EP2408414B1 - Fall protection device - Google Patents
Fall protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2408414B1 EP2408414B1 EP10711141.1A EP10711141A EP2408414B1 EP 2408414 B1 EP2408414 B1 EP 2408414B1 EP 10711141 A EP10711141 A EP 10711141A EP 2408414 B1 EP2408414 B1 EP 2408414B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rope
- fall protection
- protection device
- fall
- user
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
- A63B69/0064—Attachments on the trainee preventing falling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/01—Constructive details
- A61H2201/0173—Means for preventing injuries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1614—Shoulder, e.g. for neck stretching
- A61H2201/1616—Holding means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1619—Thorax
- A61H2201/1621—Holding means therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/165—Wearable interfaces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
- A61H3/008—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about using suspension devices for supporting the body in an upright walking or standing position, e.g. harnesses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B5/00—Apparatus for jumping
- A63B5/11—Trampolines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fall protection device for trampolines according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Trampolines have found a firm place in modern physiotherapy. Exercises on a trampoline address most of the muscles of the human body. With a single simple exercise device, a variety of muscle can be activated and trained. Training on a trampoline also has a positive impact on the metabolism and trains the sense of balance.
- trampolines have already been used for people with disabilities.
- the exercises could not be performed by the people alone, but rather almost exclusively in the company of an experienced physiotherapist. This involves considerable risks for both the user and the attendant. Irrespective of this, the associated personnel costs are considerable.
- the invention is directed in particular to groups of persons with disabilities and persons at risk of falling.
- the applications of the invention are not limited to this group of people.
- a fall protection device known by means of which a user of a trampoline can be secured against falls.
- the user wears a kind of belt, which is suspended on ropes.
- the ropes are on a rolling device like this rolled up, that they are removable against a spring force from the role. This keeps the ropes taut when using the trampoline.
- the fall arrest device has a clamp that limits the cable pullout in the event of a fall.
- the known fall protection device is dependent on a supervisor.
- the tensioning device is mechanically complex and cumbersome.
- the fall protection device opens up completely new possibilities in therapy. For the first time, it is also possible for persons with a heavier disability.or also for fall-endangered seniors to train independently on a trampoline alone, without being exposed to a momentous fall risk. This training promotes / activates essential body functions in people with restricted mobility (Bladder incontinence / digestion) and supports an unusual for the life situation energy consumption.
- the rope is preferably substantially nonelastic. This may be, for example, a wire rope or a natural or synthetic fiber rope.
- the substantially non-elastic rope is connected to the user before using the trampoline.
- the user preferably wears a safety vest, in which the rope is latched.
- the tensioning device exerts the least possible retraction force on the user to train the natural sense of balance and related reaction skills.
- the known safety systems are used in treadmills and locomotion systems. In addition to securing the user, they serve purposefully to lift the user (patient) so that he is only burdened with a part of his body weight when walking / running.
- the known security systems are designed exclusively for the user to move in or above the walking / running plane.
- the known systems are unsuitable for use with a trampoline.
- the users are partially raised by the known systems, partially positively controlled.
- the patients should wear their own body weight during trampoline training.
- the retraction force of the tightening device should be so be as small as possible so that the patient can train balance reflexes and fine motor skills under realistic conditions.
- the patient is exposed to conditions which are not comparable to a (weight-assisted) walking training.
- the body experiences a relative weightlessness
- the body experiences an increasing weight force.
- the patients on the trampoline sink significantly below the zero level (ie the level in which the trampoline is loaded with the body weight in the rest position). The undisturbed sensing / experiencing of these states is essential for the therapeutic effect.
- the known systems are not designed.
- the fall protection device allows training on the trampoline.
- the tensioning device is thus designed so that when using the trampoline over the entire oscillation amplitude on the one hand sufficient rope provided and on the other hand kept taut.
- the pulling force of the rope is adjusted so that the patient does not feel the rope subjectively or only to a very small extent.
- the main function of the rope is therefore to secure the patient in case of a fall.
- the rope extension In the event of a fall, the rope extension is limited by the device for limiting the rope extension. It is therefore impossible for the user to fall off the trampoline or to be exposed to a risk of injury. This is especially true when the cable pullout is limited so that the user of the trampoline does not "fall low", but is already caught immediately after an accidental leaving the usual swing curve. In such an early caught position it will be the user in all Usually be possible to take the training position by itself again. Targeted fall-depth regulation allows patients to learn how to absorb themselves from lower lintel positions with increasing reflex competence.
- the rope should be substantially non-elastic. This feature takes into account that each rope always has a certain elastic content. However, according to the invention, it is not intended to use a pure rubber cord or woven elastic cord which has the aforementioned disadvantages.
- the user should in the therapy - in addition to building muscle - sharpen the feeling of balance and all the necessary reaction and compensatory reflexes.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the means for limiting the cable extension has a stop.
- the stop defines the end position of the patient in the event of a fall.
- the device for limiting the cable separation has at least one damper.
- This may in particular be a gas spring, a spring or in certain cases a rubber or plastic stop.
- pneumatic or hydraulic dampers which absorb a possible fall.
- the degree of damping of the damper is adjustable.
- the fall protection device according to the invention can thus be adapted individually to users with different body weights and / or training progress.
- the damper is coupled to one end of the rope.
- the other end is advantageously coupled to a pulley around which the rope is wound. In the event of a fall, the cable end and the pulley move towards each other until the cable pullout is limited.
- the damper can act as a stop itself. Alternatively, you will provide a separate stop to limit the cable extension, so that the damper exclusively assumes the damping function.
- the cable length of the free end of the rope is adjustable.
- the fall protection device according to the invention can therefore be adjusted to the body size of the user.
- the fall protection device comprises a stationary rack, and that the adjustment of the cable length via a displaceable carriage, which can be brought into engagement with the rack.
- the rack allows on the one hand a fine screening, so a precise adjustment to the user.
- the rack provides a firm and secure lock.
- an advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the drop height of the user is adjustable. This defines the end position of the patient in the event of a fall. As a rule, a fall height adjustment will be made via the setting of the device for limiting the cable extension. In particular, it can be provided that the adjustment takes place via the damper.
- the cable pullout is preferably set to within a few centimeters of the vibration amplitude, so that the user can be caught in loss of balance before any actual lintel occurs.
- the user must not fall too low otherwise he might not be able to straighten himself up.
- the objective is to convey fall experience and to train the user to avoid fall-offs.
- a tensioning device which has a device for deflecting the rope.
- the means for deflecting the rope may have a roller which causes a deflection of the rope.
- the Tightening means a pivotable lever over which the cable is deflected in use. Due to the deflection of the rope, the cable section connected to the user is shortened. Such a construction allows a safe tightening of the rope even with fast load changes.
- a significant advantage of the lever is the relatively low-noise function. As a result, the patient experiences no irritating noise during the exercises, which allows him to feel safe and to concentrate fully on his movements. Incidentally, the construction of the lever may be such that it has a low weight. This also has an advantageous effect on the perception of the patient.
- the tensioning device is preferably decoupled from the device for limiting the cable extension. Their functions are thus separated from each other. It can also be provided that the tensioning device and the device for limiting the cable extension are spatially separated from each other.
- the basic setting of the lever is to be chosen so that the lever in the weighted rest position, in which the user is standing on the trampoline but has not yet moved, already deflects the rope.
- the cable is increasingly deflected (swinging up) and less deflected (swinging).
- the lever rests with bias on the rope. Basically, it is conceivable that the lever deflects the rope only with its own weight. However, it is particularly advantageous if the bias of the lever is adjustable. This can be done for example by a spring, in particular a coil spring, which is arranged in the region of the suspension of the lever.
- a preferred embodiment of the lever is characterized in that the lever is mounted on one side and that on the bearing axis of the lever, a pulley for the rope is arranged. With its one end, the lever thus deflects the rope (for this purpose, the lever also has a role) and with its other end, the lever is attached to the fall protection device, wherein the rope is guided over the deflection roller.
- a pulley for the rope With its one end, the lever thus deflects the rope (for this purpose, the lever also has a role) and with its other end, the lever is attached to the fall protection device, wherein the rope is guided over the deflection roller.
- the rope limiting device only triggers when the cable extension has reached a defined length. This length is reached when the patient leaves the normal swing path (plus a safety factor, if applicable).
