EP2382186A1 - Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitrilesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2382186A1 EP2382186A1 EP10701130A EP10701130A EP2382186A1 EP 2382186 A1 EP2382186 A1 EP 2382186A1 EP 10701130 A EP10701130 A EP 10701130A EP 10701130 A EP10701130 A EP 10701130A EP 2382186 A1 EP2382186 A1 EP 2382186A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- compound
- formula
- equal
- radical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005669 hydrocyanation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 aliphatic radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KTOQRRDVVIDEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane Chemical compound [CH2]C(C)C KTOQRRDVVIDEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)CCC#N FPPLREPCQJZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)pent-4-en-2-one Chemical group CC(=C)CC(=O)Cc1c(C)cc(C)cc1C UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OEMXBBWUTAMFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Mo]C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound C[Mo]C1C=CC=C1 OEMXBBWUTAMFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ISBHMJZRKAFTGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-2-enenitrile Chemical class CCC=CC#N ISBHMJZRKAFTGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 13
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ORJCWNHUOREFAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,8-dimethylquinoxalino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(C=3C(=NC=C(C=3C)C)C=3C4=CC=CN=3)C4=NC2=C1 ORJCWNHUOREFAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102100036966 Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101710092625 Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KUCPTMZJPDVWJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trithiophen-2-ylphosphane Chemical compound C1=CSC(P(C=2SC=CC=2)C=2SC=CC=2)=C1 KUCPTMZJPDVWJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-pent-3-enenitrile Chemical compound C\C=C\CC#N UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFEYBLWMNFZOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylacetonitrile Natural products C=CCCC#N CFEYBLWMNFZOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CTNFGBKAHAEKFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)alumanyloxy-bis(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)O[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C CTNFGBKAHAEKFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(pinacolato)diboron Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Sn]Br ZSUXOVNWDZTCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N (1z,3z)-cycloocta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC\C=C/C=C\C1 RRKODOZNUZCUBN-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDNDJMCSXOXBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane Chemical compound O1CC(C)(C)COB1B1OCC(C)(C)CO1 MDNDJMCSXOXBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDCJAPJJFZWILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbutanedinitrile Chemical compound CCC(C#N)CC#N GDCJAPJJFZWILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SNQFEECGHGUHBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylboranyloxy(diphenyl)borane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)OB(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SNQFEECGHGUHBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NEXSMEBSBIABKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[Si](C)(C)C NEXSMEBSBIABKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- REDSKZBUUUQMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[Sn](CCCC)CCCC REDSKZBUUUQMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFUCAAMZMJICIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgermanium Chemical compound CC[Ge](CC)CC.CC[Ge](CC)CC IFUCAAMZMJICIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKQULDKQRNJABT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgermanium Chemical compound C[Ge](C)C.C[Ge](C)C CKQULDKQRNJABT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMHATUZXFSOVSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl(triphenylsilyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si]([Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMHATUZXFSOVSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQHWEIUKAAZLFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylgermanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Ge](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[Ge](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JQHWEIUKAAZLFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAPQJVJCJITJET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UAPQJVJCJITJET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEVFLQDDNUQKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 FEVFLQDDNUQKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds
- C07C253/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds to compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/02—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C255/04—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton containing two cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of compounds comprising at least one nitrile function by hydrocyanation of a compound comprising at least one non-conjugated unsaturation.
- Ni (O) nickel complex in the state of zero oxidation
- the company DU PONT DE NEMOURS has developed and exploited a process for the manufacture of adiponitrile by double hydrocyanation of butadiene.
- This reaction is generally catalyzed by a catalyst system comprising a Ni (O) complex with organophosphorus ligands.
- This system also comprises a cocatalyst, especially in the second hydrocyanation step, that is to say hydrocyanation of unsaturated compounds comprising a nitrile function such as pentenenitriles into dinitrile compounds.
- cocatalysts have been proposed in the patents and are generally compounds belonging to the family of Lewis acids.
- One of the roles of this cocatalyst or promoter is to limit the production of by-products and thus to promote the formation of linear dinitrile compounds with respect to the formation of branched dinitriles.
- metal halides such as zinc chloride, zinc bromide, stannous chloride, stannous bromide have already been proposed, for example, in US Patent 3,496,217.
