Classifications

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  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
  • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
  • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
  • A61K31/196—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino group being directly attached to a ring, e.g. anthranilic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, chlorambucil
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  • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
  • A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
  • A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
  • A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/5026—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
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  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
  • A61K31/716—Glucans
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
  • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
  • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/1611—Inorganic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
  • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
  • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/1635—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2009—Inorganic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/2027—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
  • A61K9/2077—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets
  • A61K9/2081—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets with microcapsules or coated microparticles according to A61K9/50
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
  • A61K9/2806—Coating materials
  • A61K9/2833—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/284—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/28—Dragees; Coated pills or tablets, e.g. with film or compression coating
  • A61K9/2806—Coating materials
  • A61K9/2833—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/284—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone
  • A61K9/2846—Poly(meth)acrylates
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/08—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for nausea, cinetosis or vertigo; Antiemetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical compositions and a method of preparing them.
• Oral controlled release has been the most popular drug delivery system for obvious advantages of oral route of drug administration. It ensures sustained action of drug release over a prolonged period of time maintaining plasma concentrations in the therapeutic window.
• Certain disease conditions demand release of drug after a lag time.
• the drug should not be released for the first 2 to 6 hours. After this lag time the drug should be released either in pulses or in an extended release manner so as to achieve the desired therapeutic action.
• the conditions, which demand such release pattern include: a) Physiological functions that follow circadian rhythm and cause a rise and fall in hormones like renin, aldosterone and Cortisol etc. b) Diseases that display chronopharmacological dependence like rheumatoid arthritis, gastrosophageal reflux disease, bronchial asthma, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension etc.
• chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems which release bioactive agents at a rhythm that ideally matches the biological requirement of a given disease therapy
• they include time-controlled and site-specific drug delivery systems.
• researchers have now found that the timing for the taking of a medicine can affect the way the human body responds to the medicine.
• the science of treating the human body taking into account the natural circadian variation is Chronotherapeutics.
• Chronotherapeutics relies on the practice of delivering the correct amount of medication to the correct site of action at the most appropriate time period for the particular disease or condition.
• the major objective of chronotherapy for indications such as rheumatoid arthritis, gastric acid secretion, asthma and cardiovascular diseases is to deliver the drug in the desired concentrations during the time of greatest need and in lesser concentrations when the need is less.
• Our circadian rhythm is based on sleep-activity cycle and is influenced by our genetic makeup and thereby affects our bodies' function throughout day and night (24-hour period).
• Arthritis is a group of conditions involving damage to the joints of the body. Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in people older than fifty-five years. There are different forms of arthritis; each has a different cause. The most common form of arthritis is osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) is a result of trauma to the joint, infection of the joint, or age. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormal anatomy might contribute to the early development of osteoarthritis. Other arthritis forms are rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Septic arthritis is caused by joint infection. Gouty arthritis is caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint, causing inflammation.
• Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder that most commonly causes inflammation and tissue damage in joints (arthritis) and tendon sheaths, together with anemia. It can also produce diffuse inflammation in the lungs, pericardium, pleura, and the sclera of the eye, and also nodular lesions, most common in subcutaneous tissue under the skin. It can be a disabling and painful condition, which can lead to substantial loss of functioning and mobility. It is diagnosed chiefly on symptoms and signs, but also with blood tests (especially a test called rheumatoid factor) and X-rays.
• RA patients Diagnosis and long-term management are typically performed by a rheumatologist, an expert in the diseases of joints and connective tissues. It is the clinical experience of rheumatologists that RA patients particularly experience joint pain, joint swelling, morning stiffness and functional disability in the early morning hours, with respect to arthritis, chronobiological patterns have been observed with artiritis pain. People with osteoarthritis tend to have less pain in the morning and more at night, whereas for people with rheumatoid arthritis the pain usually peaks in the morning and decreases as the days wears on. Past animal studies have shown that joint inflammation in rats fluctuates over a 24 hour period, this observation is supported by patients and physician. Potential drug candidates for treatment of arthritis include NSAIDs and corticosteroids.
• the dosages should be timed to ensure that the highest blood levels of the drug coincide with peak pain.
• the optimal time for an NSAID would be around noon or mid afternoon.
• the optimal time for an NSAID to be taken is after the evening meal.
• US20050276853 assigned to Penwest pharmaceuticals is directed to a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical formulation comprising a core of active ingredient and a delayed release compression coating comprising a natural or synthetic gum applied onto the surface of core.
