EP2394273B3 - Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension - Google Patents

Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2394273B3
EP2394273B3 EP10708260.4A EP10708260A EP2394273B3 EP 2394273 B3 EP2394273 B3 EP 2394273B3 EP 10708260 A EP10708260 A EP 10708260A EP 2394273 B3 EP2394273 B3 EP 2394273B3
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable according
coating
reinforcing element
cable
composite reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10708260.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2394273A1 (fr
EP2394273B1 (fr
Inventor
Sophie Barbeau
Daniel Guery
Michel Martin
Claus-Friedrich Theune
Michael Meyer
Corinne Poulard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
Original Assignee
Nexans SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexans SA filed Critical Nexans SA
Priority to PL10708260T priority Critical patent/PL2394273T3/pl
Publication of EP2394273A1 publication Critical patent/EP2394273A1/fr
Publication of EP2394273B1 publication Critical patent/EP2394273B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2394273B3 publication Critical patent/EP2394273B3/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
    • H01B5/102—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core
    • H01B5/105—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core composed of synthetic filaments, e.g. glass-fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
    • H01B3/305—Polyamides or polyesteramides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
    • H01B7/1825—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments forming part of a high tensile strength core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H01B7/221—Longitudinally placed metal wires or tapes
    • H01B7/223—Longitudinally placed metal wires or tapes forming part of a high tensile strength core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric cable. It typically, but not exclusively, applies to high-voltage electrical transmission cables or overhead power transmission cables, well known under OHL "OverHead Lines".
  • the latest generation electric transmission cables typically have, in continuous operation, a relatively high operating temperature, which can be above 90 ° C, and reach 200 ° C and more.
  • the document US 6,559,385 describes an electrical transmission cable of this type comprising a composite central reinforcement element comprising for example a plurality of carbon fibers coated in a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type, an aluminum metal strip wound around said composite reinforcement element, and an element conductor surrounding said metallic coating.
  • thermosetting matrix of its composite reinforcing element can undergo thermo-oxidation, linked in particular to oxygen. air, which causes chemical degradation and therefore an increase in the porosity of said matrix.
  • mechanical properties of the composite reinforcing element, in particular of the organic matrix which composes it can significantly decrease and lead to the rupture of the electric transmission cable.
  • said organic matrix is subject to all types of external compounds, other than oxygen in the air, which can also degrade the composite reinforcing element.
  • an excessive thickness of the aluminum coating does not allow either the weight of the electric cable to be optimized, especially when it is of the OHL type, or the mechanical properties of the cable, in particular its flexibility.
  • the aluminum coating is affixed with a significant heat input which tends to thermally degrade the composite wires.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the techniques of the prior art.
  • the coating of the invention has no seams or openings.
  • the waterproof coating advantageously protects the composite reinforcing element, whatever its nature against any attack to which it could be sensitive, these attacks coming from external compounds surrounding the electric cable.
  • the waterproof coating in the operational configuration of the electric cable, prevents any penetration of said external compounds from the exterior of said coating to the composite reinforcing element or elements.
  • the external compounds can be, for example, oxygen from the air.
  • the waterproof coating avoids thermo-oxidation of the organic matrix of the reinforcing composite element.
  • the external compounds can also be humidity, ozone, pollution, or UV radiation, or else come from coating products or wire drawing residues during the manufacture of the electric cable, in particular during the laying of the conductive element (s) around the composite reinforcement element (s).
  • the waterproof coating also has the advantage of protecting the composite reinforcement element or elements when placing accessories such as junctions or anchors, or when cutting the conductive element of the cable, and also of protecting it against 'abrasion.
  • the thickness of the waterproof coating being only at most 3000 ⁇ m
  • the electric cable according to the invention has on the one hand, a weight optimized for use as an OHL cable, and on the other hand very good mechanical properties, in particular of flexibility: the waterproof coating of the invention thus does not degrade the flexibility of said electric cable provided by the composite reinforcing element or elements.
  • the flexibility of the electric cable of the invention makes it possible to be able to avoid damaging said cable when, on the one hand, it is wound on a reel in order to transport it, and when, on the other hand, it passes over unwinders and / or pulleys when it is installed between two electric pylons.
  • the implementation of the waterproof coating is not only greatly facilitated, but also avoids any thermal degradation of the composite reinforcing element or elements.
  • the waterproof coating of the invention can be advantageously obtained by heat treatment of a metallic material and / or of a polymeric material.
  • the waterproof coating comprises at least one metallic layer obtained by heat treatment of a metallic material, the heat treatment making it possible to obtain the sealing of the coating.
  • this “metallic” waterproof coating participates in the transport of the energy of the electric cable in operation when it is in direct contact with the conductive element.
  • the current flowing in the latter will therefore be shared between the waterproof coating and the conductive element according to their respective electrical resistances.
  • At least one metallic layer is understood to mean a coating comprising one or more layers of a metal or a metal alloy.
  • the coating comprises at least one metallic layer and at least one polymeric layer, the coating is called complex coating.
  • the metal layer is obtained by long welding of the metallic material in the form of a strip, the welding thus making it possible to obtain sealing.
