Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
  • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
  • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
  • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
  • H02S20/24—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures specially adapted for flat roofs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
  • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
  • F24S25/11—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface using shaped bodies, e.g. concrete elements, foamed elements or moulded box-like elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
  • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
  • F24S25/16—Arrangement of interconnected standing structures; Standing structures having separate supporting portions for adjacent modules
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
  • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
  • F24S2025/013—Stackable support elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
  • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
  • F24S2025/014—Methods for installing support elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
  • F24S2080/015—Plastics
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
  • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for supporting a solar panel, preferably a photovoltaic panel (PV), intended for installation on a flat roof or more generally on a flat horizontal surface.
• the invention also relates to an assembly of such a support device and a photovoltaic panel and to a combination of such assemblies, nested in lines laterally with respect to optimal solar exposure.
• the invention relates to a roof comprising such an assembly or such combination of assemblies, as well as to the laying method.
• US 4,378,006 A discloses a first rudimentary solar panel support device comprising a transportable and stackable base in the form of a tray. Reinforcement elements in the tray support support legs that allow the solar panel to tilt against the sun.
• the document FR 2 463 370 A discloses a heat transfer fluid solar collector device comprising a sensor panel in the form of a parallelepipedic tank and a support and connection frame in which the connecting face between the solar panel and the frame and the connecting face between the frame and the roof covering form between them a dihedral angle.
• This document teaches that device can be installed on any type of roof to obtain the desired inclination or orientation, including on flat roofing.
• EP 0 857 926 Bl discloses a support device for one or more solar panels and / or thermal collectors for an appropriate orientation installation thereof on a flat roof.
• This device similar to the previous device, is in the form of a one-piece plastic container having a bottom wall, a rear wall, a front wall and two side walls. The side walls have an upper edge inclined from the back to the front so as to tilt a solar panel which is secured to the tray at an angle of 25 ° to the horizontal.
• the hollow part of the tank may contain a ballast such as concrete slabs.
• the bins are designed to be stackable by interlocking. However, these supports are also designed to be used individually and do not have means of attachment or other to secure them together in the form of lines or dies.
• WO 02/063219 A1 discloses a synthetic tray-shaped support made in one piece for a solar panel having support faces on a flat roof and an inclined upper face having a flange or a circumferential rim for support the solar panel.
• the hollow part of the tank can be ballasted.
• the flange has orifices for receiving means for attaching the solar panel, preferably at a circumferential profile thereof.
• the supports do not have means for securing them together to form line assemblies for example, which makes ballasting absolutely necessary.
• the document WO 2004/066351 A discloses a plastic frame enabling a housing to be supported in a housing. solar panel following an inclined surface.
• the frame is extended by a front flange and a rear flange both having orifices for fasteners in the form of screws or rivets.
• the rear flange has a groove in which can be introduced the front flange of the next frame.
• the housing of the frame receiving the solar panel has pressure equalization and ventilation holes.
• the different assemblies frame / solar panel can be joined together by mechanical means, including laterally. No ballasting is planned.
• ballast parts In some areas, if snow loads are added to the ballast loads (these are typically more than 50 kg per support, typically), total loads are prohibitive for the strength of the roof.
• the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art.
• the invention aims to design a product that does not affect the waterproofness of roofs by perforating fasteners.
• the invention also aims to ensure the deflection of the winds to use this force to apply the solar panels on the roofs.
• the invention also aims to overload the roofs as little as possible.
• the invention also aims to provide a single product to meet different formats of photovoltaic panels on the market.
• the invention also aims to cool and properly ventilate the hidden side of the photovoltaic panel.
• the invention also aims to provide inexpensive support and easy and fast installation.
