Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/32—Coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/36—Shape
  • C10L5/361—Briquettes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/36—Shape
  • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a carbonaceous fuel.
• Such fuels can be used, for example, to convert carbonaceous raw materials into preferably liquid fuels.
• DE 102 27 074 A1 discloses a process for the gasification of biomass and a plant for this purpose. In this case, the substances are burned in a gas-tightly separated from a gasification combustion chamber combustion chamber, and introduced the heat energy from the combustion chamber in the gasification reactor.
• renewable resources such as wood, straw, hay and oil-bearing plants can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels such as fuel oil and natural gas.
• fossil fuels such as fuel oil and natural gas.
• garbage and waste are increasingly being discovered as secondary raw materials and sent for thermal recycling.
• the ash softening point at around 800 0 C is significantly lower than, for example, wood at 1200 ° C.
• Addition of lime also increases the ash melting point or the ash softening point in the case of pressings made from forest and residual wood and thus permits use of the fuel pellets at temperatures in the thermal conversion process above 1,200 ° C. This also applies to pressed parts from waste and sewage sludge with a high mineral content.
• the present invention is therefore based on the object to improve a fuel for Verga sungsanlagen.
• the invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and a method by means of which the fuel an additive can be supplied, which improves the possibility for its gasification.
• a possibility should be created to dose such additives or to be able to supply in variable amounts.
• a low-dust method is to be made available to supply the raw material, for example, with lime.
• the fuel is formed by compression of carbonaceous raw material and addition of a thermal utilization of the fuel-promoting additive in a predetermined amount, wherein the additive is a chemical compound from the elements calcium and / or magnesium with or without carbon.
• the additive is a chemical compound from the elements calcium and / or magnesium with or without carbon.
• alkaline earth salts could find application.
• the carbonaceous raw material is compressed in a first step and in this way a fuel compact is produced, and then the additive is fed to at least one region and preferably at least one surface of this fuel compact.
• this feeding preferably takes place before the thermal utilization, ie in particular before the introduction of the fuel into a gasifier.
• the fuel for example, from primary raw materials such as renewable energy wood, residual and waste wood, forest wood, wood chips, straw, hay but also raw materials of fossil origin such as coal and secondary raw materials such as waste and garbage in compressed form as pressure by the subsequent addition of the Additive such as lime, prepared and thereby an increase in the ash melting point or ash softening point is achieved in a thermal recycling process.
• primary raw materials such as renewable energy wood, residual and waste wood, forest wood, wood chips, straw, hay
• raw materials of fossil origin such as coal
• secondary raw materials such as waste and garbage in compressed form as pressure
• the additive may be applied to the fuel compact in the desired proportion after the actual manufacturing process, that is, the pressing of the fuel, so that the ash melting point or ash softening point of the fuel compact in the thermal utilization process adjusted to a process-optimal level fuel-specific can be, which level prevents clumping, slagging or vitrification of the ash.
• the additive is lime or a lime-containing substance.
• other calcium and / or magnesium with or without carbon-containing compounds and in particular calcium carbonate rocks, such as chalk or dolomite, but also magnesium oxide and / or calcium oxide, would be useful.
• a liquid substance is applied to the fuel compact, wherein said liquid substance contains the additive or is the additive.
• the additive is applied in particular liquid consistency and / or different strength, preferably on the surface thereof.
• the additive is supplied to a plurality of surfaces or surface segments of the fuel compact. This means that the application of the additive can be wholly or partially, one-sided or multi-sided or even inside or outside on the surface.
• the addition of the additive to the surface is carried out by brushing the additive, spraying the additive, pressing the additive, immersing the fuel compact in the additive, combinations thereof, or the like. It is possible, for example, that the application of the additive, for example of lime, via a printing, brushing, dipping or spraying device, such as a roller, a brush, by means of a dip or by means of a nozzle.
• the additive is in liquid consistency when applied, which can be both a viscous and low viscosity consistency. This also depends on the process-optimal proportion of the ratio of additive to fuel.
• the thermal utilization promoting substance such as lime
• another substance such as water and / or a binder supplied.
• the additive is composed in this case of lime and water.
• the proportion of lime in the additive is variable, which can be reacted to different process conditions.
• the additive contains water or binder. It would also be possible, for example, for lime to be in liquid form, and to contain, in addition to water, also binders which make it possible to change the consistency of the liquid state. It would also be possible that initially on the
• Fuel compact is applied an adhesive layer and on this turn the additive.
• the one rough surface of the fuel compact is utilized. It is also possible that a correspondingly thin liquid additive enters the interior of the fuel pellet, or interspersed.