- the invention is characterized in that the means for limiting the cable extension is only triggered when the deflection is canceled. In normal training mode so the tightening device acts. In the case of a fall, the deflection is lifted and the entire rope is tightened so that it triggers the device for limiting the rope extension. Practically, the limitation of the cable extension is introduced damped, so that the user does not fall too hard.
- the fall protection device according to the invention can be suspended from the ceiling. This holds however, there may be a risk that the ceiling will not hold the fall arrest device. In that regard, it is considered particularly advantageous if the device has a boom. The boom reaches above the user.
- the boom will be fixed directly to a side wall or preferably to a vertical support, which in turn is attached to the wall.
- a system can be provided by the manufacturer, which has a static and dynamic stability in itself. The system only needs to be attached to a wall, with the vertical forces being dissipated via the vertical support.
- the boom protrudes with its front end over the trampoline.
- the boom is so dimensioned that a conventional mini-trampoline can be accommodated under the boom. Possibly. you will still gain access to the trampoline under the boom, as will be explained in more detail below.
- the tensioning device and / or the limitation of the cable extension are advantageously arranged in the rear region of the boom.
- the aforementioned elements in the vertical support structure so for example between two vertical supports, be arranged. There they are well protected and easy to use.
- the rope is deflected there by a Umlenkrollensystem, advantageously is configured so that the cable length is adjustable by moving at least one of the pulleys.
- the fall protection device can be used in different versions.
- the versions may be adapted to different levels of users' performance or patient disability. In patients with a greater disability, it is advantageous if an aid is provided, through which the patient reaches the trampoline and the trampoline.
- An advantageous construction is characterized in that the device has a feed device, which is arranged displaceably along the arm. The user will therefore grab from the starting position, the feeder and can be advantageously supported on this and thus reach the trampoline.
- the feed device can be designed such that an upper carriage slides on a rail connected to the boom.
- a safety device may be provided to secure the patient.
- the safety device may be a rope or a belt system or the like, which the user latches into the already existing safety vest. Once the user has arrived on the trampoline, he will engage the training rope and unlatch the safety device.
- the invention is primarily geared to users with disabilities or gangs. With the help of the trampoline a variety of muscles in the body is strengthened and trained. At the same time, sense of balance and fall-avoidance reflexes are trained. For this it is important that the user / patient does not receive strong active support in the sense of an upward pulling force. Too strong a tensile force would falsify the feeling of equilibrium.
- the cable is preferably guided over a flexible, in particular a pivotable deflection roller.
- a boom is used, you will provide the flexible pulley in the end of the boom.
- the deflection roller may be mounted for example in a holder which is pivotally mounted on the boom.
- An alternative embodiment is characterized in that the deflection roller attached to a wire rope, which is suitably attached to the boom.
- the flexible wire rope allows flexible alignment of the rope.
- FIG. 1 shows the operating principle of a fall protection device based on a first example.
- a handicapped person 1 accesses a feeding device 2, on which the person can rest.
- the feeder 2 is slidably mounted on a rail 3.
- the feed device 2 has a carriage 4, which slides with two rollers 5 on the rail 3.
- a safety device 6 which is formed in the present case as a rope, wire or belt system and connected to the carriage 4.
- the person 1 wears a safety vest 7, in which the safety device 6 is latched in the region of the shoulders.
- the person 1 To get to the trampoline 8, the person 1 must first go in the direction of the trampoline and climb, for example, a staircase 9. Here, the person 1 at the feeder 2 supported, which moves along the rail 3 to the training position by the right person in FIG. 1 is marked.
- the person will first secure himself with a second rope 10 - the training rope - before it disengages the first rope 6.
- the second cable 10 is latched as well as the safety device 6 in the vest in the shoulders of the person 1.
- the person can hold on a support rod 11.
- the person performs 1 their vibration exercises.
- the rope 10 is tracked to the amplitudes of the vibrations of the trampoline mat.
- a weight 12 is attached to the end of the rope 10, which keeps the rope always substantially taut.
- the weight 12 strikes against a stop 13.
- the rope extension is limited and the person is intercepted despite the fall.
- the rope 10 is deflected several times.
- a first guide roller 15 is arranged, via which the cable 10 is guided on the rear side of the boom. Subsequently, the rope 10 is deflected by further rollers 16, 17 and 18.
- the fall protection device is repeatedly adjustable.
- a first adjustment of the usable rope length is made via the roller 17, which is arranged displaceably in the direction of the double arrow.
- the roller 17 By moving the roller 17 to an upper position, the usable rope length is longer and vice versa. This allows you to adjust, for example, the usable rope length to the height of the user 1.
- a second adjustment is made by the stop 13.
- This stop is adjustable in the direction of the double arrow.
- the stop 13 is provided with a damping device 19.
- This may be, for example, a rubber or plastic buffer, a gas cylinder or a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.
- the damping device 19 is assigned to the stop 13. Also, the damping device 19 may be assigned to the weight.
- the reference numeral 20 denotes a second stop, which has an additional safety function and acts as an end stop.
- the adjustable roller 17 and / or the adjustable cable-limiting device 13 are guided on rails or rods 21. This allows for easy adjustment and fixing in a desired position.
- FIG. 2 shows the rear end of a second embodiment of a fall protection device in a frontal view. Compared to FIG. 1 It is clear that here two ropes 10 are used, each rope 10 is hooked or hooked on one side of the user's vest (not shown here).
- the rope 10 is deflected several times, via a fixed roller 22, an adjustable roller 23 and stationary rollers 24.
- the weight 12 is fixed in each case, that keeps the rope taut. In the end position, the weights 12 strike against the stop 13, being damped by the buffers 19.
- the weights 12 are guided on / on rods 25.
- the fixed modules A, D, E and G are attached to a vertical strut 27.
- the module B is set via the drive unit D.
- the latter has a hand crank 28, via which a threaded rod 29 can be actuated, which is in threaded engagement with the module B.
- the module F is set via the drive unit E.
- the latter has a hand crank 30, which drives the threaded rod 26, which is in threaded engagement with the module F. It is understood that instead of the hand crank and motor drive units can be used.
- FIG. 3 shows the second example in a side view.
- the boom 14 is connected to a vertical support 31, which derives a large part of the forces of the boom.
- the vertical support is shown semi-transparent.
- the fall protection device is against the wall.
- the boom 14, the vertical support 31 and the horizontal support 32 in the side view substantially a Z-shape.
- the vertical support 31 jumps forward so that the aforementioned modules are behind the plane formed by the vertical support (s) 31 and extent protected.
- FIG. 4 shows the second example in a perspective view.
- the fall arrest device is fastened to a wall (not shown) with an upper transverse web 34 and optionally a lower transverse web 33.
- the course of the rope was essentially already associated with FIG. 2 explained.
- FIG. 4 shows how the rope over the rear pulleys 22 to the front portion of the boom 14 and over the front guide rollers 15 are guided in the direction of the (not shown) user.
- the deflection rollers 15 are received in a holder 35, which allows the deflection rollers are pivotable inwards.
- the cable guide can be adapted particularly advantageously to users with different shoulder widths or users with different sizes. The adjustment is done automatically by the cable.
- the fall protection device allows a symmetrical construction of the overall construction.
- the modules A, B, D, F and G are designed to carry the respective assemblies for the left and right cables. Only the module C, which includes the weights 12, is formed individually, since the respective cable 10 must be individually operable.
- FIG. 5 shows a simplified compared to the second example version of a fall arrest device.
- the adjustable module F and the associated modules E and G have been dispensed with.
- the setting of the usable rope length and the adjustment of the fall height is done exclusively via the Drive unit D, which adjusts the stop module B.
- the modules E, F and G instead of the modules E, F and G, only one module H is arranged, which carries two deflection rollers 34.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 an embodiment of the fall arresting device according to the invention is shown, wherein in FIG. 6 a device for limiting the rope extension and in FIG. 7 a tightening device is shown.
- FIG. 6 Referenced.
- the embodiment shown has five traverses.
- the trusses K, M and N are coupled together, namely the trusses N and M via a locking device 36 and the trusses M and K via guide rails 37.
- the two trusses L are in a horizontal plane and are movable separately. All trusses K, L, M, N are mounted on external spars 38 and 39, the two traverses L in addition to the guide rails 37th
- the locking device 36 has a handle 40, via which by means of an eccentric a cross member connecting the trusses M and N 41 in engagement with a stationary rack 42 can be brought. By moving the carriage 41, all trusses along the rack 42 are moved up or down. In the intended position, the handle 40 is folded over and the carriage 41 engages in the rack 42 a.