  • the metal layer is obtained by helical welding of the metallic material in the form of a ribbon, the welding thus making it possible to obtain sealing.
  • the welding of the metal strip or of the metal strip can be carried out by techniques well known to those skilled in the art, namely by laser welding or by arc welding. electric under protective gas (TIG for Anglicism "Tungsten Inert Gas” or MIG for Anglicism "Metal Inert Gas”).
  • the very small thickness of the waterproof coating advantageously makes it easier to wind the metallic material around the composite reinforcing element or elements prior to welding.
  • the so-called “metallic” coating, or metallic layer is corrugated, or corrugated, in order to obtain in particular better flexibility of said coating.
  • the waterproof metallic coating has parallel, or helical, corrugations on its outer surface.
  • the metallic material is a metal or a metal alloy, and can be more particularly chosen from steel, steel alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys , copper, and copper alloys.
  • the waterproof coating comprises at least one polymeric layer obtained by heat treatment of a polymeric material, the heat treatment making it possible to obtain the sealing of the coating.
  • the polymeric layer is obtained by softening the polymeric material.
  • softening is understood to mean a temperature capable of making the polymer material malleable, or softening temperature, in order to make it waterproof.
  • the softening temperature is a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the polymeric material.
  • the polymeric material can be chosen from a polyimide, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a fluorinated ethylene polymer (FEP), and a polyoxymethylene (POM), or a mixture thereof.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • FEP fluorinated ethylene polymer
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • This FEP tape is then heat treated by heating to a temperature of about 250 ° C, a temperature above its melting temperature, to make the tape waterproof.
  • the first embodiment is however preferred over the second embodiment. Indeed, a waterproof coating of the metallic layer type provides better sealing and protection than a waterproof coating of the polymeric layer type.
  • the waterproof coating comprises at least one polymeric layer and at least one metallic layer obtained respectively by heat treatment of a polymeric material and of a metallic material.
  • said waterproof coating is a complex coating.
  • the waterproof coating surrounding the composite element or elements may be in the form of a tube.
  • the tube is conventionally a hollow cylinder whose thickness is substantially constant along the tube.
  • the internal diameter of the tube may or may not be identical along said tube.
  • This tubular shape advantageously makes it possible to improve the mechanical characteristics in rupture of the electric cable by uniformly distributing the mechanical forces which can be caused by the compression of the conductive elements and / or of the waterproof coating during the installation of the electric cable of the OHL type.
  • the fitting of these accessories is carried out by compression of these on the conductive element or elements, on the waterproof covering and / or on the reinforcement element or elements.
  • Said tube may have an inside diameter greater than or equal to the outside diameter in which the composite reinforcing element or elements are inscribed.
  • the tube is in particular a metal tube.
  • the step of obtaining the metal tube can be followed by a step intended to constrict, or in other words to reduce, the internal diameter of the tube. metallic.
  • the thickness of said coating can be at most 600 ⁇ m, and preferably at most 300 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of said coating can preferably range from 150 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of said coating can preferably range from 150 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m.
  • the organic matrix of the composite reinforcing element can, for its part, be chosen from a thermoplastic matrix and a thermosetting matrix, or one of their mixtures.
  • the organic matrix is a thermosetting matrix.
  • thermosetting matrix can be chosen from epoxies, vinyl esters, polyimides, polyesters, cyanate esters, phenolics, bismaleimides, and polyurethanes, or a mixture thereof.
  • the reinforcing element or elements of the composite reinforcing element can be chosen from (continuous) fibers, nanofibers, and nanotubes, or a mixture thereof.
  • the (continuous) fibers can be chosen from carbon, glass, aramid (Kevlar), ceramic, titanium, tungsten, graphite, boron, poly (p-) fibers. phenyl-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (Zylon), basalt, and alumina.
  • the nanofibers can be carbon nanofibers.
  • the nanotubes can be carbon nanotubes.
  • the reinforcing element or elements which make up the composite element of the invention may be of the same nature or of a different nature.
  • the preferred reinforcing composite elements are carbon or glass fibers at least partially embedded in a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy, phenolic, bismaleimide or cyanate ester type.
  • the reinforcing element or elements are positioned inside an area delimited by the waterproof coating which surrounds them.
  • said zone does not include optical fibers.
  • optical fibers can only dramatically limit the mechanical reinforcement properties of the electric cable and therefore does not meet the properties required for OHL electrical cables.
  • optical fibers are very sensitive to the mechanical stresses exerted on them, and therefore these mechanical stresses must be limited to the maximum. They cannot therefore be considered as composite reinforcing elements of an electric cable according to the invention, even when they are embedded in a polymer resin.
  • the electric cable of the invention may still include one or more optical fibers, these optical fibers then being positioned around the waterproof coating.
  • the electrically conductive element of the invention which surrounds the waterproof coating may preferably be metallic, in particular based on aluminum, namely either only aluminum, or an aluminum alloy such as for example an alloy aluminum and zirconium Aluminum or aluminum alloy has the advantage of having a significantly improved electrical conductivity / specific gravity couple, particularly compared to copper.
  • the conductive element of the invention can conventionally be an assembly of metal wires (or strands), the cross section of which can be round or not, or a combination of the two. When they are not of round shape, the cross section of these wires can for example be of trapezoidal shape or Z shape. The different types of shape are defined in standard IEC 62219.
  • the electric cable can also comprise a neutral gas, such as for example argon, between the waterproof coating and the composite reinforcing element or elements.
