EP2390419A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Säulen im Boden - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Säulen im Boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2390419A2
EP2390419A2 EP11166557A EP11166557A EP2390419A2 EP 2390419 A2 EP2390419 A2 EP 2390419A2 EP 11166557 A EP11166557 A EP 11166557A EP 11166557 A EP11166557 A EP 11166557A EP 2390419 A2 EP2390419 A2 EP 2390419A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reservoir
tool
column
perforation
ground
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11166557A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2390419B1 (de
EP2390419A3 (de
Inventor
Gérard Cardona
Régis Bernasinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP2390419A2 publication Critical patent/EP2390419A2/de
Publication of EP2390419A3 publication Critical patent/EP2390419A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2390419B1 publication Critical patent/EP2390419B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of soil improvement techniques and that of deep foundations.
  • soil improvement techniques aim at consolidating land with a heterogeneous structure, especially when they are inconstructible. These techniques also make it possible to prevent seismic risks.
  • the present invention more specifically relates to a machine for producing columns in a soil, and a method using said machine. It is specified that these columns can also be foundation piles.
  • the figure 3 of the document EP 1 688 543 discloses a machine and method for making a rigid inclusion having the shape of a column. This process comprises two phases. In a first step, the lower portion of the column is made using a drilling tool 23 provided with a concrete pump, this lower portion having a constant diameter over its entire height. The drilling tool is then removed and replaced by another tool, namely a vibrator. After the tool change, the upper portion of the ballast column is made.
  • This method makes it possible to produce columns of mixed type, that is to say made of two different materials.
  • This temporal discontinuity in the production of a mixed column has several disadvantages.
  • the ballast of the upper portion may not associate well with the concrete of the lower portion, thus creating a discontinuity in the structure of the column, especially at the interface of the two materials.
  • this process is slow, complex to implement and especially does not control the geometric characteristics of the column.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a machine and a method for producing columns in a soil that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the machine according to the invention makes it possible to produce mixed columns with a single tool and in a single phase.
  • These columns have at least one upper portion and one lower portion.
  • the lower portion of the column is made through the perforation tool, while the upper portion of the column is achieved through the tank which is introduced into the ground.
  • the geometric shape of the upper portion of the column corresponds to the geometric shape of the reservoir.
  • the upper portion of the column is made of the second building material, while the lower portion is preferably, but not necessarily, made of the first building material.
  • the machine according to the invention has the advantage of being able to produce columns in a simple and fast way, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of said columns.
  • the columns made using the machine according to the invention have a better structural continuity, especially at the interface between the two building materials.
  • the second material being discharged more quickly into the ground, the first and second materials have time to mix at the interface, whereby we obtain a structural continuity between the two materials significantly improved.
  • the first building material is preferably concrete, while the second material is preferably ballast, after which the lower portion of the column is made of concrete, while the upper portion of the column is made of ballast.
  • the reservoir has a diameter greater than that of the soil perforation tool, whereby the upper portion of the column advantageously has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion of the column.
  • the machine according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce mixed columns having a variable diameter.
  • the carrier further comprises a movement mechanism for moving the mast in the longitudinal direction of said mast, the reservoir being fixed at the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the reservoir. in the ground comprising said mechanism for moving the mast.
  • the tank is introduced into the ground by a longitudinal translation of the mast of the carrier.
  • the mast is preferentially moved vertically to the ground, for example by means of a jack mounted between the frame of the carrier and the mast.
  • the tank is slidably mounted along the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the tank into the ground comprise means for sliding the tank along the lower end of the mast. It is therefore understood that the tank can be lowered down the mast so as to be introduced into the ground, and that the tank and the carriage can slide along the mast, independently of one another.
  • the perforation tool is advantageously a vibrating needle, and the carriage is further equipped with a vibrator.
  • the perforation of the ground is achieved by pushing the needle into the ground while making it vibrate for ease of penetration.
  • the machine according to the invention furthermore advantageously comprises securing means for securing the tank with the perforation tool. It is understood that when the tank is secured to the needle, the vibrations generated by the vibrator of the carriage are transmitted to the tank. The vibrating reservoir can then be more easily introduced into the ground, by moving the mast (first embodiment) or by moving the reservoir along the mast (second embodiment).
  • the securing means comprise at least one jack attached to the reservoir while being arranged to exert a transverse pressure on the perforating tool.
  • the securing means preferably comprise at least one jaw which is able to grip the perforation tool.
  • the lower end of the perforation tool carries a cutting tool
  • the carriage further comprises means for rotating the perforation tool, for example a motor. It is therefore understood that the perforation is here performed by driving the perforation tool in rotation about its axis.