• a first object of the present invention relates to a solar panel support made of synthetic material for an arrangement according to a collaborating assembly of several supports of the same type in lines. on a horizontal surface, essentially forming a prismatic structure consisting of a base, at least one front face, at least one rear face, at least two side faces and an oblique face connecting the respective upper edges said faces with the exception of the base, comprising lower support means of the support on said surface located at least on a perimeter area of the base and upper support means for the solar panel in the form of a perimeter edge at the oblique face of the prism, characterized in that the perimeter rim of the support has on its upper side and on one of its lateral sides locating heels of the solar panel and on the opposite lateral side a shoulder for connecting in flake and in line, in the plane of the oblique face, a second support.
• the support comprises at least one or a suitable combination of the following features: - when the shoulder is located on the right side, respectively the left side of the support, the support is reduced in length by cutting a portion located on the left side, respectively on the right side, parallel to the side faces, to allow said flake connection closer together, the cut support being then used as second, third, ...
• support it has grooves on each of the lateral sides of the peripheral rim for inserting clamps or clamps of the solar panel on the support and on the adjacent solar panel; it has ventilation holes and cooling of a hollow part under the panel solar when the latter is in place on the support; it presents on the one hand internal cuts and on the other hand crenellations at the level of the perimetric zone of the base, for the drainage of rain water; the lower support means of the support on said surface are exclusively located on the perimeter area of the base, the support then having no bottom but optionally lateral reinforcements; the solar panel is a photovoltaic panel.
• a second object of the invention relates to an assembly collaborating in line of a plurality of supports, as described above, said supports being assembled in flake closer together in a direction transverse to the solar incidence. , with a corresponding number of solar panels, substantially parallelepiped shape, such that said assembly comprises only solid prismatic faces offering no wind resistance except ventilation and cooling ports.
• the supports are secured to each other on surface portions which overlap by means of clips.
• the solar panels are fixed to the supports and to each other by means of clamps or clamps, preferably of the number of 4 per support, having fins which are inserted into the grooves made in the supports and a single or double head depending on whether the fasteners are arranged respectively at the beginning / end of the line or not.
• a third object of the invention relates to a flat surface or flat roof comprising a combination of a plurality of collaborating online assemblies as described above, characterized in that:
• the location of line assemblies is provided by maintaining a minimum distance on the edge of roof corresponding to l / 5 th of the roof height.
• the supports are made, for example by thermoforming, high density polyethylene (HDPE) free of chlorine (HDPE) or ABS, and / or the flat surface or roof is covered with an EPDM waterproofing membrane.
• PIB or bituminous, and / or the attachment means are zamak injected parts and / or the support plates are made of EPDM.
• a fourth object of the present invention relates to a method of installing and laying a plurality of collaborating assemblies in line on a flat surface or flat roof, as described above, comprising at least the steps follows: - where appropriate, we respect a minimum distance without roof trim location corresponding to l / 5 th of the roof in height;
• the first line of supports and PV panels starting with laying a first line of profiles by fixing them to support plates themselves glued to the surface, said profiles having a groove oriented forward; - After taking the gluing of the plates, the first support is connected to the far left of the profile line by inserting a rear lip of the latter in said groove and the support is immobilized on the profile by means of self-drilling screws ;
• the first support is immobilized by placing and gluing two support plates at the front of the support;
• the second support is laid in the profile and on the first support, in flake on the shoulder of the first support, the second support is immobilized with self-drilling screws at the rear of the support and the plates of support glued to the front of the support and the two supports are secured by means of clips at the front and rear;
• the single-headed claws are placed in the grooves to the left of the first support; placing the first PV panel on the first abutment support on the upper and left side heels of the first support;
• the second PV panel is placed with a stop on the upper heels of the second support and on the aforementioned right-hand claws and the claws on the right are tightened on the first and second PV panels; in the same way, the third support and the third PV panel are installed and fixed, and so on; we finish the line by placing and fixing the last support and the last PV panel and we tighten the single-headed claws placed in the grooves to the right of the last support; the second line of supports and PV panels is laid in the same way towards the south, respecting an appropriate distance between the lines, but by sticking only the support plates (7) of the extreme supports in the line and so on .
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a typical implantation plot for an installation of PV panels in lines on a flat surface, using the supports according to the present invention.
• FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of an embodiment of a PV panel support according to the present invention.
