EP2408307A1 - Systèmes de distribution biologique - Google Patents

Systèmes de distribution biologique

Info

Publication number
EP2408307A1
EP2408307A1 EP10705698A EP10705698A EP2408307A1 EP 2408307 A1 EP2408307 A1 EP 2408307A1 EP 10705698 A EP10705698 A EP 10705698A EP 10705698 A EP10705698 A EP 10705698A EP 2408307 A1 EP2408307 A1 EP 2408307A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
biocide
composition
biodelivery
biofilm
liposome
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10705698A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilson Kurt Whitekettle
Gloria Jean Tafel
Kimberly Murphy
Qing Zhao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/408,059 external-priority patent/US20100239627A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/408,048 external-priority patent/US20100239626A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/408,061 external-priority patent/US20100239630A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/408,027 external-priority patent/US20100239651A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/407,953 external-priority patent/US20100239650A1/en
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP2408307A1 publication Critical patent/EP2408307A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group

Definitions

  • the field of the invention generally relates to biodelivery systems for providing products or compounds, such as chemicals, to industrial systems.
  • the invention also relates to compositions for use in a targeted delivery of said compositions to bacterial biofilms various environments.
  • the biofilms offer a selective advantage to microorganisms to ensure the microorganisms' survival or to allow them a certain time to exist in a dormant state until suitable growth conditions arise.
  • this selective advantage poses serious threats to health, or to the efficiency and lifetime of industrial systems.
  • the biofilms must be minimized or destroyed to improve the efficiency of industrial systems, or remove the potential health threats.
  • biofilms that need to be treated.
  • industries include, but are not limited to, agriculture, petroleum, oil drilling, oil pipelines, oil storage, gas drilling, gas pipelines, gas storage, chemical, pharmaceutical, mining, metal plating, textile, papermaking, brewing, food and beverage processing, and semiconductor industries.
  • biofilms are continuously produced and often accumulate on numerous structural or equipment surfaces or on natural or biological surfaces.
  • the presence of these biofilms causes a decrease in the efficiency of industrial machinery, requires increased maintenance and presents potential health hazards.
  • biofilms can cause serious problems, including pipeline blockages, corrosion of equipment by growth of underfilm microbes and the growth of potentially harmful pathogenic bacteria.
  • Water cooling tower biofilms may form a harbor or reservoir that perpetuates growth of pathogenic microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila.
  • biofilms such as those found in the food industry, are complex assemblages of insoluble polysaccharide-rich biopolymers, which are produced and elaborated by surface dwelling microorganisms. More particularly, biofilms or microbial slimes are composed of polysaccharides, proteins and lipopolysaccharides extruded from certain microbes that allow them to adhere to solid surfaces in contact with water environments and form persistent colonies of sessile bacteria that thrive within a protective film.
  • the film may allow anaerobic species to grow, producing acidic or corrosive conditions.
  • processes and antimicrobial products are needed to control the formation and growth of biofilms.
  • Control of biofilms involves the prevention of microbial attachment and/or the removal of existing biofilms from surfaces. While removal in many contexts is accomplished by short cleansing treatments with highly caustic or oxidizing agents, the most commonly used materials to control biofilms are biocides and dispersants.
  • U.S. patent no. 6,759,040 teaches a method for preparing biofilm degrading, multiple specificity, hydrolytic enzyme mixtures that are targeted to remove specific biofilms.
  • U.S. patent no. 6,267,897 relates to a method of inhibiting biofilm formation in commercial and industrial water systems by adding one or more plant oils to the system.
  • biocides are effective in controlling dispersed microorganism suspensions, i.e. planktonic microbes, biocides do not work well against sessile microbes, the basis of biofilms. This is due to the fact that biocides have difficulty penetrating the polysaccharide/protein slime layers surrounding the microbial cells. Thicker biofilms see little penetration of biocides and poor biocide efficacy is the result.
  • Biodispersants may operate to keep planktonic microbes sufficiently dispersed so that they do not agglomerate or achieve the local densities necessary to initiate the extracellular processes responsible for anchoring to a surface, or initiating film- or colony-forming mechanisms. As components in biocidal treatment formulations, these biodispersants have helped in opening channels in the biofilm to allow better permeability of the toxic agents and to better disperse the microbial aggregates and clumps that have been weakened and released from the surfaces. However, biodispersants have proven to be more effective in preventing initial biofilm formation than in removing existing biofilms. In many cases, the activity of biodispersants has been responsible for only 25 to 30% biomass removal from biofouled surfaces, even when used in conjunction with a biocidal agent.