  • the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator or an oscillator which can be activated so as to facilitate the introduction of the reservoir into the ground.
  • the reservoir has a cylindrical body which is coaxial with the perforation tool, while its lower end has a frustoconical shape.
  • This ogival shape facilitates the introduction of the tank into the ground.
  • other forms can be provided depending on the geometry of the column that one wishes to obtain.
  • the reservoir advantageously has a controllable valve for closing the opening of the tank.
  • the valve is mounted at the end of a rotary tube in which the perforating tool is slidable.
  • This rotating tube also constitutes an internal jacket of the reservoir.
  • rotation of the rotary tube by a quarter of a turn makes it possible to pass the opening of the reservoir from a closed position to an open position, and conversely, the pivoting of the rotary tube being operated by means of a pivoting device.
  • the perforation tool of the machine according to the invention is preferably also provided with a shutter capable of closing off the orifice, said shutter being arranged in such a way that it closes the orifice when the lower end of the perforating tool comes into contact with the lower end of the reservoir.
  • the shutter according to the invention allows in particular to close the end of the perforation tool, and thus stop the spill of the first building material in the soil, after the lower portion of the column has been molded.
  • This method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column. It can be implemented with one or the other of the first and second variants of the first and second embodiments of the machine according to the invention.
  • the implementation of this method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion, when the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool.
  • the filling of the tank can also be performed before its introduction into the soil or just after.
  • the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.
  • the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.
  • the resulting column is made of the first building material.
  • the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool so that the column obtained has a non-constant diameter.
  • the filling of the tank can also take place before its introduction into the ground or just after.
  • the descent of the tank can take place by lowering the mast or by moving the tank along the mast.
  • a step is preferably carried out during which an alternating displacement of the reservoir and / or the perforation tool is carried out during the raising of the reservoir and / or the tool. perforation, so as to compact the second material.
  • machine 10 for producing columns in a soil S according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • This machine 10 comprises a crawler carrier 12 which is equipped with an articulated arm 14 .
  • This articulated arm 14 comprises a holding member 16 provided for holding a mast 18 which extends in a longitudinal direction. More precisely, the mast 18 can slide, in its longitudinal direction, with respect to the holding member 16 .
  • a movement mechanism in this case a jack 20 fixed to the holding member 16 on the one hand, and the mast 18 on the other hand, for moving the mast in its longitudinal direction .
  • the jack 20 moves the mast in a substantially vertical direction.
  • a mobile carriage 22 is slidably mounted along the mast 18 .
  • This mobile carriage 22 can be moved along the mast 18 by means known elsewhere and not shown here.
  • the carriage 22 further includes a vibrator 24 connected to the upper end 26a of a longitudinal soil piercing tool 26.
  • the soil piercing tool 26 is a vibrating needle.
  • the vibrating needle 26 extends in a direction parallel to the mast 18 . It is therefore understood that the vibrator 24 is provided to vibrate the vibrating needle 26 .
  • the upper end 26a of the vibrating needle 26 is connected to supply means (not shown here) in a first building material, in this case concrete.
  • the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle 26 is provided with an orifice 28 for the discharge of the first construction material in the soil S.
  • the machine 10 further comprises a reservoir 30 which is fixedly secured to the lower end 18a of the mast 18.
  • This reservoir 30 comprises a body 32 having the general shape of a cylinder, while the lower end 32a of the body 32 has a frustoconical shape.
  • the lower end 32a of the body has in this case an opening 33 for emptying the tank 30 .
  • the diameter of the body 32 of the reservoir 30 is greater than that of the vibrating needle.
  • the vibrocapping needle has a diameter of 270 mm, while the reservoir has a diameter of 700 mm and a height of between 1 and 10 m.
  • the upper end of the reservoir has a funnel portion 34 which facilitates the filling of the reservoir 30 ; with a second building material, in this case ballast.
  • the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle are coaxial with the reservoir 30 extending around the vibrating needle. More specifically, the vibrating needle can slide axially through the reservoir 30 during movement of the movable carriage 22 along the mast.
  • the machine 10 is also equipped with securing means 36 to allow the reservoir 30 to be joined to the vibro-shaping needle 26 .
  • These means of solidarity comprise in this case a pair of jaws 38 actuated by jacks 40 oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibrating needle.
  • These securing means 36 are preferably arranged above the tank 30 .
  • the jaws 38 come to grip the vibrating needle so that the latter can no longer move relative to the reservoir 30 .
  • the vibrations generated by the vibrator 24 of the carriage 22 are advantageously transmitted to the reservoir 30 via the securing means.
  • the tank can be vibro-dark in soil S.
  • the machine 10 further comprises a rotary tube 42 disposed inside the cylindrical body 32 of the tank 30 .