- Zinc chloride is the preferred cocatalyst.
- cocatalysts have different properties and allow to obtain selectivities in linear dinithles such as adiponitrile different. Some of these cocatalysts have drawbacks related to the difficulty of extracting them from the reaction medium or the possibility and facility of extracting the catalytic system or the ligand of Ni (O) in the presence of this cocatalyst for recycling.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel catalyst system comprising a new combination of specific cocatalysts compatible and giving levels of adiponitrile selectivity and yield of dinithl suitable in the hydrocyanation reaction pentenithel.
- the invention provides a method of manufacturing compounds comprising at least one nitrile function by hydrocyanation of an organic compound comprising at least one non-conjugated unsaturation comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, by reaction with the hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a complex of nickel in the zero oxidation state with at least one organophosphorus ligand selected from the group comprising organophosphites, organophosphonites, organophosphinites and organosphosphines and a cocatalyst characterized in that the cocatalyst consists of a mixture of at least two Lewis acids, at least one of which is an organometallic compound corresponding to the following general formula I:
- M, M 1 which may be identical or different, represent an element chosen from the group comprising the following elements: B, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Mo, Ni, Fe, W, Cr, Zn, Al,
- R, R 1 which are identical or different, represent an aliphatic radical or a radical comprising a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or cycloaliphatic ring, which may or may not be bridged, or a halide radical,
- X representing an oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or silicon atom y, z, p are integers that are identical or non-equal to 0 or 1 n, nor are integers equal to the valence of the elements M, Mi minus 1 a, ai are integers, identical or different, equal to the valence of the element X minus 1 if y, z are equal to 1, or equal to 1 if y, z are equal to O.
- R, R1 identical or different, represent an aromatic radical, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, substituted or unsubstituted, which may or may not be bridged, or a halide radical.
- the bond between the elements M and M 1 is a single or multiple covalent bond depending on the nature of the elements M and Mi.
- a is equal to the valence of the element X minus 1 if y is 1 and a is equal to 1 if y is 0.
- ai is equal to valence of the element X minus 1 if z is equal to 1 and ai is equal to 1 if z is equal to 0.
- the organometallic compound of formula I is advantageously chosen from the group of the following compounds:
- the compound of formula (IV) is listed under the CAS No. 998-00-5 and named TIBAO in the following text,
- the compound of formula (X) is listed under the CAS No. 4426-21 -5.
- the Lewis acid which is present in combination with the compound of formula I may be chosen from the various and numerous Lewis acids already described and used in the catalytic systems of the hydrocyanation reaction, especially the hydrocyanation reaction of pentenenitriles.
- Such Lewis acids are described in the patents cited above to describe the state of the art.
- suitable Lewis acids for the catalyst system of the invention, there may be mentioned a large number of compounds comprising metal cations associated with a very large variety of anions.
- the cations can be zinc, cadmium, beryllium, aluminum, gallium, indium, lead, titanium, vanadium, niobium, scandium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, palladium, thorium, erbium, iron and cobalt.
- halides such as fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide
- anions of fatty organic acids comprising from 2 to 7 carbon atoms
- Lewis acids belonging to the family of organic compounds boron or tin such as boron triphenyl may also be used.
- the catalyst system of the invention contains a cocatalyst according to the invention in a molar ratio of cocatalyst relative to the number of nickel atoms between 0.01 and 50 and preferably between 0.1 and 10. This cocatalyst concentration corresponds to the total Lewis acid concentration.
- the compound of formula I represents at least 0.1 mole% of the Lewis acid mixture, advantageously at least 1%, preferably at least 5%, even more preferentially at least 10%.
- this second Lewis acid is advantageously present in the mixture at a molar ratio of at least 50%.
- the Lewis acid associated with the compound of formula I is advantageously chosen from the group of Lewis acids comprising a single acidic site and listed in patents US 3,496,217, US Pat. US 3,864,380 and US 3,496,218 and US 4,874,884. As the most preferred Lewis acid in this list, mention may be made of zinc chloride and triphenyl of boron.
- the catalyst system of the invention comprises a complex of Ni (O) with at least one organophosphorus compound, preferably a monodentate compound such as triphenylphosphite or tritolylphosphite described, for example, in patents US3496215, DE19953058, FR1529134, FR2069411.