  • a biodelivery system has been found which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of introducing antimicrobial compounds into complex biofilm matrices, through the use of liposome carriers, which can be used in natural, medical and industrial applications.
  • the delivery system can minimize or eliminate fouling in industrial systems, including, but not limited to, aqueous systems, such as piping, heat exchangers, condensers, filtration systems and media, and fluid storage tanks.
  • liposomes containing an antimicrobial agent are added to a water system prone to biofouling and biof ⁇ lm formation.
  • the liposomes being similar in composition to the outer surface of the microbial cell wall structure or to the material on which the microbes feed, are readily incorporated into the microbes present in the existing biofilm.
  • the polysaccharide/protein matrix Upon the death of the organisms, the polysaccharide/protein matrix cannot be replenished and decomposes and thereby results in reduced bio fouling of the water bearing system.
  • this biofilm removal or destruction therefore results in increased heat transfer (industrial heat exchanger), increased flux (filter or filtration membrane), less deposit of colloidal and particulate solids and dissolved organics on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, thereby reducing the frequency and duration of the membrane cleaning and ultimate replacement, or general reduction of corrosive surface conditions in pipelines, tanks, vessels or other industrial equipment.
  • An alternate embodiment of the invention provides for a delivery system of actives into a natural, medical or industrial system, which can be chosen from the group consisting of anti-corrosion treatments, pesticides for agriculture and commercial home uses, food additives and preservatives, chemical and biological detection, color and flavor enhancement, odor control and aquatic pest management.
  • Fig. 1 is chart setting forth results obtained from an isothiazolin according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is chart setting forth further results obtained from an isothiazolin according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is chart setting forth results obtained from an isothiazolin according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is chart setting forth results obtained from a substituted nitrilopropionamide according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are charts setting forth results obtained from an ammonium salt according to embodiments of the invention.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 are charts setting forth results obtained from a substituted propanediol biocide according to embodiments of the invention.
  • Fig. 9 is chart setting forth results obtained from a phosphonium salt according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Approximating language may be applied to modify any quantitative representation that could permissibly vary without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related. Accordingly, a value modified by a term or terms, such as "about”, is not limited to the precise value specified. In at least some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. Range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, and such ranges are identified and include all the sub-ranges included herein unless context or language indicates otherwise. Other than in the operating examples or where otherwise indicated, all numbers or expressions referring to quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions and the like, used in the specification and the claims, are to be understood as modified in all instances by the term "about”.
  • a delivery system has been found which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of introducing antimicrobial compounds into complex biofilm matrices through the use of liposome carriers, which can be used in natural, medical and industrial applications.
  • the delivery system can minimize or eliminate fouling in industrial systems, including, but not limited to, aqueous systems, such as cooling towers, piping, heat exchangers, condensers, filtration systems and media, and fluid storage tanks.
  • liposomes containing a biocidal or antimicrobial agent or compound are added to an industrial system prone to biofouling and biofilm formation.
  • the liposomes being similar in composition to microbial membranes or cells, are readily incorporated into the existing biofilm.
  • the antimicrobial compound-containing liposomes diffuse into, adsorb or otherwise become entrained with the biofilm matrix, the microorganisms existing within the biofilm matrix will ingest the liposome structure, resulting in the decomposition or disintegration of the liposome inside the intracellular matrix of the microorganism, thereby releasing the antimicrobial compound into the intracellular matrix of the microorganism, ultimately resulting in the death of the microorganism.
  • lipid decomposition and biocide release can be programmed to occur by making the lipid matrix sensitive to pH, redox potential, Ca +2 concentration, or other changes. Thereafter the biocidal component that may be concentrated in the aqueous core of the liposome or in the lipid membrane portion of the liposome, is released to react directly with the biofilm-encased microorganisms.
  • a biocide at high levels to the bulk water system a small quantity of liposome-encased biocide is taken up by the biofilm or by free (planktonic) organisms, and degradation of the liposome releases the biocide locally in or at the target organisms or their film matrix niche.
