EP2394063B1 - Piston-cylinder assembly having integrated measuring device - Google Patents

Piston-cylinder assembly having integrated measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2394063B1
EP2394063B1 EP09740258.0A EP09740258A EP2394063B1 EP 2394063 B1 EP2394063 B1 EP 2394063B1 EP 09740258 A EP09740258 A EP 09740258A EP 2394063 B1 EP2394063 B1 EP 2394063B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
sensor
cylinder
measuring device
cylinder assembly
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EP09740258.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2394063A1 (en
Inventor
Mike Heurich
Tino Wiggers
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ZF CV Systems Hannover GmbH
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Wabco GmbH
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Publication of EP2394063A1 publication Critical patent/EP2394063A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
    • F15B15/2861—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT using magnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston-cylinder arrangement, in particular for pneumatic, hydraulic or mechatronic systems, with a cylinder housing and a piston which is coupled to a piston rod, arranged in a cylinder housing and arranged to be movable along a longitudinal axis.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement here usually serves the purpose of converting pressures applied to a piston into a movement of the piston rod. This movement is used in the various technical fields for controlling and / or driving machinery or machine elements.
  • Known systems realize the position detection of the piston or the piston rod by means of measuring devices which are arranged externally on the piston-cylinder arrangement and detect the change in position of the piston rod by means of various measuring methods, for example inductive measuring methods.
  • Such systems have several disadvantages. Especially in installation environments, which require a small space of the piston-cylinder assembly, the known measuring systems can not be used. The often available space is not sufficiently dimensioned for this purpose. In particular, the installation dimension of the piston-cylinder arrangement in the stroke direction is typically limited in practice. But this is just the preferred arrangement of the measuring systems in devices of the type mentioned.
  • Piston-cylinder arrangements are already known from the prior art, in which a measuring device is arranged within the cylinder housing, such as from the US 2004140642 A1 , of the US 6293530B1 and the DE 10 2006 021 130 B3 ,
  • the present invention solves the underlying object in a device of the type mentioned by an arrangement with the features of memorized.
  • Such an inventive integration of the measuring device in the cylinder housing leads to a significant reduction of the installation space and on the other hand to an approximation of the measuring device to the piston and / or the piston rod. Due to the reduced distance of the measuring device to the piston or to the piston rod position detection is more accurate and less susceptible to interference, as potential disturbances that could act on the measuring device from the outside, are shielded by the cylinder housing on the one hand and only on a reduced distance between Measuring device and measuring object can act.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention has a drag piston, which is arranged substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the piston and axially movable relative to the piston and / or the piston rod.
  • Piston-cylinder arrangements which in addition to a main piston additionally have a drag piston were not operable with the known measuring devices. The reason for this is that the drag piston, which is additionally arranged inside the cylinder housing, increases the distance between the externally arranged measuring system and the main piston or the piston rod. A reliable measurement of the position of the main piston and / or the piston rod was thus no longer possible. According to the present invention, however, this disadvantage is overcome, so that piston-cylinder arrangements with drag piston can be realized with simultaneous position detection by means of a measuring device in the smallest space.
  • the senor extends at least partially within a recess which is provided in the drag piston.
  • the sensor can extend in this way both within the piston and the drag piston, whereby the shortness of the space in the stroke direction is unaffected. Furthermore, it is thereby possible that the sensor is arranged within a recess of the drag piston, that the movement of the drag piston does not affect the measurement itself.
  • the measuring device extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the piston and / or the piston rod are axially movable relative to the measuring device. Due to the parallel arrangement of the measuring device with respect to the piston in particular a shortening of the installation space in the stroke direction is achieved. While in prior art systems, the length was adversely affected by an arrangement of measuring devices in that the measuring devices were always arranged externally and in particular in the stroke direction before or after the cylinder housing, can be realized according to this embodiment as small as possible space.
  • the measuring device has a PLCD sensor. Characterized in that the measuring device is integrated according to this invention in the housing and as close as possible to the piston-cylinder assembly, it is possible to use PLCD sensors. In known systems, this was not possible because the distance between a mounted from the outside of the cylinder assembly measuring device to the movable piston and the piston rod was too large. This problem becomes clear when considering the functional principle of PLCD sensors:
  • PLCD sensors typically have a soft magnetic metal core surrounded by a coil.
  • the movable object whose position is to be determined has a permanent magnet, which generates a local magnetic saturation when approaching the sensor. This results in a virtual division of the core with respect to its magnetic field at the location of the smallest distance between the soft magnetic core and the permanent magnet.
  • the application of an alternating current to the coil surrounded by the core results in the induction of different voltages in secondary coils, which are each arranged at one end of the soft magnetic core.
  • the size of the different, respectively induced voltages in these coils provides an accurate indication of the strength of the magnetic field in the respective section of the core.
  • the distance between the signaling magnet and the sensor should be as low as possible.
  • the PLCD sensor is at least partially disposed within a recess in the piston, and the measuring device comprises a magnet which is connected as a signal transmitter to the piston.
  • the PLCD sensor can be arranged even further in the direction of the lifting axis.
  • a minimum distance between the sensor and the magnet attached to the piston can be realized.
  • the susceptibility of the measuring device is reduced even further in this way.
  • the magnet is designed as a ring magnet and arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the piston.
  • the magnet can be arranged and fastened on a cylindrically shaped shoulder. Canting is unlikely.
  • the fact that the magnet is designed as a ring magnet it is irrelevant for the proper operation of the PLCD sensor and thus the measuring device, whether the piston and / or the piston rod in addition to the pure lifting movement and a rotation about the longitudinal axis of the piston or the Carry out piston rod.
