EP2399818A1 - Ship anchor - Google Patents

Ship anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2399818A1
EP2399818A1 EP10006561A EP10006561A EP2399818A1 EP 2399818 A1 EP2399818 A1 EP 2399818A1 EP 10006561 A EP10006561 A EP 10006561A EP 10006561 A EP10006561 A EP 10006561A EP 2399818 A1 EP2399818 A1 EP 2399818A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
head
ship
rod
anchor rod
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EP10006561A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2399818B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Fimbinger
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PL10006561T priority Critical patent/PL2399818T3/en
Priority to EP10006561A priority patent/EP2399818B1/en
Priority to ES10006561T priority patent/ES2402261T3/en
Publication of EP2399818A1 publication Critical patent/EP2399818A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2399818B1 publication Critical patent/EP2399818B1/en
Priority to HRP20130338AT priority patent/HRP20130338T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/38—Anchors pivoting when in use
    • B63B21/44—Anchors pivoting when in use with two or more flukes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship anchor with an anchor head to which an anchor rod is pivotally connected at one end about a transverse thereto pivot axis between stops, wherein the anchor head are provided with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod symmetrical flank opposite, the tips of the tips in the direction of a central pivot position project the anchor rod from the anchor head.
  • Known plow anchors tend especially on sandy anchorage for tilting, also prepare problems when digging on scree and are also suitable only for low continuous loads up to about 2,500 Newton.
  • Known plate anchors eg AT 409120 B
  • they are more reliable because they do not tilt sideways during burial and have two flukes whose tips are sharp under the weight of the anchor Cut the reason, which can be made even easier by particularly pronounced flocculation tips.
  • With increasing burial depth results in an increasing holding power even in soft or sandy ground.
  • the anchor will be deformed or the anchor chain breaks if the anchor penetrates too aggressively into the anchorage, so that the soil resistance increases strongly within a short penetration distance.
  • a controlled steady increase in ground resistance is desirable during the burying of the armature until the anchor has reached a stable seat in the anchorage, with his fluke increasingly boring deep into the ground.
  • the present invention has the object to design a ship anchor of the type mentioned in such a way that the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and a structural design of the anchor in adaptation to the ship's tonnage or the given displacement is easy and inexpensive to implement.
  • the anchor head has a joint cavity which forms a socket for an existing end of the anchor rod bearing head, on its side facing away from the tips of the flounces ends as an open hole and this lying opposite with a Guide slot for the pivotal movement of the anchor rod opens, such that the anchor rod is loosely mounted in the anchor head.
  • the flukes while anchors on the anchor base can schlieren, slightly against this hiring until the Eingrabphase begins to then increasingly penetrate into the ground, with reaching the anchorage of the anchor, the anchor rod has taken its corresponding stop position in the guide slot of the anchor head.
  • suitable design of the anchor head it has the expert in the hand to influence the angle of attack of the flukes to the anchorage between the fixed by the design of the guide slot attacks the anchor rod.
  • the open bore of the joint cavity is releasably closed with a lid.
  • the lid according to a further embodiment, an outwardly curving rounded shape.
  • the lid can be suitably formed by a segment disc, which is arranged transversely to the bore of the joint cavity and bolted on both sides with the anchor head.
  • the bearing head of the anchor rod is formed as a spherical approach to the end of the anchor rod.
  • a conceivable variant of this could also be a disc-shaped design of the bearing head with a rounded neck.
  • the flukes with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod obliquely project away from the anchor head to the outside, thus with the pivot plane of the anchor rod in each case an angle between 15 and 30 ° lock in.
  • the invention further provides that in the connecting region of the flukes with the anchor head of this transversely to the plane of the flukes projecting plate-shaped pivot approaches are provided.
  • These pivoting approaches are like the flukes firmly connected to the anchor head. Since they protrude laterally, they cause especially in the forward direction of the anchor, the pivoting of the flukes with their tips against the anchorage.
  • the pivoting lugs are advantageously designed so that they form a base surface for the flukes and are extended in all directions beyond.
  • the anchor head has a substantially spherical housing.
  • the spherical shape additionally offers the advantage that it can absorb relatively large forces without the housing of the anchor head deforming against the flukes.
  • the joint cavity of the anchor head is suitably dimensioned both for the passage of the anchor rod through the guide slot and for the entry of the bearing head of the anchor rod through the bore.
  • the bore of the joint cavity is to close after insertion of the anchor rod with a lid to give the anchor rod axial support.
  • the lid can also be formed only as a disc, which forms a stop for the bearing head of the anchor rod inside and is rounded to the outside, so that the anchor reaches its possible placement on the anchorage no stable position, but tilts forward in the Eingrabposition ,
  • the life of the anchor can be extended; Accordingly, it is provided that the anchor is subjected to a surface hardening in the oven after casting and then smoothed in the shot peening jet.
  • the parts of the ship anchor are preferably made of seawater-resistant stainless steel, surface-hardened to about 30 HRC and then blasted with stainless steel balls. As steel quality, for example, 1.4405 stainless steel is suitable.
  • the production by means of a casting model made of foam is extremely cost-effective. It is preferably for larger yachts from 30 m in length corresponding to an anchor weight of about 250 kg in question.
  • Fig. 1 shows the ship anchor in perspective view. It essentially consists of an anchor head 1 and an anchor rod 2.
  • the anchor rod 2 runs slightly conical and ends at its end remote from the anchor head with an eyelet 3 for attachment of the anchor cable.
  • a bearing head 4 At the opposite end is a bearing head 4, which in a joint cavity 5 Fig. 2 ) of the anchor head 1 is received.
  • the anchor head Toward the anchor rod 2, the anchor head has a guide slot 6, in which the anchor rod 2 can be pivoted between stops in accordance with the slot length.
  • two flukes 7 are formed, which serve to dig in train on the anchor rod 2 with the tip tips 8 ahead in the anchorage.
  • the two flukes 7 are each flattened, as shown in the side view Fig.
  • the anchor head 1 has centrally an approximately spherical housing 9, on whose opposite outer sides the flukes 7 are attached; in the base region of the fluke 7 are located transversely to the plane of the fluke 7 protruding from the housing 9 plate-shaped pivot projections 10 projecting in all directions beyond the base of the fluke 7 also. Essentially, it depends on their projections 11 in the two directions of pull, which rest against the anchorage and thereby pivot the fluke 7 in the direction of the anchorage, so that the tips 8 can penetrate into the anchorage.
  • the joint cavity 5 which ends at the top with a socket 14, which is adapted to the spherical shape of the bearing head 4 of the anchor rod 2.
  • the joint cavity 5 has on the bottom side a bore 15, which, as to Fig. 2 described, is closed by the segment disc 3, so that the anchor rod is secured in the axial direction, namely, is slightly movable but can not escape from the joint cavity.
  • the anchor rod 2 is solid.
  • it can also be made in three parts as in Fig. 4 shown. It then consists of an actual rod member 16 which is inserted at one end into a corresponding seat bore of a bearing part 17 and held there by means of a locking screw 18.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The anchor has two anchor palms (7) provided at an anchor head (1) and symmetrically moved towards a pivoting plane of an anchor rod (2). The anchor head comprises a joint hollow space, which forms a joint socket for a bearing head (4) that is provided at an associated end of the anchor rod. The space runs towards a side as an opened hole, where the side is turned towards anchor palms tips (8). The joint hollow space runs opposite to the side with a guide slot (6) for pivoting motion of the rod such that the rod is detachably supported at the head in a guided manner. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a ship anchor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schiffsanker mit einem Ankerkopf, an welchem eine Ankerstange mit einem Ende um eine quer dazu verlaufende Schwenkachse zwischen Anschlägen verschwenkbar angelenkt ist, wobei am Ankerkopf zwei bezüglich der Schwenkebene der Ankerstange symmetrische Flunken gegenüberliegend vorgesehen sind, deren Flunkenspitzen in Richtung einer mittleren Schwenklage der Ankerstange vom Ankerkopf abragen.The invention relates to a ship anchor with an anchor head to which an anchor rod is pivotally connected at one end about a transverse thereto pivot axis between stops, wherein the anchor head are provided with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod symmetrical flank opposite, the tips of the tips in the direction of a central pivot position project the anchor rod from the anchor head.