- organophosphorus compound preferably a monodentate compound such as triphenylphosphite or tritolylphosphite described, for example, in patents US3496215, DE19953058, FR1529134, FR2069411.
- the catalyst system of the invention may comprise a complex of Ni (O) with organophosphorus monodentate or bidentate compounds belonging to the family of organophosphonites or organophosphinites.
- cocatalysts of the invention with a complex of Ni (O) obtained with a mixture of ligand monodentate organophosphite and bidentate ligand selected from the families of compounds belonging to organophosphites, organophosphonites, organophosphinites or organophosphines as described in patents WO03011457, WO2004 / 065352 or mixtures of monodentate ligands as described in French Patent Application No. 08 03374, not yet published.
- ligand monodentate organophosphite and bidentate ligand selected from the families of compounds belonging to organophosphites, organophosphonites, organophosphinites or organophosphines as described in patents WO03011457, WO2004 / 065352 or mixtures of monodentate ligands as described in French Patent Application No. 08 03374, not yet published.
- the process for manufacturing compounds comprising at least one nitrile function and more particularly dinitanium compounds such as adiponitrile comprises reacting in a first step a diolefin such as 1,3 butadiene with cyanide. hydrogen, generally in the absence of solvent and in the presence of a catalytic system. The reaction is conducted under pressure to be in a liquid medium. The unsaturated nithyl compounds are separated by successive distillations. Nithl compounds such as pentenenitriles are fed in a second hydrocyanation step.
- the non-linear unsaturated nithles obtained in the first stage are subjected to an isomerization step to convert them to linear unsaturated nithles which are also introduced in the second hydrocyanation stage.
- the linear unsaturated nithles are reacted with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalytic system.
- the dinitrile compounds formed are separated by successive distillations after extraction of the catalytic system from the reaction medium.
- Several processes for extracting the catalytic system are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 3,773,809, 4,082,811, 4,339,395 and 5,847,191.
- the catalytic system can be separated from the reaction medium by decantation in two phases obtained. by controlling the ratios between the mononitrile compounds and the dinitrile compounds contained in the medium. This separation can be improved by the addition of ammonia. It is also possible to precipitate the catalyst system to recover and recycle it or to use a non-polar solvent to extract the catalyst system and separate it from the nithel products.
- the temperature conditions of these different steps are between 10 and 200 0 C.
- the catalyst systems used in the first and second hydrocyanation steps and in the isomerization step are generally similar, that is, they contain an identical Ni (O) complex.
- the ratio between the number of nickel atoms and the number of ligand molecules may be different in each of these steps as well as the concentration of the catalyst system in the medium.
- the cocatalyst is present only in the catalytic system used for the second hydrocyanation step. However, it may also be present in the isomerization step and optionally in the first step.
- the characteristics and performances of the process and thus of the catalytic system used are determined and illustrated by the yield of dintrile compounds (RR) DN , and by the linearity (L) of linear dinitriles produced, that is to say the number of moles of linear dinitriles relative to the number of moles of dinitriles formed.
- the linearity corresponds to the percentage of mole of adiponitrile (AdN) obtained relative to the numbers of moles of dinitriles formed (AdN + ESN + MGN).
- the invention will be better illustrated by the examples given below for information only, relating to the manufacture of adiponitrile by hydrocyanation of 3-pentenenitrile.
- the 3-pentenenitrile used is a compound marketed by Aldrich.
- DPPX bis (diphenylphosphinomethyl) -1,2-benzene-linearity (L): ratio of the number of moles of AdN formed on the number of moles of dinitriles formed (sum of moles of AdN, ESN and MGN) - RR (DN) : yield of dinitriles corresponding to the ratio of the number of moles formed of dinitriles on the number of moles of 3NP engaged
- the compounds 3PN, Ni (cod) 2 , TTP, ZnCl 2, TIBAO, diphenylborinic anhydride (Ph 2 BOBPh 2 ), DPPX, trithienylphosphine, BPDB, are commercially available.