  • a rotation of the ring magnet has no influence on its magnetic field. Thus, regardless of the rotational position of the piston or the piston rod always the same magnetic field is present, which acts on the sensor.
  • the PLCD sensor is integrated in a cylinder cover.
  • the sensor which is fixedly positioned relative to the cylinder cover, be introduced with high accuracy and repeatability in the housing of the piston-cylinder assembly. This is facilitated in particular by the fact that the cylinder cover always in the same arrangement is mounted to the housing. Removal of the sensor is possible by simply removing the cover and facilitates maintenance and calibration of the measuring device.
  • the PLCD sensor is placed inside a sleeve which is integrally formed on the cylinder cover.
  • the sleeve can advantageously be manufactured with small tolerances and adapted to the sensor. Furthermore, an exact positioning of the sleeve is possible if it is positioned relative to the cylinder cover with known to the expert fitting elements.
  • the cylinder cover may be a simple casting in such an approach, for example.
  • the PLCD sensor is integrated in the piston, and the ring magnet is integrated in the cylinder housing or in a seal.
  • the measurement of the piston position is not effected by a movement of a magnet fixedly connected to the piston relative to a fixedly mounted sensor, but in the case by a movement of the sensor relative to a stationarily mounted ring magnet.
  • Such an embodiment may be advantageous for manufacturing economic reasons or due to special requirements on the part of the user.
  • the senor is arranged between the ring magnet and the drag piston.
  • the sensor is thus brought in direct proximity to the ring magnet according to this embodiment, and a measurement of the position of the ring magnet and thus the piston and / or the piston rod can be done without the drag piston, which the ring magnet and the sensor and the portion of the main piston in which the sensor extends surrounds.
  • the piston and the piston rod are integrally connected to one another.
  • the one-piece connection of the piston with the piston rod a movement between the two elements is excluded. This makes it irrelevant whether the position of the piston rod or the piston is determined.
  • FIG. 1 A piston-cylinder assembly 1 according to the present invention is shown in FIG FIG. 1 shown.
  • the piston-cylinder assembly 1 has a cylinder housing 3 which is closed by a cylinder cover 7.
  • the cylinder housing 3 and the cylinder cover 7 are rotationally symmetrical with respect to a symmetry axis 5 and aligned coaxially with each other.
  • the cylinder cover 7 is sealed against an inner wall of the cylinder housing 3 by means of a sealing element 9.
  • An evaluation electronics (not shown) may be arranged inside the cylinder lid 7.
  • a main piston 11 is disposed inside the cylinder housing 3 coaxially with the axis 5.
  • the main piston 11 is integrally connected to a piston rod 13, which is also aligned coaxially with the axis 5.
  • the main piston 13 is sealed by means of a sealing element 15 against an inner wall of the housing 3.
  • Another sealing element 17 is arranged on an outlet section of the housing 3, on which the piston rod 13 emerges from the housing 3.
  • a towing piston 19 is in an in FIG. 1 upper portion of the main piston 11 is arranged.
  • the drag piston 19 is formed substantially annular and surrounds the main piston 11 in the upper portion in the figure of the main piston 11.
  • the drag piston 19 is by means of a sealing member 21 against the main piston 11 and by means of a sealing member 23 against an inner wall of the housing 3 sealed.
  • the drag piston 19 is axially movable in the direction of the axis 5 relative to the housing 3 and the main piston 11.
  • the outer diameter of the drag piston 19 in the in the FIG. 1 upper portion is larger than the outer diameter of the main piston 11 in the in the FIG. 1 lower section.
  • the main piston 11 has an annular recess 25, which is aligned coaxially with the axis 5 and extending from an in FIG. 1 upper end side of the main piston 11 extends into the piston.
  • a PLCD sensor 27 is disposed within the recess 25, which is part of a measuring device. Another part of this measuring device is a ring magnet 29 which is fixedly disposed on an upper shoulder of the main piston 11, for example by press fitting and is arranged coaxially with the axis 5.
  • the PLCD sensor 27 is disposed within a sensor housing 31 parallel to the axis 5 and aligned.
  • the sensor housing 31 is integrally formed on the cylinder cover 7. Conductor tracks are led out of the housing 3, starting from the sensor 27, through the cylinder cover 7. The sensor 27 is thus stationary with the cylinder cover 7 and thus in the assembled state also connected to the housing 3. A movement of the main piston 11 or the rod 13 results in a movement of the ring magnet 29 relative to the sensor 27th
  • FIG. 2 a further embodiment of a piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention is shown.
  • the housing 3 has two separately formed housing parts 35 and 37.
  • the cylinder cover 7, on which the sensor housing 31 is integrally formed with the sensor 27, is finally connected to the housing part 35.
  • a bell 33 rests on the cylinder cover 7, and closes off the housing 3.
  • the outer diameter of the main piston 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drag piston 19 in this embodiment.
  • the main piston 11 is sealed with (not shown) sealing elements against the inner wall of the housing part 35, while the drag piston 19 is sealed with (also not shown) sealing elements against the inner wall of the housing part 37.
  • the main piston 11 is further sealed by means of a (not shown) sealing element against a portion 47 of the housing part 37.
  • the main piston 11 has a cylindrical recess 41.
  • the recess 41 is aligned coaxially with the axis 5 and extends from the upper end face of the main piston 11 downwards.
  • a fortunelement 43 is disposed on the end face of the main piston 11 and connected by means of fasteners 45 to the main piston.
  • the carrier element 43 is rotationally symmetrical and arranged coaxially to the axis 5 and further comprises a ring magnet 39, which is fastened by means of the carrier element 43 to the main piston 11.
  • the PLCD sensor 27 is according to the in FIG. 2 embodiment shown also coaxially aligned with the axis 5 and arranged within the cylinder housing 3, that he dives through the drag piston 19, the main piston 11 and the ring magnet 39 therethrough.
  • all moving parts are inside the cylinder housing arranged rotationally symmetrical about the sensor 27 around coaxially to the axis 5.
  • a recess 46 is provided in a lower portion 46 of the housing part 37. Within this recess 46, the piston 11 extends out of the housing 3.
  • the main piston 11 has at its in FIG. 2 lower end to a connection portion 47, by means of which the main piston 11 can be connected to a (not shown) piston rod.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Kolben-Zylinderanordnung, insbesondere für pneumatische, hydraulische oder mechatronische Systeme, mit einem Zylindergehäuse und einem Kolben, der mit einer Kolbenstange gekoppelt, in einem Zylindergehäuse angeordnet und dort entlang einer Längsachse beweglich angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a piston-cylinder arrangement, in particular for pneumatic, hydraulic or mechatronic systems, with a cylinder housing and a piston which is coupled to a piston rod, arranged in a cylinder housing and arranged to be movable along a longitudinal axis.

