EP2393605A1 - Imprimante à jet d'aérosol, son utilisation, et procédé de réalisation d'interruptions de ligne dans un procédé continu d'impression au jet d'aérosol - Google Patents

Imprimante à jet d'aérosol, son utilisation, et procédé de réalisation d'interruptions de ligne dans un procédé continu d'impression au jet d'aérosol

Info

Publication number
EP2393605A1
EP2393605A1 EP10702618A EP10702618A EP2393605A1 EP 2393605 A1 EP2393605 A1 EP 2393605A1 EP 10702618 A EP10702618 A EP 10702618A EP 10702618 A EP10702618 A EP 10702618A EP 2393605 A1 EP2393605 A1 EP 2393605A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aerosol
gas
transport
line
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10702618A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias HÖRTEIS
Aleksander Filipovic
Christian Seitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP2393605A1 publication Critical patent/EP2393605A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2002/14475—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads characterised by nozzle shapes or number of orifices per chamber

Definitions

  • Aerosol printers their use and methods of producing line breaks in continuous aerosol printing processes
  • the invention relates to an aerosol printer, which has at least one sputtering chamber and at least one print head with at least one nozzle, wherein these are connected directly or via connecting lines. Furthermore, the aerosol printer has process gas, transport gas and focussing gas lines. The aerosol printer allows interruption of the aerosol transport from the sputtering chamber to the nozzle. The invention likewise relates to a method for producing line interruptions with a continuous aerosol printing method using the aerosol printer according to the invention.
  • the aerosol printer according to the invention is used in particular for printing patterns, for example the printing of metal contacts on solar cells or other semiconductors. For the printing of continuous lines the aerosol printing technique is best suited.
  • the shutter While the shutter is closed, the aerosol from the nozzle flows onto the shutter and is picked up by the shutter. To avoid overflow, the shutter is provided with an extraction.
  • the known from the prior art printers have the following structure.
  • the aerosol generated in a nebulizer is directed into the printhead where it is directed by a gas stream, the focusing gas, into the nozzle or nozzles, focused and finally printed on a substrate.
  • the focusing gas prevents the aerosol from coming into contact with the print head or the printing nozzle. Between nozzle exit and substrate is a distance of approx. 2 to 4 mm.
  • the aerosol printer Depending on the type of atomizer, there are different versions of the aerosol printer. If the atomizer method requires high gas flows, the aerosol must be additionally concentrated before it reaches the print head. This takes place in a so-called gas separator (English: Virtual Impactor, VI). A gas separator is two nozzles placed opposite each other. If the aerosol stream enters the first nozzle, it accelerates and relaxes again when it exits. Medium and larger
  • Droplets have enough momentum due to their velocity and mass to overcome the gap to the second nozzle.
  • the gas and small drops necessary for generating the aerosol are deflected due to their lower momentum and do not reach the opening of the second nozzle.
  • a negative pressure is generated between the two nozzles and sucked off the gas and the smaller drops.
  • the aerosol arriving in the second nozzle is much denser and moves in the direction of the nozzle opening due to the pressure gradient between atomizer and nozzle. Due to the dimension of the gas separator, the nozzle openings and the distance, it can be determined which droplet sizes continue to be directed towards the print head and which are sucked off.
  • a gas separator is only used if a high gas flow is necessary for aerosol production. In an aerosol generation by means of ultrasound can be dispensed with a gas separator.
  • an aerosol printer has two inputs for gases and, depending on the design, two (with gas separator) or one gas outlet.
  • One gas inlet is needed to generate and transport the aerosol at the same time, another one is necessary to focus it in the nozzle.
  • One opening has the system at the aerosol outlet, the nozzles.
  • the system has another gas outlet, on the gas separator, which reduces the gas flow necessary for aerosol generation to such an extent that it is sufficient to transport the aerosol in the direction of the nozzle opening.
  • a pressure gradient sets in, so that the aerosol can flow evenly in the direction of the nozzles.
  • Changes in the gas flows in the system can significantly change the printed image.
  • an aerosol printer which comprises at least one sputtering chamber and at least one print head with at least one nozzle, wherein the sputtering chamber and the print head are connected directly or via a connecting line. Furthermore, the aerosol printer has process gas, transport gas and siergas effeten.
  • the aerosol printer is characterized in particular in that at least one of the gas or connecting lines or the print head has at least one device for reducing or increasing the gas or aerosol flow for interrupting the aerosol transport from the sputtering chamber to the nozzle.
  • the aerosol printer according to the invention is based on a system in which the aerosol is transported continuously in the direction of the nozzle opening.
  • This aerosol flow is defined by the set gas flows and the resulting pressures in the sys- tem.