- the trusses L are each held by a damper 43 in the upper position, as shown.
- the damper is supported at one end on the lower cross member N and at the other end on the movable cross member L.
- the detail of the illustrated fall protection device represents the rear portion of the fall protection device. This rear portion may be attached to a wall, for example.
- the cable 10 is guided downwards via a first deflection roller 44, which is fastened to the stationary traverse M, and subsequently via a deflection roller 45, which is associated with the movable traverse L.
- the end of the rope 10 is fixed to the traverse M.
- the damper shown is a gas spring.
- the stroke of the gas spring is adjustable, such that the starting position can be set. By presetting the damper 43, it is thus possible to adjust the damping path and thus adapt to the user.
- the adjustment is indicated by the adjusting device 47.
- FIG. 7 shows a boom 14 of the fall protection device according to the invention.
- the cable 10 is guided by the user (not shown) via the guide roller 15 to the rear, ie in the FIG. 7 to the left.
- the tensioning device is formed by a lever 48.
- the lever has a lever arm 49 which on the Boom 14 is pivotally mounted. At its end a guide roller 50 is fixed, with which the lever arm deflects the cable 10.
- a guide roller 50 is fixed, with which the lever arm deflects the cable 10.
- four different operating states of the lever 48 are shown, wherein in the uppermost position of the lever arm 49, the rope 10 is taut and in the lowermost position the (dash-lined illustrated) cable is deflected.
- the lever 48 has a further deflection roller 52, which is advantageously mounted on the axis of the lever arm 49.
- the bias of the lever arm 49 on the rope 10 is adjustable.
- a worm spring is arranged in the bearing housing 53 of the lever arm 49.
- an essential requirement of the fall protection device is that the rope is held as evenly as possible and with as little resistance as possible.
- the lever 48 meets this requirement in a particularly advantageous manner.
- a fall arrest device that allows training of patients on a trampoline. It consists of the essential components rope (safety line), rope tensioning device and fall limiting device.
- the Fallbegrenzungs Understand is not necessarily understood in the sense of the invention only as a stop.
- the limiting device may comprise a plurality of components, in particular a stop or the like, the end position defined, if necessary deflection roller (s) and a damper.
- the limiting device thus advantageously provides a cable pull-out, within which the user / patient is first braked and finally collected safely.
- the collecting position and / or the triggering position at which the rope boundary is introduced are preferably adjustable.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fallschutzvorrichtung für Trampoline gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fall protection device for trampolines according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Trampoline haben in der modernen Physiotherapie einen festen Platz gefunden. Bei Übungen auf einem Trampolin wird ein Großteil aller Muskeln des menschlichen Körpers angesprochen. Mit einem einzigen einfachen Übungsgerät kann eine Vielzahl von Muskelpartien aktiviert und trainiert werden. Training auf einem Trampolin hat zudem einen positiven Einfluss auf den Stoffwechsel und schult den Gleichgewichtssinn.Trampolines have found a firm place in modern physiotherapy. Exercises on a trampoline address most of the muscles of the human body. With a single simple exercise device, a variety of muscle can be activated and trained. Training on a trampoline also has a positive impact on the metabolism and trains the sense of balance.
Aus der
Bisher wurden Trampoline bereits für Personen mit Behinderungen eingesetzt. Allerdings konnten die Übungen nicht von den Personen allein, sondern vielmehr fast ausschließlich in Begleitung eines erfahrenen Physiotherapeuten durchgeführt werde. Damit verbunden sind erhebliche Risiken sowohl für den Benutzer als auch die Begleitperson. Unbeachtet dessen sind die damit verbundenen Personalkosten erheblich. Die Erfindung ist insbesondere auf Personengruppen mit Behinderungen sowie sturzgefährdete Senioren gerichtet. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung sind jedoch nicht auf diese Personengruppe beschränkt.So far, trampolines have already been used for people with disabilities. However, the exercises could not be performed by the people alone, but rather almost exclusively in the company of an experienced physiotherapist. This involves considerable risks for both the user and the attendant. Irrespective of this, the associated personnel costs are considerable. The invention is directed in particular to groups of persons with disabilities and persons at risk of falling. However, the applications of the invention are not limited to this group of people.
Personen mit progressiven Behinderungen wie Multiple Sklerose, Demenz oder Parkinson wie auch Senioren bauen durch mangelnde Bewegung rasch ihre Muskulatur und ihr Gleichgewicht ab. Durch schwindende Aktivität ist diese Personengruppe in zunehmenden Maße Sturzrisiken ausgesetzt. Auch Personen mit unterschiedlichen Geburtsbehinderungen (wie zum Beispiel Spastiker) oder Personen, die in Folge einer Verletzung mit eingeschränkter Beweglichkeit leben müssen, legen als Folge ihres Bewegungsmangels oft stark an Körpergewicht zu und büssen dadurch zusätzlich Beweglichkeit ein. Gleiches gilt für alternde Menschen.People with progressive disabilities such as multiple sclerosis, dementia or Parkinson's disease as well as seniors quickly lose their musculature and their balance due to a lack of exercise. Due to dwindling activity, this group of people is increasingly exposed to risks of falling. Even persons with different birth disabilities (such as spasticity) or persons who have to live as a result of an injury with reduced mobility, often increase as a result of their lack of movement to body weight and thus lose additional mobility. The same applies to aging people.
Der Verlust von Muskelkraft und Balance hat fatale Wirkungen auf die persönliche Mobilität und die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen. Neben den direkten Auswirkungen für die betroffenen Personen hat der Bewegungsmangel auch Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft. Insbesondere nimmt der Betreuungsbedarf erheblich zu und damit auch die von der Öffentlichkeit getragenen Gesundheitskosten.The loss of muscle power and balance has fatal effects on the personal mobility and quality of life of those affected. In addition to the direct impact on the persons affected, the lack of physical activity also has an impact on society. In particular, the need for care increases significantly and thus also the health costs borne by the public.
Aus der
Aus der
Die bekannte Fallschutzvorrichtung ist auf eine Aufsichtsperson angewiesen. Darüber hinaus ist die Straffeinrichtung mechanisch aufwendig und schwerfällig.The known fall protection device is dependent on a supervisor. In addition, the tensioning device is mechanically complex and cumbersome.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Fallschutzvorrichtung zu schaffen, die einerseits ein gefahrloses Training unabhängig von zusätzlichen Aufsichtspersonen gestattet und deren Straffeinrichtung andererseits möglichst einfach aufgebaut ist.
- ■ Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Fallschutzvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.
- This object is achieved by a fall protection device having the features of patent claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Fallschutzvorrichtung eröffnet in der Therapie völlig neue Möglichkeiten. Erstmals ist es auch Personen mit einer schwereren Behinderung.oder auch sturzgefährdeten Senioren möglich, selbstständig alleine auf einem Trampolin zu trainieren, ohne einer folgenschweren Sturzgefahr ausgesetzt zu sein. Dieses Training fördert/aktiviert bei Menschen mit Bewegungseinschränkungen essentielle Körperfunktionen (Blaseninkontinenz/Verdauung) und unterstützt einen für die Lebenssituation unüblichen Energieverbrauch.The fall protection device according to the invention opens up completely new possibilities in therapy. For the first time, it is also possible for persons with a heavier disability.or also for fall-endangered seniors to train independently on a trampoline alone, without being exposed to a momentous fall risk. This training promotes / activates essential body functions in people with restricted mobility (Bladder incontinence / digestion) and supports an unusual for the life situation energy consumption.
Das Seil ist vorzugsweise im wesentlichen nicht elastisch. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Drahtseil oder ein Natur- oder Kunstfaserseil handeln.The rope is preferably substantially nonelastic. This may be, for example, a wire rope or a natural or synthetic fiber rope.
Das im wesentlichen nicht-elastische Seil wird vor der Benutzung des Trampolins mit dem Benutzer verbunden. Hierzu trägt der Benutzer vorzugsweise eine Sicherheitsweste, in die das Seil eingeklinkt wird. Beim Schwingen auf dem Trampolin wird das Seil aus- und wieder eingezogen und durch die Straffeinrichtung straff gehalten. Dabei wird angestrebt, dass die Straffeinrichtung eine möglichst geringe Rückzugkraft auf den Benutzer ausübt, um den natürlichen Gleichgewichtssinn und damit verbundene Reaktionsfähigkeiten zu trainieren.The substantially non-elastic rope is connected to the user before using the trampoline. For this purpose, the user preferably wears a safety vest, in which the rope is latched. When swinging on the trampoline, the rope is pulled out and retracted and kept taut by the tensioning device. The aim is that the tensioning device exerts the least possible retraction force on the user to train the natural sense of balance and related reaction skills.