In der Schifffahrt sind zahlreiche Bauformen von Ankern sowohl für kleiner Boote als auch große Yachten bekannt, bei welchen es auf ein einfaches und wirksames Setzen des Ankers durch den Skipper und seine Seemannschaft ankommt. Insbesondere wird dabei angestrebt, den Anker auch in schwierigen Ankergründen mit möglichst wenigen Manövern sicher zu setzen, so dass er auch dann nicht ausbricht, wenn die Yacht bei kenterndem Strom oder durch Winddrehung schwoit.In shipping numerous anchor designs are known for both small boats and large yachts, where it depends on a simple and effective placement of the anchor by the skipper and his seamanship. In particular, the aim is to secure the anchor even in difficult anchorage reasons with as few maneuvers as possible, so that it does not break even when the yacht swirls in kenterndem current or by wind rotation.

Bekannte Pfluganker neigen insbesondere auf sandigen Ankergründen zum Verkanten, bereiten auch Probleme beim Eingraben auf Geröll und sind überdies nur für niedrige Dauerlasten bis zu ca. 2.500 Newton geeignet.Known plow anchors tend especially on sandy anchorage for tilting, also prepare problems when digging on scree and are also suitable only for low continuous loads up to about 2,500 Newton.

Bekannte Plattenanker (z.B. AT 409120 B ) sind demgegenüber zuverlässiger, da sie während des Eingrabens nicht zur Seite kippen und zwei Flunken aufweisen, deren Spitzen unter dem Gewicht des Ankers scharf in den Grund einschneiden, was durch besonders ausgeprägte Flunkenspitzen noch erleichtert werden kann. Mit zunehmender Eingrabtiefe ergibt sich eine zunehmende Haltekraft auch in weichem oder sandigem Untergrund. Besonders bei größeren Yachten besteht die Gefahr, dass der Anker verformt wird oder die Ankerkette reißt, wenn der Anker zu aggressiv in den Ankergrund eindringt, so dass der Bodenwiderstand innerhalb einer nur kurzen Eindringstrecke stark anwächst. Zumindest für größere Yachten ist daher während des Eingrabens des Ankers ein kontrolliert stetiges Ansteigen des Bodenwiderstands anzustreben, bis der Anker einen stabilen Sitz im Ankergrund erreicht hat, wobei sich seine Flunken zunehmend tief in den Untergrund einbohren.Known plate anchors (eg AT 409120 B On the other hand, they are more reliable because they do not tilt sideways during burial and have two flukes whose tips are sharp under the weight of the anchor Cut the reason, which can be made even easier by particularly pronounced flocculation tips. With increasing burial depth results in an increasing holding power even in soft or sandy ground. Especially with larger yachts there is a risk that the anchor will be deformed or the anchor chain breaks if the anchor penetrates too aggressively into the anchorage, so that the soil resistance increases strongly within a short penetration distance. At least for larger yachts, therefore, a controlled steady increase in ground resistance is desirable during the burying of the armature until the anchor has reached a stable seat in the anchorage, with his fluke increasingly boring deep into the ground.