Systeme der vorstehend genannten Art werden vorwiegend in pneumatischen Getriebeschaltungen, mechatronischen Geräten, pneumatischen Systemen und hydraulischen Systemen eingesetzt. Die Kolben-Zylinderanordnung dient hierbei üblicherweise dem Zweck, auf einem Kolben aufgebrachte Drücke in eine Bewegung der Kolbenstange umzusetzen. Diese Bewegung wird in den verschiedenen technischen Gebieten zur Steuerung und/oder zum Antrieb von Maschinen oder Maschinenelementen eingesetzt.Systems of the aforementioned type are mainly used in pneumatic gearboxes, mechatronic devices, pneumatic systems and hydraulic systems. The piston-cylinder arrangement here usually serves the purpose of converting pressures applied to a piston into a movement of the piston rod. This movement is used in the various technical fields for controlling and / or driving machinery or machine elements.

Um die Bewegung solcher Maschinen überwachen und/oder steuern zu können, ist es von gehobener Bedeutung, den tatsächlich erfolgten Kolbenhub bestimmen zu können, der sich infolge des eingesteuerten Drucks ergibt. Mithin ist eine Erfassung der Position des Kolbens bzw. der Kolbenstange erforderlich.In order to monitor and / or control the movement of such machines, it is of utmost importance to be able to determine the actual piston stroke that results from the applied pressure. Thus, a detection of the position of the piston or the piston rod is required.

Bekannte Systeme realisieren die Positionserfassung des Kolbens oder der Kolbenstange mittels Messeinrichtungen, welche extern an der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung angeordnet sind und mittels verschiedener Messverfahren, beispielweise induktiver Messverfahren, die Positionsveränderung der Kolbenstange erfassen. Solche Systeme haben mehrere Nachteile. Insbesondere in Einbauumgebungen, welche einen kleinen Bauraum der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung erfordern, lassen sich die bekannten Messsysteme nicht verwenden. Der oftmals zur Verfügung stehende Bauraum ist hierfür nicht ausreichend bemessen. Insbesondere das Einbaumaß der Kolben-Zylinder-anordnung in Hubrichtung ist in der Praxis typischerweise begrenzt. Dies ist aber gerade die bevorzugte Anordnung der Messsysteme bei Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art.Known systems realize the position detection of the piston or the piston rod by means of measuring devices which are arranged externally on the piston-cylinder arrangement and detect the change in position of the piston rod by means of various measuring methods, for example inductive measuring methods. Such systems have several disadvantages. Especially in installation environments, which require a small space of the piston-cylinder assembly, the known measuring systems can not be used. The often available space is not sufficiently dimensioned for this purpose. In particular, the installation dimension of the piston-cylinder arrangement in the stroke direction is typically limited in practice. But this is just the preferred arrangement of the measuring systems in devices of the type mentioned.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnungen bekannt, bei denen innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses eine Messeinrichtung angeordnet ist, so beispielsweise aus der US 2004140642 A1 , der US 6293530B1 und der DE 10 2006 021 130 B3 .Piston-cylinder arrangements are already known from the prior art, in which a measuring device is arranged within the cylinder housing, such as from the US 2004140642 A1 , of the US 6293530B1 and the DE 10 2006 021 130 B3 ,

Es ist folglich eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Kolben-Zylinder-anordnung anzugeben, welche eine Positionserfassung des Kolbens und/oder der Kolbenstange bei möglichst geringem Bauraum ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a piston-cylinder arrangement which allows a position detection of the piston and / or the piston rod with the least possible space.

Die vorliegende Erfindung löst die zugrunde liegende Aufgabe bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art durch eine Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs1.The present invention solves the underlying object in a device of the type mentioned by an arrangement with the features of Anspruchs1.

