F16C2208/90—Phenolic resin

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to claim 1 for the preparation of an electrical insulation bearing ring for a rolling bearing, a
• current-isolated bearings known from the prior art are designed to suppress the passage of direct current through the bearing.
• an insulation in particular an electrically insulating coating, applied to one of the bearing rings, so that a high electrical breakdown field strength is required to allow passage of current through the bearing.
• DE 1 243 944 B describes a phosphate layer as electrical insulation on an outer surface of the body of a bearing ring of a rolling bearing.
• the phosphate layer is applied wet-chemically.
• DE 101 37 785 A1 describes a method for forming an electrical insulation of a bearing ring for a rolling bearing, wherein a sprayed or sprayed ceramic layer is applied to a surface of a body of the bearing ring.
• an insulating layer is provided, which surrounds the body of the bearing ring at least partially, for example, on the outer lateral surface of the body, wherein the insulating layer is formed in several layers and by wrapping the body of the bearing ring with a thread surrounded by a thread or ribbon-shaped carrier material, especially a glass thread of about 50 to 100 ⁇ m in diameter, which has been immersed in, for example, phenolic resin. Immediately before wrapping, the glass thread is passed through the resin, so that the wound glass thread is wetted outside with the resin. After solidification of the resin, a multilayered layer consisting of glass fibers disposed in the resin is formed.
• the trained according to the aforementioned method bearing rings have as electrical insulation in substantially homogeneous layers, the one high breakdown field strength required, so that the electrical insulation is particularly suitable for the shielding of direct current.
• the bearing rings produced by the above method are only limited suitable.
• capacitive, frequency-dependent resistors occur in the case of alternating currents, for which a high-resistance homogeneous coating may represent a resistance which is only little suitable.
• eddy currents occur when a ground current flows between the housing and ground, causing a magnetic flux to flow around the shaft supported in the bearing and thus an eddy current in the bearing rings.
• Typical currents are also about a few amperes at frequencies of a few hundred kilohertz.
• so-called rotor earth currents may occur when the rotor mounted in the rolling bearing is grounded and the grounding impedance is less than the impedance of the housing in which the rolling bearing is housed.
• the current intensity or the frequencies of the rotor earth currents are in the range specified for the eddy currents.
• residual currents can occur between various capacities whose influence is difficult to estimate. Object of the invention
• a bearing ring according to claim 14 or 15 for example, by the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer contains an additive which improves the electrical, in particular the dielectric, and / or the mechanical properties of the electrical insulation.
• the electrical properties of the electrical insulation can be adjusted so that the bearing ring in particular also shows an improved AC performance compared to alternating currents.
• the additive is present as compared to the surrounding resin or the carrier material demarcated, solid phase present and may be added to the still liquid resin in the implementation of the inventive method or applied to the carrier material wetting, still liquid resin, for example, sprayed ,
• the material design of the additive in the insulating layer represents a degree of freedom that can be used to form an optimized in particular against alternating currents insulation.
• the geometric configuration of the additive represents a further degree of freedom.
• the additive may be present as a powder or as threads which are arranged in the insulating layer. Further, it is possible to use the thread-shaped or band-shaped carrier of the resin layer made of the material of the additive. Finally, there is the possibility of providing a gradient, be it the material formation or the geometric configuration of the additive.
• the surface of the body of the bearing ring of the additive may be present as a particle of a first material and at a distance from the surface of the body of the bearing ring as a thread of the same or a further material, so that a gradient perpendicular to the surface of the body of the Bearing ring is created.
• Such a design freedom of the formation of the insulating layer is made possible by a method according to claim 1, by adding the additive, for example, the resin through which the thread- or tape-shaped carrier material is passed before the coated with the resin carrier material is wound around the body of the bearing ring , It is also possible to choose the material of the carrier material from the additive, so that instead of or in addition to glass fibers, threads or tapes of the additive are wetted by the resin.
• the additive used has a relative dielectric constant of less than about 3 and a very low dielectric loss factor.
• a bearing ring is produced, which has an additive in the insulating layer, which has a relative dielectric constant of less than about 3 and a very low dielectric loss factor. Due to the low dielectric constant and the very low dielectric loss factor, the bearing ring is particularly suitable for electrical shielding against alternating currents in the range of a few hundred kilohertz to several megahertz and thus for a range in which the ECD, vortex or ground currents mentioned above occur ,
• PTFE As the material for the additive, PTFE, for example, is provided whose relative dielectric constant in the specified range is about 2.1 and whose dielectric loss factor tan ( ⁇ ) is less than 0.0001.
