EP2392112A2 - Method for streaming multimedia data over a non-streaming protocol - Google Patents

Method for streaming multimedia data over a non-streaming protocol

Info

Publication number
EP2392112A2
EP2392112A2 EP09799470A EP09799470A EP2392112A2 EP 2392112 A2 EP2392112 A2 EP 2392112A2 EP 09799470 A EP09799470 A EP 09799470A EP 09799470 A EP09799470 A EP 09799470A EP 2392112 A2 EP2392112 A2 EP 2392112A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
media files
playlist file
uris
playlist
updated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09799470A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Biderman
William MAY, Jr.
Alan Tseng
Roger Pantos
James David Batson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apple Inc
Original Assignee
Apple Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/479,698 external-priority patent/US8099473B2/en
Application filed by Apple Inc filed Critical Apple Inc
Priority to EP12162824.2A priority Critical patent/EP2475149B1/en
Priority to EP17199267.0A priority patent/EP3300372B1/en
Publication of EP2392112A2 publication Critical patent/EP2392112A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/954—Navigation, e.g. using categorised browsing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/34—Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1069—Session establishment or de-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/756—Media network packet handling adapting media to device capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/06—Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234327—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by decomposing into layers, e.g. base layer and one or more enhancement layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234363—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the spatial resolution, e.g. for clients with a lower screen resolution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26258—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for generating a list of items to be played back in a given order, e.g. playlist, or scheduling item distribution according to such list
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/439—Processing of audio elementary streams
    • H04N21/4394—Processing of audio elementary streams involving operations for analysing the audio stream, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in audio streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44004—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video buffer management, e.g. video decoder buffer or video display buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44016—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for substituting a video clip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44209—Monitoring of downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. bandwidth variations of a wireless network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests

Definitions

  • Figure 2B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a technique for one or more server devices to provide dynamically updated playlists to one or more client devices.
  • Figure 2C is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a technique for one or more server devices to provide media content to client devices using multiple bit rates.
  • near real-time streaming experience can be provided using HTTP to broadcast a "live" musical or sporting event, live news, a Web camera feed, etc.
  • a protocol can segment incoming media data into multiple media files and store those segmented media files on a server.
  • the protocol can also build a playlist file that includes Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) that direct the client to the segmented media files stored on a server.
  • URIs Uniform Resource Identifiers
  • the client can provide the user with a near real-time broadcast of a "live” event.
  • Pre-recorded content can be provided in a similar manner.
  • the client then has access to all parts of the stream from a single playlist file (e.g., a user can start at the middle of a show) when downloaded.
  • the server may limit the availability of media files by removing media file identifiers from the beginning of the playlist file on a rolling basis, thereby providing a sliding window of media content accessible to a client device.
  • the server can also add media file identifiers to the playlist and, in rolling mode, the server can limit the availability of media files to those that have been most recently added to the playlist.
  • the client then repeatedly downloads updated copies of the playlist file to continue viewing.
  • the rolling basis for playlist downloading can be useful when the content is potentially unbounded in time (e.g. content from a continuously operated web cam).
  • the techniques that are described in this application may be used to transmit an unbounded stream of multimedia data over a non- streaming protocol (e.g., HTTP).
  • Embodiments can also include encryption of media data and/or provision of alternate versions of a stream (e.g., to provide alternate bit rates). Because media data can be transmitted soon after creation, the data can be received in near real-time.
  • Example data formats for files as well as actions to be taken by a server (sender) and a client (receiver) of the stream of multimedia data are provided; however, other formats can also be supported.
  • the playlist file in one embodiment, is an Extended M3U-formatted text file that consists of individual lines.
  • the lines can be terminated by either a single LF character or a CR character followed by a LF character.
  • Each line can be a URI, a blank line, or start with a comment character (e.g. '#').
  • URIs identify media files to be played. Blank lines can be ignored.
  • #EXTINF ⁇ duration>, ⁇ title> where "duration” specifies the duration of the media file and “title” is the title of the target media file.
  • a playlist file may include multiple EXT-X-STREAM-INF URIs with the same PROGRAM-ID to describe variant streams of the same presentation. Variant streams and variant playlists are described further in this disclosure (e.g. see Figures 9A-9D).
  • the content to be provided is segmented into multiple media files in operation 220.
  • the server converts a stream into separate and distinct media files (i.e., segments) that can be distributed using a standard web server.
  • the server segments the media stream at points that support effective decode of the individual media files (e.g., on packet and key frame boundaries such as PES packet boundaries and i-frame boundaries).
  • the media files can be portions of the original stream with approximately equal duration.
  • the server also creates a URI for each media file. These URIs allow client devices to access the media files.
  • the server that provides media files to client devices may be a different device than the server that segments the content into multiple media files.
  • the server device receives content to be provided in operation 205.
  • the server may then temporarily store at least portions of the content in operation 215.
  • Operation 215 can be similar to operation 210 in Figure 2A.
  • the content to be provided is segmented into multiple media files in operation 225.
  • the media files can be stored in the server memory in operation 235.
  • the media files can be protected by a security feature, such as encryption, before storing the files in operation 235.
  • Server stream agent 400 includes memory 414, which represents a memory device or access to a memory resource for storing data or instructions.
  • Memory 414 may include memory local to server stream agent 400, as well as, or alternatively, including memory of the host system on which server stream agent 400 resides.
  • Server stream agent 400 also includes one or more interfaces 416, which represent access interfaces to/from (an input/output interface) server stream agent 400 with regard to entities (electronic or human) external to server stream agent 400.
  • Security 450 may provide security features (e.g. encryption) such as those discussed above.
  • Web server 460 may provide Web server functionality related to providing files stored on a host system to a remote client device. Web server 460 may support, for example, HTTP-compliant protocols.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a client stream agent. It will be understood that the elements of a client stream agent can be distributed across several client devices. For example, a first client device can include an assembler 530 and security 550 and can provide a decrypted stream of media files to a second client device that includes an output generator 540 (but does not include an assembler 530 and security 550).
  • the alternative media playlist can be selected if it is a better match than the current playlist for the first stream based on current conditions (e.g. the bit rate measured in operation 907).
  • the alternative media playlist for an alternate stream is retrieved and processed. This typically means that the client device can be receiving and processing both the first stream and the alternative stream so both are available for presentation; one is presented while the other is ready to be presented.
  • the client device selects a transition point to switch between the versions of the streams in operation 915 and stops presenting the first stream and begins presenting the alternative stream. Examples of how this switch is accomplished are provided in conjunction with Figures 9B-9D. In some embodiments, the client device can stop receiving the first stream before making the switch.
  • the method shown in Figures 9C and 9D represents one embodiment for determining the transition point; this embodiment relies upon a pattern matching on audio samples from the two streams 951 and 953 to determine the transition point. It will be appreciated that alternative embodiments can use pattern matching on video samples or can use the timestamps in the two streams, etc. to determine the transition point.
  • the method can include, in operation 941, storing content (e.g. stream 951) specified by the first media playlist in a buffer; the buffer can be used for the presentation of the content and also for the pattern matching operation.
  • the stream 951 includes both audio samples 95 IA and video samples 95 IB.
  • the video samples can use a compression technique which relies on i-frames or key frames which have all necessary content to display a single video frame.
  • the backup streams are intermixed with the primary streams in the playlist with the backup at each bandwidth is listed after the primary for that bandwidth.
  • a client is not limited to a single backup stream set. In the example above, ALPHA and BETA could be followed by GAMMA, for instance. Similarly, it is not necessary to provide a complete parallel set of streams.
  • a single low-bandwidth stream may be provided on a backup server, for example.
  • the client attempts to download playlist file(s) from a first URL using a first stream associated with the first server device or the first content distribution service.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram of one embodiment of an electronic system.