- the ligand for the monodentate ligands (TTP or trithienylphosphine), 5 equivalents (5 moles of ligands per one mole of nickel) o for the bidentate ligands (DPPX), 2.5 equivalents (2.5 moles of ligands) for one mole of nickel)
- the ratio [(total number of acid sites per molecule of AL1) + (total number of acid sites per molecule of AL2)] with respect to a nickel atom is set to 1.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0950559A FR2941455B1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2009-01-29 | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| PCT/EP2010/050521 WO2010086246A1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2010-01-18 | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2382186A1 true EP2382186A1 (fr) | 2011-11-02 |
Family
ID=40943817
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10701130A Withdrawn EP2382186A1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2010-01-18 | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110288327A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2382186A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5743904B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR101340658B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102300843B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2941455B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2487864C2 (fr) |
| SG (2) | SG10201401871XA (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA108195C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2010086246A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2926816B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| FR2932477B1 (fr) | 2008-06-17 | 2013-01-18 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2937321B1 (fr) | 2008-10-21 | 2010-10-22 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| FR2946649B1 (fr) | 2009-06-16 | 2012-04-13 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2980792B1 (fr) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-09-06 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| EP3410466B1 (fr) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-02-26 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Derives de chlorosilylarylgermane, procede pour leur production et leur utilisation |
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| FR800381A (fr) | 1935-01-11 | 1936-07-03 | Pignon de roue libre pour bicyclettes | |
| FR803374A (fr) | 1935-06-19 | 1936-09-29 | Bancaire Et Immobiliere Pour I | Tuyau flexible et son procédé de fabrication |
| FR805821A (fr) | 1935-08-19 | 1936-12-01 | Bielle | |
| US3496215A (en) | 1965-11-23 | 1970-02-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins using selected nickel phosphite catalysts |
| GB1112539A (en) | 1965-11-26 | 1968-05-08 | Du Pont | Preparation of organic nitriles |
| FR1529134A (fr) | 1966-06-24 | 1968-06-14 | Du Pont | Procédé d'addition de l'acide cyanhydrique aux oléfines et produits obtenus par ce procédé |
| US3496217A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1970-02-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
| BE757731A (fr) | 1969-11-13 | 1971-04-01 | Du Pont | Procede de cyanuration des olefines |
| US3631191A (en) | 1970-04-08 | 1971-12-28 | Du Pont | Synthesis of zero valent nickel-tetrakis triaryl phosphite complexes |
| US3766231A (en) | 1971-08-02 | 1973-10-16 | Du Pont | Compounds of zero valent nickel containing n bonded nitriles |
| US3773809A (en) | 1972-06-28 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Separation of organic phosphorus compounds and their metal complexes from organic nitriles in the hydrocyanation of olefins |
| US3864380A (en) * | 1974-01-17 | 1975-02-04 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of Olefins |
| NL173509C (nl) * | 1975-08-22 | 1984-02-01 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Werkwijze voor het polymeriseren van cyclische fosfazenen. |
| US4082811A (en) | 1977-02-23 | 1978-04-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Recovery of metal and triarylborane catalyst components from olefin hydrocyanation residue |
| US4339395A (en) | 1981-04-15 | 1982-07-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Treatment of olefin hydrocyanation products |
| US4416825A (en) | 1982-02-23 | 1983-11-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. | Preparation of zerovalent nickel complexes |
| US4874884A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-10-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Promoter synergism in pentenenitrile hydrocyanation |
| CA1324613C (fr) * | 1988-03-31 | 1993-11-23 | Ronald J. Mckinney | Synergisme d'un promoteur pour l'hydrocyanuration du pentenenitrile |
| FR2711987B1 (fr) * | 1993-11-03 | 1995-12-15 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procédé d'hydrocyanation de nitriles insaturés en dinitriles. |
| AU2880895A (en) | 1994-07-06 | 1996-01-25 | Cartolit A/S | Method and apparatus for use in connection with mounting of carton liners in freezing frames |
| IN187044B (fr) | 1995-01-27 | 2002-01-05 | Du Pont | |
| US5693843A (en) | 1995-12-22 | 1997-12-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for hydrocyanation of diolefins and isomerization of nonconjugated 2 alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles |
| MY124170A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2006-06-30 | Invista Tech Sarl | Hydrocyanation processes and multidentate phosphite ligand and nickel catalyst compositions therefor |
| ZA986369B (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2000-01-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of diolefins and isomerization of nonconjugated 2-alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles. |