• the additive is preferably fed to the fuel compact in such an amount that the weight fraction of the substance promoting the thermal utilization is between 0.5% and 10%, preferably between 1% and 3% (based on the total weight of the fuel compact).
• the fuel compact is transported along a predetermined transport path. It is possible that the fuel compact is first generated by pressing and then funded. As mentioned above, the addition of the additive, and in particular of lime, to the surface of the fuel compact causes a fuel-specific adaptation or increase in the ash melting point or ash softening point in a subsequent thermal utilization process.
• the mentioned fuel pellets may have different ash melting points or ash softening points depending on their composition.
• the shape of the compacts may be different, for example, round, oval or angular, in different thicknesses and lengths.
• the formed by a strong compression formed fuel pellets remain dimensionally stable during storage over several months and no clumping, caking or merging of the compacts takes place. Therefore, a favorable debris and flowability and meterability of the compacts according to the invention is given even after longer storage times. Due to the longer storage times, the addition of lime to the fuel pellets is recommended by a lime dust free process.
• the binding of the additive or lime to the surface of the fuel compact is improved by the fact that the compacts have a high temperature after the pressing process and therefore the additive dries relatively quickly.
• the lime-containing fuel compacts treated in this way have no disadvantages in terms of strength and stability to pressures without addition, since - as mentioned - the additive is preferably applied to the surface thereof.
• the inventive method allows an adaptation of the amount of lime to be applied in the manner described above with a short reaction time, so that the ash melting point or the ash softening point can be influenced quickly depending on the mineral composition of the fuel.
• the present invention further relates to a process for converting carbonaceous products into preferably liquid fuels, wherein in a first process step a carbonaceous fuel is produced according to a process of the type described above and subsequently the fuel is gasified in a gasifier and preferably a fixed bed gasifier ,
• the present invention is further directed to an apparatus for producing a carbonaceous fuel having a pressing device that presses a carbonaceous raw material into fuel pellets and an adding device which supplying to the raw material a thermal utilization of the fuel promoting additive.
• the feed device is arranged downstream in a conveying direction of the fuel with respect to the pressing device and is designed such that it supplies the additive to at least one surface or a region of the fuel compact.
• the inventive device is designed such that the fuel compact is first generated, and then this, preferably via its surfaces, the additive is supplied.
• a predetermined transport path is arranged between the pressing device of the feed device, along which the fuel compact can be transported.
• the fuel compact can also be cooled along the transport route.
• the feed device has a metering device to meter the amount of the additive.
• the metering device can be designed so that it varies, for example, the lime content within the additive, but it would also be possible that the metering device is designed so that the amount of additive in its entirety, which reaches the fuel compact, is variable.
• the feed device preferably has a spraying device or a coating device which applies the additive to the fuel compacts.
• the feed device is arranged above a transport path of the fuel compact.
• this feed device can be designed such that it acts on a continuous strand of the compact.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention.
• This device 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention.
• This device 1 has a pressing device 12, to which a raw material 2 can be supplied via a feed device 22.
• the Pressing device 12 generates from this raw material a fuel compact 6, which can be pushed out of this by a tube 13 of the pressing device 12.
• the reference numeral 14 denotes an adding device, which feeds additive 4 to the already pressed fuel compacts.
• this addition device may have a reservoir 15 for storing the additive.
• the feed device 14 has one or a plurality of spray heads or nozzles 8 in order to apply the additive to the fuel compacts 6.
• a mixing device (not shown) which mixes the additive, for example the substance promoting the thermal utilization with a further substance, such as, for example, water.
• a predetermined proportion of the substance promoting the thermal utilization can be adjusted.
• a cooling and transport path 18 adjoins the feed device, along which a cooling of the fuel pellets 6 takes place.
• an application device could be provided, and which is arranged between the pressing device 12 and the feed device 14, and which feeds the fuel compact another additive such as an adhesive.
• the fuel compact 6, which is already supplied with the additive along its transport path downstream of the feed device, is guided on a frame 20, as shown in FIG.
• the fuel compact thus produced and charged with the additive could be stored or else fed directly to a gasifier (not shown).
• the additive Due to the high temperatures of the fuel compact, the additive dries quickly. In contrast, no additive is inserted into the pressing device 12, so that abrasion can be prevented in this way.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (10)

• 2009
  • 2009-03-05 DE DE102009011356A patent/DE102009011356A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-03-03 EP EP10707885A patent/EP2403929A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-03-03 CN CN2010800128344A patent/CN102361964A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-03-03 US US13/254,776 patent/US8974558B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-03-03 WO PCT/EP2010/052653 patent/WO2010100173A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-03-03 UA UAA201111659A patent/UA107343C2/uk unknown
  • 2010-03-03 EA EA201190155A patent/EA021631B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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