Dementsprechend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schiffsanker der eingangs genannten Art derart zu gestalten, dass die vorstehend genannten Nachteile vermieden werden und eine konstruktive Auslegung des Ankers in Anpassung an die Schiffstonnage bzw. die gegebene Verdrängung einfach und kostengünstig realisierbar ist.Accordingly, the present invention has the object to design a ship anchor of the type mentioned in such a way that the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and a structural design of the anchor in adaptation to the ship's tonnage or the given displacement is easy and inexpensive to implement.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß an einem Schiffsanker der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass der Ankerkopf einen Gelenkhohlraum aufweist, der eine Gelenkpfanne für einen am zugeordneten Ende der Ankerstange vorhandenen Lagerkopf bildet, auf seiner den Flunkenspitzen abgewandten Seite als offene Bohrung ausläuft und der dieser gegenüber liegend mit einem Führungsschlitz für die Schwenkbewegung der Ankerstange ausmündet, derart, dass die Ankerstange lose geführt im Ankerkopf gelagert ist.This object is achieved on a ship anchor of the type mentioned above in that the anchor head has a joint cavity which forms a socket for an existing end of the anchor rod bearing head, on its side facing away from the tips of the flounces ends as an open hole and this lying opposite with a Guide slot for the pivotal movement of the anchor rod opens, such that the anchor rod is loosely mounted in the anchor head.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene lose Aufnahme des Lagerkopfs der Ankerstange in einem den Lagerkopf überwölbenden Gelenkhohlraum des Ankerkopfs können sich die Flunken während der Anker über den Ankergrund schliert, leicht gegen diesen anstellen bis die Eingrabphase beginnt, um dann zunehmend in den Untergrund einzudringen, wobei mit Erreichen der Haltestellung des Ankers die Ankerstange ihre entsprechende Anschlagposition im Führungsschlitz des Ankerkopfs eingenommen hat. Durch geeignete Gestaltung des Ankerkopfs hat es der Fachmann in der Hand, den Anstellwinkel der Flunken zum Ankergrund hin zwischen den durch die Bemessung des Führungsschlitzes festgelegten Anschlägen der Ankerstange zu beeinflussen.By inventively provided loose recording of the bearing head of the anchor rod in a bearing head overarching joint cavity of the anchor head, the flukes while anchors on the anchor base can schlieren, slightly against this hiring until the Eingrabphase begins to then increasingly penetrate into the ground, with reaching the anchorage of the anchor, the anchor rod has taken its corresponding stop position in the guide slot of the anchor head. By suitable design of the anchor head, it has the expert in the hand to influence the angle of attack of the flukes to the anchorage between the fixed by the design of the guide slot attacks the anchor rod.

Entsprechend der losen Führung der Ankerstange im Gelenkhohlraum des Ankerkopfs ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die offene Bohrung des Gelenkhohlraums mit einem Deckel lösbar verschlossen ist.
Damit der Anker beim Auftreffen des Ankerkopfs auf den Ankergrund nach vorwärts in die Anstellposition der Flunken kippt, weist der Deckel nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung eine nach außen hin auswölbende gerundete Form auf.
Um zu erreichen, dass der Gelenkhohlraum möglichst freigespült wird, so dass die Ankerstange leicht beweglich im Gelenkhohlraum aufgenommen ist, kann der Deckel zweckmäßig durch eine Segmentscheibe gebildet sein, welche quer zur Bohrung des Gelenkhohlraums angeordnet und beidseitig mit dem Ankerkopf verschraubt ist.According to the loose guidance of the anchor rod in the joint cavity of the anchor head is inventively provided that the open bore of the joint cavity is releasably closed with a lid.
Thus, the anchor tilts when hitting the anchor head on the anchorage forward in the setting position of the fluke, the lid according to a further embodiment, an outwardly curving rounded shape.
In order to achieve that the joint cavity is flushed free as possible, so that the anchor rod easily movable is received in the joint cavity, the lid can be suitably formed by a segment disc, which is arranged transversely to the bore of the joint cavity and bolted on both sides with the anchor head.

Ebenfalls im Sinne der angestrebten losen Führung der Ankerstange im Ankerkopf besteht ein weiterer Ausgestaltungsvorschlag darin, dass der Lagerkopf der Ankerstange als kugelförmiger Ansatz am Ende der Ankerstange ausgebildet ist. Eine denkbare Variante dazu könnte auch eine scheibenförmige Ausgestaltung des Lagerkopfs mit gerundetem Ansatz sein.Also in the sense of the desired loose management of the anchor rod in the anchor head, another design proposal is that the bearing head of the anchor rod is formed as a spherical approach to the end of the anchor rod. A conceivable variant of this could also be a disc-shaped design of the bearing head with a rounded neck.