Aus der
Für den Einsatz bei einem Trampolin sind die bekanten Systeme ungeeignet. Die Benutzer werden durch die bekannten Systeme teilweise angehoben, teilweise zwangsgesteuert. Bei der Erfindung hingegen sollen die Patienten beim Trampolintraining ihr eigenes Körpergewicht tragen. Die Rückzugkraft der Straffeinrichtung soll so gering wie möglich sein, damit der Patient Gleichgewichtsreflexe und Feinmotorik unter realistischen Bedingungen trainieren kann.The known systems are unsuitable for use with a trampoline. The users are partially raised by the known systems, partially positively controlled. In the invention, however, the patients should wear their own body weight during trampoline training. The retraction force of the tightening device should be so be as small as possible so that the patient can train balance reflexes and fine motor skills under realistic conditions.
Darüber hinaus ist der Patient bei der erfindungsgemäßen Benutzung des Trampolins Zuständen ausgesetzt, die mit einem (gewichtsunterstützten) Gehtraining nicht vergleichbar sind. Beim Aufschwung erfährt der Körper eine relative Schwerelosigkeit, bei Abschwung erfährt der Körper eine zunehmende Gewichtskraft. Dabei sinken die Patienten im Abschwung auf dem Trampolin deutlich unter die Nullebene (also die Ebene, in der das Trampolin mit dem Körpergewicht in der Ruhestellung belastet ist) ein. Das unbeeinträchtigte Erspüren/Erleben dieser Zustände ist für den Therapieeffekt essentiell. Auch hierfür sind die bekannten Systeme nicht ausgelegt.Moreover, in the use of the trampoline according to the invention, the patient is exposed to conditions which are not comparable to a (weight-assisted) walking training. During the upswing the body experiences a relative weightlessness, during downswing the body experiences an increasing weight force. During the downswing, the patients on the trampoline sink significantly below the zero level (ie the level in which the trampoline is loaded with the body weight in the rest position). The undisturbed sensing / experiencing of these states is essential for the therapeutic effect. Again, the known systems are not designed.
Erfindungsgemäß gestattet die Fallschutzvorrichtung ein Training auf dem Trampolin. Die Straffeinrichtung ist also so ausgebildet, dass bei der Benutzung des Trampolins über die gesamte Schwingungsamplitude einerseits ausreichend Seil zur Verfügung gestellt und andererseits straff gehalten wird. Gleichzeitig wird die Zugkraft des Seils so eingestellt, dass der Patient subjektiv das Seil nicht oder nur zu einem ganz geringen Maße spürt. Die Hauptfunktion des Seils liegt also in der Sicherung des Patienten im Falle eines Sturzes.According to the fall protection device allows training on the trampoline. The tensioning device is thus designed so that when using the trampoline over the entire oscillation amplitude on the one hand sufficient rope provided and on the other hand kept taut. At the same time, the pulling force of the rope is adjusted so that the patient does not feel the rope subjectively or only to a very small extent. The main function of the rope is therefore to secure the patient in case of a fall.
Bei einem Sturz wird der Seilauszug durch die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs begrenzt. Es ist damit ausgeschlossen, dass der Benutzer vom Trampolin fällt oder sich einer Verletzungsgefahr aussetzt. Dies gilt vor allem dann, wenn der Seilauszug so begrenzt ist, dass der Benutzer des Trampolins nicht "tief fällt", sondern bereits unmittelbar nach einem ungewollten Verlassen der üblichen Schwingungskurve aufgefangen wird. In einer derartig früh aufgefangenen Position wird es dem Benutzer in aller Regel möglich sein, von selbst wieder die Trainingsposition einzunehmen. Eine gezielte Sturztiefe-Regulierung ermöglicht es Patienten bei wachsender Reflexkompetenz zu lernen, sich aus tieferen Sturzpositionen heraus sicher aufzufangen.In the event of a fall, the rope extension is limited by the device for limiting the rope extension. It is therefore impossible for the user to fall off the trampoline or to be exposed to a risk of injury. This is especially true when the cable pullout is limited so that the user of the trampoline does not "fall low", but is already caught immediately after an accidental leaving the usual swing curve. In such an early caught position it will be the user in all Usually be possible to take the training position by itself again. Targeted fall-depth regulation allows patients to learn how to absorb themselves from lower lintel positions with increasing reflex competence.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Aufhängungen für Trampolinbenutzer bekannt, die elastische Seile aufweisen. Derartige (hoch-) elastische Seile sind für die Erfindung vollkommen ungeeignet. Von zentraler Bedeutung bei der Erfindung ist es nämlich, dass der Benutzer im Falle eines Sturzes nicht aus der (ungewollten) Sturzposition herauskatapultiert, sondern in der Sturzposition gehalten wird, damit anschließend die Möglichkeit besteht, sich wieder in die Trainingsposition zu begeben.Suspensions for trampoline users are known in the art, which have elastic ropes. Such (highly) elastic ropes are completely unsuitable for the invention. In the invention, it is of central importance that the user is not catapulted out of the (unwanted) camber position in the event of a fall, but is held in the camber position, so that subsequently the possibility exists to return to the training position.
Erfindungsgemäß soll das Seil im wesentlichen nicht-elastisch sein. Diese Eigenschaft berücksichtigt, dass jedes Seil stets einen gewissen elastischen Anteil aufweist. Es soll jedoch erfindungsgemäß kein reines Gummiseil oder gewobenes Elastikseil zum Einsatz kommen, das die vorgenannten Nachteile aufweist.According to the invention, the rope should be substantially non-elastic. This feature takes into account that each rope always has a certain elastic content. However, according to the invention, it is not intended to use a pure rubber cord or woven elastic cord which has the aforementioned disadvantages.
Der Benutzer soll in der Therapie - neben dem Muskelaufbau - auch das Gleichgewichtsgefühl und alle erforderlichen Reaktions- und Ausgleichsreflexe schärfen.The user should in the therapy - in addition to building muscle - sharpen the feeling of balance and all the necessary reaction and compensatory reflexes.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs einen Anschlag aufweist. Der Anschlag definiert die Endstellung des Patienten im Falle eines Sturzes.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the means for limiting the cable extension has a stop. The stop defines the end position of the patient in the event of a fall.
Grundsätzlich hat es sich bewährt, dass die Straffeinrichtung geführt ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass etwaige zusätzliche Kräfte durch ein ungewolltes Schwingen der Straffeinrichtung vermieden werden.Basically, it has been proven that the tightening device is guided. This has the advantage that any additional forces are avoided by an unwanted swinging of the tensioning device.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Fallschutzvorrichtung kommt ein Seil zu Einsatz, das im wesentlichen nicht elastisch ist. Dennoch ist eine Abfederung eines Sturzes wünschenswert. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs mindestens einen Dämpfer aufweist. Dabei kann es sich insbesondere um eine Gasfeder, eine Feder oder in bestimmten Fällen einen Gummi- oder Kunststoffanschlag handeln. Grundsätzlich vorteilhaft sind beispielsweise pneumatische oder hydraulische Dämpfer, die einen eventuellen Sturz abfedern.In the fall protection device according to the invention, a rope is used, which is not elastic substantially. Nevertheless, a suspension of a fall is desirable. In a further development of the invention, it is therefore proposed that the device for limiting the cable separation has at least one damper. This may in particular be a gas spring, a spring or in certain cases a rubber or plastic stop. Basically advantageous, for example, pneumatic or hydraulic dampers, which absorb a possible fall.
Vorzugsweise ist der Dämpfungsgrad des Dämpfers einstellbar. Die erfindungsgemäße Fallschutzvorrichtung kann also individuell an Benutzer mit unterschiedlichen Körpergewichten und/oder Trainingsfortschritten angepasst werden.Preferably, the degree of damping of the damper is adjustable. The fall protection device according to the invention can thus be adapted individually to users with different body weights and / or training progress.
Zweckmäßig ist der Dämpfer mit einem Ende des Seils gekoppelt. Das andere Ende ist vorteilhafterweise mit einer Umlenkrolle gekoppelt, um das das Seil gewunden ist. Im Falle eines Sturzes bewegen sich das Seilende und die Umlenkrolle aufeinander zu, bis der Seilauszug begrenzt wird.Suitably, the damper is coupled to one end of the rope. The other end is advantageously coupled to a pulley around which the rope is wound. In the event of a fall, the cable end and the pulley move towards each other until the cable pullout is limited.
