EP2383037A1 - Device for grinding feedstock - Google Patents

Device for grinding feedstock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2383037A1
EP2383037A1 EP11003437A EP11003437A EP2383037A1 EP 2383037 A1 EP2383037 A1 EP 2383037A1 EP 11003437 A EP11003437 A EP 11003437A EP 11003437 A EP11003437 A EP 11003437A EP 2383037 A1 EP2383037 A1 EP 2383037A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
transverse side
segments
rotor
transverse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11003437A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2383037B1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Pallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Publication of EP2383037A1 publication Critical patent/EP2383037A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2383037B1 publication Critical patent/EP2383037B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C2013/145—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with fast rotating vanes generating vortexes effecting material on material impact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for comminuting feed material according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such devices are assigned to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular the conversion of a starting material into a final product of predetermined shape and size by means of comminution.
  • Such devices include disc mills, such as those from the DE 202 16 056 U1 are known.
  • Such disc mills have a rotor which cooperates within a housing with a stator.
  • the rotor consists essentially of a carrier disk, which is equipped over its outer peripheral portion with lying in the disk plane grinding tools.
  • the grinding tools are in axial distance while maintaining a Mahlspalts stationary stator opposite, which are arranged on the housing inner wall concentrically around the axis of rotation around.
  • Both rotor and stator tools can be formed by segments and are screwed to the carrier disk or the housing wall. This very time-consuming work not only increases the assembly costs for wear-related tool change, but also increases the proportion of downtime of the disc mill, which precludes efficient use. For this reason, disk mills already use rotor and stator tools, which consist of a complete ring that can be exchanged as a whole. Although the tool change times are thereby shortened, the profile of the grinding tools is limited to a substantially radial corrugation in terms of production technology.
  • the state of the art also includes mills, such as those in the EP 2 070 596 A1 are described.
  • the mill disclosed therein has a cone-shaped housing, the inner periphery of which is provided with a hollow truncated cone-shaped Mahlbahnmbi to form a stator.
  • Mahlbahnmbies coaxial with a rotor is arranged, whose rotor tools are formed by pendulum-mounted, radially aligned impact plates that stroke while maintaining a Mahlspalts on the inner circumference of the stator along.
  • the hollow truncated cone-shaped Mahlbahnnot forms the stator and is used as a whole in the housing, with a clamping ring on the larger diameter end face of the housing securing against axial changes in position of the grinding track insert guaranteed.
  • a substantially coaxial corrugation on the inner circumference of the grinding track insert is possible due to the monolithic design of the Mahlbahncons here.
  • Variations in the geometry of the corrugation in order to adapt the surface of the stator tools effective for the comminution to a specific feed material or to achieve a specific processing result are not possible.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop known devices with regard to the shortest possible downtimes during the tool change and the greatest possible flexibility in the adaptation of the stator tools to the feed material and the properties of the end product.
  • the invention it is possible at the same time to satisfy the mutually exclusive requirements in the prior art for the fastest possible change of the comminution tools on the one hand and the greatest possible freedom in the selection of the type of corrugation of the comminution tools within a device.
  • stator By segment-like design of the stator, it is possible that two successive segments have a different corrugation, whereby both the intensity of the crushing and the residence time of the feed material in the crushing can be controlled. At the same time the segments are placed for mounting only in the stator and then fixed with a clamping element in position. In this way, extremely short tool change-related downtimes can be achieved.
  • the invention enables a more economical operation of the device according to the invention by a simplified tool change with simultaneous qualitative improvement of the processing result due to the ability to better adapt the stator to the respective conditions.
  • the Fig. 1 and 2 give a vertical and horizontal section through a device according to the invention in the form of a mill 1 again.
  • a frame-like, made of steel profiles substructure 2 which forms with its top a horizontal platform 3 with a central opening 4.
  • the substructure 1 carries the mill 1 according to the invention, whose axis of rotation 5 is oriented perpendicular to the platform 3 and extends through the central opening 4.
  • the mill 1 comprises a housing 6 with a lower part 7, which is formed by a cylindrical trough.
  • the bottom 8 of the tub has a circular, concentric with the axis of rotation 5 opening 9. Upwards, the lower part 7 is open, wherein the edge is formed by a circumferential annular flange 10.
  • the annular flange 10 serves as a support and Attachment of a concentric bearing ring 11, which is formed angularly in cross-section and the horizontal leg is connected to the annular flange 10.
  • the housing 6 continues in a bell-shaped, hollow truncated cone-shaped upper part 12, the larger diameter underside of which is open and assigned to the lower part 7 and whose smaller diameter upper side has an opening 14 which is bounded by a circumferential, radially inwardly pointing collar 13.
  • a removable lid 15 is detachably screwed to the collar 13 and has a concentric feed opening 16, to which a supply nozzle 17 connects.
  • the arrow 18 embodies the feed material which is fed axially to the mill 1 through the feed pipe 17.
  • the larger diameter underside of the upper part 12 has a circumferential on the outer circumference annular flange 19, which is supported by adjusting screws 20 on the vertical leg of the bearing ring 11.
  • adjusting screws 20 on the vertical leg of the bearing ring 11.
  • the housing portion between the annular flange 19 and the larger diameter end face of the upper part 12 of the outer housing shell is cylindrical in order to be accurately guided and axially displaceable within the bearing ring 11.
  • the distance between the lower part 7 and upper part 12 can be adjusted.
  • the housing upper part 12 forms with its inner circumference the stator, along which fifteen, the crushing path-forming segments 21 are arranged.
  • the longitudinal sides 22 of the segments 21 are designed for this purpose so that they each extend in axial planes with respect to the axis of rotation 5.
  • the circumferentially butted segments 21 form in this way the stator of the rotor-stator system.
  • the cross section of the segments 21 is above all Fig. 2 out. Accordingly, the segments 21 have a plane rear side 23 and lie only with their longitudinal sides formed by the rear side 23 and longitudinal sides 22 in each case linearly on the conical inner jacket of the upper part 12, resulting in a polygonal-like course of the back of the crushing path.
  • the linear bearing along the longitudinal edges also facilitates mounting against flat storage, since production-related inaccuracies within the storage area would hinder a rich resting of the segments 21.
  • the inside of the upper housing part 12 has a constant curvature, formed between the upper housing part 12 and the rear sides 23 of the segments 21 cavities 58 with a circular segment-shaped cross section, which can serve for example for the passage of a cooling medium.
  • the front side 24 of the segments 21 has a circular arc-shaped curvature and is equipped with a corrugation.
  • the size of the resulting between the segments 21 and the inside of the housing upper part 12 cavities 58 depends inter alia on the number of segments 21.
  • the invention thus prefers a number of segments between 12 and 20, preferably between 15 and 18.
  • a segment 21 thus extends over a 1/12 to 1/20, preferably over 1/15 to 1/18 of the inner circumference of the stator.
  • the rotor 26 rotating about the rotation axis 5.
  • the rotor 26 comprises a shaft 27, which is held coaxially with the rotation axis 5 within a cylindrical shaft bearing 28 in bearing groups 29.
  • the shaft bearing 28 is inserted over part of its length in the opening 9 in the bottom 8 of the lower part 7, wherein the shaft bearing 28 outer circumferential annular flange 30 for positionally accurate attachment of the rotor 26 relative to the housing 6 is used.
  • On the outside of the housing 6 lying end of the shaft 27 is seated a multi-pulley 31 which is coupled to a drive not shown.
  • a baffle plate 32 is fixed concentrically to the rotation axis 5 frontally.
  • the top of the feed opening 16 facing upper side arranged in the peripheral region Schlagklötze 33 form a first crushing stage for the reaching over the supply nozzle 17 into the mill 1 feed.
  • first carrier disk 34 At an axial distance to the baffle plate 32 is also a concentric sitting on the shaft 27 first carrier disk 34, on the circumference of pairs rotor tools in the form of impact plates 35 are arranged. In this case, the effective edges of the impact plates 35 run while maintaining a radial working gap parallel to generatrices of the Stator. Plan parallel and at an axial distance is arranged concentrically on the drive shaft 27 in the direction of the lower part 7 a first baffle plate 36.
  • the first baffle plate 36 serves to control the residence time and the material flow through the mill 1 according to the invention.
  • a further comminution stage is formed by a second carrier disk 37, which is fastened concentrically on the shaft 27 and, like the first carrier disk 34, is equipped with impact plates 35 on its circumference.
  • a second carrier disk 37 which is fastened concentrically on the shaft 27 and, like the first carrier disk 34, is equipped with impact plates 35 on its circumference.
  • In the direction of flow through the mill 1 finally follows a second, concentric on the shaft 27 seated baffle plate 38th
  • Fig. 3 the attachment of the segments 21 on the upper part 12 of the housing 6 is shown in detail. It shows Fig. 3 a cut, as in Fig. 2 is indicated with III - III and thus falls into the butt joint of two adjacent segments 21.
  • Each segment 21 has its attachment to the upper part 12 along the two transverse sides 25.1 and 25.2 each have a circular arc-shaped strip portion 39.1 and 39.2.
  • the strip sections 39.1 and 39.2 of all segments 21 form a ring strip which runs concentrically around the axis of rotation 5.
  • clamping ring 41 For attachment of the segments 21 in the region of the larger diameter underside of the upper part 12 there is also a concentric extending clamping ring 41 which can be clamped by means of screws 42 against the end face of the upper part 12.
  • the clamping ring 41 extends with its inner circumference radially inwardly over the opening on the underside of the upper part 12 and has an annular projection 43 projecting axially out of the ring plane, which when placing the clamping ring 41 onto the upper part 12 already fitted with segments 21, the strip sections 39 engages behind the second transverse side 25.2 of the segments 21 and thus ensures their positionally accurate position.
  • FIG. 4 represents a simplified in terms of the preparation of the device solution.
  • the positive connection in the region of the first transverse side 25.1 is not generated via a tongue and groove construction. Instead, the first transverse side 25.1 and the upper housing part 12 in the common contact surface are flat and lie in a radial plane with respect to the axis of rotation 5.
  • the two embodiments are the same 3 and 4 , so that what is said there applies.
  • Fig. 5 corresponds to the anchoring of the first transverse side 25.1 in the upper housing part 12 of the below Fig. 3 described.
  • the second transverse side 25.2 has a plane surface extending in a radial plane, on which a correspondingly designed clamping ring 41.1 acts.
  • both the first upper side 25.1 and the second upper side 25.2 of the segments 21 are flat and are held in the axial direction by corresponding planar bearing surfaces in the upper housing part 12 and on the clamping ring 41.1.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 6 is sort of a combination of in the 4 and 5 A position assurance of the segments 21 in the radial direction results from the annular arrangement of the segments 21 about the axis of rotation 5, wherein the segments 21 support each other over their longitudinal sides 22 and movements are prevented radially inwardly by the vault formation.
  • Fig. 7 to 13 relate to embodiments of different arrangements of the segments 21 on fixed or rotating support elements, wherein the mounting planes each lie in a radial plane with respect to the axis of rotation 5.
  • Such solutions are suitable for implementing the invention in disk mills, for example, according to the mentioned in the introduction DE 202 16 056 U1 ,
  • a support member such as a rigid or rotating carrier disk or a rigid housing wall.
  • the comminution tools in the form of segments 21 arranged in a circle about the axis of rotation 5 can be seen.
  • a recess 45 which is rectangular in cross-section and runs concentrically around the axis of rotation 5 is arranged in the surface of the support element 44.
  • the recess 45 is formed by a bottom 46, an outer wall 47 and an inner wall 48.
  • the recess 45 serves to receive the segments 21 which abut with their rear side 23 over the entire surface of the bottom 46 and with its first transverse side 25.1 over the entire surface of the outer wall 47.
  • the radial size of the recess 45 is chosen so that there is an annular space between the inner wall 48 and the segments 21, which serves to receive a clamping ring 41.3.
  • the clamping ring is supported 41.3 with its inner circumference on the inner wall 48, while the outer periphery decreases to form an oblique peripheral surface in the direction of the bottom 46 side facing.
  • about this inclined surface of the clamping ring 41 cooperates with the segments 21, the second transverse side 25.2 extends linearly to form a correspondingly inclined surface to the rear side 23. In this way, with the tightening of the screws 42 via the clamping ring 41.3 a radially outwardly against the outer wall 47 and axially against the bottom 46 acting on the clamping force transmitted to the segments 21.
  • Fig. 8 differs from this embodiment only in that the outer wall 47 is undercut towards the bottom 46.
  • the complementarily shaped first transverse side 25 of the segment 21 engages behind the undercut wall 47 and is additionally secured in this way against axial lifting.
  • Fig. 9 illustrated embodiment differs from the two previously described in that the support member 44 has no channel-like recess 45, but a substantially planar surface having only on the outer peripheral edge of an outwardly projecting ring wall 50, the radially inwardly facing side 49 is undercut, so that these areas correspond to the corresponding outer peripheral area of the Fig. 8 illustrated embodiment correspond.
  • the clamping ring 41.4 has an outer circumference corresponding to the in Fig. 8 So described acts with the inclined second transverse side 25.2 as in the Fig. 8 described together.
  • Fig. 10 corresponds in many parts of the under Fig. 7 described. Differences exist in the region of the second transverse side 25.2 of the segments 21, which widens stepwise to the rear side 23 of the segments 21 to form a rectangular strip section 39.1.
  • the clamping ring 41 has a complementarily shaped outer periphery with an annular flange 51, which biases the strip portion 39.1 axially against the bottom 46.
  • Fig. 11 resembles the under Fig. 10 described with the difference that the segments 21 in the region of the first transverse side 25.1 to the rear side 23 towards stepwise wide and thereby form a strip portion 39.2, which engages positively in a corresponding groove 52 in the outer wall 47.
  • the segments 21 thus have an axisymmetric cross section.
  • the clamping ring 41.6 has as in Fig. 11 described a circumferential on the outer circumference annular flange 51.
  • a second annular flange 53 which is arranged in an analogous manner on the inner circumference of the clamping ring 41.6.
  • the inner wall 48 has an annular recess 55 to a complementary geometry, so that when tightening the screws 42 of the clamping ring 41.6 is supported both on the strip portion 39.1 of the second transverse side 25.2 and recess 55 in the inner wall 48 and thus symmetrical is charged.
  • the transverse sides 25.1 and 25.2 which extend in the direction of the rear side 23 each have strip sections 39.3 and 39.4, with bevels 54 inclined towards the outer circumference or inner circumference in the direction of the rear side 23.
  • the clamping ring 41.7 which is complementary in the contact region to the segment 21, it additionally becomes to the directed against the bottom 46 clamping force generates a radially outward component.
  • For a symmetrical loading of the clamping ring 41.7 provide an axisymmetric configuration of the clamping ring 41.7 in cross section and a complementary shape of the wall 48th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