Um ein seitliches Wegkippen des Ankers möglichst zu unterbinden, ist nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Flunken bezüglich der Schwenkebene der Ankerstange schräg vom Ankerkopf weg nach seitlich außen abragen, somit mit der Schwenkebene der Ankerstange jeweils einen Winkel zwischen 15 und 30° einschließen.In order to prevent a lateral tilting of the anchor as possible, it is provided according to a further embodiment of the invention that the flukes with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod obliquely project away from the anchor head to the outside, thus with the pivot plane of the anchor rod in each case an angle between 15 and 30 ° lock in.

Um das Eindringen der Flunken in den Untergrund zu erleichtern, ist ferner vorgesehen, dass diese in einer Richtung quer zur Schwenkebene der Ankerstange gesehen abgeplattet sind und eine gerundete in etwa zungenförmige Umrissform aufweisen. Diese läuft somit mit einer gerundeten Spitze aus und kann mit Abstand von der Spitze zum Ankerkopf hin noch geringfügig tailliert sein.In order to facilitate the penetration of the flukes in the ground, it is further provided that they are flattened in a direction transverse to the pivot plane of the anchor rod and have a rounded approximately tongue-shaped outline shape. This thus runs out with a rounded tip and can still be slightly waisted with distance from the tip to the anchor head.

Um das Anstellen der Flunken gegen den Ankergrund zu Beginn der Eingrabphase der Flunken zu fördern, ist erfindungsgemäß ferner vorgesehen, dass im Verbindungsbereich der Flunken mit dem Ankerkopf von diesem quer zur Ebene der Flunken abragende plattenförmige Schwenkansätze vorgesehen sind. Diese Schwenkansätze sind wie die Flunken fest mit dem Ankerkopf verbunden. Da sie seitlich abragen, bewirken sie besonders in der Vorwärtsrichtung des Ankers das Verschwenken der Flunken mit ihren Spitzen gegen den Ankergrund. Die Schwenkansätze sind dabei vorteilhaft so ausgebildet, dass sie eine Basisfläche für die Flunken bilden und nach allen Richtungen darüber hinaus erstreckt sind.In order to promote the hiring of the flukes against the anchorage at the beginning of the Eingrabphase the fluke, the invention further provides that in the connecting region of the flukes with the anchor head of this transversely to the plane of the flukes projecting plate-shaped pivot approaches are provided. These pivoting approaches are like the flukes firmly connected to the anchor head. Since they protrude laterally, they cause especially in the forward direction of the anchor, the pivoting of the flukes with their tips against the anchorage. The pivoting lugs are advantageously designed so that they form a base surface for the flukes and are extended in all directions beyond.

Um Gewicht zu sparen, aber auch um eine möglichst freie Kippbewegung des Ankerkopfs über dem Ankergrund zu gewährleisten, ist ferner vorgesehen, dass der Ankerkopf ein im Wesentlichen kugelförmiges Gehäuse aufweist. Die Kugelform bietet zusätzlich den Vorteil, dass sie verhältnismäßig große Kräfte aufnehmen kann, ohne dass sich das Gehäuse des Ankerkopfs gegen die Flunken verformt.In order to save weight, but also to ensure as free as possible tilting movement of the anchor head on the anchorage, it is further provided that the anchor head has a substantially spherical housing. The spherical shape additionally offers the advantage that it can absorb relatively large forces without the housing of the anchor head deforming against the flukes.

Eine besonders einfache Montage der Ankerstange im Ankerkopf wird nach einem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag dadurch erreicht, dass der Gelenkhohlraum des Ankerkopfs sowohl für den Durchtritt der Ankerstange durch dessen Führungsschlitz als auch für den Eintritt des Lagerkopfs der Ankerstange durch dessen Bohrung geeignet dimensioniert ist. Praktisch bedeutet dies, dass die Ankerstange mit ihrer Öse voraus durch die Bohrung des Gelenkhohlraums und den Führungsschlitz an dessen anderem Ende hindurch gesteckt wird bis der Lagerkopf der Ankerstange gegen die Innenform des Gelenkhohlraums anliegt, wobei nach der bevorzugten Ausführungsform diese Innenform als Gelenkpfanne entsprechend der Kugelform des Lagerkopfs der Ankerstange ausgebildet ist. Dabei versteht sich von selbst, dass die Bohrung des Gelenkhohlraums nach dem Einführen der Ankerstange mit einem Deckel zu verschließen ist, um der Ankerstange axialen Halt zu geben. Der Deckel kann auch nur als Scheibe ausgebildet sein, welche nach innen einen Anschlag für den Lagerkopf der Ankerstange bildet und nach außen abgerundet ist, so dass der Anker bei seinem Aufsetzen auf den Ankergrund möglichst keine stabile Lage erreicht, sondern nach vorne in die Eingrabposition kippt.A particularly simple installation of the anchor rod in the anchor head is achieved according to a further inventive proposal in that the joint cavity of the anchor head is suitably dimensioned both for the passage of the anchor rod through the guide slot and for the entry of the bearing head of the anchor rod through the bore. Practically, this means that the anchor rod is inserted with its eyelet through the bore of the joint cavity and the guide slot at the other end until the bearing head of the anchor rod abuts against the inner shape of the joint cavity, according to the preferred embodiment, this inner shape as a joint socket according to the spherical shape of the bearing head of the anchor rod is trained. It goes without saying that the bore of the joint cavity is to close after insertion of the anchor rod with a lid to give the anchor rod axial support. The lid can also be formed only as a disc, which forms a stop for the bearing head of the anchor rod inside and is rounded to the outside, so that the anchor reaches its possible placement on the anchorage no stable position, but tilts forward in the Eingrabposition ,