• This forms an electrically insulating layer with a capacity that is less than the grounding capacity of the rolling bearing or of the housing, so that in particular the rotor earth currents no longer take the path through the rolling bearing, but the way through the ground.
• the additive for example the PTFE, can be provided as a particle or fiber in the insulation layer or, alternatively or additionally, as material for the substrate, so that the substrate either exclusively or in addition to glass fibers comprises PTFE fibers.
• the particles or the fibers may be added to the resin surrounding the carrier material.
• the single or further additive comprises a ceramic, in particular an oxidic or nitridic ceramic.
• the ceramic sets the dielectric properties of the insulating layer over a wide range. When using a ceramic with temperature-independent dielectric properties, the electrical insulation changes only slightly when operating the bearing.
• the relative dielectric constant of the ceramic has a substantially temperature-independent course.
• the ceramic is formed as a mixture of at least two ceramic subcomponents, wherein the mixture of at least two ceramic subcomponents has a substantially-tu- runon course of the relative dielectric constant ,
• the two ceramic subcomponents can be selected such that the first subcomponent comprises a first substance, which has a first As the dielectric properties increase, the second sub-component comprises a substance which exhibits a temperature-decreasing profile of the dielectric property.
• the resulting mixture forms a ceramic whose relative dielectric constant has a largely temperature-independent course.
• subcomponents such as TiO 2 , Ba 2 Ti 9 O 2 O or MgTiO 3 offer, each of which has a linear course of the dielectric properties with the temperature.
• the additive used is a ceramic or a ceramic subcomponent having the properties given above, which are provided as particles or fibers in the insulating layer and, for example, added to the resin as powder.
• the single or further additive has a macromolecular material with a high proportion of oxygen atoms per molecule and a low flash point.
• the macromolecular material has the advantage due to the high proportion of oxygen atoms per molecule and due to the low flash point, in the presence of electrically conductive, in particular metallic grains in the insulating layer propagation of a breakdown throughout the insulation layer to suppress. If a voltage breakdown forms through the insulating layer, the macromolecules evaporate and react with the metallic grains to form reaction products such as water or carbon dioxide, during which the energy of the electrical breakdown is absorbed during the chemical reaction.
• the electrical breakdown thus generates a cavity in the insulating layer, without completely penetrating the insulating layer, so that the insulating layer is retained in its insulating effect.
• a pulp in particular of wool or paper
• the pulp may be added to the liquid resin, for example, by introducing particles of paper or wool into the resin.
• the pulp, especially the wool or the paper is provided as a carrier material, optionally as an additional carrier material to, for example, glass fibers.
• the single or further additive improves the mechanical damping of the insulating layer.
• a material which has a good damping behavior with regard to mechanical vibrations is used as the sole or further additive.
• the material is provided as a particle or fiber in the electrical insulation layer or alternatively or additionally thereto as an addition to the resin.
• the additive comprises a polyurethane.
• the one or more additive comprises lead particles or lead filaments.
• Lead particles or lead filaments for example in the form of fibers or as a material of the carrier material, increase the durability of the insulating layer against high-energy, in particular radioactive radiation.
• the lead particles or fibers of lead can be added to the resin, alternatively or additionally it can be provided that the carrier material comprises filaments of lead, optionally in addition to other filaments, in particular in addition to glass fibers, as a carrier material.
• the at least one additive is formed as a particle or thread, which are added to the resin. During the formation of the multilayer insulation layer, a targeted addition of the particles or filaments into the resin can easily produce a gradient within the insulation layer. In addition, particles or filaments added to the resin are easy to control and control in quantity and control the amount of resin required to form an insulating layer of a given thickness.
• the at least one additive is selected as the material of at least one part of the carrier material.
• both the carrier material and the additive received in the resin can be made of the same material or different materials.
• the additive instead of the glass fibers or in addition to the glass fibers, to choose the additive both as a dielectric and for the mechanical stabilization of the insulating layer.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a bearing ring according to the invention of a preferred embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the invention produced according to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 represents only a highly schematic embodiment; In particular, the size ratios of the individual parts are not to scale among each other. Nor are successive layers separated by a sharp interface.