  • the biocide thus attains a high concentration locally to kill the target organisms, and upon the death of the organisms, the polysaccharide/protein matrix that forms the biofilm cannot be maintained or regenerated and decomposes, and thereby results in reduced fouling of the water bearing system, resulting in increased heat transfer, increased flux, less deposit of colloidal and particulate solids and dissolved organics on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, thereby reducing the frequency and duration of the membrane cleaning and ultimate replacement or other benefits.
  • Liposomes are systems in which lipids are added to an aqueous buffer to form vesicles, structures that enclose a volume.
  • the liposomes may be comprised of lipids selected from the group consisting of phospholipids, lethicin, phosphatidyl choline, glycolipid, triglyceride, sterol, fatty acid, sphingolipid, or combinations thereof.
  • liposomes are microscopic vesicles, most commonly composed of phospholipids and water.
  • the liposomes may be made from phospholipids derived from various sources, including, but not limited to soybeans and eggs. When properly mixed, the phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer or multilayers, very similar to a cell membrane, surrounding an aqueous volume core.
  • Liposomes can be produced to carry various compounds or chemicals within the aqueous core, or the desired compounds can be formulated in a suitable carrier to enter the lipid layer(s).
  • Liposomes can be produced in various sizes and may be manufactured in submicron to multiple micron diameters. The liposomes may be manufactured by several known processes.
  • Liposomes can be produced in diameters ranging from about 10 nanometers to greater than about 15 micrometers. When produced in sizes from about 100 nanometers to about 2 micrometer sizes the liposomes are very similar in size and composition to most microbial cells.
  • the biocide or antimicrobial compound containing-liposomes should be produced in sizes that mimic bacterial cells, for example, from about 0.05 to about 15 ⁇ , or alternately, about 0.1 to 10.0 ⁇ .
  • effective amounts of the biocide containing liposome is introduced into an industrial system which is prone to biofouling and biofilm formation, or can be introduced into systems that already exhibit signs of biofouling or biofilm formation.
  • the effective amount will vary according to the antimicrobial compound or biocide, and the aqueous system to which it is added, but one embodiment provides from about 0.01 ppm to about 100 ppm, with an alternative of from about 0.05 to about 50 ppm, alternately from about 0.05 to about 5.0
  • the liposomes being similar in composition to microbial membranes, or cell walls, are readily incorporated into the existing biofilm and become entrained within the biofilm matrix.
  • the liposomes containing biocides have improved penetration of the biofilm matrix, due to similarity in composition and structure with the biofilm. Once the liposome is incorporated or entrained within the existing biofilm matrix, the liposome will begin to disintegrate. Upon the decomposition or programmed disintegration of the liposome, the biocidal compound contained within the aqueous core of the liposome is released to react directly with the biofilm encased microorganisms, resulting in their demise. Upon the death of the organisms, the polysaccharide/protein matrix will rapidly decompose, freeing the surface from contaminating microbes.
  • a principal feature of one embodiment of the present invention is that the liposomes constitute extremely small hydrophobic bodies that may readily survive in and disperse in systems, such as for example, aqueous or natural systems, and yet will adsorb to or penetrate a biofilm and preferentially target or be targeted by the microbes that inhabit, constitute or sustain the biofilm.
  • the liposomes deliver a biocidal agent directly to the microbes or biofilm, resulting in effective locally biocidal level of activity, without requiring that the industrial system as a whole sustain a high dose.
  • delivery via liposome may be dosed at levels an order of magnitude or more lower in the aqueous system, yet still achieve, or build up to a level that effectively controls or removes biofilm.
  • This lower level of biocide concentration has positive effects on the environment due to the efficacy resulting from the delivery system.
  • an embodiment provides for flexibility in where the liposomes are actually delivered into the system.
  • the delivery of the liposomes may be delivered to that particular portion or point of the system, such that the delivery of the biodelivery composition is to a targeted location, and not necessarily privy to or exposed to the entire system.
  • an entire system or process need not be flooded with or treated with biocides.
  • antimicrobial or “biocide” or “biocidal” have been employed to describe the agent carried by the liposome
  • these agents need not be the highly bioactive materials normally understood by those terms, but may include a number of relatively harmless materials that become highly effective simply by virtue of their highly localized release.
  • surfactants or harmless ammonium or phosphonium halide salts when released locally, may affect the normal action of extracellular colony-forming secretions, and are to be included as antimicrobial or biocidal agents for purposes of the invention, and the same mechanism may be employed to deliver other treatment chemicals to the targeted biofilm sites.