• Figure 3 details all the parts necessary for installation of PV panels according to the present invention.
• Figure 4 schematically shows the step of installation and assembly of aluminum profiles.
• Figure 5 schematically shows the installation of the support # 0.
• Figure 6 schematically shows the fixing of the panel # 0 on the ground and the laying of the tags at the beginning of the line.
• Figure 7 shows schematically the attachment of the first PV panel and the installation of the support # 1.
• Figure 8 schematically shows the attachment of the support # 1 to the floor and the panel # 0, and the installation of the second PV panel and the next support.
• Figure 9 schematically shows the installation and fixing of the support and the PV panel at the end of the line.
• FIG. 10 represents a perspective view of another advantageous embodiment of a PV panel support according to the present invention (supports # 0 and # 1).
• the PV panel support is made in one piece called "shell” 1 in the remainder of this presentation, by a thermoforming process or other, high density polyethylene (HDPE) or ABS, 100% recycled.
• the constituent materials of this shell are flame retardant and meet the requirements of fire protection standard DIN 4102, class B2.
• the basic thickness of the hull is 4-5mm.
• the shell 1 is substantially in a more or less complex prismatic shape consisting of a base 101, two front faces 102 two rear faces 103, twice two lateral faces 104 (each with an outer face and one inner face) and one oblique face 105 connecting the respective upper edges of said faces with the exception of the base, the shell 1 having lower support means 106 of the support on said surface located at least on a perimeter area of the base 101 and upper support means 107 for the solar panel 30 in the form of a perimeter edge at level of the oblique face 105 of the prism.
• the lower support means 106 can be found exclusively on the perimeter zone of the base 101.
• the rigidity of the shell 1 can then be ensured by lateral reinforcements 108 connecting for example the front face internal 102 to the inner rear face 103.
• thermoforming incorporates in this form all the functions necessary for the support 1 of the PV panel (see FIG.2): - lateral positioning heels 23 of the PV panel (left); longitudinal hooking heels 19 of the PV panel (on the upper support surface thereof); grooves 20 for fixing the PV panel to the fastening and clamping means (oblong holes); apertures 17 for ventilation and cooling of the PV panel;
• the support is made in the form of stackable modules (for example by 40 or 50 pieces on a pallet), which facilitates the transport and transport of roof supports.
• the PV array supports are assembled and joined transversely in lines relative to the optimal solar incidence (so in the east-west direction).
• One of the major principles of the invention is to achieve a collaborative assembly in lines without ballasting and without bonding on all modules. It consists of the realization of a support assembly by means of a single starting shell, which can be adapted, by digital cutting programming, to disengage the left part of the support, at different lengths of PV panels located on the market.
• the following support hulls in the assembly therefore leave the same molding as the first. Thanks to their particular shape, the different support modules are assembled together by interlocking shell.
• This assembly has the advantage of easy recovery of tolerances and differential expansions.
• This system is particularly advantageous in the case of complex roofs having certain sloping parts (for example formation of cobra support lines). Forward-back links between the lines, as is sometimes the case in the state of the art, are not provided here, but could be implemented in the case of certain markets where the latitude requires a angle of 10 degrees. In this case, the system is secured laterally and in the front-to-back direction.
• Each module is designed to allow inclined attachment of the solar panel at an acute angle to the horizontal, preferably varying between 10 and 30 degrees, and preferably 20 degrees for the latitudes of Western Europe.
• any other angular value can be provided at the level of the realization of the support for the inclination PV panel, to take into account the position of the sun which may be different in other parts of the globe (eg in the USA).
• the volume is advantageously hollow inside the module and provided with grooves or spaces 17 (as indicated above) in one or more walls to provide ventilation of the hollow volume via a communication with the outside air , which increases the efficiency of the PV panel.
• the assemblies can be nested in each other and their connection can be further improved by laying longitudinal profiles 3, 4
• each PV panel is placed and fixed on its support by four clamps (or clamps or clamps) which are inserted into the above-mentioned grooves 20. More preferably, two types of clamps will be used.