  • a neutral gas such as for example argon
  • the electric cable may further comprise an electrically layer insulation positioned between the waterproof coating, and the composite reinforcement element (s).
  • This layer may be a layer made of a heat-resistant polymer material, such as for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK). It can in particular surround at least one of the composite elements, each composite element, or the assembly formed by the (all) composite elements.
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • This electrically insulating layer advantageously makes it possible to avoid the appearance of galvanic current between the composite reinforcing element and the waterproof coating when the latter is metallic.
  • this layer surrounding all the composite reinforcing elements advantageously makes it possible to facilitate the implementation of said layer while having a gain in material.
  • the electric cable of the invention does not necessarily include an adhesive layer positioned between the composite reinforcing element or elements and the conductive element.
  • the electric cable of the invention does not include an outer layer surrounding the conductive element or elements, this outer layer typically being able to be an electrically insulating layer or a protective sheath.
  • the conductive element or elements can therefore be considered as the outermost element or elements of the electric cable of the invention. Therefore, the conductive element or elements are then in direct contact with their external environment (e.g. ambient air).
  • This absence of an outer layer around the conductive element (s) has the advantage of guaranteeing an electrical cable with the lowest possible laying voltage, this laying voltage being proportional to the weight of the electric cable.
  • the advantage is to have an OHL-type electric cable having the lowest possible mechanical force, this mechanical force being exerted by the cable on the two pylons between which it is suspended.
  • the range of the electric cable between two electricity pylons can go up to 500 m, or even up to 2000 m.
  • the electric cable 10, illustrated on the figure 1 corresponds to a high voltage electrical transmission cable of the OHL type.
  • This cable 10 comprises a composite element 1 of central reinforcement and, successively and coaxially around this composite element 1, a metal tube 2 made of aluminum, and an electrically conductive element 3.
  • the conductive element 3 is directly in contact with the metal tube 2, and the latter is directly in contact with the composite reinforcing element 1.
  • the composite reinforcing element 1 comprises a plurality of strands of carbon fiber coated in a thermosetting matrix of epoxy type.
  • the conductive element 3 is in this example an assembly of strands of aluminum and zirconium alloy whose cross section of each strand is of trapezoidal shape, these strands being twisted together. Said conductive element is therefore in no way impermeable to the external environment, and the strands which constitute it also deviate under the effect of heat due to the thermal expansion of the conductive element.
  • the metal tube 2 can be obtained from a metal strip transformed into a tube with a longitudinal slit by a forming tool. Then, the longitudinal slot is welded, in particular using a laser welding device or an electric arc welding device under protective gas, after contacting and maintaining the welding edges of said strip. .
  • the composite reinforcing element may be inside the metal strip transformed into a tube. The diameter of the tube formed is then narrowed (reduction in the cross section of the tube) around the composite reinforcing element by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the metal tube 2 can be obtained from a metal ribbon wound helically around the composite reinforcing element or a substitute. Then the helical slot of this metal strip is welded, in particular using a laser welding device or an electric arc welding device under protective gas, after contacting and maintaining the welding edges. said ribbon.
  • the shrinking step mentioned above is also possible.
  • the cable from the figure 1 also does not have an external sheath: the conductive element 3 is thus left directly in contact with its external environment (ie ambient air).
  • the absence of an outer sheath advantageously makes it possible to increase the range of said cable between two electrical pylons.
  • the figure 2 shows an electric cable 20 according to the present invention, which is identical to the electric cable 10 of the figure 1 , except that the cable 20 further comprises a single electrically insulating layer 4 surrounding the composite reinforcing element (ie all the composite reinforcing elements). This electrically insulating layer 4 is positioned between the metal tube 2 and the composite reinforcing element 1.
  • the cable 20 also does not include an outer sheath around the conductive element 3.
  • a first electrical cable, "cable I1" is made as follows.
  • a composite reinforcing element comprising a set of carbon fibers embedded in a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy resin type is coated with an electrically insulating layer of PEEK and then with a layer of impermeable aluminum.
  • the waterproof aluminum layer was produced using an aluminum strip welded along its length in order to create a tube around the composite reinforcement element. Then this aluminum tube was tightened around said composite element to form said waterproof aluminum layer.
  • a second electrical cable, “cable C1”, corresponds to cable I1 without it comprising the layer of waterproof aluminum.
  • the aging test is carried out respectively on cables I1 and C1. This aging test consists in allowing the cables I1 and C1 to age in ovens at different temperatures. The cable samples measure between approximately 65 cm and 85 cm.
  • the two ends of the cable sample I1 are coated with metal covers fixed with Kapton® tape and Teflon® tape to seal the ends of said sample.
  • thermosetting matrix Aged samples are weighed in order to monitor the loss of mass associated with the degradation of the thermosetting matrix. A porosity measurement of the thermosetting matrix is also carried out.
  • the pieces are then inserted into a resin to facilitate the polishing process, then polished to obtain a flat surface.
  • the electric cable according to the invention has a significant improvement in the aging properties linked to the presence of the waterproof metallic coating.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
EP10708260.4A 2009-02-03 2010-02-01 Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension Not-in-force EP2394273B3 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10708260T PL2394273T3 (pl) 2009-02-03 2010-02-01 Kabel do przesyłu energii elektrycznej wysokiego napięcia