Der Dämpfer kann selbst als Anschlag wirken. Alternativ wird man einen gesonderten Anschlag zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs vorsehen, so dass der Dämpfer ausschließlich die Dämpfungsfunktion übernimmt.The damper can act as a stop itself. Alternatively, you will provide a separate stop to limit the cable extension, so that the damper exclusively assumes the damping function.
In wesentlicher Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Seillänge des freien Seilendes einstellbar ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Fallschutzvorrichtung kann also auf die Körpergröße des Benutzers eingestellt werden.In an essential embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the cable length of the free end of the rope is adjustable. The fall protection device according to the invention can therefore be adjusted to the body size of the user.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Seillänge durch Verstellen der Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs einzustellen. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fallschutzvorrichtung eine stationäre Zahnstange aufweist, und dass die Einstellung der Seillänge über einen verschiebbaren Schlitten erfolgt, der in Eingriff mit der Zahnstange bringbar ist. Die Zahnstange gestattet einerseits eine feine Rasterung, also eine genaue Anpassung den Benutzer. Andererseits stellt die Zahnstange eine feste und sichere Arretierung zur Verfügung.It has proven to be advantageous to adjust the cable length by adjusting the device for limiting the cable extension. For example, it can be provided that the fall protection device comprises a stationary rack, and that the adjustment of the cable length via a displaceable carriage, which can be brought into engagement with the rack. The rack allows on the one hand a fine screening, so a precise adjustment to the user. On the other hand, the rack provides a firm and secure lock.
Für ein Sturzprophylaxen-Training muss der Patient progressiv mit unterschiedlichen Sturzhöhen vertraut gemacht werden. Um dem gerecht zu werden, ist eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fallhöhe des Benutzers einstellbar ist. Dadurch wird die Endlage des Patienten im Falle eines Sturzes definiert. In aller Regel wird eine Fallhöheneinstellung über die Einstellung der Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs erfolgen. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Einstellung über den Dämpfer erfolgt.For fall prevention training, the patient must be progressively familiarized with different lintel heights. To meet this, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the drop height of the user is adjustable. This defines the end position of the patient in the event of a fall. As a rule, a fall height adjustment will be made via the setting of the device for limiting the cable extension. In particular, it can be provided that the adjustment takes place via the damper.
Bei der Fallhöheneinstellung ist zu beachten, dass im Anfangsstadium des Trainings der Seilauszug vorzugsweise auf nur wenige Zentimeter Abweichung von der Schwingungsamplitude eingestellt wird, so dass der Benutzer bei Verlust der Balance aufgefangen werden kann, bevor ein eigentlicher Sturz eintritt. Der Benutzer darf nicht zu tief fallen, da er sonst unter Umständen sich nicht von selbst wieder aufrichten kann. Darüber hinaus kann im Falle eines zu tiefen Sturzes eine erhebliche Verletzungsgefahr bestehen. Es gilt die Zielsetzung, Sturzerfahrung zu vermitteln und dem Benutzer Sturzvermeidungsreflexe anzutrainieren.When setting the fall height, it should be noted that in the initial stage of training, the cable pullout is preferably set to within a few centimeters of the vibration amplitude, so that the user can be caught in loss of balance before any actual lintel occurs. The user must not fall too low otherwise he might not be able to straighten himself up. In addition, in the case of too deep a fall, there is a considerable risk of injury. The objective is to convey fall experience and to train the user to avoid fall-offs.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Straffeinrichtung zur Verfügung gestellt, die eine Einrichtung zur Auslenkung des Seils aufweist. Die Einrichtung zur Auslenkung des Seils kann eine Rolle aufweisen, die eine Auslenkung des Seils bewirkt. Vorzugsweise weist die Straffeinrichtung einen schwenkbaren Hebel auf, über den das Seil bei der Benutzung ausgelenkt wird. Durch die Auslenkung des Seils wird der mit dem Benutzer verbundene Seilabschnitt verkürzt. Eine derartige Konstruktion gestattet eine sichere Straffung des Seils auch bei schnellen Lastwechseln.According to the invention, a tensioning device is provided, which has a device for deflecting the rope. The means for deflecting the rope may have a roller which causes a deflection of the rope. Preferably, the Tightening means a pivotable lever over which the cable is deflected in use. Due to the deflection of the rope, the cable section connected to the user is shortened. Such a construction allows a safe tightening of the rope even with fast load changes.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des Hebels ist die vergleichsweise geräuscharme Funktion. Dadurch erfährt der Patient bei den Übungen keine irritierenden Störgeräusche, was ihm sicheres Gefühl und volle Konzentration auf seine Bewegungsabläufe ermöglicht. Im Übrigen kann die Konstruktion des Hebels so beschaffen sein, dass sie nur ein geringes Gewicht aufweist. Auch dies wirkt sich vorteilhaft auf Wahrnehmung des Patienten aus.A significant advantage of the lever is the relatively low-noise function. As a result, the patient experiences no irritating noise during the exercises, which allows him to feel safe and to concentrate fully on his movements. Incidentally, the construction of the lever may be such that it has a low weight. This also has an advantageous effect on the perception of the patient.
Die Straffeinrichtung wird man vorzugsweise von der Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs entkoppeln. Ihre Funktionen sind also voneinander getrennt. Auch kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Straffeinrichtung und die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs örtlich voneinander getrennt sind.The tensioning device is preferably decoupled from the device for limiting the cable extension. Their functions are thus separated from each other. It can also be provided that the tensioning device and the device for limiting the cable extension are spatially separated from each other.
Die Grundeinstellung des Hebels ist so zu wählen, dass der Hebel in der gewichtsbelasteten Ruhestellung, in der der Benutzer auf dem Trampolin steht, sich aber noch nicht bewegt, das Seil bereits auslenkt. Beim anschließenden Auf- und Abschwingen wird das Seil zunehmend mehr ausgelenkt (Aufschwingen) und weniger ausgelenkt (Abschwingen).The basic setting of the lever is to be chosen so that the lever in the weighted rest position, in which the user is standing on the trampoline but has not yet moved, already deflects the rope. During the subsequent swinging up and down, the cable is increasingly deflected (swinging up) and less deflected (swinging).
Ab einem bestimmten Punkt findet zweckmäßig keine Auslenkung mehr statt. Dann ist das Seil gerade gespannt. In dieser Stellung kann die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs ausgelöst werden, wie es nachfolgend noch näher ausgeführt wird.From a certain point expedient no deflection takes place. Then the rope is just stretched. In this position, the device for limiting the cable extension can be triggered, as will be explained in more detail below.
Als vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, dass der Hebel mit Vorspannung an dem Seil anliegt. Grundsätzlich ist es vorstellbar, dass der Hebel lediglich mit seinem Eigengewicht das Seil auslenkt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist jedoch, wenn die Vorspannung des Hebels einstellbar ist. Dies kann beispielsweise über eine Feder erfolgen, insbesondere eine Spiralfeder, die im Bereich der Aufhängung des Hebels angeordnet ist.As it has proven advantageous that the lever rests with bias on the rope. Basically, it is conceivable that the lever deflects the rope only with its own weight. However, it is particularly advantageous if the bias of the lever is adjustable. This can be done for example by a spring, in particular a coil spring, which is arranged in the region of the suspension of the lever.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Hebels ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hebel einseitig gelagert ist und dass auf der Lagerachse des Hebels eine Umlenkrolle für das Seil angeordnet ist. Mit seinem einen Ende lenkt der Hebel also das Seil aus (hierzu weist der Hebel ebenfalls eine Rolle auf) und mit seinem anderen Ende ist der Hebel an der Fallschutzvorrichtung befestigt, wobei das Seil über die Umlenkrolle geführt ist. Eine derartige Konstruktion ist leichtläufig, zuverlässig, kompakt und langlebig.A preferred embodiment of the lever is characterized in that the lever is mounted on one side and that on the bearing axis of the lever, a pulley for the rope is arranged. With its one end, the lever thus deflects the rope (for this purpose, the lever also has a role) and with its other end, the lever is attached to the fall protection device, wherein the rope is guided over the deflection roller. Such a construction is smooth, reliable, compact and durable.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen dass die Seilbegrenzungseinrichtung erst dann auslöst, wenn der Seilauszug eine definierte Länge erreicht hat ist. Diese Länge ist dann erreicht, wenn der Patient die normale Schwungbahn (ggf. zuzüglich einem Sicherheitsfaktor) verlässt. Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs erst dann ausgelöst wird, wenn die Auslenkung aufgehoben ist. Im normalen Trainingsbetrieb wirkt also die Straffeinrichtung. Im Falle eines Sturzes wird die Auslenkung aufgehoben und das gesamte Seil so gestrafft, dass es die Einrichtung zur Begrenzung des Seilauszugs auslöst. Praktischerweise wird die Begrenzung des Seilauszugs gedämpft eingeleitet, damit der Benutzer nicht zu hart fällt.According to the invention it is provided that the rope limiting device only triggers when the cable extension has reached a defined length. This length is reached when the patient leaves the normal swing path (plus a safety factor, if applicable). The invention is characterized in that the means for limiting the cable extension is only triggered when the deflection is canceled. In normal training mode so the tightening device acts. In the case of a fall, the deflection is lifted and the entire rope is tightened so that it triggers the device for limiting the rope extension. Practically, the limitation of the cable extension is introduced damped, so that the user does not fall too hard.