  • Aqueous systems that can be treated by this method include, but are not limited to, potable and non-potable water distribution systems, cooling towers, boiler systems, showers, aquaria, sprinklers, spas, cleaning baths, air washers, pasteurizers, air conditioners, fluid transporting pipelines, storage tanks, ion exchange resins, food and beverage processing lines, metalworking fluid baths, coal and mineral slurries, metal leaching fluids, wastewater treatment facilities, mollusk control, pulp and papermaking operations, acid mine drainage, or any application prone to biofouling by microbial species.
  • Application such as oil drilling, oil storage tanks or oil pipelines, where biofilms form in stagnant or pooled aqueous sumps or lenses along the conduit system, may also be effectively treated.
  • Additional applications for liposome delivery of a treatment chemical comprise natural, medical and industrial systems, such as, but not limited to anti- corrosion treatments for equipment generally, delivery of hormone, vitamin or antioxidant treatments or antibiotic and gene therapies for medical or veterinary purposes, delivery of pesticides for agriculture and commercial home uses, effective formulations of food additives and preservatives, targeted delivery for chemical and biological detection systems, color and flavor enhancement, odor control, fungicides, rodenticides, insecticides, mildew control and aquatic pest management.
  • biocides for example non-oxidizing biocides
  • Various biocides can be incorporated into the liposome, which would be effective.
  • the use of certain biocides has shown the efficacy of this delivery system versus inclusion of biocides in the industrial systems wherein the biocide is outside of the liposome delivery system.
  • the level or concentration of biocides is measured in active levels, to provide consistency across various forms of the same biocide.
  • One embodiment of the invention calls for the use of isothiazolin-3-one biocides. These isothiazolin-3-one liposome formulations are more effective at killing and removing biofilms when compared to the same isothiazolin-3-one compounds at the same active concentrations, which are introduced into systems, but not incorporated in liposomes, as the liposome containing biocides readily penetrate the microbial biofilms and are highly effective at destroying the biof ⁇ lm matrix.
  • This liposome delivery method may comprise 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothizolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, but any substituted isothiazolin-3-one based biocide can be made significantly more effective when delivered in a liposome biodelivery system or composition.
  • An example of an isothiazolin-3-one compound is lsothiazolin-3-one
  • R H, Cl, Br, I, C n H (n+2)
  • X H, Cl, Br, I, C n H (n+2)
  • Y H, Cl, Br, I, C n H (n+2)
  • the active range is from about 0.02 to about 10.0 actives, and alternately from about 0.03 to about 5.5 active.
  • An alternate embodiment of the invention provides for liposomes produced that incorporate the biocide a substituted nitrilopropionamide , for example DBNPA.
  • the DBNPA liposome formulation targets and eliminates higher levels of biofilm when compared to the same DBNPA compound at the same active concentration that is not incorporated into liposome delivery systems.
  • the liposome biocide readily penetrates the microbial biofilm and is highly effective at destroying the biofilm cells and associated slime complex. This liposome delivery method has been proven with 2,2- dibromo-3-nitrilo-propionamide, but it is believed that any substituted nitrilopropionamide biocide active could be made significantly more effective when delivered in a liposome format.
  • Non-limiting examples of substituted nitrilopropionamide are shown below. Also, another possibility from the family of nitrilopropionamide compounds comprises DBNPA, 2,2,dibromo-3 -nitrilopropionamide, is also shown. 3-Nitrilopropionamide
  • X 1 F, Cl, Br, I 1 CH 3
  • H X 2 F, Cl, Br, I, CH 3
  • H Y 1 F 1 Cl, Br, I 1 CH 31
  • H Y 2 F 1 Cl, Br, I 1 CH 3 , H
  • the active range is from about 0.2 to about 25 actives, and alternately from about 0.5 to about 12.5 actives.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides for liposomes that are produced which incorporate quarternary ammonium salts, such as the cationic surfactant and biocide alkyl,dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC Quat).
  • ADBAC type quats are one form of ammonium salts that may be used as a biocide in the liposome delivery system, but any substituted quaternary ammonium salt biocide active, such as for example dialkyl dimethyl quats, can be more effective when delivered in a liposome format.