Als geeignetes Herstellungsverfahren ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass für jedes Ankergewicht in Anpassung an die Schiffstonnage bzw. die gegebene Verdrängung zuerst ein Gussmodell aus Schaumstoff oder dergleichen aus dem Vollen gefräst, danach der Anker im Sandgussverfahren gegossen wird. Auf diese Weise können gewünschte Ankergewichte sehr genau in entsprechende Größen bei der Dimensionierung eines Ankers umgesetzt werden. Letztlich geht es nur darum, zwei Bauteile, nämlich die Ankerstange und den Ankerkopf aufeinander abzustimmen und die gewünschte Dimensionierung auf das Fräsprogramm zu übertragen.As a suitable manufacturing method is provided according to the invention that milled for each anchor weight in adaptation to the ship's tonnage or the given displacement first a cast model of foam or the like from the solid, then the anchor is poured by sand casting. In this way, desired anchor weights can be implemented very accurately in appropriate sizes in the dimensioning of an anchor. Ultimately, it is only about matching two components, namely the anchor rod and the anchor head and to transfer the desired dimensioning to the milling program.

Durch geeignete Oberflächenbehandlung lässt sich die Lebensdauer des Ankers verlängern; dementsprechend ist vorgesehen, dass der Anker nach dem Gießen einer Oberflächenhärtung im Ofen unterzogen und danach im Kugelstrahl geglättet wird.
Bevorzugt werden die Teile des Schiffsankers aus seewasserfestem Edelstahl hergestellt, auf etwa 30 HRC oberflächengehärtet und danach mit Edelstahlkugeln gestrahlt. Als Stahlqualität eignet sich beispielsweise 1.4405 Edelstahl. Die Herstellung mittels eines Gussmodells aus Schaumstoff ist äußerst kostengünstig. Sie kommt vorzugsweise für größere Yachten ab 30 m Länge entsprechend einem Ankergewicht von ca. 250 kg in Frage.By suitable surface treatment, the life of the anchor can be extended; Accordingly, it is provided that the anchor is subjected to a surface hardening in the oven after casting and then smoothed in the shot peening jet.
The parts of the ship anchor are preferably made of seawater-resistant stainless steel, surface-hardened to about 30 HRC and then blasted with stainless steel balls. As steel quality, for example, 1.4405 stainless steel is suitable. The production by means of a casting model made of foam is extremely cost-effective. It is preferably for larger yachts from 30 m in length corresponding to an anchor weight of about 250 kg in question.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
den Schiffsanker in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Fig. 2
den Schiffsanker gemäß Fig. 1 mit aufgeschnittenem Ankerkopf,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch den Ankerkopf mit Ankerstange,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch eine mehrteilige Ankerstange,
Fig. 5
den Schiffsanker gemäß Fig. 1 in der Seitenansicht und
Fig. 6
den Schiffsanker gemäß Fig. 1 in der Ansicht auf seinen Boden.
In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
the ship anchor in perspective view,
Fig. 2
the ship anchor according to Fig. 1 with cut anchor head,
Fig. 3
a cross section through the anchor head with anchor rod,
Fig. 4
a cross section through a multi-part anchor rod,
Fig. 5
the ship anchor according to Fig. 1 in the side view and
Fig. 6
the ship anchor according to Fig. 1 in view on his ground.

Fig. 1 zeigt den Schiffanker in perspektivischer Ansicht. Er besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Ankerkopf 1 und einer Ankerstange 2. Die Ankerstange 2 läuft leicht konisch zu und endet an ihrem vom Ankerkopf entfernten Ende mit einer Öse 3 zur Befestigung der Ankertrosse. Am gegenüberliegenden Ende befindet sich ein Lagerkopf 4, welcher in einem Gelenkhohlraum 5 (Fig. 2) des Ankerkopfs 1 aufgenommen ist. Zur Ankerstange 2 hin besitzt der Ankerkopf einen Führungsschlitz 6, in welchem die Ankerstange 2 zwischen Anschlägen entsprechend der Schlitzlänge verschwenkbar ist. Am Ankerkopf 1 sind ferner gegenüberliegend des Führungsschlitzes 6 bzw. der Ankerstange 2 zwei Flunken 7 ausgebildet, welche dazu dienen, sich bei Zug auf die Ankerstange 2 mit den Flunkenspitzen 8 voraus in den Ankergrund einzugraben. Die beiden Flunken 7 sind jeweils abgeplattet ausgebildet, wie man der Seitenansicht gemäß Fig. 5 deutlich entnehmen kann. Der Ankerkopf 1 besitzt zentral ein etwa kugeliges Gehäuse 9, an dessen gegenüberliegenden Außenseiten die Flunken 7 angesetzt sind; im Basisbereich der Flunken 7 befinden sich quer zur Ebene der Flunken 7 vom Gehäuse 9 abragende plattenförmige Schwenkansätze 10, die nach allen Richtungen über die Basis der Flunken 7 hinaus vorspringen. Wesentlich kommt es dabei auf deren Vorsprünge 11 in den beiden Zugrichtungen an, welche sich gegen den Ankergrund stützen und dabei die Flunken 7 in Richtung auf den Ankergrund verschwenken, so dass deren Spitzen 8 in den Ankergrund eindringen können. Fig. 1 shows the ship anchor in perspective view. It essentially consists of an anchor head 1 and an anchor rod 2. The anchor rod 2 runs slightly conical and ends at its end remote from the anchor head with an eyelet 3 for attachment of the anchor cable. At the opposite end is a bearing head 4, which in a joint cavity 5 Fig. 2 ) of the anchor head 1 is received. Toward the anchor rod 2, the anchor head has a guide slot 6, in which the anchor rod 2 can be pivoted between stops in accordance with the slot length. At the anchor head 1 are also opposite the guide slot 6 and the anchor rod 2 two flukes 7 are formed, which serve to dig in train on the anchor rod 2 with the tip tips 8 ahead in the anchorage. The two flukes 7 are each flattened, as shown in the side view Fig. 5 can be clearly seen. The anchor head 1 has centrally an approximately spherical housing 9, on whose opposite outer sides the flukes 7 are attached; in the base region of the fluke 7 are located transversely to the plane of the fluke 7 protruding from the housing 9 plate-shaped pivot projections 10 projecting in all directions beyond the base of the fluke 7 also. Essentially, it depends on their projections 11 in the two directions of pull, which rest against the anchorage and thereby pivot the fluke 7 in the direction of the anchorage, so that the tips 8 can penetrate into the anchorage.