In einer sehr einfachen Ausführungsform kann die erfindungsgemäße Fallschutzvorrichtung an der Decke aufgehängt sein. Dies birgt jedoch unter Umständen die Gefahr, dass die Decke die Fallschutzvorrichtung nicht hält. Insoweit wird es als besonders vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn die Vorrichtung einen Ausleger aufweist. Der Ausleger reicht bis über den Benutzer.In a very simple embodiment, the fall protection device according to the invention can be suspended from the ceiling. This holds however, there may be a risk that the ceiling will not hold the fall arrest device. In that regard, it is considered particularly advantageous if the device has a boom. The boom reaches above the user.
Den Ausleger wird man unmittelbar an einer Seitenwand befestigen oder vorzugsweise an einer Vertikalstütze, die ihrerseits an der Wand befestigt ist. Mit der Vertikalstütze und dem Ausleger kann also herstellerseitig ein System zur Verfügung gestellt werden, das in sich eine statische und dynamische Stabilität aufweist. Das System braucht lediglich an einer Wand befestigt zu werden, wobei die vertikalen Kräfte über die Vertikalstütze abgeleitet werden.The boom will be fixed directly to a side wall or preferably to a vertical support, which in turn is attached to the wall. With the vertical support and the boom, therefore, a system can be provided by the manufacturer, which has a static and dynamic stability in itself. The system only needs to be attached to a wall, with the vertical forces being dissipated via the vertical support.
Auch eine freistehende Konstruktion ist denkbar.Also a freestanding construction is conceivable.
Vorzugsweise ragt der Ausleger mit seinem vorderen Ende bis über das Trampolin. Der Ausleger ist also so dimensioniert, dass ein herkömmliches Mini-Trampolin unter dem Ausleger Platz findet. Ggf. wird man unter dem Ausleger noch einen Zutritt zum Trampolin schaffen, wie es im Folgenden noch näher erläutert wird.Preferably, the boom protrudes with its front end over the trampoline. The boom is so dimensioned that a conventional mini-trampoline can be accommodated under the boom. Possibly. you will still gain access to the trampoline under the boom, as will be explained in more detail below.
Die Straffeinrichtung und/oder die Begrenzung des Seilauszugs sind vorteilhafterweise im hinteren Bereich des Auslegers angeordnet.The tensioning device and / or the limitation of the cable extension are advantageously arranged in the rear region of the boom.
Insbesondere können die vorgenannten Elemente in der Vertikalstütz-Konstruktion, also beispielsweise zwischen zwei Vertikalstützen, angeordnet sein. Dort sind sie gut geschützt und einfach zu bedienen.In particular, the aforementioned elements in the vertical support structure, so for example between two vertical supports, be arranged. There they are well protected and easy to use.
Am vorderen Ende des Auslegers wird man eine Umlenkeinrichtung, insbesondere eine Umlenkrolle, anordnen, die das Seil zu dem rückwärtigen Ende des Auslegers führt. Vorzugsweise wird das Seil dort durch ein Umlenkrollensystem umgelenkt, das vorteilhafterweise so ausgestaltet ist, dass durch Verschieben mindestens einer der Umlenkrollen die Seillänge einstellbar ist.At the front end of the boom will be a deflection, in particular a guide roller, arrange, which leads the rope to the rear end of the boom. Preferably, the rope is deflected there by a Umlenkrollensystem, advantageously is configured so that the cable length is adjustable by moving at least one of the pulleys.
Die Fallschutzvorrichtung kann in verschiedenen Versionen zum Einsatz kommen. Die Versionen können auf ein unterschiedliches Leistungsniveau von Benutzern oder Behinderungsgrad von Patienten angepasst sein. Bei Patienten mit einer stärkeren Behinderung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine Hilfe vorgesehen ist, durch die der Patient zum Trampolin und auf das Trampolin gelangt. Eine vorteilhafte Konstruktion ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung eine Zuführeinrichtung aufweist, die entlang des Auslegers verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Der Benutzer wird also von der Ausgangsstellung die Zuführeinrichtung greifen und kann sich vorteilhaft an dieser abstützen und so auf das Trampolin gelangen. Die Zuführeinrichtung kann derart ausgestaltet sein, dass ein oberer Schlitten auf einer mit dem Ausleger verbundenen Schiene abgleitet.The fall protection device can be used in different versions. The versions may be adapted to different levels of users' performance or patient disability. In patients with a greater disability, it is advantageous if an aid is provided, through which the patient reaches the trampoline and the trampoline. An advantageous construction is characterized in that the device has a feed device, which is arranged displaceably along the arm. The user will therefore grab from the starting position, the feeder and can be advantageously supported on this and thus reach the trampoline. The feed device can be designed such that an upper carriage slides on a rail connected to the boom.
Zusätzlich kann zur Sicherung des Patienten eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung vorgesehen sein. Die Sicherheitsvorrichtung kann ein Seil oder ein Gurtsystem oder dergleichen sein, das der Benutzer in die bereits angelegte Sicherheitsweste einklinkt. Sobald der Benutzer auf dem Trampolin angekommen ist, wird er das Trainingsseil einklinken und die Sicherheitsvorrichtung ausklinken.In addition, a safety device may be provided to secure the patient. The safety device may be a rope or a belt system or the like, which the user latches into the already existing safety vest. Once the user has arrived on the trampoline, he will engage the training rope and unlatch the safety device.
Die Erfindung ist primär auf Benutzer mit Behinderungen oder Gangunsicherheiten ausgerichtet. Mit Hilfe des Trampolins wird eine Vielzahl von Muskeln im Körper gestärkt und trainiert. Gleichzeitig werden Gleichgewichtssinn und Sturzvermeidungsreflexe trainiert. Hierfür ist es wichtig, dass der Benutzer/Patient keine stark aktive Unterstützung im Sinne einer nach oben wirkenden Zugkraft erfährt. Eine zu starke Zugkraft würde das Gleichgewichtsempfinden verfälschen.The invention is primarily geared to users with disabilities or gangs. With the help of the trampoline a variety of muscles in the body is strengthened and trained. At the same time, sense of balance and fall-avoidance reflexes are trained. For this it is important that the user / patient does not receive strong active support in the sense of an upward pulling force. Too strong a tensile force would falsify the feeling of equilibrium.
In diesem Zusammenhang wird vorgeschlagen, dass nicht nur ein (Zug-) Seil, sondern zwei unabhängige Seile vorgesehen sind, die den Benutzer beidseitig sichern. In der Praxis wird der Benutzer, wie bereits zuvor erwähnt, eine Weste tragen, in die das Seil jeweils auf einer Seite im Bereich der Schultern eingeklinkt wird.In this context, it is proposed that not only one (pull) rope, but two independent ropes are provided, which secure the user on both sides. In practice, as mentioned above, the user will wear a vest in which the rope will be latched on one side in the region of the shoulders.