  • the concept according to the invention is based on interrupting this aerosol flow or stopping it for a short time and thus generating line interruptions. This can be achieved by corresponding changes in the pressures in the system. Slight fluctuations in pressure can cause the continuous aerosol flow to be stopped for a short time.
  • the aerosol transport is carried out directly, eg by Shutter, interrupted or diverted.
  • the aerosol jet is temporarily prevented from exiting the nozzle by a higher gas pressure of the focusing gas.
  • the transport gas or the process gas can be temporarily diverted with a valve, e.g. to remove the gas from the system, or there is an interruption of the transport gas or process gas stream.
  • a valve e.g. to remove the gas from the system
  • the aerosol flow comes to a standstill and a line interruption is the result.
  • a gas separator it may be useful to switch off this also in parallel with the interruption of the gas flows in order to prevent suction of the existing aerosol in the system.
  • the second variant provides that the pressure in the system is briefly lowered, so that the aerosol flow comes to a stop.
  • a short-term opening of the system can be used, for example, by a vent valve either on the printhead or, if a gas separator is used, in front of or behind the gas separator.
  • the venting valve is closed again, the pressure necessary for the printing process can build up in the system and a continuous aerosol flow is ensured again.
  • the aerosol that has flowed to the opening of the system is either dammed up or better escaped from the system. tet.
  • the length of the break is defined by the duration of the opening in the system.
  • an interruption of the aerosol stream immediately after its generation in the sputtering chamber or shortly before, in or after the first nozzle of the gas separator is particularly preferred.
  • a brief interruption at this point not only leads to the failure of the continuous aerosol flow, but also to the fact that aerosol is actively sucked off in the gas separator. This can cause the aerosol flow in the pressure nozzle to stop very abruptly.
  • the negative pressure in the gas separator is realized with a vacuum pump and can be interrupted very quickly by venting the gas separator via a venting valve.
  • the second variant can also be designed so that a mechanical shutter within the
  • An aerosol interruption by a mechanical shutter may preferably be done after the sputtering chamber, after the gas separator or inside the printhead.
  • the third variant is based on the fact that the gas pressure of the focusing gas is greatly increased in the short term and thus the aerosol stream is effectively cut off. Depending on the pulse duration you get like that a larger or smaller line break.
  • All the embodiments according to the invention have in common that there is an interruption of the aerosol flow in the region between the atomization chamber and the nozzle exit of the print head, while according to the prior art only external interruptions are provided, e.g. a mechanical shutter between nozzle and substrate.
  • any line interruptions are possible, so that a continuous printing system becomes a controllable system which is similar to the DOD printing system.
  • Modifications to conventional aerosol printers are easy to accomplish and have no impact on the stability of the printing process.
  • Another advantage of the aerosol printer according to the invention is that it can save considerable costs and resources.
  • Gas or aerosol flow is preferably selected from the group consisting of pressure control valves, multiway valves, pressure valves, flow control valves, check valves, flow regulators, shutters or combinations thereof.
  • the connecting line between the atomization chamber and the printhead is preferably interrupted by a gas separator having a first and a second nozzle.
  • the aerosol printer additionally has a vacuum pump for the extraction of the gas. This is connected via a suction line to one of the components of the system, ie the aerosol printer, wherein the suction line has a valve for interrupting the gas flow or a ventilation valve. It is preferred that the suction line has a valve for interrupting the gas flow or a ventilation valve.
  • a preferred variant provides that the process gas line has a valve for interrupting or diverting the process gas.
  • the gas supply to the system is interrupted, stopping the flow of aerosol to the nozzle.
  • a preferred variant provides that the process gas line divides into a transport gas line and a siergastechnisch, wherein the transport gas line has a valve for interrupting or diverting the transport gas.
  • connection line between the atomization chamber and the gas separator or the connection line between the gas separator and the printhead may have a valve for interrupting or diverting the aerosol stream or a mechanical shutter.
  • the gas separator may have a bypass line, wherein the bypass line in turn may have a valve for interrupting the gas flow or a vent valve.
  • the focussing gas line has a device for increasing the gas flow through which the gas flow of the focussing gas relative to the gas flow of the transport gas is increased so that the aerosol transport to the nozzle is interrupted.
  • atomizers pneumatic atomizers or ultrasonic atomizers are preferred.
  • Also provided in accordance with the present invention is a method of producing line breaks by a continuous aerosol printing process using an aerosol printer as previously described.
  • a short-term interruption of the Aersoltransports done by targeted adjustment of the gas pressure in the gas or Vietnameses- lines and / or in the print head with the help of at least one device to reduce or increase the gas or aerosol flow to interrupt the aerosol transport from the sputtering chamber to the nozzle.