  • the electronic system illustrated in Figure 8 is intended to represent a range of electronic systems (either wired or wireless) including, for example, desktop computer systems, laptop computer systems, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) including cellular-enabled PDAs, set top boxes, entertainment systems or other consumer electronic devices.
  • Alternative electronic systems may include more, fewer and/or different components.
  • the electronic system of Figure 8 may be used to provide the client device and/or the server device.
  • Electronic system 800 includes bus 805 or other communication device to communicate information, and processor 810 coupled to bus 805 that may process information. While electronic system 800 is illustrated with a single processor, electronic system 800 may include multiple processors and/or coprocessors.
  • Electronic system 800 may also be coupled via bus 805 to display device 850, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD), to display information to a user.
  • Display device 850 such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD)
  • Electronic system 800 can also include an alphanumeric input device 860, including alphanumeric and other keys, which may be coupled to bus 805 to communicate information and command selections to processor 810.
  • cursor control 870 such as a touchpad, a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys to communicate direction information and command selections to processor 810 and to control cursor movement on display 850.
  • a multimedia presentation is specified by a URI [RFC3986] to a Playlist file, which is an ordered list of additional URIs.
  • Each URI in the Playlist file refers to a media file which is a segment of a single contiguous stream.
  • Lines that start with the comment character '#' are either comments or tags. Tags begin with #EXT. All other lines that begin with '#' are comments and SHOULD be ignored.
  • the EXT-X-ENDLIST tag indicates that no more media files will be added to the Playlist file. Its format is:
  • i is a number that uniquely identifies a particular presentation within the scope of the Playlist file.
  • each format specifies a media sample type that is present in a media file in the Playlist file.
  • the AES-128 encryption method uses 16-octet keys.
  • the format of the Key file is simply a packed array of these 16 octets in binary format.
  • 128-bit AES requires the same 16-octet Initialization Vector (IV) to be supplied when encrypting and decrypting. Varying this IV increases the strength of the cipher.
  • This section describes how the server generates the Playlist and media files and how the client should download and play them.
  • the server MUST divide the stream into individual media files whose duration is approximately equal.
  • the server SHOULD attempt to divide the stream at points that support effective decode of individual media files, e.g. on packet and key frame boundaries.
  • the server MUST create a Playlist file.
  • the Playlist file MUST conform to the format described in Section 3.
  • a URI for each media file that the server wishes to make available MUST appear in the Playlist in the order in which it is to be played.
  • the entire media file MUST be available to clients if its URI is in the Playlist file.
  • the Playlist file MUST contain an EXT-X-TARGETDURATION tag. It MUST indicate the approximate duration of the next media file to be added to the main presentation. This value MUST remain constant for the entire presentation. A typical target duration is 10 seconds.
  • the server MAY associate an absolute date and time with a media file by prefixing its URI with an EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TEvlE tag.
  • the value of the date and time is arbitrary.
  • the Playlist file MUST contain the EXT-X-ENDLIST tag. If the server wishes to remove an entire presentation, it MUST make the Playlist file unavailable to clients. It SHOULD ensure that all media files in the Playlist file remain available to clients for at least the duration of the Playlist file at the time of removal.
  • the server MAY limit the availability of media files to those which have been most recently added to the Playlist.
  • the Playlist file MUST ALWAYS contain exactly one EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE tag. Its value MUST be incremented by 1 for every media file URI that is removed from the Playlist file.
  • the media file When the server removes a media file URI from the Playlist, the media file MUST remain available to clients for a period of time equal to the duration of the media file plus the duration of the longest Playlist file in which the media file has appeared.
  • the duration of a Playlist file is the sum of the durations of the media files within it.
  • a server plans to remove a media file, it SHOULD ensure that an HTTP Expires header reflects the planned time-to-live when it is delivered to clients.
  • the server MUST maintain at least three main presentation media files in the Playlist at all times unless the EXT-X-ENDLIST tag is present.
  • the server MUST define a URI which ' will allow authorized clients to obtain a Key file containing a decryption key.
  • the Key file MUST conform to the format described in Section 5.
  • AES- 128 CBC encryption SHALL be applied to individual media files.
  • the entire file MUST be encrypted.
  • Cipher Block Chaining MUST NOT be applied across media files.
  • the sequence number of the media file MUST be used as the FV as described in Section 5.1.
  • the server MUST encrypt every media file in a Playlist using the method specified by the EXT-X-KEY tag that most immediately precedes its URI in the Playlist file.
  • Media files preceded by an EXT-X-KEY tag whose METHOD is NONE, or not preceded by any EXT-X-KEY tag, MUST NOT be encrypted.
  • Every EXT-X-KEY tag must be distinct from the URI of every other EXT-X-KEY tag that appears or has appeared in the Playlist file, unless its METHOD is NONE.
  • An EXT-X-KEY tag with a METHOD of NONE MUST NOT contain a URI parameter.
  • the server MUST NOT remove an EXT-X-KEY tag from the Playlist file if the Playlist file contains a URI to a media file encrypted with that key.
  • Variant Playlists MUST contain an EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant stream.
  • Each EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for the same presentation MUST have the same PROGRAM-ID attribute value.
  • the PROGRAM-ID value for each presentation MUST be unique within the variant Playlist.
  • the binary data MUST be a 33-bit MPEG-2 Program Elementary Stream timestamp expressed as a big-endian eight-octet number.
  • the client MUST obtain the Playlist file from the URI. If the Playlist file so obtained is a variant Playlist, the client MUST obtain the Playlist file from the variant Playlist.
  • the client SHOULD assume that each media file in it will become unavailable at the time that the Playlist file was loaded plus the duration of the Playlist file.
  • the duration of a Playlist file is the sum of the durations of the media files within it.
  • the client MUST NOT cache downloaded media files after they have been played. Otherwise the client MAY cache downloaded media files indefinitely for later replay.
  • the client MAY use the value of the EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME tag to display the program origination time to the user. If the value includes time zone information the client SHALL take it into account, but if it does not the client MUST NOT infer an originating time zone.
  • the initial minimum reload delay is the duration of the last media file in the Playlist or 3 times the target duration, whichever is less.
  • Media file duration is specified by the EXTINF tag.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
EP09799470A 2008-12-31 2009-12-28 Method for streaming multimedia data over a non-streaming protocol Withdrawn EP2392112A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12162824.2A EP2475149B1 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-28 Method for streaming multimedia data over a non-streaming protocol
EP17199267.0A EP3300372B1 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-12-28 Updating a playlist for streaming content