The feedstock comminuting device comprises stator tools, which are formed by segments (21), formed a comminuting surface rest on a stator with their rear side and lie with their long sides against one another. Segments are attachable to the stator with their first short side and second short side by a positive fit. The stator has a clamping element that works together with the first short side and the second short side to clamp the segments against the stator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Aufgabegut gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for comminuting feed material according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Derartige Vorrichtungen sind dem Gebiet der mechanischen Verfahrenstechnik zuzuordnen, insbesondere der Umwandlung eines Ausgangsstoffes in ein Endprodukt vorbestimmter Form und Größe im Wege der Zerkleinerung. Zu solchen Vorrichtungen zählen unter anderem Scheibenmühlen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE 202 16 056 U1 bekannt sind. Derartige Scheibenmühlen besitzen einen Rotor, der innerhalb eines Gehäuses mit einem Stator zusammenwirkt. Der Rotor besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Trägerscheibe, die über ihren äußeren Umfangsbereich mit in der Scheibenebene liegenden Mahlwerkzeugen bestückt ist. Den Mahlwerkzeugen liegen in axialem Abstand unter Einhaltung eines Mahlspalts stationäre Statorwerkzeuge gegenüber, die an der Gehäuseinnenwand konzentrisch um die Rotationsachse herum angeordnet sind.Such devices are assigned to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular the conversion of a starting material into a final product of predetermined shape and size by means of comminution. Such devices include disc mills, such as those from the DE 202 16 056 U1 are known. Such disc mills have a rotor which cooperates within a housing with a stator. The rotor consists essentially of a carrier disk, which is equipped over its outer peripheral portion with lying in the disk plane grinding tools. The grinding tools are in axial distance while maintaining a Mahlspalts stationary stator opposite, which are arranged on the housing inner wall concentrically around the axis of rotation around.