Eine derartige erfindungsgemäße Integration der Messeinrichtung in das Zylindergehäuse führt zum einen zu einer deutlichen Reduktion des Bauraumes und andererseits zu einer Annäherung der Messeinrichtung an den Kolben und/oder die Kolbenstange. Durch die verringerte Distanz der Messeinrichtung zum Kolben bzw. zur Kolbenstange wird die Positionserfassung genauer und weniger störanfällig, da potenzielle Störgrößen, die von außen auf die Messeinrichtung einwirken könnten, zum einen durch das Zylindergehäuse abgeschirmt werden und zum anderen nur noch auf einer verringerten Strecke zwischen Messeinrichtung und Messobjekt einwirken können.Such an inventive integration of the measuring device in the cylinder housing leads to a significant reduction of the installation space and on the other hand to an approximation of the measuring device to the piston and / or the piston rod. Due to the reduced distance of the measuring device to the piston or to the piston rod position detection is more accurate and less susceptible to interference, as potential disturbances that could act on the measuring device from the outside, are shielded by the cylinder housing on the one hand and only on a reduced distance between Measuring device and measuring object can act.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kolben-Zylinderanordnung weist einen Schleppkolben auf, der im Wesentlichen koaxial zu der Längsachse des Kolbens angeordnet und axial relativ zu dem Kolben und/oder der Kolbenstange bewegbar ist. Kolben-Zylinderanordnungen, welche neben einem Haupt-Kolben zusätzlich einen Schleppkolben aufweisen waren nicht mit den vorbekannten Messeinrichtungen betreibbar. Der Grund hierfür ist, dass der Schleppkolben, welcher zusätzlich innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses angeordnet ist, den Abstand zwischen dem extern angeordneten Messsystem und dem Haupt-Kolben bzw. der Kolbenstange vergrößert. Eine zuverlässige Messung der Position des Haupt-Kolbens und/oder der Kolbenstange war hierdurch nicht mehr möglich. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist dieser Nachteil aber überwunden, so dass auch Kolben-Zylinderanordnungen mit Schleppkolben bei gleichzeitiger Positionserfassung mittels einer Messeinrichtung auf geringstem Bauraum realisiert werden können.The piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention has a drag piston, which is arranged substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the piston and axially movable relative to the piston and / or the piston rod. Piston-cylinder arrangements, which in addition to a main piston additionally have a drag piston were not operable with the known measuring devices. The reason for this is that the drag piston, which is additionally arranged inside the cylinder housing, increases the distance between the externally arranged measuring system and the main piston or the piston rod. A reliable measurement of the position of the main piston and / or the piston rod was thus no longer possible. According to the present invention, however, this disadvantage is overcome, so that piston-cylinder arrangements with drag piston can be realized with simultaneous position detection by means of a measuring device in the smallest space.

Hierbei erstreckt sich der Sensor zumindest teilweise innerhalb einer Ausnehmung, die in dem Schleppkolben vorgesehen ist. Der Sensor kann sich auf diese Weise sowohl innerhalb des Kolbens als auch des Schleppkolbens erstrecken, wodurch die Kürze des Bauraums in Hubrichtung unbeeinflusst bleibt. Weiterhin wird es dadurch ermöglichst, dass der Sensor so innerhalb einer Ausnehmung des Schleppkolbens angeordnet ist, dass die Bewegung des Schleppkolbens keinen Einfluss auf den Messvorgang selber nimmt.In this case, the sensor extends at least partially within a recess which is provided in the drag piston. The sensor can extend in this way both within the piston and the drag piston, whereby the shortness of the space in the stroke direction is unaffected. Furthermore, it is thereby possible that the sensor is arranged within a recess of the drag piston, that the movement of the drag piston does not affect the measurement itself.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung erstreckt sich die Messeinrichtung parallel zu der Längsachse des Kolbens, und der Kolben und/oder die Kolbenstange sind axial relativ zu der Messeinrichtung bewegbar. Durch die parallele Anordnung der Messeinrichtung in Bezug auf den Kolben wird insbesondere eine Verkürzung des Bauraums in Hubrichtung erreicht. Während bei vorbekannten Systemen die Baulänge durch eine Anordnung von Messeinrichtungen dadurch negativ beeinflusst wurde, dass die Messeinrichtungen immer extern und insbesondere in Hubrichtung vor oder nach dem Zylindergehäuse angeordnet waren, lässt sich gemäß dieser Ausführungsform ein möglichst geringer Bauraum realisieren.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the measuring device extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piston, and the piston and / or the piston rod are axially movable relative to the measuring device. Due to the parallel arrangement of the measuring device with respect to the piston in particular a shortening of the installation space in the stroke direction is achieved. While in prior art systems, the length was adversely affected by an arrangement of measuring devices in that the measuring devices were always arranged externally and in particular in the stroke direction before or after the cylinder housing, can be realized according to this embodiment as small as possible space.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Messvorrichtung einen PLCD-Sensor auf. Dadurch, dass die Messeinrichtung gemäß dieser Erfindung in das Gehäuse integriert ist und möglichst nah an die Kolben-Zylinderanordnung angenähert ist, ist es möglich, PLCD-Sensoren einzusetzen. Bei bekannten Systemen war dies nicht möglich, da der Abstand einer von außen an der Zylinderanordnung angebrachten Messeinrichtung zu dem bewegbaren Kolben bzw. der Kolbenstange zu groß war. Dies Problem verdeutlicht sich insbesondere unter Betrachtung des Funktionsprinzips von PLCD-Sensoren:In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the measuring device has a PLCD sensor. Characterized in that the measuring device is integrated according to this invention in the housing and as close as possible to the piston-cylinder assembly, it is possible to use PLCD sensors. In known systems, this was not possible because the distance between a mounted from the outside of the cylinder assembly measuring device to the movable piston and the piston rod was too large. This problem becomes clear when considering the functional principle of PLCD sensors:

PLCD-Sensoren weisen typischerweise einen Kern aus weichmagnetischem Metall auf, welcher von einer Spule umgeben ist. Das bewegbare Objekt, dessen Position bestimmt werden soll, weist einen Permanentmagneten auf, welcher bei Annäherung an den Sensor eine lokale magnetische Sättigung erzeugt. Dies führt an der Stelle des geringsten Abstandes zwischen dem weichmagnetischen Kern und dem Dauermagnet zu einer virtuellen Teilung des Kerns in Bezug auf dessen Magnetfeld. Das Anlegen eines Wechselstroms an die den Kern umgebene Spule führt zu einer Induktion unterschiedlicher Spannungen in Sekundärspulen, welche jeweils an einem Ende des Weichmagnetischen Kerns angeordnet sind. Die Größe der unterschiedlichen, jeweils induzierten Spannungen in diesen Spulen liefert eine exakte Aussage über die Stärke des magnetischen Feldes in dem jeweiligen Abschnitt des Kerns. Auf diese Weise kann auf die Länge des jeweiligen Teilabschnitts zurückgeschlossen werden, was wiederum eine exakte Aussage über die Position des an den Sensor angenäherten Dauermagneten liefert. Falls der Dauermagnet fest mit dem bewegbaren Objekt verbunden ist, ergibt sich so die jeweilige Position des bewegbaren Objektes. Für ein zuverlässiges Funktionieren eines solchen Sensorsystems sollte der Abstand zwischen dem signalgebenden Magneten und den Sensor möglichst gering sein.PLCD sensors typically have a soft magnetic metal core surrounded by a coil. The movable object whose position is to be determined has a permanent magnet, which generates a local magnetic saturation when approaching the sensor. This results in a virtual division of the core with respect to its magnetic field at the location of the smallest distance between the soft magnetic core and the permanent magnet. The application of an alternating current to the coil surrounded by the core results in the induction of different voltages in secondary coils, which are each arranged at one end of the soft magnetic core. The size of the different, respectively induced voltages in these coils provides an accurate indication of the strength of the magnetic field in the respective section of the core. In this way, it is possible to deduce the length of the respective subsection, which in turn provides an exact statement about the position of the permanent magnet approximated to the sensor. If the permanent magnet is firmly connected to the movable object, this results in the respective position of the movable object. For a reliable functioning of such a sensor system, the distance between the signaling magnet and the sensor should be as low as possible.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der PLCD-Sensor wenigstens teilweise innerhalb einer Ausnehmung in dem Kolben angeordnet, und die Messeinrichtung weist einen Magneten auf, der als Signalgeber mit dem Kolben verbunden ist. Dadurch, dass in dem Kolben eine Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, kann der PLCD-Sensor noch weiter in Richtung der Hubachse angeordnet werden. So lässt sich ein minimaler Abstand zwischen dem Sensor und dem an dem Kolben angebrachten Magneten realisieren. Die Störanfälligkeit der Messeinrichtung wird auf diese Weise noch weiter reduziert.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the PLCD sensor is at least partially disposed within a recess in the piston, and the measuring device comprises a magnet which is connected as a signal transmitter to the piston. Characterized in that a recess is provided in the piston, the PLCD sensor can be arranged even further in the direction of the lifting axis. Thus, a minimum distance between the sensor and the magnet attached to the piston can be realized. The susceptibility of the measuring device is reduced even further in this way.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Magnet als Ringmagnet ausgebildet und koaxial zu der Längsachse des Kolbens angeordnet. So kann der Magnet beispielsweise auf einem zylindrisch ausgebildeten Absatz angeordnet und befestigt sein. Verkantungen sind dadurch unwahrscheinlich. Dadurch, dass der Magnet als Ringmagnet ausgebildet ist, ist es für die ordnungsgemäße Funktion des PLCD-Sensors und somit der Messeinrichtung unerheblich, ob der Kolben und/oder die Kolbenstange zusätzlich zu der reinen Hubbewegung auch eine Rotation um die Längsachse des Kolbens bzw. der Kolbenstange ausführen. Eine Drehung des Ringmagneten hat keinen Einfluss auf dessen magnetisches Feld. Somit ist ungeachtet der Drehstellung des Kolbens bzw. der Kolbenstange immer das gleiche magnetische Feld vorhanden, welches auf den Sensor einwirkt.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnet is designed as a ring magnet and arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the piston. For example, the magnet can be arranged and fastened on a cylindrically shaped shoulder. Canting is unlikely. The fact that the magnet is designed as a ring magnet, it is irrelevant for the proper operation of the PLCD sensor and thus the measuring device, whether the piston and / or the piston rod in addition to the pure lifting movement and a rotation about the longitudinal axis of the piston or the Carry out piston rod. A rotation of the ring magnet has no influence on its magnetic field. Thus, regardless of the rotational position of the piston or the piston rod always the same magnetic field is present, which acts on the sensor.

Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der PLCD-Sensor in einen Zylinderdeckel integriert. Auf diese Weise kann der Sensor, der relativ zu dem Zylinderdeckel fest positioniert ist, mit hoher Genauigkeit und Wiederholbarkeit in das Gehäuse der Kolben-Zylinderanordnung eingeführt werden. Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erleichtert, dass der Zylinderdeckel immer in der gleichen Anordnung an dem Gehäuse montiert wird. Ein Ausbau des Sensors ist durch einfaches Entfernen des Deckels möglich und erleichtert die Wartung und Kalibrierung der Messeinrichtung.According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the PLCD sensor is integrated in a cylinder cover. In this way, the sensor, which is fixedly positioned relative to the cylinder cover, be introduced with high accuracy and repeatability in the housing of the piston-cylinder assembly. This is facilitated in particular by the fact that the cylinder cover always in the same arrangement is mounted to the housing. Removal of the sensor is possible by simply removing the cover and facilitates maintenance and calibration of the measuring device.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform bei einer Kolben-Zylinder-anordnung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der PLCD-Sensor innerhalb einer Hülse platziert, welche an den Zylinderdeckel angeformt ist. Die Hülse kann vorteilhaft mit geringen Toleranzen gefertigt und an den Sensor angepasst werden. Weiterhin ist eine exakte Positionierung der Hülse möglich, wenn diese mit dem Fachmann bekannten Passelementen relativ zu dem Zylinderdeckel positioniert wird. Der Zylinderdeckel kann bei einer solchen Vorgehensweise beispielsweise ein einfaches Gussteil sein.According to a further preferred embodiment in a piston-cylinder arrangement according to the present invention, the PLCD sensor is placed inside a sleeve which is integrally formed on the cylinder cover. The sleeve can advantageously be manufactured with small tolerances and adapted to the sensor. Furthermore, an exact positioning of the sleeve is possible if it is positioned relative to the cylinder cover with known to the expert fitting elements. The cylinder cover may be a simple casting in such an approach, for example.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der PLCD-Sensor in den Kolben integriert, und der Ringmagnet ist in das Zylindergehäuse oder in eine Dichtung integriert. Gemäß dieser Alternative erfolgt die Messung der Kolbenposition nicht durch eine Bewegung eines mit dem Kolben fest verbundenen Magneten relativ zu einem ortsfest angebrachten Sensor, sondern in dem Fall durch eine Bewegung des Sensors relativ zu einem ortsfest angebrachten Ringmagneten. Eine solche Ausgestaltung kann aus fertigungsökonomischen Gründen oder aufgrund von besonderen Anforderungen seitens des Anwenders vorteilhaft sein.According to a further advantageous embodiment according to the present invention, the PLCD sensor is integrated in the piston, and the ring magnet is integrated in the cylinder housing or in a seal. According to this alternative, the measurement of the piston position is not effected by a movement of a magnet fixedly connected to the piston relative to a fixedly mounted sensor, but in the case by a movement of the sensor relative to a stationarily mounted ring magnet. Such an embodiment may be advantageous for manufacturing economic reasons or due to special requirements on the part of the user.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Sensor zwischen dem Ringmagneten und dem Schleppkolben angeordnet. Der Sensor wird gemäß dieser Ausführungsform also in direkte Nachbarschaft zu dem Ringmagneten verbracht, und eine Messung der Position des Ringmagneten und somit des Kolbens und/oder der Kolbentange kann erfolgen, ohne dass der Schleppkolben, welcher den Ringmagneten und den Sensor sowie den Abschnitt des Hauptkolbens, in welchem sich der Sensor erstreckt, umgibt.In a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the sensor is arranged between the ring magnet and the drag piston. The sensor is thus brought in direct proximity to the ring magnet according to this embodiment, and a measurement of the position of the ring magnet and thus the piston and / or the piston rod can be done without the drag piston, which the ring magnet and the sensor and the portion of the main piston in which the sensor extends surrounds.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kolben-Zylinderanordnung sind der Kolben und die Kolbenstange einstückig miteinander verbunden. Durch die einstückige Verbindung des Kolbens mit der Kolbenstange wird ein Bewegungsspiel zwischen den beiden Elementen ausgeschlossen. Dadurch wird es unerheblich, ob die Position der Kolbenstange oder des Kolbens ermittelt wird.According to a further preferred embodiment of the piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention, the piston and the piston rod are integrally connected to one another. The one-piece connection of the piston with the piston rod, a movement between the two elements is excluded. This makes it irrelevant whether the position of the piston rod or the piston is determined.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Figuren näher beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Kolben-Zylinder-anordnung in der Ebene, in welcher sich die Längsachse der Kolbenstange erstreckt, und
Figur 2
eine Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kolben-Zylinderanordnung in einer Ebene, in welcher sich die Längsachse der Kolbenstange erstreckt.
In the following the invention with reference to advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures will be described in more detail. Hereby show:
FIG. 1
a sectional view of a piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention in the plane in which the longitudinal axis of the piston rod extends, and
FIG. 2
a sectional view of another embodiment of the piston-cylinder assembly according to the invention in a plane in which the longitudinal axis of the piston rod extends.

Eine Kolben-Zylinderanordnung 1 gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist in Figur 1 dargestellt. Die Kolben-Zylinderanordnung 1 weist ein Zylinder-Gehäuse 3 auf, welches mit einem Zylinderdeckel 7 verschlossen ist. Das Zylinder-Gehäuse 3 und der Zylinderdeckel 7 sind rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet bezüglich einer Symmetrieachse 5 und koaxial zueinander ausgerichtet. Der Zylinderdeckel 7 ist gegen eine Innenwand des Zylindergehäuses 3 mittels eines Dichtelements 9 abgedichtet. Eine (nicht dargestellte) Auswerte-Elektronik kann innerhalb des Zylinerdeckels 7 angeordnet sein.A piston-cylinder assembly 1 according to the present invention is shown in FIG FIG. 1 shown. The piston-cylinder assembly 1 has a cylinder housing 3 which is closed by a cylinder cover 7. The cylinder housing 3 and the cylinder cover 7 are rotationally symmetrical with respect to a symmetry axis 5 and aligned coaxially with each other. The cylinder cover 7 is sealed against an inner wall of the cylinder housing 3 by means of a sealing element 9. An evaluation electronics (not shown) may be arranged inside the cylinder lid 7.

Ein Haupt-Kolben 11 ist innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses 3 koaxial zu der Achse 5 angeordnet. Der Haupt-Kolben 11 ist einstückig mit einer Kolbenstange 13 verbunden, welche ebenfalls koaxial zu der Achse 5 ausgerichtet ist. Der Haupt-Kolben 13 ist mittels eines Dichtelements 15 gegen eine Innenwand des Gehäuses 3 abgedichtet. Ein weiteres Dichtelement 17 ist an einem Austrittsabschnitt des Gehäuses 3 angeordnet, an welchem die Kolbenstange 13 aus dem Gehäuse 3 austritt.A main piston 11 is disposed inside the cylinder housing 3 coaxially with the axis 5. The main piston 11 is integrally connected to a piston rod 13, which is also aligned coaxially with the axis 5. The main piston 13 is sealed by means of a sealing element 15 against an inner wall of the housing 3. Another sealing element 17 is arranged on an outlet section of the housing 3, on which the piston rod 13 emerges from the housing 3.