Applications Claiming Priority (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14211008P 2008-12-31 2008-12-31
US16069309P 2009-03-16 2009-03-16
US16103609P 2009-03-17 2009-03-17
US16752409P 2009-04-07 2009-04-07
US12/479,698 US8099473B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2009-06-05 Variant streams for real-time or near real-time streaming
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KR101233582B1 (ko) 2013-02-15
CN102308547B (zh) 2014-11-19
BRPI0923917A2 (pt) 2016-02-16
EP3300372A2 (en) 2018-03-28
WO2010078281A3 (en) 2011-01-13
RU2481720C2 (ru) 2013-05-10
MX2011006973A (es) 2011-12-06
JP2012514276A (ja) 2012-06-21
CN102611701B (zh) 2015-07-15
WO2010078281A2 (en) 2010-07-08
EP3300372A3 (en) 2018-05-02
CA2748548A1 (en) 2010-07-08
KR101215232B1 (ko) 2012-12-24
JP5296859B2 (ja) 2013-09-25
CN102308547A (zh) 2012-01-04
BRPI0923917B1 (pt) 2021-05-25
KR20110098864A (ko) 2011-09-01
AU2009335146A8 (en) 2011-12-01
CN102611701A (zh) 2012-07-25
SG172820A1 (en) 2011-08-29
RU2011132008A (ru) 2013-02-10
AU2009335146B2 (en) 2012-12-20
CA2748548C (en) 2015-02-24
AU2009335146A1 (en) 2011-07-21
JP5384664B2 (ja) 2014-01-08
EP3300372B1 (en) 2022-01-26
JP2012138083A (ja) 2012-07-19
KR20110102495A (ko) 2011-09-16

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