Sowohl Rotor- als auch Statorwerkzeuge können von Segmenten gebildet sein und sind an der Trägerscheibe bzw. der Gehäusewand angeschraubt. Diese sehr zeitintensive Arbeit vergrößert nicht nur den Montageaufwand beim verschleißbedingten Werkzeugwechsel, sondern erhöht zugleich den Anteil der Stillstandszeiten der Scheibenmühle, was einer effizienten Nutzung entgegensteht. Aus diesem Grund kommen bei Scheibenmühlen auch schon Rotor- und Statorwerkzeuge zum Einsatz, die aus einem kompletten Ring bestehen, der als Ganzes getauscht werden kann. Damit verkürzen sich zwar die Werkzeugwechselzeiten, das Profil der Mahlwerkzeuge ist jedoch herstellungstechnisch auf eine im Wesentlichen radiale Riffelung beschränkt.Both rotor and stator tools can be formed by segments and are screwed to the carrier disk or the housing wall. This very time-consuming work not only increases the assembly costs for wear-related tool change, but also increases the proportion of downtime of the disc mill, which precludes efficient use. For this reason, disk mills already use rotor and stator tools, which consist of a complete ring that can be exchanged as a whole. Although the tool change times are thereby shortened, the profile of the grinding tools is limited to a substantially radial corrugation in terms of production technology.

Zum Stand der Technik zählen darüber hinaus Mühlen, wie sie beispielsweise in der EP 2 070 596 A1 beschrieben sind. Die dort offenbarte Mühle besitzt ein konusförmiges Gehäuse, dessen Innenumfang zur Bildung eines Stators mit einem hohlkegelstumpfförmigen Mahlbahneinsatz versehen ist. Innerhalb des Mahlbahneinsatzes ist koaxial ein Rotor angeordnet, dessen Rotorwerkzeuge von pendelnd aufgehängten, radial ausgerichteten Schlagplatten gebildet sind, die unter Einhaltung eines Mahlspalts am Innenumfang der Statorwerkzeuge entlang streichen. Der hohlkegelstumpfförmige Mahlbahneinsatz bildet die Statorwerkzeuge und wird als Ganzes in das Gehäuse eingesetzt, wobei ein Spannring an der durchmessergrößeren Stirnseite des Gehäuses die Sicherung gegen axiale Lageänderungen des Mahlbahneinsatzes gewährleistet. Wie schon bei den eingangs erwähnten einstückigen Werkzeugringen bei Scheibenmühlen, so ist aufgrund der monolithischen Ausbildung des Mahlbahneinsatzes auch hier nur eine im Wesentlichen koaxiale Riffelung am Innenumfang des Mahlbahneinsatzes möglich. Variationen in der Geometrie der Riffelung, um die für die Zerkleinerung wirksame Oberfläche der Statorwerkzeuge an bestimmtes Aufgabegut bzw. zur Erzielung eines bestimmten Bearbeitungsergebnisses anzupassen, sind nicht möglich.The state of the art also includes mills, such as those in the EP 2 070 596 A1 are described. The mill disclosed therein has a cone-shaped housing, the inner periphery of which is provided with a hollow truncated cone-shaped Mahlbahneinsatz to form a stator. Within the Mahlbahneinsatzes coaxial with a rotor is arranged, whose rotor tools are formed by pendulum-mounted, radially aligned impact plates that stroke while maintaining a Mahlspalts on the inner circumference of the stator along. The hollow truncated cone-shaped Mahlbahneinsatz forms the stator and is used as a whole in the housing, with a clamping ring on the larger diameter end face of the housing securing against axial changes in position of the grinding track insert guaranteed. As with the aforementioned one-piece tool rings in disc mills, so here only a substantially coaxial corrugation on the inner circumference of the grinding track insert is possible due to the monolithic design of the Mahlbahneinsatzes here. Variations in the geometry of the corrugation in order to adapt the surface of the stator tools effective for the comminution to a specific feed material or to achieve a specific processing result are not possible.

Vor diesem Hintergrund besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, bekannte Vorrichtungen im Hinblick auf möglichst kurze Stillstandszeiten beim Werkzeugwechsel und größtmögliche Flexibilität bei der Anpassung der Statorwerkzeuge an das Aufgabegut und die Eigenschaften des Endprodukts weiter zu entwickeln.Against this background, the object of the invention is to further develop known devices with regard to the shortest possible downtimes during the tool change and the greatest possible flexibility in the adaptation of the stator tools to the feed material and the properties of the end product.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device having the features of patent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

Dank der Erfindung gelingt es, die sich im Stand der Technik bisher gegenseitig ausschließenden Forderungen nach einem möglichst schnellen Wechsel der Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge einerseits und einer größtmöglichen Freiheit bei der Auswahl der Art der Riffelung der Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge andererseits innerhalb einer Vorrichtung gleichzeitig zu befriedigen.Thanks to the invention, it is possible at the same time to satisfy the mutually exclusive requirements in the prior art for the fastest possible change of the comminution tools on the one hand and the greatest possible freedom in the selection of the type of corrugation of the comminution tools within a device.

Durch segmentartige Ausbildung der Statorwerkzeuge ist es möglich, dass zwei aufeinanderfolgende Segmente eine unterschiedliche Riffelung aufweisen, wodurch sowohl die Intensität der Zerkleinerung als auch die Aufenthaltsdauer des Aufgabeguts im Bereich der Zerkleinerung gesteuert werden kann. Gleichzeitig werden die Segmente zur Montage lediglich in den Stator gelegt und dann mit einem Spannelement in ihrer Lage fixiert. Auf diese Weise lassen sich extrem kurze werkzeugwechselbedingte Stillstandszeiten erreichen. Die Erfindung ermöglicht also einen wirtschaftlicheren Betrieb erfindungsgemäßer Vorrichtung durch einen vereinfachten Werkzeugwechsel bei gleichzeitiger qualitativer Verbesserung des Bearbeitungsergebnisses infolge der Möglichkeit, die Statorwerkzeuge an die jeweiligen Rahmenbedingungen besser anpassen zu können.By segment-like design of the stator, it is possible that two successive segments have a different corrugation, whereby both the intensity of the crushing and the residence time of the feed material in the crushing can be controlled. At the same time the segments are placed for mounting only in the stator and then fixed with a clamping element in position. In this way, extremely short tool change-related downtimes can be achieved. Thus, the invention enables a more economical operation of the device according to the invention by a simplified tool change with simultaneous qualitative improvement of the processing result due to the ability to better adapt the stator to the respective conditions.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, wobei weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sowie zusätzliche Vorteile offenbar werden. Soweit zweckmäßig finden für gleiche oder gleichwirkende Merkmale unterschiedlicher Ausführungsformen gleichlautende Bezugszeichen Verwendung.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, wherein further features of the invention and additional advantages will become apparent. Where appropriate find the same or similar features of different embodiments identical reference numerals use.

Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung entlang der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Linie I - I,
Fig. 2
einen Horizontalschnitt durch die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung entlang der dortigen Linie II - II,
Fig. 3
ein Detail der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Vorrichtung in den mit III gekennzeichneten Bereichen, die
Fig. 4 bis 6
alternative Ausführungsformen zu der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Lösung und die
Fig. 7 bis 13
entsprechende Detaillösungen in Verbindung mit erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen in Form von Scheibenmühlen.
It shows
Fig. 1
a vertical section through a device according to the invention along the in Fig. 2 illustrated line I - I,
Fig. 2
a horizontal section through the in Fig. 1 shown device along the local line II - II,
Fig. 3
a detail of in Fig. 1 illustrated device in the areas marked with III, the
4 to 6
alternative embodiments to those in Fig. 3 shown solution and the
Fig. 7 to 13
corresponding detail solutions in connection with devices according to the invention in the form of disc mills.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 geben einen Vertikal- und Horizontalschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Form einer Mühle 1 wieder. Man sieht einen rahmenartigen, aus Stahlprofilen zusammengesetzten Unterbau 2, der mit seiner Oberseite eine horizontale Plattform 3 mit zentraler Öffnung 4 ausbildet. Der Unterbau 1 trägt die erfindungsgemäße Mühle 1, deren Rotationsachse 5 senkrecht zur Plattform 3 ausgerichtet ist und sich durch die zentrale Öffnung 4 erstreckt.The Fig. 1 and 2 give a vertical and horizontal section through a device according to the invention in the form of a mill 1 again. One sees a frame-like, made of steel profiles substructure 2, which forms with its top a horizontal platform 3 with a central opening 4. The substructure 1 carries the mill 1 according to the invention, whose axis of rotation 5 is oriented perpendicular to the platform 3 and extends through the central opening 4.

Die Mühle 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 6 mit einem Unterteil 7, das von einer zylindrischen Wanne gebildet ist. Der Boden 8 der Wanne weist eine kreisförmige, zur Rotationsachse 5 konzentrische Öffnung 9 auf. Nach oben ist das Unterteil 7 offen, wobei der Rand von einem umlaufenden Ringflansch 10 gebildet ist. Der Ringflansch 10 dient zur Auflage und Befestigung eines konzentrischen Lagerrings 11, der im Querschnitt winkelförmig ausgebildet und dessen horizontaler Schenkel mit dem Ringflansch 10 verbunden ist.The mill 1 comprises a housing 6 with a lower part 7, which is formed by a cylindrical trough. The bottom 8 of the tub has a circular, concentric with the axis of rotation 5 opening 9. Upwards, the lower part 7 is open, wherein the edge is formed by a circumferential annular flange 10. The annular flange 10 serves as a support and Attachment of a concentric bearing ring 11, which is formed angularly in cross-section and the horizontal leg is connected to the annular flange 10.

Nach oben setzt sich das Gehäuse 6 in einem glockenartigen, hohlkegelstumpfförmigen Oberteil 12 fort, dessen durchmessergrößere Unterseite offen und dem Unterteil 7 zugeordnet ist und dessen durchmesserkleinere Oberseite eine Öffnung 14 aufweist, die von einem umlaufenden, radial nach innen weisenden Bund 13 begrenzt ist. Ein abnehmbarer Deckel 15 ist mit dem Bund 13 lösbar verschraubt und besitzt eine konzentrische Beschicköffnung 16, an die ein Zufuhrstutzen 17 anschließt. Der Pfeil 18 verkörpert das Aufgabegut, das der Mühle 1 durch den Zuführstutzen 17 axial aufgegeben wird.Upwards, the housing 6 continues in a bell-shaped, hollow truncated cone-shaped upper part 12, the larger diameter underside of which is open and assigned to the lower part 7 and whose smaller diameter upper side has an opening 14 which is bounded by a circumferential, radially inwardly pointing collar 13. A removable lid 15 is detachably screwed to the collar 13 and has a concentric feed opening 16, to which a supply nozzle 17 connects. The arrow 18 embodies the feed material which is fed axially to the mill 1 through the feed pipe 17.

Die durchmessergrößere Unterseite des Oberteils 12 weist einen am Außenumfang umlaufenden Ringflansch 19 auf, der sich über Einstellschrauben 20 auf dem vertikalen Schenkel des Lagerrings 11 abstützt. In dem Gehäuseabschnitt zwischen dem Ringflansch 19 und der durchmessergrößeren Stirnseite des Oberteils 12 ist der Gehäuseaußenmantel zylindrisch ausgebildet, um passgenau und axial verschieblich innerhalb des Lagerrings 11 geführt zu sein. Über die Einstellschrauben 20 kann der Abstand zwischen Unterteil 7 und Oberteil 12 eingestellt werden.The larger diameter underside of the upper part 12 has a circumferential on the outer circumference annular flange 19, which is supported by adjusting screws 20 on the vertical leg of the bearing ring 11. In the housing portion between the annular flange 19 and the larger diameter end face of the upper part 12 of the outer housing shell is cylindrical in order to be accurately guided and axially displaceable within the bearing ring 11. About the adjusting screws 20, the distance between the lower part 7 and upper part 12 can be adjusted.

Das Gehäuseoberteil 12 bildet mit seinem Innenumfang den Stator, entlang dem fünfzehn, die Zerkleinerungsbahn bildende Segmente 21 angeordnet sind. Die Längsseiten 22 der Segmente 21 sind zu diesem Zweck so ausgebildet, dass sie jeweils in Axialebenen bezüglich der Rotationsachse 5 verlaufen. Die in Umfangsrichtung stumpf gestoßenen Segmente 21 bilden auf diese Weise die Statorwerkzeuge des Rotor-Stator-Systems. Zur Sicherung der relativen Lage der Segmente 21 zueinander ist es auch möglich die einander zugeordneten Längsseiten 22 zweier benachbarter Segmente 21 mit Formschlusselementen zu versehen, beispielsweise in Form von Nut und Feder, was jedoch nicht zeichnerisch dargestellt ist.The housing upper part 12 forms with its inner circumference the stator, along which fifteen, the crushing path-forming segments 21 are arranged. The longitudinal sides 22 of the segments 21 are designed for this purpose so that they each extend in axial planes with respect to the axis of rotation 5. The circumferentially butted segments 21 form in this way the stator of the rotor-stator system. To secure the relative position of the segments 21 to each other, it is also possible to provide the mutually associated longitudinal sides 22 of two adjacent segments 21 with positive locking elements, for example in the form of tongue and groove, which is not shown in the drawing.