Die in Fig. 1 und den weiteren Figuren 2, 5 und 6 jeweils mit zwei Begrenzungslinien eingezeichneten Umrisslinien dienen lediglich der Veranschaulichung von dort vorhandenen Radien einteiliger Bauelemente, nämlich einerseits der Ankerstange 2 und andererseits des Ankerkopfs 1. In diesem Sinne ist der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ankerkopf 1 als Gussteil hergestellt. Für kleine Ankergrößen ist jedoch durchaus denkbar, dass beispielsweise die Flunken 7 und die Schwenkansätze 10 des Ankerkopfs separat hergestellt und mit dessen Gehäuse 9 verschweißt werden.
In Fig. 2 sind die schon zu Fig. 1 beschriebenen Bauteile mit denselben Bezugsziffern bezeichnet. Zusätzlich erkennt man bodenseitig eine Segmentscheibe 12, welche quer zur bodenseitig offenen Bohrung 15 (Fig. 3) des Gelenkhohlraums 5 verlaufend mit dem Gehäuse 9 des Ankerkopfs 1 mittels Schrauben in gegenüberliegenden Gewindebohrungen 13 verschraubt sind.In the Fig. 1 and the other Figures 2 . 5 and 6 Outlines drawn in each case with two boundary lines merely serve to illustrate the radii of one-part structural elements present there, namely on the one hand the anchor rod 2 and on the other hand the anchor head 1. In this sense, the in Fig. 1 shown anchor head 1 made as a casting. For small anchor sizes, however, is quite conceivable that, for example, the flukes 7 and the pivot lugs 10 of the anchor head are made separately and welded to the housing 9.
In Fig. 2 they are already too Fig. 1 described components with the same reference numerals. In addition, one recognizes on the bottom side a segmental disk 12, which transverse to the bottom side open bore 15 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) of the joint cavity 5 are screwed running with the housing 9 of the anchor head 1 by means of screws in opposite threaded holes 13.

Besonders deutlich erkennt man in der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Fig. 3 den Gelenkhohlraum 5, der nach oben hin mit einer Gelenkpfanne 14 endet, welche der Kugelform des Lagerkopfs 4 der Ankerstange 2 angepasst ist. Der Gelenkhohlraum 5 besitzt bodenseitig eine Bohrung 15, welche, wie zu Fig. 2 beschrieben, durch die Segmentscheibe 3 verschlossen ist, so dass die Ankerstange in axialer Richtung gesichert ist, nämlich geringfügig beweglich ist aber nicht aus dem Gelenkhohlraum austreten kann. Gegenüber der Bohrung 15 endet der Gelenkhohlraum 5 mit dem Führungsschlitz 6 für den Durchtritt der Ankerstange 2.
Gemäß Fig. 3 ist die Ankerstange 2 massiv ausgebildet. Alternativ dazu kann sie auch dreiteilig ausgeführt sein wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Sie besteht dann aus einem eigentlichen Stangenteil 16, welches mit einem Ende in eine entsprechende Sitzbohrung eines Lagerteils 17 eingeführt und dort mittels einer Sicherungsschraube 18 gehalten ist.Particularly clearly recognizable in the sectional view according to Fig. 3 the joint cavity 5, which ends at the top with a socket 14, which is adapted to the spherical shape of the bearing head 4 of the anchor rod 2. The joint cavity 5 has on the bottom side a bore 15, which, as to Fig. 2 described, is closed by the segment disc 3, so that the anchor rod is secured in the axial direction, namely, is slightly movable but can not escape from the joint cavity. Opposite the bore 15 of the joint cavity ends 5 with the guide slot 6 for the passage of the anchor rod. 2
According to Fig. 3 the anchor rod 2 is solid. Alternatively, it can also be made in three parts as in Fig. 4 shown. It then consists of an actual rod member 16 which is inserted at one end into a corresponding seat bore of a bearing part 17 and held there by means of a locking screw 18.