• Fig. 1 shows a bearing ring 1, which is provided as an outer ring of a rolling bearing, not shown, wherein the bearing ring 1 has a body 2, on whose outer lateral surface 3 is formed as a multi-layer insulation layer 4 formed electrical insulation.
• the insulating layer 4 comprises a first layer 5, which is applied directly to the outer surface 3 as the surface of the body 2, a second layer 6, which is arranged at the greatest possible distance from the outer lateral surface 3, and a third layer 7, which substantially is arranged centrally between the first layer 5 and the second layer 6.
• Each of the layers 5, 6, 7 is formed from a carrier material 8 and a solid resin matrix 9 surrounding the carrier material 8, in the present case phenolic resin.
• the material used for the carrier material 8 are PTFE filaments which are wound in layers from right to left or from left to right around the body 2, so that a cross pattern results in plan view of the lateral surface 3.
• the material of the carrier material 8 has been provided as PTFE.
• the PTFE threads of the carrier material 8 are thus a first additive 10 accommodated in the resin matrix 9 and thus in the insulating layer 4.
• the insulating layer 4 comprises PTFE particles which are arranged in the first layer 5 with a higher concentration than in the second layer 6, so that a gradient is formed in a direction perpendicular to the surface 2.
• the PTFE threads 10 of the carrier material 8 and the PTFE particles 11 have in the range of a few hundred kilohertz to about a few megahertz a relative dielectric constant of less than about 3 and a very low dielectric loss factor.
• the insulating layer 4 threads of pulp, in particular cotton or paper, on.
• the concentration of the threads of pulp 12 is higher in the first layer 5 than in the second layer 6, so that also a gradient in a direction perpendicular to the surface 3 is formed.
• the concentration of the yarns 12 made of pulp increasing toward the body 2 takes into account the circumstance of preventing the insulation layer 4 from breaking through, starting from the jacket surface 3 of the body 2. For this purpose, interact with the threads 12 made of cellulose electrically conductive grains, which are not shown, together, the volume density also increases to the lateral surface 3 of the body 2 out.
• the insulating layer 4 comprises balls of a polyurethane, which is provided in the insulating layer 4 with a substantially constant volume density.
• the bearing ring 1 has been manufactured such that the body 2 has been provided with the surface 3. Subsequently, the insulating layer 4 was produced by wrapping the surface 3 several times. For this purpose, the PTFE threads of the carrier material 8 were introduced into the resin and wound in layers on the body 2. For supplying the first additive 10 into the insulating layer 4, PTFE was selected as material for the threads of the carrier material 8.
• the still liquid resin 9 PTFE particles 11, pulp filaments 12 and polyurethane balls 13 was added as a powder, each of which adhere to the resin 9 and the resin 9 outside of the PTFE filaments of the support material 8 are attached.
• the resin 9 connects adjacent turns of the PTFE filament to form the resin matrix 9, in which the additives 11, 12 and 13 are accommodated.
• a PTFE thread was provided as carrier material 8, which was wound several times around the surface 3 of the body 2 within each layer 5, 6, 7. It is understood that the substrate 8 need not be a substantially one-dimensional thread with approximately round cross-section.
• the carrier material also have a flattened cross-section, for example as a band.
• the carrier material can also be designed as a substantially two-dimensional fabric or web. It is further understood that the carrier material 8 can also consist of different materials; For example, glass fibers may be provided in addition to or instead of the PTFE fibers.
• a ceramic in particular a blank made of a ceramic film, may be provided.
• the second additive 11 and the third additive 12 each had a gradient in concentration in a direction perpendicular to the surface 3 of the body 2. It is understood that the respective additives 10, 11, 12, 13 may also have a gradient along the surface 3. For example, the number of turns per unit area of the Support material 8 selected first additive 10 along the surface 3 in one direction increase. Alternatively or additionally, the concentration of the additives 11, 12, 13 present as particles or threads along the surface 3 may have a gradient.
• the resin matrix 9 was formed of a phenolic resin. It is understood that instead of the phenolic resin and an epoxy resin or a mixture of phenolic and epoxy resin may be provided.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-03-27 DE DE102009014753A patent/DE102009014753A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2010
  • 2010-03-19 CN CN2010800146535A patent/CN102395804A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-03-19 BR BRPI1010285A patent/BRPI1010285A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-03-19 US US13/257,438 patent/US20120008890A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-03-19 WO PCT/DE2010/000330 patent/WO2010108481A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-03-19 EP EP10717499A patent/EP2411690A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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