Der Querschnitt der Segmente 21 geht vor allem aus Fig. 2 hervor. Demnach weisen die Segmente 21 eine plane Rückenseite 23 auf und liegen lediglich mit ihren von Rückseite 23 und Längsseiten 22 gebildeten Längskanten jeweils linienförmig an dem konisch verlaufenden Innenmantel des Oberteils 12 an, wodurch sich ein polygonartiger Verlauf der Rückseite der Zerkleinerungsbahn ergibt. Die linienförmige Lagerung entlang der Längskanten erleichtert zudem die Montage gegenüber flächiger Lagerung, da herstellungsbedingte Ungenauigkeiten innerhalb der Lagerfläche ein sattes Aufliegen der Segmente 21 behindern würden. Da die Innenseite des Gehäuseoberteils 12 eine konstante Krümmung aufweist, bilden sich zwischen dem Gehäuseoberteil 12 und den Rückseiten 23 der Segmente 21 Hohlräume 58 mit kreissegmentförmigen Querschnitt, die beispielsweise zur Durchleitung eines Kühlmediums dienen können. Die Vorderseite 24 der Segmente 21 besitzt eine kreisbogenförmige Krümmung und ist mit einer Riffelung ausgestattet.The cross section of the segments 21 is above all Fig. 2 out. Accordingly, the segments 21 have a plane rear side 23 and lie only with their longitudinal sides formed by the rear side 23 and longitudinal sides 22 in each case linearly on the conical inner jacket of the upper part 12, resulting in a polygonal-like course of the back of the crushing path. The linear bearing along the longitudinal edges also facilitates mounting against flat storage, since production-related inaccuracies within the storage area would hinder a rich resting of the segments 21. Since the inside of the upper housing part 12 has a constant curvature, formed between the upper housing part 12 and the rear sides 23 of the segments 21 cavities 58 with a circular segment-shaped cross section, which can serve for example for the passage of a cooling medium. The front side 24 of the segments 21 has a circular arc-shaped curvature and is equipped with a corrugation.

Die Größe der zwischen den Segmenten 21 und der Innenseite des Gehäuseoberteils 12 sich ergebenden Hohlräume 58 hängt unter anderem von der Anzahl an Segmenten 21 ab. Die Erfindung bevorzugt eine Anzahl an Segmenten zwischen 12 und 20, vorzugsweise zwischen 15 und 18. Ein Segment 21 erstreckt sich also über ein 1/12 bis 1/20, vorzugsweise über ein 1/15 bis 1/18 des Innenumfangs des Stators.The size of the resulting between the segments 21 and the inside of the housing upper part 12 cavities 58 depends inter alia on the number of segments 21. The invention thus prefers a number of segments between 12 and 20, preferably between 15 and 18. A segment 21 thus extends over a 1/12 to 1/20, preferably over 1/15 to 1/18 of the inner circumference of the stator.

Die besondere Ausbildung der beiden Querseiten 25 der Segmente 21 wird später unter den Fig. 3 bis 6 näher beschrieben.The special design of the two transverse sides 25 of the segments 21 will later under the Fig. 3 to 6 described in more detail.

Innerhalb des Gehäuses 6 sieht man einen um die Rotationsachse 5 drehenden Rotor 26. Der Rotor 26 umfasst eine Welle 27, die innerhalb einer zylindrischen Wellenlagerung 28 in Lagergruppen 29 koaxial zur Rotationsachse 5 gehalten ist. Dabei ist die Wellenlagerung 28 über einen Teil ihrer Länge in die Öffnung 9 im Boden 8 des Unterteils 7 eingesetzt, wobei ein die Wellenlagerung 28 außen umlaufender Ringflansch 30 zur positionsgenauen Befestigung des Rotors 26 relativ zum Gehäuse 6 dient. Auf dem außerhalb des Gehäuses 6 liegenden Ende der Welle 27 sitzt eine Mehrrillenscheibe 31, die mit einem nicht weiter dargestellten Antrieb gekoppelt ist.Inside the housing 6, one sees a rotor 26 rotating about the rotation axis 5. The rotor 26 comprises a shaft 27, which is held coaxially with the rotation axis 5 within a cylindrical shaft bearing 28 in bearing groups 29. Here, the shaft bearing 28 is inserted over part of its length in the opening 9 in the bottom 8 of the lower part 7, wherein the shaft bearing 28 outer circumferential annular flange 30 for positionally accurate attachment of the rotor 26 relative to the housing 6 is used. On the outside of the housing 6 lying end of the shaft 27 is seated a multi-pulley 31 which is coupled to a drive not shown.

Am gegenüberliegenden Ende der Antriebswelle 27 ist stirnseitig eine Prallscheibe 32 konzentrisch zur Rotationsachse 5 befestigt. Die an deren der Beschicköffnung 16 zugewandten Oberseite im Umfangsbereich angeordneten Schlagklötze 33 bilden eine erste Zerkleinerungsstufe für das über den Zufuhrstutzen 17 in die Mühle 1 gelangende Aufgabegut.At the opposite end of the drive shaft 27, a baffle plate 32 is fixed concentrically to the rotation axis 5 frontally. The top of the feed opening 16 facing upper side arranged in the peripheral region Schlagklötze 33 form a first crushing stage for the reaching over the supply nozzle 17 into the mill 1 feed.

In axialem Abstand zur Prallscheibe 32 befindet sich eine ebenfalls konzentrisch auf der Welle 27 sitzende erste Trägerscheibe 34, an deren Umfang paarweise Rotorwerkzeuge in Form von Schlagplatten 35 angeordnet sind. Dabei verlaufen die wirksamen Kanten der Schlagplatten 35 unter Einhaltung eines radialen Arbeitsspalts parallel zu Mantellinien der Statorfläche. Planparallel und in axialem Abstand ist auf der Antriebswelle 27 in Richtung des Unterteils 7 eine erste Stauscheibe 36 konzentrisch angeordnet. Die erste Stauscheibe 36 dient der Steuerung der Aufenthaltszeit und des Materialstroms durch die erfindungsgemäße Mühle 1.At an axial distance to the baffle plate 32 is also a concentric sitting on the shaft 27 first carrier disk 34, on the circumference of pairs rotor tools in the form of impact plates 35 are arranged. In this case, the effective edges of the impact plates 35 run while maintaining a radial working gap parallel to generatrices of the Stator. Plan parallel and at an axial distance is arranged concentrically on the drive shaft 27 in the direction of the lower part 7 a first baffle plate 36. The first baffle plate 36 serves to control the residence time and the material flow through the mill 1 according to the invention.

Eine weitere Zerkleinerungsstufe wird von einer auf der Welle 27 konzentrisch befestigten zweiten Trägerscheibe 37 gebildet, die wie die erste Trägerscheibe 34 an ihrem Umfang mit Schlagplatten 35 bestückt ist. In Durchströmrichtung durch die Mühle 1 folgt schließlich eine zweite, konzentrisch auf der Welle 27 sitzende Stauscheibe 38.A further comminution stage is formed by a second carrier disk 37, which is fastened concentrically on the shaft 27 and, like the first carrier disk 34, is equipped with impact plates 35 on its circumference. In the direction of flow through the mill 1 finally follows a second, concentric on the shaft 27 seated baffle plate 38th

Aus Fig. 3 geht die Befestigung der Segmente 21 am Oberteil 12 des Gehäuses 6 im Detail hervor. Dabei zeigt Fig. 3 einen Schnitt, wie er in Fig. 2 mit III - III angegeben ist und somit in die Stoßfuge zweier benachbarter Segmente 21 fällt.Out Fig. 3 the attachment of the segments 21 on the upper part 12 of the housing 6 is shown in detail. It shows Fig. 3 a cut, as in Fig. 2 is indicated with III - III and thus falls into the butt joint of two adjacent segments 21.