Zur Anpassung an den Benutzer (in seiner Größe und/oder Breite) ist das Seil vorzugsweise über eine flexible, insbesondere eine verschwenkbare Umlenkrolle geführt. Sofern ein Ausleger zum Einsatz kommt, wird man die flexible Umlenkrolle im Endbereich des Auslegers vorsehen. In konkreter Ausgestaltung kann die Umlenkrolle beispielsweise in einer Halterung gelagert sein, die verschwenkbar an dem Ausleger gehaltert ist. Eine alternative Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umlenkrolle an einem Drahtseil befestigt, das zweckmäßig an dem Ausleger befestigt ist. Das flexible Drahtseil gestattet eine flexible Ausrichtung des Seils.To adapt to the user (in size and / or width), the cable is preferably guided over a flexible, in particular a pivotable deflection roller. If a boom is used, you will provide the flexible pulley in the end of the boom. In concrete embodiment, the deflection roller may be mounted for example in a holder which is pivotally mounted on the boom. An alternative embodiment is characterized in that the deflection roller attached to a wire rope, which is suitably attached to the boom. The flexible wire rope allows flexible alignment of the rope.
Beide Seile sind vorteilhaft jeweils mit der Straffeinrichtung verbunden.Both ropes are advantageous each connected to the tensioning device.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der anhängenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei sind nur die
- Figur 1
- das Funktionsprinzip einer Fallschutzvorrichtung;
- Figur 2
- in einer schematischen Darstellung ein zweites Beispiel einer Fallschutzvorrichtung;
Figur 3- die Fallschutzvorrichtung nach
Figur 2 in einer Seitenansicht; Figur 4- die Fallschutzvorrichtung nach
Figur 2 und3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht; Figur 5- in einer schematischen Darstellung ein drittes Beispiel;
Figur 6- eine Detailansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels; und
- Figur 7
- eine weitere Detailansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels nach
Figur 6 .
- FIG. 1
- the operating principle of a fall protection device;
- FIG. 2
- in a schematic representation, a second example of a fall protection device;
- FIG. 3
- the fall arrester after
FIG. 2 in a side view; - FIG. 4
- the fall arrester after
FIG. 2 and3 in a perspective view; - FIG. 5
- in a schematic representation, a third example;
- FIG. 6
- a detailed view of an embodiment of the invention; and
- FIG. 7
- a further detailed view of the embodiment according to
FIG. 6 ,
Zusätzlich zu der Abstützung der Person durch die Zuführeinrichtung 2 ist die Person an einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung 6 gesichert, die im vorliegenden Fall als Seil, Draht oder Gurtsystem ausgebildet und mit dem Schlitten 4 verbunden ist.In addition to the support of the person by the feeder 2, the person is secured to a
Die Person 1 trägt eine Sicherheitsweste 7, in die im Bereich der Schultern die Sicherheitsvorrichtung 6 eingeklinkt ist.The person 1 wears a safety vest 7, in which the
Um auf das Trampolin 8 zu gelangen, muss die Person 1 zunächst in Richtung des Trampolins gehen und zum Beispiel eine Treppe 9 besteigen. Hierbei kann sich die Person 1 an der Zuführeinrichtung 2 abstützen, die entlang der Schiene 3 zur Trainingsposition verfährt, die durch die rechte Person in
Ist die Person auf dem Trampolin 8 angelangt, wird sich die Person zunächst mit einem zweiten Seil 10 - dem Trainingsseil - sichern, bevor sie das erste Seil 6 ausklinkt. Das zweite Seil 10 wird wie auch die Sicherheitsvorrichtung 6 in die Weste im Bereich der Schultern der Person 1 eingeklinkt. Für eine zusätzliche Stabilisierung kann sich die Person an einer Haltestange 11 festhalten.If the person has arrived on the trampoline 8, the person will first secure himself with a second rope 10 - the training rope - before it disengages the
Auf dem Trampolin 8 führt die Person 1 ihre Schwingungsübungen durch. Dabei wird das Seil 10 den Amplituden der Schwingungen der Trampolinmatte nachgeführt. Hierzu ist am Ende des Seiles 10 ein Gewicht 12 befestigt, das das Seil stets im wesentlichen straff hält. Im Falle eines eventuellen Sturzes der Person 1 schlägt das Gewicht 12 an einem Anschlag 13 an. Hierdurch wird der Seilauszug begrenzt und die Person wird trotz des Sturzes abgefangen.On the trampoline 8, the person performs 1 their vibration exercises. The
Das Seil 10 wird mehrfach umgelenkt. Im vorderen Bereich des Auslegers ist eine erste Umlenkrolle 15 angeordnet, über die das Seil 10 auf die rückwärtige Seite des Auslegers geführt wird. Anschließend wird das Seil 10 über weitere Rollen 16, 17 und 18 umgelenkt.The
Die Fallschutzvorrichtung ist mehrfach einstellbar. Eine erste Einstellung der nutzbaren Seillänge wird über die Rolle 17 vorgenommen, die in Richtung des Doppelpfeils verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Durch Verschieben der Rolle 17 in eine obere Stellung wir die nutzbare Seillänge länger und umgekehrt. Hierdurch kann man beispielsweise die nutzbare Seillänge an die Körpergröße des Benutzers 1 anpassen.The fall protection device is repeatedly adjustable. A first adjustment of the usable rope length is made via the
Eine zweite Einstellung wird durch den Anschlag 13 vorgenommen. Auch dieser Anschlag ist in Richtung des Doppelpfeils verstellbar.A second adjustment is made by the
Durch Verstellung des Anschlags kann beispielsweise die Auffanghöhe nach einem Sturz eingestellt werden. Damit die Abbremsung der Person im Falle eines Sturzes nicht zu abrupt erfolgt, ist der Anschlag 13 mit einer Dämpfungseinrichtung 19 versehen. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Gummi- oder Kunststoffpuffer, einen Gasdruckzylinder oder einen pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Dämpfer handeln.By adjusting the stop, for example, the catch height can be adjusted after a fall. Thus, the deceleration of the person in case of a fall is not too abrupt, the
Bei dem gezeigten Beispiel ist die Dämpfungseinrichtung 19 dem Anschlag 13 zugeordnet. Auch kann die Dämpfungseinrichtung 19 dem Gewicht zugeordnet sein.In the example shown, the damping
Mit dem Bezugszeichen 20 ist ein zweiter Anschlag gekennzeichnet, der eine zusätzliche Sicherungsfunktion hat und als Endanschlag wirkt.The
Die verstellbare Rolle 17 und/oder die verstellbare Seilzug-Begrenzungseinrichtung 13 sind auf Schienen oder Stangen 21 geführt. Dies ermöglicht eine einfache Verstellung und Festlegung in einer gewünschten Position.The
Das Seil 10 wird jeweils mehrfach umgelenkt, und zwar über eine feststehende Rolle 22, eine verstellbare Rolle 23 und feststehende Rollen 24. Am Ende des Seils 10 ist jeweils das Gewicht 12 befestigt, das das Seil gespannt hält. In der Endstellung schlagen die Gewichte 12 an dem Anschlag 13 an, wobei sie durch die Puffer 19 abgedämpft werden. Die Gewichte 12 sind auf/an Stangen 25 geführt.The
Das gezeigte Beispiel weist die folgenden Module auf:
- A Traverse, auf der die
Rollen 24 gelagert sind; - B Traverse, die zusammen
mit den Dämpfern 19den Anschlag 13 bilden; C Gewichte 12, diemit dem Seil 10 verbunden sind;- D Obere Antriebseinheit zur Verstellung des Anschlags 13 in Pfeilrichtung;
- E Untere Antriebseinheit zur Verstellung der unteren
Rollen 13; - F Traverse, auf der die
Rollen 23 gelagert sind; - G Lagerung für die
Gewindestange 26.
- A Traverse on which the
rollers 24 are mounted; - B Traverse, which together with the
dampers 19 form thestop 13; -
C weights 12 connected to thecable 10; - D upper drive unit for adjusting the
stop 13 in the arrow direction; - E Lower drive unit for adjusting the
lower rollers 13; - F Traverse on which the
rollers 23 are mounted; - G Support for the threaded
rod 26.