  • Non-limiting examples of quaternary ammonium salts are shown with the following general formula: ADBAC / DIALKYL QUATS
  • the active range is from about 2.0 to about 250 actives, and alternately from about 4.0 to about 125 actives.
  • Asfurther embodiment of the invention comprises substituted propanediol biocide actives, such as for example, 2-bromo,2-nitro, 1,3,propane-diol (BNPD) active, a representative of the substituted propanediol class of compounds.
  • substituted propanediol compounds include Substituted Propanediols
  • Effective amounts of a substituted propanediol biocide incorporated into the liposome would include from about 1.0 to about 100 biocide actives, or alternately about 2.5 to about 8.0 biocide actives.
  • a further embodiment of the invention liposomes produced that incorporate the biocide phosphonium salts for example the cationic surfactant and biocide tributyltetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC).
  • the TTPC liposome formulation targets and eliminates higher levels of biofilm when compared to the same TTPC compound at the same active concentration that is not incorporated into liposome delivery systems.
  • the liposome biocide readily penetrates the microbial biofilm and is highly effective at destroying the biofilm cells and associated slime complex.
  • This liposome delivery method has been proven with TTPC, but any phosphonium salts biocide active could be made significantly more effective when delivered in a liposome format.
  • Non-limiting examples of phosphonium salts are shown as:
  • THPS Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate
  • Effective amounts of a phosphonium salt biocide incorporated into the liposome would include from about 1.0 to about 100 biocide actives, or alternately about 1.5 to about 50.0 biocide actives
  • Liposomes of the present invention may be created as multi-layer bodies, in which one or more additional layers are provided to enhance the stability of the liposomes or to effectuate a programmed release of the underlying lipid body and contents.
  • this technology may be used to encapsulate medicines for intracorporal delivery, such that the additional layers may include a protective layer that is hydrolyzed or otherwise breaks down over time to provide a sustained release or longer lifetime of the underlying liposome.
  • Such additional layer may additionally or alternatively include an encapsulating polymer that selectively breaks down when the multi-layer liposome encounters a low-pH environment, like the corrosive high acidity environment that may develop beneath a biofilm.
  • a layer may also be compounded to be vulnerable to sulfur- fixing bacteria, causing the liposome to specifically release its biocide in proximity to these corrosive organisms often present in a waste or pipeline system. Furthermore, several such layers may be employed to assure a sufficient lifetime of the liposome, preferably on the order of several days as well as an ability to target a specific niche or environment in the biofilm. This assures that the liposomes will effectively encounter the target organisms or biofilm colonies and deliver their biocides thereto.
  • the lipid material itself may be treated to provide enhanced resistance to hydrolysis or decay, or the added layers may be formed of various hardenable or cross-linkable oils or polymers.
  • An alternate embodiment of the invention provides for a biodelivery composition for delivering at least one antimicrobial composition into a biofilm present in an industrial system, wherein the biofilm comprises at least one microorganism species; b) the biodelivery composition comprises a liposome structure containing at least one lipid or phospholipid type component; and c) the liposome structure encapsulates at least one antimicrobial composition.
  • a further embodiment provides for the targeted delivery of biocide actives into an industrial system, such as an industrial aqueous system, by introducing into said system an effective amount of said biocides in a critical area of said system.
  • an industrial system such as an industrial aqueous system
  • the efficacy of the liposome system provides for a noteworthy impact on the environment as well as the cost of maintaining a system, as the entire system does not need to be flooded with biocides, only the specific area of interest.
  • the non-liposomal isothiazolin is listed as Kathon av, each of the liposome samples were made by three different technicians and are referred to by code.
  • the tables and charts show the concentration of the isothiazolin versus the percent inhibition of the biofilm. It is clear from both the tables and the figures that in all three trials, the liposomal isothiazolin formulations exhibited more effective biofilm killing/ removal efficiency than the isothiazolin control (listed as Kathon av) in every liposome concentration that was tested.
  • the liposome carrier is highly effective at delivering biocide to the biofilm at low isothiazolin concentrations, thus providing better biofilm control at much reduced isothiazolin concentrations (reduced toxicity and cost performance).
  • One batch of liposomes (150 nanometers average diameter) was created that incorporated a substituted nitrilopropionamide biocide as the active ingredient.
  • the liposomes were then placed in microtiter plates that had microbial biofilms coating them.