Jedes Segment 21 weist zu seiner Befestigung am Oberteil 12 entlang der beiden Querseiten 25.1 und 25.2 jeweils einen kreisbogenförmigen Leistenabschnitt 39.1 und 39.2 auf. In eingebautem Zustand ergeben die Leistenabschnitte 39.1 und 39.2 aller Segmente 21 eine Ringleiste, die konzentrisch um die Rotationsachse 5 verläuft.Each segment 21 has its attachment to the upper part 12 along the two transverse sides 25.1 and 25.2 each have a circular arc-shaped strip portion 39.1 and 39.2. In the installed state, the strip sections 39.1 and 39.2 of all segments 21 form a ring strip which runs concentrically around the axis of rotation 5.

Zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme der Leistenabschnitte 39.1 an der ersten Querseite 25.1 ist in das Gehäuseoberteil 12 an der Innenseite des Bundes 13 eine ebenfalls konzentrisch die Rotationsachse 5 umlaufende Ringnut 40 angeordnet. Diese ermöglicht bei zur Montage gewendetem Oberteil 12 das Einlegen der Segmente 21 mit ihren Leistenabschnitten 39.1 in die Ringnut 40. Dabei gelangen die Segmente 21 lediglich mit den von den Längsseiten 22 und der Rückseite 23 gebildeten Längskanten an der Innenseite des Oberteils 12 an.For positive reception of the strip portions 39.1 on the first transverse side 25.1 is in the upper housing part 12 on the inside of the collar 13 a likewise concentric with the axis of rotation 5 circumferential annular groove 40 is arranged. This allows when turning the upper part 12 for insertion of the segments 21 with their strip portions 39.1 in the annular groove 40. The segments 21 arrive only with the longitudinal edges formed by the longitudinal sides 22 and the back 23 on the inside of the upper part 12.

Zur Befestigung der Segmente 21 im Bereich der durchmessergrößeren Unterseite des Oberteils 12 ist dort ein ebenfalls konzentrische verlaufender Spannring 41 vorgesehen, der mittels Schrauben 42 gegen die Stirnseite des Oberteils 12 gespannt werden kann. Der Spannring 41 erstreckt sich mit seinem Innenumfang radial nach innen über die Öffnung an der Unterseite des Oberteils 12 und weist einen aus der Ringebene axial hervortretenden Ringansatz 43 auf, der beim Aufsetzen des Spannrings 41 auf das bereits mit Segmenten 21 bestückte Oberteil 12 die Leistenabschnitte 39 an der zweiten Querseite 25.2 der Segmente 21 hintergreift und damit deren positionsgenaue Lage gewährleistet.For attachment of the segments 21 in the region of the larger diameter underside of the upper part 12 there is also a concentric extending clamping ring 41 is provided which can be clamped by means of screws 42 against the end face of the upper part 12. The clamping ring 41 extends with its inner circumference radially inwardly over the opening on the underside of the upper part 12 and has an annular projection 43 projecting axially out of the ring plane, which when placing the clamping ring 41 onto the upper part 12 already fitted with segments 21, the strip sections 39 engages behind the second transverse side 25.2 of the segments 21 and thus ensures their positionally accurate position.

Gegenüber der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform stellt die in Fig. 4 dargestellte eine im Hinblick auf die Herstellung der Vorrichtung vereinfachte Lösung dar. Dabei wird der Formschluss im Bereich der ersten Querseite 25.1 nicht über eine Nut und Feder Konstruktion erzeugt. Statt dessen sind die erste Querseite 25.1 und das Gehäuseoberteil 12 in der gemeinsamen Kontaktfläche plan ausgebildet und liegen in einer Radialebene bezüglich der Rotationsachse 5. Im Bereich des Spannrings 41 gleichen sich die beiden Ausführungsformen gemäß Fig. 3 und 4, so dass das dort Gesagte gilt.Opposite the in Fig. 3 The embodiment shown in FIG Fig. 4 represented a simplified in terms of the preparation of the device solution. The positive connection in the region of the first transverse side 25.1 is not generated via a tongue and groove construction. Instead, the first transverse side 25.1 and the upper housing part 12 in the common contact surface are flat and lie in a radial plane with respect to the axis of rotation 5. In the region of the clamping ring 41, the two embodiments are the same 3 and 4 , so that what is said there applies.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 5 entspricht die Verankerung der ersten Querseite 25.1 im Gehäuseoberteil 12 der unter Fig. 3 beschriebenen. Hingegen weist die zweite Querseite 25.2 eine in einer Radialebene verlaufende plane Fläche auf, auf die ein entsprechend plan ausgebildeter Spannring 41.1 einwirkt.In the embodiment according to Fig. 5 corresponds to the anchoring of the first transverse side 25.1 in the upper housing part 12 of the below Fig. 3 described. By contrast, the second transverse side 25.2 has a plane surface extending in a radial plane, on which a correspondingly designed clamping ring 41.1 acts.

Den weitestgehenden Grad der Vereinfachung zeigt die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 6. Dort sind sowohl die erste Oberseite 25.1 als auch zweite Oberseite 25.2 der Segmente 21 plan ausgebildet und werden in axialer Richtung von entsprechenden planen Lagerflächen im Gehäuseoberteil 12 bzw. am Spannring 41.1 gehalten. Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 6 stellt gewissermaßen eine Kombination der in den Fig. 4 und 5 gezeigten Ausführungsformen dar. Eine Lagesicherung der Segmente 21 in radialer Richtung ergibt sich aus der kranzförmigen Anordnung der Segmente 21 um die Rotationsachse 5, wobei sich die Segmente 21 über ihre Längsseiten 22 gegenseitig abstützen und Bewegungen radial nach innen durch die Gewölbeausbildung verhindert werden.The greatest degree of simplification is shown by the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 6 , There, both the first upper side 25.1 and the second upper side 25.2 of the segments 21 are flat and are held in the axial direction by corresponding planar bearing surfaces in the upper housing part 12 and on the clamping ring 41.1. The embodiment according to Fig. 6 is sort of a combination of in the 4 and 5 A position assurance of the segments 21 in the radial direction results from the annular arrangement of the segments 21 about the axis of rotation 5, wherein the segments 21 support each other over their longitudinal sides 22 and movements are prevented radially inwardly by the vault formation.

Die Fig. 7 bis 13 betreffen Ausführungsformen unterschiedlicher Anordnungen der Segmente 21 an feststehenden oder auch rotierenden Tragelementen, wobei die Befestigungsebenen jeweils in einer Radialebene bezüglich der Rotationsachse 5 liegen. Derartige Lösungen eignen sich zur Umsetzung der Erfindung bei Scheibenmühlen, beispielsweise entsprechend der in der Beschreibungseinleitung erwähnten DE 202 16 056 U1 .The Fig. 7 to 13 relate to embodiments of different arrangements of the segments 21 on fixed or rotating support elements, wherein the mounting planes each lie in a radial plane with respect to the axis of rotation 5. Such solutions are suitable for implementing the invention in disk mills, for example, according to the mentioned in the introduction DE 202 16 056 U1 ,

In Fig. 7 ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 44 ein Tragelement bezeichnet, beispielsweise eine starre oder rotierende Trägerscheibe oder eine starre Gehäusewand. Auf der dem Mahlspalt zugewandten Seite des Tragelements 44 sieht man die kreisförmig um die Rotationsachse 5 angeordneten Zerkleinerungswerkzeuge in Form von Segmenten 21. Zur Befestigung der Segmente 21 ist in der Oberfläche des Tragelements 44 eine im Querschnitt rechteckförmige, konzentrisch die Rotationsachse 5 umlaufende Ausnehmung 45 angeordnet, die von einem Boden 46, einer äußeren Wand 47 und einer inneren Wand 48 gebildet ist.In Fig. 7 is denoted by the reference numeral 44, a support member, such as a rigid or rotating carrier disk or a rigid housing wall. On the side of the support element 44 facing the refining gap, the comminution tools in the form of segments 21 arranged in a circle about the axis of rotation 5 can be seen. In order to fasten the segments 21, a recess 45 which is rectangular in cross-section and runs concentrically around the axis of rotation 5 is arranged in the surface of the support element 44. The recess 45 is formed by a bottom 46, an outer wall 47 and an inner wall 48.