Die feststehenden Module A, D, E und G sind an einer Vertikalstrebe 27 befestigt. Das Modul B wird über die Antriebseinheit D eingestellt. Letztere weist eine Handkurbel 28 auf, über die eine Gewindestange 29 betätigbar ist, die in Gewindeeingriff mit dem Modul B steht. Das Modul F wird über die Antriebseinheit E eingestellt. Letztere weist eine Handkurbel 30 auf, die die Gewindestange 26 antreibt, die mit dem Modul F in Gewindeeingriff steht. Es versteht sich, dass anstelle der Handkurbel auch motorische Antriebseinheiten zum Einsatz kommen können.The fixed modules A, D, E and G are attached to a
Aus
Da bei dem gezeigten Beispiel zwei Seile 10 zum Einsatz kommen, gestattet die Fallschutzvorrichtung einen symmetrischen Aufbau der Gesamtkonstruktion. Darüber hinaus sind die Module A, B, D, F und G so konstruiert, dass sie die jeweiligen Baugruppen für das linke und das rechte Seil tragen. Lediglich das Modul C, das die Gewichte 12 umfasst, ist individuell ausgebildet, da das jeweilige Seil 10 individuell betätigbar sein muss.Since two
In den
Es wird auf
Die Einstellung der Länge des Seils 10 wird über die Feststelleinrichtung 36 vorgenommen. Hierzu weist die Feststelleinrichtung 36 einen Handgriff 40 auf, über den mittels eines Exzenters ein die Traversen M und N verbindender Schlitten 41 in Eingriff mit einer stationären Zahnstange 42 bringbar ist. Durch Verschieben des Schlittens 41 werden sämtliche Traversen entlang der Zahnstange 42 mit nach oben oder unten bewegt. In der vorgesehenen Stellung wird der Handgriff 40 umgelegt und der Schlitten 41 greift in die Zahnstange 42 ein.The adjustment of the length of the
In der normalen Trainingsstellung werden die Traversen L über jeweils einen Dämpfer 43 in der oberen Stellung - wie dargestellt - gehalten. Der Dämpfer stützt sich mit einem Ende an der unteren Traverse N und mit seinem anderen Ende an der beweglichen Traverse L ab.In the normal training position, the trusses L are each held by a
Der Ausschnitt der dargestellten Fallschutzvorrichtung stellt den hinteren Abschnitt der Fallschutzvorrichtung dar. Dieser hintere Abschnitt kann beispielsweise an einer Wand befestigt sein.The detail of the illustrated fall protection device represents the rear portion of the fall protection device. This rear portion may be attached to a wall, for example.
Das Seil 10 wird nach unten über eine erste Umlenkrolle 44, die an der stationären Traverse M befestigt ist, und anschließend über eine Umlenkrolle 45 geführt, die der beweglichen Traverse L zugeordnet ist. Das Ende des Seils 10 ist an der Traverse M festgelegt.The
Im Falle eines Sturzes des Benutzers wird das Seil 10 in Pfeilrichtung P1 gezogen. Dadurch bewegt sich die Traverse L in Richtung auf die Traverse M, und zwar so weit, bis sie auf einem Dämpfungsring 46 zur Anlage kommt. Der Seilauszug wird begrenzt. Die Bewegung erfolgt durch den Dämpfer 43 gedämpft. Alternativ schlägt die Traverse L direkt an der Traverse M an. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass der Dämpfer 43 selbst einen integrierten Anschlag aufweist.In the event of a fall of the user, the
Bei dem dargestellten Dämpfer handelt es sich um eine Gasfeder.The damper shown is a gas spring.
Der Hub der Gasfeder ist einstellbar, derart, dass die Ausgangsstellung festgelegt werden kann. Durch Voreinstellung des Dämpfers 43 ist es also möglich, den Dämpfungsweg einzustellen und damit an den Benutzer anzupassen. Die Einstellmöglichkeit ist durch die Stelleinrichtung 47 angedeutet.The stroke of the gas spring is adjustable, such that the starting position can be set. By presetting the
Es wird auf
Die erfindungsgemäße Straffeinrichtung wird gebildet durch einen Hebel 48. Der Hebel weist einen Hebelarm 49 auf, der an dem Ausleger 14 schwenkbar gelagert ist. An seinem Ende ist eine Umlenkrolle 50 befestigt, mit der der Hebelarm das Seil 10 auslenkt. Zur besseren Darstellung sind vier verschiedene Betriebszustände des Hebels 48 dargestellt, wobei in der obersten Stellung des Hebelarms 49 das Seil 10 straff ist und in der untersten Stellung das (strich-liniert dargestellte) Seil ausgelenkt ist.The tensioning device according to the invention is formed by a
Über eine Umlenkrolle 51 wird das Seil 10 nach unten geführt. Die Fortsetzung des Seils 10 findet sich in
Vorzugsweise weist der Hebel 48 eine weitere Umlenkrolle 52 auf, die vorteilhafterweise auf der Achse des Hebelarms 49 gelagert ist. Die Vorspannung des Hebelarms 49 auf das Seil 10 ist einstellbar. Hierzu ist in dem Lagergehäuse 53 des Hebelarms 49 eine Schneckenfeder angeordnet.Preferably, the
Während der Benutzung des Trampolins wird das Seil 10 bei jeder Schwingung aus- und eingezogen. Damit der Benutzer keine fremdbestimmten Lastwechsel erfährt, die sich negativ auf den Gleichgewichtssinn auswirken, ist eine wesentliche Forderung der Fallschutzvorrichtung, dass das Seil möglichst gleichmäßig und mit möglichst wenig Widerstand straff gehalten wird. Der Hebel 48 erfüllt diese Forderung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise.During use of the
Vorstehend wurde eine Fallschutzvorrichtung beschrieben, die ein Training von Patienten auf einem Trampolin ermöglicht. Es besteht aus den wesentlichen Komponenten Seil (Sicherheitsleine), Seilstraffeinrichtung und Fallbegrenzungseinrichtung. Die Fallbegrenzungseinrichtung wird im Sinne der Erfindung nicht gezwungenermaßen nur als Anschlag verstanden. Wie im Zusammenhang mit
Claims (15)
- Fall protection device for trampolines (8), with• at least one rope (10) which is preferably substantially non-elastic and capable of being connected to a user (1) of the trampoline,• at least one tensioning device (12; 48), which holds the rope (10) taut duringcharacterised in that,
use of the fall protection device, and with• that the tensioning device exhibits a device for deflecting the rope, and• that the device for limiting the rope extension is triggered when the deviation is cancelled. - Fall protection device according to claim 1, characterised in that the device for limiting the rope extension exhibits a stopper (13).
- Fall protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the device for limiting the rope extension exhibits at least one damper (19; 49).
- Fall protection device according to claim 3, characterised in that the degree of dampening of the damper (19; 43) is adjustable.
- Fall protection device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the damper (43) is coupled to one end of the rope.
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the length of the rope is adjustable.
- Fall protection device according to claim 6, characterised in that the adjustment of the usable rope length is carried out through adjustment of the device for limiting the rope extension.
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the fall height of the user is adjustable.
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the tensioning device (48) is decoupled from the device for limiting the rope extension (43, 45, 47).
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the device for deviating the rope is preferably a pivotable lever (48), through which the rope (10) is deviated during use.
- Fall protection device according to claim 10, characterised in that the lever (48) bears with a preload against the rope (10), wherein preferably the preload of the lever (48) is adjustable.
- Fall protection device according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the lever (48) is mounted on one side and that a deflection roller (52) for the rope (10) is positioned on the bearing axis of the lever.
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the fall protection device exhibits a arm (14) and that the tensioning device (12) and/or the device for limiting the rope extension are positioned in a rear portion of the arm (14).
- Fall protection device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the fall protection device presents a rope (10) on the right and the left side, which respectively are connected with the left and right side of the user, wherein preferably each rope is decoupled from each other and (10) is respectively connected to one tensioning device (12).
- Fall protection system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the rope (10) is guided across a deflection roller (15) which is flexibly movable, particularly pivotable, to the user for adjusting the guidance of the rope.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102009013203A DE102009013203A1 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2009-03-17 | Fall protection device |
PCT/EP2010/001654 WO2010105804A1 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | Fall protection device |
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EP2408414A1 EP2408414A1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
EP2408414B1 true EP2408414B1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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DE102006028363B3 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-08-09 | Bellicon Ag | Trampoline e.g. for physiotherapy, has hook-elements with separated reception sections for cord sections |
EP1908442A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-09 | Hocoma AG | Device for adjusting the prestress of an elastic means around a predetermined tension or position |
US8708872B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2014-04-29 | Cybex International, Inc. | Adjustable assembly for exercise apparatus |
-
2009
- 2009-03-17 DE DE102009013203A patent/DE102009013203A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-03-17 US US13/256,356 patent/US9387384B2/en active Active
- 2010-03-17 WO PCT/EP2010/001654 patent/WO2010105804A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-03-17 EP EP10711141.1A patent/EP2408414B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010105804A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
US20120018249A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
DE102009013203A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
EP2408414A1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
US9387384B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
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