• US6346268 assigned to Duramed pharmaceuticals is directed to a depot drug formulation including active ingredient and three-component release rate controlling matrix composition.
• the three components of matrix composition used in the invention are pH dependent gelling polymer as alginate component, an enteric polymer component and a pH independent gelling polymer
• US20060099260 assigned to Biokey Inc. is directed to a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a core comprising bupropion and, a coating comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable pH independent polymer and a surfactant
• An object of the invention is to provide a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition that is effective in controlling diseases that show chronopharmacological dependence.
• An aspect of the present invention relates to a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition
• a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition comprising of at least one active ingredient coated with agents or polymers, which are pH independent.
• the composition further comprises of hydrophilic agents that are mixed with the coated active ingredient.
• the active ingredient is released initially after a certain lag time followed by controlled release of the active ingredient as per the body's circadian rhythm.
• the lag time of the delayed extended release active ingredient is 4-6 hours thereby followed by the controlled release of the active ingredient over a time period of up to 24 hours.
• the composition is further enterically coated by means of pH dependent polymers.
• Another aspect of the invention comprises of a process to prepare a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition, which comprises of an active ingredient, a pH independent agent and a hydrophilic agent.
• the process comprises of coating the active ingredients with pH independent agent.
• the coated active ingredients are then blended with hydrophilic agents and compressed into tablets.
• the compressed tablets are further enterically coated to provide the chronotherapeutic composition.
• Figure 1 is a graph showing the dissolution profile in accordance with Table 1.
• a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition comprises of at least one active ingredient, a pH independent agent and a hydrophilic agent. Only the active ingredient is coated with the pH independent agent or pH independent polymer. The hydrophilic agent forms a matrix around the coated active ingredient. The concentration of the active ingredient is lmg to 1000 mg. The composition provides an initial lag time of up to 4-6 hours followed by controlled release of the active ingredient up to 24 hours.
• the active ingredient of the chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition is from the class of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
• NSAIDs are selected from the group comprising of naproxen, lornoxicam, dilcofenac, ibuprofen and salts thereof.
• naproxen sodium is the NSAID used for the chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition.
• Naproxen is a propionic acid derivative related to the arylacetic acid group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• the chemical names for Naproxen and Naproxen sodium are "(S)-6-methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid” and "(S)- ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ - methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium salt", respectively.
• Naproxen and Naproxen sodium have the following structures, respectively represented by formula I:
• Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for the reduction of moderate to severe pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-I and COX-2 enzymes.
• Naproxen has a pH dependent solubility i.e. slightly soluble in cidic pH and freely soluble in alkaline pH. It is BCS (Biopharmaceutic classification system) class II drug (low solubility and high permeability).
• the pH independent agent or pH independent polymer is selected from the group comprising of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), methylcellulose, guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, hydroxyethyl cellulose and ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate copolymer dispersion (Eudragit ® NE 30 D), ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate dispersion (Kollicoat ® SR 30D) or combinations thereof and other such materials known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
• HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
• HPC hydroxypropyl cellulose
• PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
• methylcellulose guar gum
• xanthan gum xanthan gum
• gum arabic hydroxyethyl cellulose and ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate copolymer dispersion
• the hydrophilic agent or swellable polymer is selected from the group comprising of polyethylene oxide, cellulose ethers, guar, guar derivatives, locust bean gum, psyllium, gum arabic, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, carrageenan, agar, alginates, xanthan, scleroglucan, dextran, pectin, starch, chitin and chitosan, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropylhydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), methylhydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC), methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethylmethylmethyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC) or combinations thereof and other such materials known to
• a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition comprises of at least one active ingredient, a pH independent agent or pH independent polymer and hydrophilic agent. Only the active ingredient is coated with the pH independent polymer. The concentration of the active ingredient is 1 mg to 1000 mg. The composition provides an initial lag time of up to 4-6 hours followed by controlled release of the active ingredient up to 24 hours.
• the composition further comprises of an enteric coating. The enteric coating is done by enteric coating polymers, which allow further delay in the release of the active ingredient.
• the pH dependent polymers are selected from the group of shellac, methacrylic acid copolymers, (Eudragit ® S or L) cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, cellulose acetate trimellitate and polyvinyl acetate phthalate (Opadry ® enteric white OY-P-7171), or combinations thereof and other such materials known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
• a process to prepare a chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition which comprises of an active ingredient coated with a pH independent agent and hydrophilic agent is provided.