Die Ausnehmung 45 dient zur Aufnahme der Segmente 21, die mit ihrer Rückseite 23 vollflächig am Boden 46 und mit ihrer ersten Querseite 25.1 vollflächig an der äußeren Wand 47 anliegen. Die radiale Größe der Ausnehmung 45 ist so gewählt, dass sich zwischen der inneren Wand 48 und den Segmenten 21 ein Ringraum ergibt, der zur Aufnahme eines Spannrings 41.3 dient. Dabei stützt sich der Spannring 41.3 mit seinem inneren Umfang an der inneren Wand 48 ab, während der äußere Umfang zur Bildung einer schrägen Umfangsfläche in Richtung zu der dem Boden 46 zugewandten Seite abnimmt. Über diese schräge Fläche wirkt der Spannring 41 mit den Segmenten 21 zusammen, deren zweite Querseite 25.2 sich unter Bildung einer entsprechend geneigten Fläche zur Rückseite 23 hin linear erweitert. Auf diese Weise wird mit dem Anziehen der Schrauben 42 über den Spannring 41.3 eine radial nach außen gegen die äußere Wand 47 und axial gegen den Boden 46 wirkende Spannkraft auf die Segmente 21 übertragen.The recess 45 serves to receive the segments 21 which abut with their rear side 23 over the entire surface of the bottom 46 and with its first transverse side 25.1 over the entire surface of the outer wall 47. The radial size of the recess 45 is chosen so that there is an annular space between the inner wall 48 and the segments 21, which serves to receive a clamping ring 41.3. In this case, the clamping ring is supported 41.3 with its inner circumference on the inner wall 48, while the outer periphery decreases to form an oblique peripheral surface in the direction of the bottom 46 side facing. About this inclined surface of the clamping ring 41 cooperates with the segments 21, the second transverse side 25.2 extends linearly to form a correspondingly inclined surface to the rear side 23. In this way, with the tightening of the screws 42 via the clamping ring 41.3 a radially outwardly against the outer wall 47 and axially against the bottom 46 acting on the clamping force transmitted to the segments 21.

Fig. 8 unterscheidet sich von dieser Ausführungsform lediglich dadurch, dass die äußere Wand 47 zum Boden 46 hin hinterschnitten ist. Die dazu komplementär geformte erste Querseite 25 des Segments 21 hintergreift die hinterschnittene Wand 47 und ist auf diese Weise zusätzlich gegen axiales Abheben gesichert. Fig. 8 differs from this embodiment only in that the outer wall 47 is undercut towards the bottom 46. The complementarily shaped first transverse side 25 of the segment 21 engages behind the undercut wall 47 and is additionally secured in this way against axial lifting.

Die in Fig. 9 dargestellte Ausführungsform der Erfindung unterscheidet sich von den beiden zuvor beschriebenen dadurch, dass das Tragelement 44 keine kanalartige Ausnehmung 45 besitzt, sondern eine im Wesentlichen plane Oberfläche, die lediglich am äußeren Umfangsrand eine aus der Ebene hervorstehende Ringwand 50 aufweist, deren radial nach innen weisende Seite 49 hinterschnitten ist, so dass diese Bereiche dem entsprechenden äußeren Umfangsbereich der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Ausführungsform entsprechen.In the Fig. 9 illustrated embodiment differs from the two previously described in that the support member 44 has no channel-like recess 45, but a substantially planar surface having only on the outer peripheral edge of an outwardly projecting ring wall 50, the radially inwardly facing side 49 is undercut, so that these areas correspond to the corresponding outer peripheral area of the Fig. 8 illustrated embodiment correspond.

Der Spannring 41.4 weist einen Außenumfang entsprechend dem in Fig. 8 beschriebenen auf, wirkt also mit der schräg verlaufenden zweiten Querseite 25.2 wie in der Fig. 8 beschrieben zusammen. Hingegen ist der Innenumfang des Spannrings 41.4 in Richtung zum Tragelement 44 hin unter Bildung einer Schräge 57 stark erweitert, um eine möglichst große Abstützfläche 56 des Spannrings 41 an der planen Oberseite des Tragelements 44 zu erhalten.The clamping ring 41.4 has an outer circumference corresponding to the in Fig. 8 So described acts with the inclined second transverse side 25.2 as in the Fig. 8 described together. By contrast, the inner circumference of the clamping ring 41.4 in the direction of the support member 44 toward greatly expanded to form a slope 57 to a To obtain the largest possible support surface 56 of the clamping ring 41 on the flat top of the support member 44.

Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 10 entspricht in weiten Teilen der unter Fig. 7 beschriebenen. Unterschiede bestehen im Bereich der zweiten Querseite 25.2 der Segmente 21, die sich zur Rückseite 23 der Segmente 21 unter Bildung eines rechteckförmigen Leistenabschnitts 39.1 stufenartig weitet. Der Spannring 41 besitzt einen dazu komplementär geformten Außenumfang mit einem Ringflansch 51, der den Leistenabschnitt 39.1 axial gegen den Boden 46 spannt.The embodiment according to Fig. 10 corresponds in many parts of the under Fig. 7 described. Differences exist in the region of the second transverse side 25.2 of the segments 21, which widens stepwise to the rear side 23 of the segments 21 to form a rectangular strip section 39.1. The clamping ring 41 has a complementarily shaped outer periphery with an annular flange 51, which biases the strip portion 39.1 axially against the bottom 46.

Die Ausführungsform entsprechend Fig. 11 gleicht der unter Fig. 10 beschriebenen mit dem Unterschied, dass sich die Segmente 21 auch im Bereich der ersten Querseite 25.1 zur Rückseite 23 hin stufenförmig weiten und dabei einen Leistenabschnitt 39.2 ausbilden, der formschlüssig in eine entsprechende Nut 52 in der äußeren Wand 47 eingreift. Die Segmente 21 weisen somit einen achssymmetrischen Querschnitt auf.The embodiment accordingly Fig. 11 resembles the under Fig. 10 described with the difference that the segments 21 in the region of the first transverse side 25.1 to the rear side 23 towards stepwise wide and thereby form a strip portion 39.2, which engages positively in a corresponding groove 52 in the outer wall 47. The segments 21 thus have an axisymmetric cross section.

Hiervon unterscheidet sich die in Fig. 12 dargestellte Ausführungsform der Erfindung durch einen im Querschnitt achssymmetrischen Spannring 41.6. Der Spannring 41.6 weist wie in Fig. 11 beschrieben einen am Außenumfang umlaufenden Ringflansch 51 auf. Hinzu kommt ein zweiter Ringflansch 53, der in analoger Weise am Innenumfang des Spannrings 41.6 angeordnet ist. Die innere Wand 48 weist mit einer ringförmigen Ausnehmung 55 eine dazu komplementäre Geometrie auf, so dass beim Anziehen der Schrauben 42 der Spannring 41.6 sich sowohl an dem Leistenabschnitt 39.1 der zweiten Querseite 25.2 als auch an Ausnehmung 55 in der inneren Wand 48 abstützt und somit symmetrisch belastet ist.This differs from the in Fig. 12 illustrated embodiment of the invention by a cross-sectionally axisymmetric clamping ring 41.6. The clamping ring 41.6 has as in Fig. 11 described a circumferential on the outer circumference annular flange 51. In addition, there is a second annular flange 53, which is arranged in an analogous manner on the inner circumference of the clamping ring 41.6. The inner wall 48 has an annular recess 55 to a complementary geometry, so that when tightening the screws 42 of the clamping ring 41.6 is supported both on the strip portion 39.1 of the second transverse side 25.2 and recess 55 in the inner wall 48 and thus symmetrical is charged.