Ein Schleppkolben 19 ist in einem in Figur 1 oberen Abschnitt des Haupt-Kolbens 11 angeordnet. Der Schleppkolben 19 ist im Wesentlichen ringförmig ausgebildet und umgibt den Haupt-Kolben 11 in dem in der Figur oberen Abschnitt des Haupt-Kolbens 11. Der Schleppkolben 19 ist mittels eines Dichtelements 21 gegen den Haupt-Kolben 11 und mittels eines Dichtelements 23 gegen eine Innenwand des Gehäuses 3 abgedichtet. Der Schleppkolben 19 ist axial in Richtung der Achse 5 relativ zu dem Gehäuse 3 und dem Haupt-Kolben 11 bewegbar. Der äußere Durchmesser des Schleppkolbens 19 in dem in der Figur 1 oberen Abschnitt ist größer als der äußere Durchmesser des Haupt-Kolbens 11 in dem in der Figur 1 unteren Abschnitt. Der Haupt-Kolben 11 weist eine ringförmig ausgebildete Ausnehmung 25 auf, welche koaxial zu der Achse 5 ausgerichtet ist und sich von einer in Figur 1 oberen Stirnseite des Haupt-Kolbens 11 aus in den Kolben hinein erstreckt.A towing piston 19 is in an in FIG. 1 upper portion of the main piston 11 is arranged. The drag piston 19 is formed substantially annular and surrounds the main piston 11 in the upper portion in the figure of the main piston 11. The drag piston 19 is by means of a sealing member 21 against the main piston 11 and by means of a sealing member 23 against an inner wall of the housing 3 sealed. The drag piston 19 is axially movable in the direction of the axis 5 relative to the housing 3 and the main piston 11. The outer diameter of the drag piston 19 in the in the FIG. 1 upper portion is larger than the outer diameter of the main piston 11 in the in the FIG. 1 lower section. The main piston 11 has an annular recess 25, which is aligned coaxially with the axis 5 and extending from an in FIG. 1 upper end side of the main piston 11 extends into the piston.

Ein PLCD-Sensor 27 ist innerhalb der Ausnehmung 25 angeordnet, welcher Teil einer Messeinrichtung ist. Ein weiterer Teil dieser Messeinrichtung ist ein Ring-Magnet 29, welcher auf einem oberen Absatz des Haupt-Kolbens 11 beispielsweise durch Presspassung fest angeordnet ist und koaxial zu der Achse 5 angeordnet ist. Der PLCD-Sensor 27 ist innerhalb eines Sensor-Gehäuses 31 parallel zu der Achse 5 angeordnet und ausgerichtet. Das Sensor-Gehäuse 31 ist an dem Zylinderdeckel 7 angeformt. Leiterbahnen sind von dem Sensor 27 ausgehend durch den Zylinderdeckel 7 hindurch aus dem Gehäuse 3 herausgeführt. Der Sensor 27 ist somit ortsfest mit dem Zylinderdeckel 7 und somit im montierten Zustand auch mit dem Gehäuse 3 verbunden. Eine Bewegung des Haupt-Kolbens 11 bzw. der Stange 13 resultiert in einer Bewegung des Ringmagneten 29 relativ zu dem Sensor 27.A PLCD sensor 27 is disposed within the recess 25, which is part of a measuring device. Another part of this measuring device is a ring magnet 29 which is fixedly disposed on an upper shoulder of the main piston 11, for example by press fitting and is arranged coaxially with the axis 5. The PLCD sensor 27 is disposed within a sensor housing 31 parallel to the axis 5 and aligned. The sensor housing 31 is integrally formed on the cylinder cover 7. Conductor tracks are led out of the housing 3, starting from the sensor 27, through the cylinder cover 7. The sensor 27 is thus stationary with the cylinder cover 7 and thus in the assembled state also connected to the housing 3. A movement of the main piston 11 or the rod 13 results in a movement of the ring magnet 29 relative to the sensor 27th

In Figur 2 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Kolben-Zylinder-anordnung dargestellt. Hinsichtlich gleicher Bauteile wird auf die obigen Beschreibungen Bezug genommen und sind gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet. In dieser Ausführungsform weist das Gehäuse 3 zwei separat ausgebildete Gehäuseteile 35 und 37 auf. Der Zylinderdeckel 7, an welchen das Sensor-Gehäuse 31 mit dem Sensor 27 angeformt ist, ist abschließend mit dem Gehäuseteil 35 verbunden. Eine Glocke 33 liegt auf dem Zylinderdeckel 7 auf, und schließt das Gehäuse 3 ab. Der äußere Durchmesser des Hauptkolbens 11 ist in dieser Ausführungsform geringer als der äußere Durchmesser des Schleppkolbens 19.In FIG. 2 a further embodiment of a piston-cylinder arrangement according to the invention is shown. With regard to the same components, reference is made to the above descriptions and the same reference numerals are used. In this embodiment, the housing 3 has two separately formed housing parts 35 and 37. The cylinder cover 7, on which the sensor housing 31 is integrally formed with the sensor 27, is finally connected to the housing part 35. A bell 33 rests on the cylinder cover 7, and closes off the housing 3. The outer diameter of the main piston 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drag piston 19 in this embodiment.