• the plates 5, 6 are injected parts zamak.
• the number of parts and the hardware are greatly reduced (see FIG. 3). Lateral positioning heels on the left 23
• the hulls have small heels or crenellations 24 at their base in contact with the ground to allow the flow of water. Similarly, the hulls have on their internal face openings 18 for the passage of rainwater.
• the invention also has the following characteristics:
• a minimum distance must be respected with respect to the edges of the roof (FIG. 1).
• the distance between the lines of the supports B varies according to the width of the PV panels (see the two upper drawings), to guarantee permanent sunlight without shadows on the PV panel. It may also be necessary, in some locations, to glue or sink the supports at least to the perimeters of the roof (shaded area in the lower drawing, FIG. 1) to counteract slippage and tilting, or uplift caused by depressions generated by winds.
• the bonding advantageously avoids the installation of ballast and the piercing of the roof by the fasteners.
• support plates are glued under the supports located in the gray zone.
• roof waterproofing membranes can be envisaged, e.g. EPDM, Rhepanol® (or PIB), PVC, roofing, etc.
• the support plates are preferably made of EPDM, which ensures a good adhesion with the roof coating.
• the bonding zone must be degreased beforehand.
• a pressure is then generated for creep of the adhesive to the perimetric limit of the plate.
• the weighting of the support is also possible if the roof allows the recovery of these loads. However, this solution should be avoided in areas where heavy snow loads must be taken into account.
• the ballasting is achieved by the contribution of gravel, stones, pavers, slabs or other.
• the weighting charges vary between the perimeter of the roof (grayed out) and the central zone (where they will be around twice less, for example).
• the profiles ensure a detachment PV panel supports that allow the flow of rainwater.
• the use of profiles in the installation of the supports also allows a fast alignment of the lines.
• the profile is preferably an aluminum profile which has a slot or groove which will abut the lip of the PV panel support at the bottom of the outer rear face thereof. After bonding, the rear lip of the support is introduced into the groove of the aluminum profile at an angle of about 60 ° and the support is folded towards the ground (FIG. 5), generating a slight thrust to introduce the lip at the bottom of the profile.
• the support is then immobilized at the back on the profile by means of two self-drilling screws (see detail FIG. 6). For the first line, two support plates are placed and glued to the front of the support (see detail FIG.6).
• the supports # 1 and following have the same shell shape as the brackets # 0 except that they are amputated a certain distance from the left side to allow a support on each other flake. This cut also makes it possible to use a single shell, thus a single mold, to adapt to several dimensions (especially in length) of PV panels.
• the shells are provided with a support rebate (shoulder 22 in FIG.2) which allows the support # 1 to rest on the support # 0, and so on, in the same plane reference .
• the clues used at support # 0, on the left, are two AB clades, or single-headed 5 (see FIG.3).
• the slam is presented in the alignment of the oblong hole 20 up to the height of the opening of the fins 51.
• a quarter turn is applied to the slam 5 to insert it and to orient the upper part of the hook 52. It is pushed back then the two claws at the left end of the opening (see detail FIG.6).
• the first PV panel is placed on the support # 0 by capping the two upper heels 19 and let down the frame to put it in support.
• the PV panel retained, it slides left to the stop of the two lateral heels 23.
• the two clamps are then tightened with a key (see detail FIG.7).
• the support # 1 is then secured to the profile by two self-drilling screws at the rear (see detail FIG.
• Front and rear clips 11 are placed at the junction of the two supports # 0 and # 1 (see detail FIG. The installation of clips is intended to secure the cheeks of the supports and thus prevent any wind. This is done step by step for the following supports and PV panels. At the end of the line, at the right end of the last PV panel support, two AB blocks 5 are again placed for fixing the last PV panel (see FIG. 9).

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=42665984

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• 2010
  • 2010-02-24 WO PCT/EP2010/052335 patent/WO2010097406A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-02-24 EP EP10706202A patent/EP2401560A2/de not_active Withdrawn

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