Auch in der Darstellung gemäß den Figuren 5 und 6 werden für gleiche Teile die Bezugsziffern wie zu den Figuren 1 bis 3 verwendet, so dass sich insoweit weitere Ausführungen erübrigen. In der bodenseitigen Ansicht gemäß Fig. 6 sind die Schwenkansätze 10 auf beiden Seiten des Ankergehäuses 1 besonders deutlich, nämlich in ihrer vollen bodenseitigen Ausdehnung erkennbar, wobei die Vorsprünge 11 der Schwenkansätze in den beiden Zurichtungen des Ankers über den Durchmesser des Gehäuses 9 des Ankerkopfs 1 hinausragen.Also in the representation according to the Figures 5 and 6 are the same reference numbers as for the same parts FIGS. 1 to 3 used, so that in this respect further explanations are unnecessary. In the bottom view according to Fig. 6 the pivot projections 10 on both sides of the armature housing 1 are particularly clear, namely recognizable in their full bottom-side extent, wherein the projections 11 of the pivot projections in the two finishes of the armature protrude beyond the diameter of the housing 9 of the anchor head 1.

Claims (13)

Schiffsanker mit einem Ankerkopf (1), an welchem eine Ankerstange (2) um eine quer dazu verlaufende Schwenkachse zwischen Anschlägen verschwenkbar angelenkt ist, wobei am Ankerkopf (1) zwei bezüglich der Schwenkebene der Ankerstange (2) symmetrische Flunken (7) gegenüberliegend vorgesehen sind, deren Flunkenspitzen (8) in Richtung einer mittleren Schwenklage der Ankerstange (2) vom Ankerkopf (1) abragen, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Ankerkopf (1) einen Gelenkhohlraum (5) aufweist, der eine Gelenkpfanne (14) für eine am zugeordneten Ende der Ankerstange (2) vorhandenen Lagerkopf (4) bildet, auf seiner den Flunkenspitzen (8) abgewandten Seite als offene Bohrung (15) ausläuft und der dieser gegenüberliegend mit einem Führungsschlitz (6) für die Schwenkbewegung der Ankerstange (2) ausmündet, derart, dass die Ankerstange (2) lose geführt im Ankerkopf (1) gelagert ist.Ship anchor with an anchor head (1) on which an anchor rod (2) is pivotally connected between stops about a transverse thereto pivot axis, wherein the anchor head (1) with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod (2) symmetrical Flunken (7) are provided opposite whose flank tips (8) protrude in the direction of a central pivot position of the anchor rod (2) from the anchor head (1), characterized
that the anchor head (1) has a hinge cavity (5) which has a joint socket (14) existing for the associated end of the anchor rod (2) bearing head (4), on its the Flunkenspitzen (8) side facing away from the open bore (15 ) runs out and this opposite to a guide slot (6) for the pivotal movement of the anchor rod (2) opens, such that the anchor rod (2) guided loose in the anchor head (1) is mounted. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die offene Bohrung (15) des Gelenkhohlraums (5) mit einem Deckel lösbar verschlossen ist.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that the open bore (15) of the joint cavity (5) is releasably closed by a lid. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Deckel eine nach außen hin auswölbende gerundete Form aufweist.Ship anchor according to claim 2, characterized
that the cover has a buckling outward rounded shape. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Deckel durch eine Segmentscheibe (12) gebildet ist, welche quer zur Bohrung (15) angeordnet und beidseitig mit dem Ankerkopf (1) verschraubt ist.Ship anchor according to claim 2, characterized
that the cover is formed by a segment disc (12), which is arranged transversely to the bore (15) and screwed on both sides with the anchor head (1). Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Lagerkopf der Ankerstange (2) als kugelförmiger Ansatz am Ende der Ankerstange (2) ausgebildet ist.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that the bearing head of the anchor rod (2) is designed as a spherical projection at the end of the anchor rod (2). Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Flunken (8) bezüglich der Schwenkebene der Ankerstange (2) schräg vom Ankerkopf (1) weg nach seitlich außen abragen.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that the flukes (8) with respect to the pivot plane of the anchor rod (2) project obliquely away from the anchor head (1) to the side outside. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Flunken (8) in einer Richtung quer zur Schwenkebene der Ankerstange (2) gesehen abgeplattet sind und eine gerundete in etwa zungenförmige Umrissform aufweisen.Ship anchor according to claim 6, characterized
that the flukes (8) are flattened in a direction transverse to the pivoting plane of the anchor rod (2) and have a rounded approximately tongue-shaped outline shape. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass im Verbindungsbereich der Flunken (7) mit dem Ankerkopf (1) von diesem quer zur Ebene der Flunken (7) abragende plattenförmige Schwenkansätze (10) vorgesehen sind.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that in the connecting region of the fluke (7) with the anchor head (1) of this transversely to the plane of the fluke (7) projecting plate-shaped pivot projections (10) are provided. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Schwenkansätze (1) eine Basisfläche für die Flunken (7) bilden und nach allen Richtungen darüberhinaus erstreckt sind.Ship anchor according to claim 8, characterized
in that the pivot projections (1) form a base surface for the flukes (7) and extend beyond them in all directions. Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Ankerkopf (1) ein im Wesentlichen kugelförmiges Gehäuse (9) aufweist.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that the anchor head (1) comprises a substantially spherical housing (9). Schiffsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Gelenkhohlraum (5) des Ankerkopfs (1) sowohl fĂĽr den Durchtritt der Ankerstange (2) durch dessen FĂĽhrungsschlitz (6) als auch fĂĽr den Eintritt des Lagerkopfs (4) der Ankerstange (2) durch dessen Bohrung (15) geeignet dimensioniert ist.Ship anchor according to claim 1, characterized
that the hinge cavity (5) of the anchor head (1) is dimensioned suitable for the passage of the anchor rod (2) by the guide slot (6) and for the entry of the bearing head (4) of the anchor rod (2) through the bore (15) , Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schiffsankers nach einem oder mehreren der AnsprĂĽche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass für jedes Ankergewicht in Anpassung an die Schiffstonnage bzw. die gegebene Verdrängung zuerst ein Gussmodell aus Schaumstoff oder dergleichen aus dem vollen gefräst, danach der Anker im Sandgussverfahren gegossen wird.Method for producing a ship anchor according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, characterized
that for each anchor weight in adaptation to the ship's tonnage or the given displacement first a cast model of foam or the like milled from the full, then the anchor is cast in the sand casting process. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Anker nach dem Gießen einer Oberflächenhärtung im Ofen unterzogen und danach im Kugelstrahl geglättet wird.Method according to claim 12, characterized in that
that the anchor is subjected to a surface hardening in the oven after casting and then smoothed in the shot peening jet.
EP10006561A 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Ship anchor Active EP2399818B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10006561T PL2399818T3 (en) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Ship anchor
EP10006561A EP2399818B1 (en) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Ship anchor
ES10006561T ES2402261T3 (en) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Boat anchor
HRP20130338AT HRP20130338T1 (en) 2010-06-24 2013-04-15 Ship anchor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10006561A EP2399818B1 (en) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Ship anchor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2399818A1 true EP2399818A1 (en) 2011-12-28
EP2399818B1 EP2399818B1 (en) 2013-01-16