  • the gas pressure for the supply line of the focusing gas it is preferable for the gas pressure for the supply line of the focusing gas to be increased in such a way that the aerosol transport to the nozzle is interrupted due to the substantially higher gas pressure of the focusing gas compared to the gas pressure of the transport gas.
  • gas pressure for the process gas line or the trans- port gas line in particular by a diversion of the gases via a multi-way valve or using a pressure control valve, is reduced such that the aerosol transport is interrupted by the sputtering chamber to the nozzle.
  • a further preferred variant provides that the aerosol transport is interrupted by means of a mechanical shutter, which is arranged in particular in the transport direction of the aerosol downstream of the sputtering chamber, downstream of the gas separator or in the print head.
  • the aerosol printer according to the invention is used in the printing of any pattern in which no continuous structures are desired. This includes, for example, the printing of metal contacts on solar cells. With these, over-the-edge printing is undesirable, i. the metal contact should be interrupted at these points.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of various variants for an internal interruption or diversion in the aerosol printer according to the invention for the production of line interruptions.
  • Fig. 2 shows the schematic representation of the reaction according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows various variants for interrupting the aerosol jet.
  • the first variants 1 to 4 relate to line interruptions due to changes to the process gases.
  • the process gas is interrupted / redirected before the controller 1.
  • the line to the vacuum pump is interrupted (vented). Due to the additional interruption of the vacuum pump it can be achieved that the system is not sucked completely empty and the start-up would slow down during short interruptions of the process gas.
  • Variants 3 and 4 are created similarly to variants 1 and 2. However, in the case of interruption / diversion at point A, only the transport gas / atomizing gas is switched off and not the focusing gas. This has the advantage that the nozzles continue to be protected from blockages even during the interruption by the focusing gas.
  • the vacuum can be interrupted or vented in the variants 3 and 4 at position B and C.
  • a shutter is preferable to position C and position B when using a multiway valve that can be used for ventilation.
  • Variants 5 to 8 relate to line interruptions due to gas interruptions or gas diversions in the aerosol stream.
  • the aerosol jet is interrupted / diverted directly at point D, the
  • Point D is located between the atomizer 3 and the gas separator 4.
  • the vacuum is also switched off at the point C, this would have the advantage that the system at point D is not sucked completely empty and after a short shutdown, the lines must not be filled again with aerosol.
  • the vacuum at the point C is interrupted at the same time to the interruption / diversion at the point F.
  • the variants 9 to 11 relate to line interruptions due to pressure increases in the system.
  • the focusing gas is increased in the short term until no silver ink separation takes place.
  • the short-term increase of the focusing gas can be done directly by increasing the focusing gas at point H.
  • the increase of the focusing gas is realized by the connection of a second switchable Foc kussiergas connection to the print head 6.
  • the focusing gas is increased by connecting a second line or by switching to a second, stronger focusing gas line.
  • the volume flow is increased at point G or H, C and A are simultaneously interrupted. This is to ensure that no aerosol is atomized and at the same time no aerosol can escape at the nozzles.
  • the process gas of the pneumatic atomizer 1 is interrupted and thus no aerosol is generated for the duration of the interruption.
  • This is done by installing a 3/2-way valve 2 between controller (PCM) 3 and atomizer 1.
  • the valve 2 was connected so that in the unactuated state, the transport gas from the controller 3 can flow through the valve 2.
  • the outflow of the transport gas from the valve 2 is completely prevented and thus no longer reaches the atomizer and thus no pneumatic atomization can take place.
  • the gas evacuation of the gas separator 4 is additionally interrupted at the same time. This is done by means of a 5/2 way valve 5.
  • the suction is switched to the atmosphere, since closing the vacuum connection could lead to damage of the vacuum pump 6.
  • the printing takes place via the print head 7.
  • a line break is generated by increasing the focusing gas in the print head 7, thus inhibiting the aerosol flow.
  • a second nitrogen line is connected directly to the printhead.
  • the line to increase the volume flow a 5/2-way valve 2 is interposed.
  • the valve 2 is connected in such a way that the additional focusing gas can flow out freely during the pressing and there is no back pressure in the supply line and the printed image is not affected.
  • the free-flowing gas in the printhead and the focusing gas is amplified, resulting in a line break in the printed image.
  • a check valve 8 In order to avoid an increase in pressure outside the print head 7 and a feedback to the controller 3, is installed in the supply line of siergases a check valve 8.
  • the system has a fine throttle valve 9.
  • the adjusted gas flow rates are as follows:

Landscapes

  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une imprimante à jet d'aérosol, qui comprend au moins une chambre d'atomisation et au moins une tête d'impression comportant au moins une buse, ces dernières étant reliées les unes aux autres directement ou par l'intermédiaire de conduites de liaison. En outre, l'imprimante au jet d'aérosol comprend des conduites pour gaz de traitement, gaz de transport et gaz de focalisation.
EP10702618A 2009-02-06 2010-02-02 Imprimante à jet d'aérosol, son utilisation, et procédé de réalisation d'interruptions de ligne dans un procédé continu d'impression au jet d'aérosol Withdrawn EP2393605A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009007800A DE102009007800A1 (de) 2009-02-06 2009-02-06 Aerosol-Drucker, dessen Verwendung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Linienunterbrechungen bei kontinuierlichen Aerosol-Druckverfahren
PCT/EP2010/000627 WO2010089081A1 (fr) 2009-02-06 2010-02-02 Imprimante à jet d'aérosol, son utilisation, et procédé de réalisation d'interruptions de ligne dans un procédé continu d'impression au jet d'aérosol

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2393605A1 true EP2393605A1 (fr) 2011-12-14

Family

ID=42040323

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10702618A Withdrawn EP2393605A1 (fr) 2009-02-06 2010-02-02 Imprimante à jet d'aérosol, son utilisation, et procédé de réalisation d'interruptions de ligne dans un procédé continu d'impression au jet d'aérosol

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120038716A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2393605A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102307670A (fr)
DE (1) DE102009007800A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010089081A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012205990A1 (de) 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Druckkopf, Aerosol-Drucker und Aerosol-Druckverfahren
DE102013210668A1 (de) 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Würth Elektronik GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optischen Moduls
EP2957876B1 (fr) 2014-06-17 2023-03-08 Pepperl+Fuchs SE Bloc pour un capteur optoélectrique et son procédé de fabrication
EP3256308B1 (fr) 2015-02-10 2022-12-21 Optomec, Inc. Fabrication de structures tridimensionnelles par durcissement en vol d'aérosols
US10563079B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2020-02-18 Xerox Corporation Silver nanoparticle ink
TWI767087B (zh) * 2017-11-13 2022-06-11 美商阿普托麥克股份有限公司 用於控制氣溶膠噴注列印系統的列印頭中之氣溶膠的流之方法以及用於沉積氣溶膠之裝備
US11085833B2 (en) 2018-10-31 2021-08-10 Xerox Corporation Temperature sensor ink composition with metal oxide nanoparticles
NL2022412B1 (en) * 2019-01-17 2020-08-18 Vsparticle Holding B V Switching device, deposition device comprising the switching device, method for switching a fluid flow, and method for depositing particles onto a substrate
CN110406103A (zh) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-05 广东工业大学 气溶胶直写打印设备及其采样聚焦复合喷头装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009007800A1 (de) 2010-08-12
US20120038716A1 (en) 2012-02-16
WO2010089081A1 (fr) 2010-08-12
CN102307670A (zh) 2012-01-04

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