Eine Variante hiervon ist Gegenstand der in Fig. 13 offenbarten Ausführungsform. Hier weisen die sich in Richtung der Rückseite 23 weitenden Querseiten 25.1 und 25.2 jeweils Leistenabschnitte 39.3 und 39.4 auf, mit zum Außenumfang bzw. Innenumfang in Richtung zur Rückseite 23 geneigten Schrägen 54. Beim Spannen des im Kontaktbereich zum Segment 21 komplementär ausgebildeten Spannrings 41.7 wird zusätzlich zu der gegen den Boden 46 gerichteten Spannkraft eine radial nach außen gerichtete Komponente erzeugt. Für eine symmetrische Belastung des Spannrings 41.7 sorgen eine achssymmetrische Ausgestaltung des Spannrings 41.7 im Querschnitt sowie ein komplementäre Formgebung der Wand 48.A variant of this is the subject of in Fig. 13 disclosed embodiment. Here, the transverse sides 25.1 and 25.2 which extend in the direction of the rear side 23 each have strip sections 39.3 and 39.4, with bevels 54 inclined towards the outer circumference or inner circumference in the direction of the rear side 23. During clamping of the clamping ring 41.7, which is complementary in the contact region to the segment 21, it additionally becomes to the directed against the bottom 46 clamping force generates a radially outward component. For a symmetrical loading of the clamping ring 41.7 provide an axisymmetric configuration of the clamping ring 41.7 in cross section and a complementary shape of the wall 48th

Es versteht sich, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die einzelnen Merkmalskombinationen der jeweiligen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt ist. Vielmehr liegen auch solche Merkmalskombinationen im Rahmen der Erfindung, die sich aus einzelnen Merkmalen unterschiedlicher Ausführungsbeispiele zusammensetzen.It is understood that the invention is not limited to the individual feature combinations of the respective embodiments. Rather, such feature combinations are within the scope of the invention, which are composed of individual features of different embodiments.

Claims (12)

Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Aufgabegut mit einem innerhalb eines Gehäuses (6) um eine Achse (5) drehenden Rotor (26) mit im äußeren Umfangsbereich auf einem Umfangskreis liegenden Rotorwerkzeugen (35) und einem dem Rotor (26) zugeordneten Stator mit im äußeren Umfangsbereich konzentrische angeordneten, eine Zerkleinerungsbahn bildenden Statorwerkzeugen, wobei sich die Rotorwerkzeuge (35) und die Statorwerkzeuge unter Bildung eines Arbeitsspalts im Abstand gegenüberliegen und die Statorwerkzeuge von Segmenten (21) gebildet sind, die sich zur Bildung der Zerkleinerungsbahn mit ihrer Rückseite (23) am Stator abstützen und mit ihren Längsseiten (22) aneinander anliegen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Segmente (21) jeweils mit ihrer ersten Querseite (25.1) und zweiten Querseite (25.2) durch Formschluss am Stator befestigt sind, wobei der Stator ein Spannelement (41) aufweist, das mit der ersten Querseite (25.1) und/oder zweiten Querseite (25.2) zusammenwirkt, um die Segmente (21) gegen den Stator zu spannen.Apparatus for comminuting feed material with a rotor (26) rotating about an axis (5) within a housing (6) with rotor tools (35) located on a circumferential circle in the outer peripheral region and a stator associated with the rotor (26) and concentric in the outer peripheral region arranged, a crushing path forming stator tools, wherein the rotor tools (35) and the stator opposite to form a working gap in the distance and the stator tools of segments (21) are formed, which are supported to form the crushing path with its back (23) on the stator and with their longitudinal sides (22) abut each other, characterized in that the segments (21) each with its first transverse side (25.1) and second transverse side (25.2) are fixed by positive locking on the stator, wherein the stator has a clamping element (41) cooperates with the first transverse side (25.1) and / or the second transverse side (25.2) to form the segments (25). 21) against the stator. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die erste Querseite (25.1) und/oder zweite Querseite (25.2) eines Segments (21) von der Vorderseite (24) des Segments (21) zu dessen Rückseite (23) hin weitet.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transverse side (25.1) and / or second transverse side (25.2) of a segment (21) widens from the front side (24) of the segment (21) towards its rear side (23). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die erste Querseite (25.1) und/oder zweite Querseite (25.2) unter Bildung einer Leistenabschnitts (39) stufenförmig weitet.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the first transverse side (25.1) and / or second transverse side (25.2) widens step-shaped to form a strip portion (39). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die erste Querseite (25.1) und/oder zweite Querseite (25.2) unter Bildung einer schrägen Fläche (47) inear weitet.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the first transverse side (25.1) and / or second transverse side (25.2) expands to form an oblique surface (47) inear. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der beiden Querseiten (25.1, 25.2) eines Segments (21) von der Vorderseite (24) des Segments (21) zu dessen Rückseite (23) hin gleichbleibend ausgebildet ist und sich die andere Querseite (25.1, 25.2) weitet.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the two transverse sides (25.1, 25.2) of a segment (21) from the front side (24) of the segment (21) to the rear side (23) towards is formed consistently and is the other transverse side (25.1, 25.2) widens. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Querseite (25.1) und/oder zweite Querseite (25.2) und das jeweils zugeordnete Spannelement komplementär geformte Kontaktflächen aufweisen.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first transverse side (25.1) and / or second transverse side (25.2) and the respective associated clamping element have complementary shaped contact surfaces. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spannelement im Querschnitt symmetrisch ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the clamping element is formed symmetrically in cross section. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spannelement aus einem Spannring (41, 41.1, 41.2, 41.3, 41.4, 41.5, 41.6, 41.7) besteht.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the clamping element consists of a clamping ring (41, 41.1, 41.2, 41.3, 41.4, 41.5, 41.6, 41.7). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Rotor (26) und Stator als Scheibe (44) oder Ringscheibe ausgebildet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that rotor (26) and stator are formed as a disc (44) or annular disc. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Rotor (26) und Stator zylindrisch oder konisch ausgebildet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotor (26) and stator are cylindrical or conical. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Querseite (25.1) und zweite Querseite (25.2) eines Segments (21) gleichbleibend ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the first transverse side (25.1) and second transverse side (25.2) of a segment (21) is designed to be consistent. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Segmente (21) eine plane Rückseite (23) aufweisen und unter Bildung von Hohlräumen (58) entlang der von Rückseite (23) und Längsseiten (22) gebildeten Längskanten am Stator anliegen.Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the segments (21) have a planar rear side (23) and rest with the formation of cavities (58) along the rear side (23) and longitudinal sides (22) longitudinal edges formed on the stator.
EP11003437.8A 2010-04-27 2011-04-27 Device for grinding feedstock Active EP2383037B1 (en)

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DE202010006173U DE202010006173U1 (en) 2010-04-27 2010-04-27 Device for crushing feedstock

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DE20211899U1 (en) * 2002-08-01 2002-09-19 CEMAG Anlagenbau GmbH, 31789 Hameln Eddy current mill as well as rotor and grinding tool therefor
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US9403168B2 (en) 2016-08-02
US20110259986A1 (en) 2011-10-27
DE202010006173U1 (en) 2011-10-17
EP2383037B1 (en) 2019-06-05

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