• the process comprises the steps of coating the active ingredient with pH independent agent. Coating of the active ingredient is carried out in a fluidized bed processor.
• the coated active ingredients are then blended with swellable and rapidly gelling hydrophilic agents.
• the blended composition is then compressed into tablets. The compressed tablets are then further enterically coated with enteric coating polymers to provide the chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition.
• the chronotherapeutic composition further comprises of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• Another embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the chronotherapeutic composition for the treatment of diseases that show chronopharmacological dependence.
• the diseases are arthritis, gastrosophageal reflux disease, bronchial asthma, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension.
• Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for treatment of diseases that show chronopharmacological dependence comprising administering therapeutically effective amount of the composition to the subject.
• the pharmaceutical composition is provided in a tablet form and is orally administered once a day.
• the active ingredients in the tablet are either in pellet, and / or granule form before compression.
• Various other dosage forms are possible for the composition; it could also be in the form of a capsule filled with granules or minitablets.
• the technology provides two approaches i) Initial delayed release i.e. lag time up to 4-6 hours ii) Followed by controlled drug release up to 24 hours.
• the active ingredient is coated and mixed with the matrix forming hydrophilic agent and compressed into tablets.
• the compressed tablets are then further enteric coated with delayed release pH dependent agents.
• the chronotherapeutic composition contains two coatings one on the active ingredient and the other on the compressed tablet.
• the particulate coated drug or coated active ingredient is compressed with matrix forming hydrophilic agent, the drug release from such system occurs through particulate coating and then through matrix around the coated particles.
• the hydrophilic agents provide additional barrier to get uniform and extended lag time.
• delayed release means the release of active ingredient is delayed for 4-6 hours (lag time) and where drug release should be less than 10% of label claim.
• active ingredient is from class Non- Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drug (NSAID).
• NSAID Non- Steroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drug
• excipients means a component of a pharmaceutical product that is not an active ingredient for example, fillers, diluents, carriers, alkalinizer, plasticizer, antiadherents, glidants, binders, solvents and the like.
• excipients that are useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition are safe, non-toxic and are acceptable for pharmaceutical use.
• filler means inert substances used as fillers to create the desired bulk, flow properties.
• Such compounds include, by way of example and without limitation, dibasic calcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, pregelatinized starch, sucrose, powdered cellulose, precipitated calcium carbonate, starch, lactose, glucose and combinations thereof and other such materials known to those skilled in the art.
• binder means agents used while making granules of the active ingredient by mixing it with diluent/filler.
• Such compounds include, by way of example and without limitation, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), pregelatinized starch, starch, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), crospovidone and hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC) and combinations thereof and other such materials known to those skilled in the art.
• glidant means agents used in formulations to improve flow- properties.
• Such compounds include, by way of example and without limitation, colloidal silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, cornstarch, talc, combinations thereof and other such materials known to those skilled in the art.
• pH independent agent or "pH independent polymer” as used herein means polymers which shows similar change throughout all pH range i.e. it doesn't show any specific change in specific pH range.
• hydrophilic agent or "swellable polymers” as used herein means polymers, which have pronounced affinity due to their chemical structures for aqueous solutions, in which they swell rather than dissolve.
• enteric coating polymers means polymers, used to define a “pH dependent" coating which will resist dissolution in the acidic medium of the stomach and will dissolve in the environment of the small intestine.
• Step I Development of Naproxen granules using fluidized bed processor (FBP)
• the dispersion was used for coating of Naproxen granules.
• Step III Compression of Naproxen chronotherapeutic drug release tablets (500mg) and its enteric coating
• step 1 Required quantity of 5% w/w Eudragit ® NE 30D coated Naproxen granules were weighed. 2. Granules of step 1 were mixed with #40 mesh ASTM passed dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, polyethylene oxide and sodium alginate.
• step 2 The blend of step 2 was lubricated by magnesium stearate and compressed into tablets.
• the chronotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition of Naproxen was then tested for its dissolution profile under dissolution conditions: USP Type- II, 1000 mL, 75 RPM, 0-2 Hrs. 0.1N HCl & 2-24 Hrs. Phosphate buffer pH 6.8.
• the dissolution profiles are set forth below in Table 1 and a graphical representation is shown in Figure 1.

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