| US5959135A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1999-09-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrocyanation processes and multidentate phosphite ligand and nickel catalyst compositions thereof |
| ZA986374B (en) | 1997-07-29 | 2000-01-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of diolefins and isomerization of nonconjugated 2-alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles. |
| US5847191A (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-12-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the hydrocyanation of monoolefins using bidentate phosphite ligands and zero-valent nickel |
| ATE269158T1 (de) | 1998-04-16 | 2004-07-15 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanierung von olefinen und isomerisierung von nichtkonjugierten 2-alkyl-3-monoalken- nitrilen |
| US6229052B1 (en) | 1998-05-29 | 2001-05-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydroformylation of olefins using supported bis(phosphorus) ligands |
| DE19825212A1 (de) | 1998-06-05 | 1999-12-09 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend einen Komplex eines Metalls der VIII. Nebengruppe auf Basis eines zweizähnigen Phosphonitliganden und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
| AU4253799A (en) | 1998-06-12 | 2000-01-05 | Micrologix Biotech, Inc. | Cancer therapy with cationic peptides |
| US6048996A (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2000-04-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Insoluble promoters for nickel-catalyzed hydrocyanation of monoolefins |
| DE19953058A1 (de) | 1999-11-03 | 2001-05-10 | Basf Ag | Phosphite |
| DE10038037A1 (de) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-04-18 | Basf Ag | Zur Herstellung von Nitrilen geeigneter Katalysator und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
| FR2815344B1 (fr) | 2000-10-13 | 2004-01-30 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede d'hydrocyanation de composes organiques a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2819250B1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 | 2004-12-03 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| DE10136488A1 (de) | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-06 | Basf Ag | Ni(O) enthaltendes Katalysatorsystem |
| FR2830530B1 (fr) | 2001-10-08 | 2004-07-02 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de transformation, d'une part, de composes a insaturation ethylenique en nitriles et, d'autre part, de nitriles branches en nitriles lineaires |
| FR2835833B1 (fr) | 2002-02-13 | 2004-03-19 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2842196B1 (fr) | 2002-07-15 | 2006-01-13 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2842197A1 (fr) | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-16 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2845379B1 (fr) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-12-03 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2847898A1 (fr) | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-04 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| FR2849027B1 (fr) | 2002-12-23 | 2005-01-21 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de synthese de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles a partir de composes a insaturations ethyleniques |
| US7172987B2 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2007-02-06 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Bimetallic catalyst, method of polymerization and bimodal polyolefins therefrom |
| DE10314761A1 (de) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-14 | Basf Ag | Als Katalysator für die Hydrocyanierung von olefinisch ungesättigten Verbindungen geeignetes System |
| FR2926816B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| FR2937321B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-21 | 2010-10-22 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
-
2009
- 2009-01-29 FR FR0950559A patent/FR2941455B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-01-18 CN CN201080005966.4A patent/CN102300843B/zh active Active
- 2010-01-18 SG SG10201401871XA patent/SG10201401871XA/en unknown
- 2010-01-18 WO PCT/EP2010/050521 patent/WO2010086246A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2010-01-18 RU RU2011135754/04A patent/RU2487864C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-18 EP EP10701130A patent/EP2382186A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-01-18 JP JP2011546764A patent/JP5743904B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-18 SG SG2011054566A patent/SG173177A1/en unknown
- 2010-01-18 KR KR1020117017724A patent/KR101340658B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-18 UA UAA201110494A patent/UA108195C2/ru unknown
- 2010-01-18 US US13/146,610 patent/US20110288327A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010086246A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2011135754A (ru) | 2013-03-10 |
| UA108195C2 (ru) | 2015-04-10 |
| CN102300843B (zh) | 2015-06-10 |
| US20110288327A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
| KR101340658B1 (ko) | 2013-12-11 |
| FR2941455A1 (fr) | 2010-07-30 |
| JP2012516295A (ja) | 2012-07-19 |
| KR20110101229A (ko) | 2011-09-15 |
| RU2487864C2 (ru) | 2013-07-20 |
| SG10201401871XA (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| SG173177A1 (en) | 2011-08-29 |
| JP5743904B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
| FR2941455B1 (fr) | 2011-02-11 |
| WO2010086246A1 (fr) | 2010-08-05 |
| CN102300843A (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
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