Family

ID=43064580

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10006561A Active EP2399818B1 (en) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Ship anchor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2399818B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2402261T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20130338T1 (en)
PL (1) PL2399818T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017042443A1 (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-16 Maurin Alain Nicolas Flat anchor with claws

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190901241A (en) * 1908-06-18 1910-01-18 Walter Scott Bickley Improvements in Snugly Stowing Stockless Anchor.
GB191007282A (en) * 1910-03-23 1910-07-14 Richard Sykes Improvements in Anchors.
US1357552A (en) * 1920-08-13 1920-11-02 Martin C Furstenau Anchor
US1385921A (en) * 1920-09-11 1921-07-26 Mcnab Alexander Anchor
US1392526A (en) * 1921-01-21 1921-10-04 Patrick J Ryan Anchor
US1462342A (en) * 1921-10-15 1923-07-17 American Eng Co Ltd Anchor
GB746011A (en) * 1953-06-10 1956-03-07 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Improvements in or relating to stockless anchors
US3327673A (en) * 1964-09-18 1967-06-27 Newport News S & D Co Anchor apparatus
US3382835A (en) * 1966-09-28 1968-05-14 Harold E. Mcguire Marine anchor
EP0428814A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-29 Posidonia S.R.L. Articulated weight-adjustable anchor
AT409120B (en) 1997-11-12 2002-05-27 Michael Ing Waltl Plate anchor for a watercraft

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190901241A (en) * 1908-06-18 1910-01-18 Walter Scott Bickley Improvements in Snugly Stowing Stockless Anchor.
GB191007282A (en) * 1910-03-23 1910-07-14 Richard Sykes Improvements in Anchors.
US1357552A (en) * 1920-08-13 1920-11-02 Martin C Furstenau Anchor
US1385921A (en) * 1920-09-11 1921-07-26 Mcnab Alexander Anchor
US1392526A (en) * 1921-01-21 1921-10-04 Patrick J Ryan Anchor
US1462342A (en) * 1921-10-15 1923-07-17 American Eng Co Ltd Anchor
GB746011A (en) * 1953-06-10 1956-03-07 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Improvements in or relating to stockless anchors
US3327673A (en) * 1964-09-18 1967-06-27 Newport News S & D Co Anchor apparatus
US3382835A (en) * 1966-09-28 1968-05-14 Harold E. Mcguire Marine anchor
EP0428814A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-29 Posidonia S.R.L. Articulated weight-adjustable anchor
AT409120B (en) 1997-11-12 2002-05-27 Michael Ing Waltl Plate anchor for a watercraft

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017042443A1 (en) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-16 Maurin Alain Nicolas Flat anchor with claws
CN108025802A (en) * 2015-09-07 2018-05-11 A·N·莫兰 Flat anchor with pawl
US10766575B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2020-09-08 Alain Nicolas MAURIN Flat anchor with claws
CN108025802B (en) * 2015-09-07 2020-10-23 A·N·莫兰 Flat anchor with claw
US11332218B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2022-05-17 Alain Nicolas MAURIN Flat anchor with claws

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP20130338T1 (en) 2013-05-31
ES2402261T3 (en) 2013-04-30
EP2399818B1 (en) 2013-01-16
PL2399818T3 (en) 2013-07-31

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