  • the vibrating needle and the rotating tube 42 are coaxial.
  • the rotating tube 42 has a diameter slightly greater than that of the vibrating needle 26 so that the latter can slide inside the rotary tube 42 . It is specified that the rotary tube 42 is pivotally mounted to a plate 44 , which plate is secured to the reservoir 30 . In this case, this plate 44 carries the securing means 36 and is fixed to the lower end of the mast 18 . The rotary tube 42 extends to the lower end of the cylindrical body 32.
  • the lower end of the rotary tube comprises a valve 46 having the shape of a curved plate whose dimensions are adapted to be able to cover the opening 33 of the tank.
  • the valve 46 is intended to plug the opening 33 .
  • the machine 10 further comprises a jack 48 , attached to the reservoir, for rotating the rotary tube 42 about its axis, preferably a quarter turn.
  • the actuation of the jack 48 makes it possible to control the opening and closing of the valve 46 , and thus the opening and closing of the reservoir 30 .
  • the volume of the reservoir extends radially between the rotary tube 42 and the body 32 .
  • the rotary tube advantageously constitutes the inner liner of the tank.
  • the concrete is intended to flow through the orifice 28 , this flow being here symbolized by the arrow F.
  • the pumping of the concrete is carried out during the ascent of the vibrating needle 26 .
  • a shutter 50 is pivotally mounted at the lower end of the vibrating needle around an axis of rotation 52 . More specifically, the shutter 50 is fixed to a cam 54 having an abutment surface 56. This cam 54 is pivotally mounted relative to the axis 52 .
  • the lower end 32a of the cylindrical body 32 has a finger 58 projecting axially towards the abutment surface 56 .
  • the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle carries a stop 60 for blocking the ascent of said needle when the end of the latter comes into contact with the lower end of the body 32 of the reservoir 30 .
  • step ( 1 ) the mast is in the up position and the carriage 22 is positioned at the top of the mast 18 , so that the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are arranged out of the ground.
  • step ( 2 ) the vibrator 24 is actuated and the carriage 22 is brought to the lower end of the mast 18 so that the vibrating needle penetrates the soil S to a predetermined depth P. During this step, the reservoir is not secured to the vibrating needle 26 .
  • step ( 3 ) the reservoir 30 is secured with the vibrating needle in order to vibrate the needle and the reservoir.
  • step ( 4 ) the reservoir 30 is detached from the vibrating needle 26 , then the carriage 22 is brought towards the upper end of the mast 18 so as to raise the vibrating needle 26 .
  • the shutter 50 is open and concrete is pumped into the ground through the orifice 28 , whereby the lower portion of column C1 is formed.
  • the tank 30 is thus held down in the ground on the depth L.
  • the shutter 28 closes when the needle is raised.
  • the tank is filled with ballast B.
  • step (5) the rotary tube is rotated so as to open the valve 46 , then the mast 18 is raised so as to raise the reservoir 30 .
  • the ballast B is poured into the ground (through the opening 33 above the lower column portion C1, so as to form the upper column portion C2.
  • step (5) there is obtained the mixed column C, consisting of a lower portion C1 of concrete, and an upper portion C2 in ballast.
  • This interface I consisting of a concrete / ballast mixture ensures the structural continuity of the column C , whereby a column having improved mechanical strength is obtained.
  • a step (5 ') the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are joined together, the assembly formed of the reservoir and the needle is slightly raised, in this case by slightly raising the mast 18 . Then, the reservoir 30 and the needle 26 are separated.
  • a step (6 ') is completely back the vibratory driving needle while pumping concrete into the ground so as to form the middle portions C'3 and C "3 columns C' and C".
  • the shutter 50 is in the closed position and closes the orifice 28.
  • the machine 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to produce mono-material columns C "' such as that shown in FIG. Figure 7D .
  • steps (1) to (3) of the figure 6 steps (1) to (3) of the figure 6 .
  • a step (4 ") is then performed during which the vibrating needle 26 is partially raised while pumping concrete into the soil so as to form the lower portion C"'1 .
  • the process according to the invention makes it possible to quickly and easily produce a single-material column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion.
  • This machine 110 has a longitudinal mast 118 attached to a carrier 112 .
  • the lower end of the mast bears on the ground S.
  • the machine 110 further comprises a carriage 122 slidably mounted along the mast 118 , similarly to the carriage 22 of the first embodiment.
  • the machine 110 also comprises a reservoir 130 similar to the reservoir 30 of the first embodiment.
  • the mast 118 is not intended to be translated in its longitudinal direction.
  • the means for introducing the reservoir 130 into the ground S comprise means for sliding the reservoir 130 along the end. lower 118a of the mast 118 .