Der Hauptkolben 11 ist mit (nicht dargestellten) Dichtungselementen gegen die Innenwand des Gehäuseteils 35 abgedichtet, während der Schleppkolben 19 mit (ebenfalls nicht dargestellten) Dichtungselementen gegen die Innenwand des Gehäuseteils 37 abgedichtet ist. Der Haupt-Kolben 11 ist weiterhin mittels eines (nicht dargestellten) Dichtungselementes gegen einen Abschnitt 47 des Gehäuseteils 37 abgedichtet. Der Haupt-Kolben 11 weist eine zylindrische Ausnehmung 41 auf. Die Ausnehmung 41 ist koaxial zu der Achse 5 ausgerichtet und erstreckt sich von der oberen Stirnfläche des Hauptkolbens 11 abwärts. Weiterhin ist an der Stirnseite des Hauptkolbens 11 ein Trägerlement 43 angeordnet und mittels Befestigungsmitteln 45 mit dem Hauptkolben verbunden. Das Trägerelement 43 ist rotationssymmetrisch und koaxial zu der Achse 5 angeordnet und weist weiterhin einen Ringmagneten 39 auf, welcher mittels des Trägerelementes 43 an dem Haupt-Kolben 11 befestigt ist.The main piston 11 is sealed with (not shown) sealing elements against the inner wall of the housing part 35, while the drag piston 19 is sealed with (also not shown) sealing elements against the inner wall of the housing part 37. The main piston 11 is further sealed by means of a (not shown) sealing element against a portion 47 of the housing part 37. The main piston 11 has a cylindrical recess 41. The recess 41 is aligned coaxially with the axis 5 and extends from the upper end face of the main piston 11 downwards. Furthermore, a Trägerlement 43 is disposed on the end face of the main piston 11 and connected by means of fasteners 45 to the main piston. The carrier element 43 is rotationally symmetrical and arranged coaxially to the axis 5 and further comprises a ring magnet 39, which is fastened by means of the carrier element 43 to the main piston 11.

Der PLCD-Sensor 27 ist gemäß der in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform ebenfalls koaxial zu der Achse 5 ausgerichtet und so innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses 3 angeordnet, dass er durch den Schleppkolben 19, den Haupt-Kolben 11 und den Ringmagneten 39 hindurch taucht. Somit sind alle beweglichen Teile innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses rotationssymmetrisch um den Sensor 27 herum koaxial zu der Achse 5 angeordnet.The PLCD sensor 27 is according to the in FIG. 2 embodiment shown also coaxially aligned with the axis 5 and arranged within the cylinder housing 3, that he dives through the drag piston 19, the main piston 11 and the ring magnet 39 therethrough. Thus, all moving parts are inside the cylinder housing arranged rotationally symmetrical about the sensor 27 around coaxially to the axis 5.

In einem unteren Abschnitt 46 des Gehäuseteils 37 ist eine Ausnehmung 46 vorgesehen. Innerhalb dieser Ausnehmung 46 erstreckt sich der Kolben 11 aus dem Gehäuse 3 heraus. Der Haupt-Kolben 11 weist an seinem in Figur 2 unterem Ende einen Anschlussabschnitt 47 auf, mittels welchem der Haupt-Kolben 11 mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Kolbenstange verbunden werden kann.In a lower portion 46 of the housing part 37, a recess 46 is provided. Within this recess 46, the piston 11 extends out of the housing 3. The main piston 11 has at its in FIG. 2 lower end to a connection portion 47, by means of which the main piston 11 can be connected to a (not shown) piston rod.

Claims (10)

  1. Piston-cylinder assembly (1), in particular for pneumatic, hydraulic or mechatronic systems, having a cylinder housing (3), and
    a piston (11) which is coupled to a piston rod (13), is arranged in a cylinder housing (3) and is arranged there such that it can be moved along a longitudinal axis (5), and having
    a measuring device which is arranged within the cylinder housing (3), which measuring device has a sensor (27), characterized in that the sensor (27) extends at least partially within a recess (25) which is provided in a trailer piston (19), wherein the trailer piston (19) is arranged substantially coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the piston (11) and can be moved axially relative to the piston (11) and the piston rod (13).
  2. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (5) of the piston (11), and the piston (11) and/or the piston rod (13) can be moved axially relative to the measuring device.
  3. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the measuring device has a PLCD sensor (27).
  4. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that the PLCD sensor (27) is arranged at least partially within a recess (25) in the piston (11), and in that the measuring device has a magnet which is connected as signal transmitter to the piston (11).
  5. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to Claim 4,
    characterized in that the magnet is configured as a ring magnet and is arranged coaxially with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the piston (11).
  6. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 3 to 5,
    characterized in that the PLCD sensor (27) is integrated into a cylinder cover (7).
  7. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that the PLCD sensor (27) is placed within a sensor housing (31) which is formed integrally onto the cylinder cover (7).
  8. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 3 to 7,
    characterized in that the PLCD sensor (27) is integrated into the piston (11), and the ring magnet (29) is integrated into the cylinder housing (3) or a seal.
  9. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 5 to 8,
    characterized in that the sensor (27) is arranged between the ring magnet (29) and the trailer piston (19).
  10. Piston-cylinder assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the piston (11) and the piston rod (13) are connected integrally to one another.
EP09740258.0A 2009-02-05 2009-09-17 Piston-cylinder assembly having integrated measuring device Active EP2394063B1 (en)

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DE102009007657A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 Wabco Gmbh Piston-cylinder arrangement with integrated measuring device

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CN102301146A (en) 2011-12-28
US8997630B2 (en) 2015-04-07
US20110303085A1 (en) 2011-12-15
EP2394063A1 (en) 2011-12-14
DE102009007657A1 (en) 2010-08-12
WO2010088931A1 (en) 2010-08-12
CN102301146B (en) 2015-05-06
US20150176615A1 (en) 2015-06-25
US9771958B2 (en) 2017-09-26

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