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0950672A FR2941812A1 (fr) 2009-02-03 2009-02-03 Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension.
PCT/FR2010/050159 WO2010089500A1 (fr) 2009-02-03 2010-02-01 Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2394273A1 EP2394273A1 (fr) 2011-12-14
EP2394273B1 EP2394273B1 (fr) 2013-04-03
EP2394273B3 true EP2394273B3 (fr) 2020-06-17

Family

ID=40887913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10708260.4A Not-in-force EP2394273B3 (fr) 2009-02-03 2010-02-01 Cable de transmission electrique a haute tension

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US10395794B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP2394273B3 (pl)
KR (1) KR20110112839A (pl)
CN (2) CN105374442A (pl)
AU (1) AU2010212225C1 (pl)
BR (1) BRPI1008093B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2749829C (pl)
CL (1) CL2011001697A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2417006T7 (pl)
FR (1) FR2941812A1 (pl)
NZ (1) NZ594054A (pl)
PL (1) PL2394273T3 (pl)
RU (1) RU2530039C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2010089500A1 (pl)
ZA (1) ZA201105319B (pl)

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JP7261204B6 (ja) * 2020-07-29 2023-05-10 矢崎総業株式会社 シールド電線及びワイヤーハーネス
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2394273A1 (fr) 2011-12-14
CA2749829C (fr) 2017-06-20
FR2941812A1 (fr) 2010-08-06
RU2530039C2 (ru) 2014-10-10
CL2011001697A1 (es) 2011-10-14
ES2417006T7 (es) 2021-03-09
BRPI1008093B1 (pt) 2019-01-15
CN102308340A (zh) 2012-01-04
AU2010212225C1 (en) 2018-07-05
AU2010212225A1 (en) 2011-07-28
NZ594054A (en) 2012-09-28
ES2417006T3 (es) 2013-08-05
ZA201105319B (en) 2012-09-26
CN105374442A (zh) 2016-03-02
CA2749829A1 (fr) 2010-08-12
AU2010212225B2 (en) 2016-03-31
BRPI1008093A2 (pt) 2016-03-15
WO2010089500A1 (fr) 2010-08-12
US10395794B2 (en) 2019-08-27
KR20110112839A (ko) 2011-10-13
US20120090892A1 (en) 2012-04-19
RU2011136697A (ru) 2013-03-10
EP2394273B1 (fr) 2013-04-03
PL2394273T3 (pl) 2013-08-30

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