  • These means may for example comprise a traction cable attached to the reservoir on the one hand and to a winch on the other hand, and passing through a pulley mounted at the upper end of the mast 118.
  • the reservoir 130 can therefore move from a high position, in which it is located outside the ground, to a low position, into which it is introduced into the ground.
  • the machine 110 also comprises a perforation tool 126 fixed to the carriage 122 and passing through the reservoir 130 .
  • the upper end of the perforation tool 126 is connected to supply means of a first building material, in this case concrete, while the lower end 126b is provided with an orifice 128 for pumping. concrete in the soil.
  • the perforation tool 126 is a rotary shaft whose inner end 126b has a cutting tool 127 .
  • the carriage 122 thus comprises a motor for driving the cutting tool 127 in rotation.
  • the tank 130 further comprises a vibrator 131 . It is therefore clear that the tank 130 is vibrated in the ground autonomously.
  • the carriage 122 is provided with a vibrator and the machine comprises means for securing the reservoir with the vibroforming needle.
  • the vibrating needle of the first embodiment can also be replaced by a rotary shaft provided with a cutting tool such as that described in the second embodiment. reference to the figure 8 .
  • the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator.
  • step (1) the carriage is arranged at the upper end of the mast 122, while reservoir 130 is placed in the upper position.
  • step (2) the rotary shaft 126 is rotated and the carriage 122 is lowered to the lower end of the mast 118 at a depth P.
  • step (4) the rotary shaft 126 is raised while pumping concrete into the ground (the shutter 150 being open) so as to form the lower portion D1 of the column D.
  • the rotary shaft 126 is raised so that the shutter 150 is closed, after which the pouring of the concrete is stopped.
  • step (5) the tank is refilled beforehand, while discharging ballast B into the soil so as to form the upper portion D2 of the column.
  • an alternating displacement of the tank is carried out so as to compact the ballast.
  • machine 110 according to the second embodiment of the invention also makes it possible to obtain the other types of column illustrated in FIGS. Figures 7B to 7D .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP11166557.6A 2010-05-27 2011-05-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Säulen im Boden Active EP2390419B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1054090A FR2960571B1 (fr) 2010-05-27 2010-05-27 Machine et procede pour la realisation de colonnes dans un sol

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2390419A2 true EP2390419A2 (de) 2011-11-30
EP2390419A3 EP2390419A3 (de) 2014-11-05
EP2390419B1 EP2390419B1 (de) 2016-04-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11166557.6A Active EP2390419B1 (de) 2010-05-27 2011-05-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Säulen im Boden

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EP (1) EP2390419B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2960571B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2669436A1 (de) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-04 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Ramm- und Ziehvorrichtung
DE102015105701A1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Karl-Heinz Jörger Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Hybrid-Säulen in einen Boden zur Baugrundverbesserung
US10822762B2 (en) * 2017-06-12 2020-11-03 Ppi Engineering & Construction Services, Llc Combination pier
CN115288121A (zh) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 李健 一种旋转挤密式变径桩施工工艺

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3026754B1 (fr) 2014-10-01 2016-12-02 Soletanche Freyssinet Machine et procede pour la realisation de colonnes dans un sol

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1688543A2 (de) 2005-01-10 2006-08-09 KELLER GRUNDBAU GmbH Baugrundverbesserung durch Hybrid-Säulen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659208A (en) * 1947-10-21 1953-11-17 Frankignoul Pieux Armes Drainage pile
GB8418991D0 (en) * 1984-07-25 1984-08-30 Cementation Piling & Found Ground treatment
US6382878B1 (en) * 1999-12-03 2002-05-07 Yue-Chyou Yang Multi-sectioned concrete support structure and method of manufacture

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1688543A2 (de) 2005-01-10 2006-08-09 KELLER GRUNDBAU GmbH Baugrundverbesserung durch Hybrid-Säulen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2669436A1 (de) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-04 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Ramm- und Ziehvorrichtung
DE102015105701A1 (de) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Karl-Heinz Jörger Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Hybrid-Säulen in einen Boden zur Baugrundverbesserung
US10822762B2 (en) * 2017-06-12 2020-11-03 Ppi Engineering & Construction Services, Llc Combination pier
EP3638854A4 (de) * 2017-06-12 2021-03-17 PPI Engineering&Construction Services, LLC Kombinationspfeiler
CN115288121A (zh) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 李健 一种旋转挤密式变径桩施工工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2390419B1 (de) 2016-04-06
FR2960571B1 (fr) 2012-06-22
FR2960571A1 (fr) 2011-12-02
EP2390419A3 (de) 2014-11-05

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