  • the microbe inhibiting efficacy of the substituted nitrilopropionamide liposomes was then compared with non-liposomal substituted nitrilopropionamide biocide when used at the same nitrilopropionamide concentrations.
  • the liposomes containing substituted nitrilopropionamide particularly DBNPA, penetrated the biofilm and inhibited the biofilm organisms much more effectively than the non-liposomal substituted nitrilopropionamide solution.
  • liposomes Two batches of liposomes (150 nanometers average diameter) were created that incorporated an ammonium salt biocide as the active ingredient, specifically a quaternary ammonium salt, 50% alkyl, dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
  • ADBAC quaternary ammonium salt
  • the liposomes were then placed in microtiter plates that had microbial biofilms coating them.
  • the microbe inhibiting efficacy of the ADBAC liposomes was then compared with non-liposomal ADBAC biocide when used at the same ADBAC concentrations.
  • the liposomes containing ADBAC penetrated the biofilm and inhibited the biofilm organisms much more effectively than the non-liposomal ADBAC solution.
  • liposomes 150 nanometers average diameter
  • a phosphonium salt biocide Bellacide 350TM (BWA, Tucker, GA) as the active ingredient.
  • the liposomes were then placed in microtiter plates that had microbial biofilms coating them.
  • the microbe inhibiting efficacy of the phosphonium salt liposomes was then compared with non-liposomal phosphonium salt biocide when used at the same concentrations.
  • the liposomes containing phosphonium salt penetrated the biofilm and inhibited the biofilm organisms much more effectively than the non- liposomal phosphonium salt solution.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de distribution biologique qui augmente l'efficacité et le rendement de l'introduction de composés anti-microbiens dans des matrices de biofilm complexes par l'utilisation de vecteurs liposomiaux, ce qui permet d'éliminer la contamination biologique des réseaux d'eaux industriels, y compris dans les canalisations, les échangeurs de chaleur, les condenseurs, les systèmes de filtration et les réservoirs de stockage de fluide. Selon l'un des modes d'application de l'invention, les liposomes contenant le composé antimicrobien sont ajoutés aux réseaux d'eau sujets à contamination biologique et formation de biofilms. Les liposomes, de composition similaire aux membranes microbiennes ou aux cellules, s'incorporent facilement au biofilm existant. Une fois les liposomes contenant le composé antimicrobien entraînés avec la matrice de biofilm, ils se décomposent ou se désintègrent. Ensuite, le cœur biocide est libéré pour réagir directement avec les micro-organismes encapsulés dans le biofilm. À la mort des organismes, la matrice se décompose, ce qui diminue la contamination du réseau d'eau et permet d'augmenter les transferts de chaleur et le débit, et de réduire les dépôts de solides colloïdaux et particulaires et de matières organiques dissoutes à la surface des membranes de microfiltration. Ceci diminue la fréquence et la durée de nettoyage des membranes et repousse leur remplacement.
EP10705698A 2009-03-20 2010-02-12 Systèmes de distribution biologique Withdrawn EP2408307A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/408,059 US20100239627A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2009-03-20 Quarternary ammonium salts delivery systems
US12/408,048 US20100239626A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2009-03-20 Propanediol delivery systems
US12/408,061 US20100239630A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2009-03-20 Phosphonium salts delivery systems
US12/408,027 US20100239651A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2009-03-20 Nitrilopropionamide delivery systems
US12/407,953 US20100239650A1 (en) 2009-03-20 2009-03-20 Isothiazolin biodelivery systems
PCT/US2010/023973 WO2010107533A1 (fr) 2009-03-20 2010-02-12 Systèmes de distribution biologique

Publications (1)

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EP2408307A1 true EP2408307A1 (fr) 2012-01-25

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EP10705698A Withdrawn EP2408307A1 (fr) 2009-03-20 2010-02-12 Systèmes de distribution biologique

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EP (1) EP2408307A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102355822A (fr)
AU (1) AU2010226257A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1006466A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2754820A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2011009900A (fr)
TW (1) TW201036543A (fr)
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WO2010107533A1 (fr) 2010-09-23
BRPI1006466A2 (pt) 2017-05-30
MX2011009900A (es) 2011-09-30
CN102355822A (zh) 2012-02-15
TW201036543A (en) 2010-10-16
CA2754820A1 (fr) 2010-09-23
AU2010226257A1 (en) 2011-10-06

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