EP2379978B1 - Distributeur de fluides a symetrie de rotation - Google Patents

Distributeur de fluides a symetrie de rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2379978B1
EP2379978B1 EP09795934.0A EP09795934A EP2379978B1 EP 2379978 B1 EP2379978 B1 EP 2379978B1 EP 09795934 A EP09795934 A EP 09795934A EP 2379978 B1 EP2379978 B1 EP 2379978B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aperture
tube
fluid distributor
inner tube
sectors
Prior art date
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Application number
EP09795934.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2379978A2 (fr
Inventor
Michael Hermann
Constanze Bongs
Hans-Martin Henning
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Priority to PL09795934T priority Critical patent/PL2379978T3/pl
Publication of EP2379978A2 publication Critical patent/EP2379978A2/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/432—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa
    • B01F25/4321—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa the subflows consisting of at least two flat layers which are recombined, e.g. using means having restriction or expansion zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F28D9/0018—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form without any annular circulation of the heat exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0052—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for mixers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid distributor and to an apparatus which has at least one fluid distributor and a heat and / or material exchanger arranged thereon.
  • Fluid distributors are known inter alia from FR 983.419. Apparatuses for exchanging heat and / or substances between different fluids are state of the art. These include, for example, plate heat exchangers in which numerous flat fluid channels are arranged parallel to one another and thus offer a large exchange surface. This design is widely used, especially in air-air heat exchangers, which are used for example for heat recovery. In the case of two fluids A and B, the channels are arranged alternately, that is to say in the sequence ABABAB. A special challenge exists It is to distribute the volume flow of fluids from the respective supply lines evenly on these channels. At the same time this should be streamlined, so that the pressure loss remains as low as possible. The prior art often requires a transition from circular cross-section tubes to numerous parallel channels of rectangular cross-section, with only every second channel allowed to flow therethrough.
  • a rotationally symmetrical fluid distributor is understood to mean a device which always has a round (ie circular) cross-section, but the diameter in the longitudinal direction of the fluid distributor does not have to be constant, but can be constant.
  • the entire fluid distributor seen from the outside may have a cylindrical shape, but also have an increasing diameter, for example from the first to the second aperture.
  • the fluid distributor has at its two ends on the first aperture and the second aperture.
  • the fluid manifold consists essentially of two nested tubes, the inner tube enclosing a space A and the outer and inner tubes enclosing a space B, while the second aperture is segmented, with the respective segments alternating with the first Rooms A and B, so the spaces that are enclosed at the first aperture of the inner tube or of the two tubes, in conjunction.
  • a transition takes place between the first and second apertures, in which the inner tube has increasing indentations and protuberances, the notches, ie the trajectories of the respective indentations, extending in the longitudinal direction from the first to the second aperture in the direction of the center of the fluid distributor and at the latest at the second Aperture converge with the center of the fluid manifold.
  • the trajectory of the protuberances ie the radial course of the protuberances, in the longitudinal course of the first to the second aperture in the direction of the outer tube, wherein at the latest at the second aperture, the trajectory of the protuberances merges with the outer tube.
  • a fluid transition between the circular / annular spatial distribution towards a segment-like spatial distribution of the spaces A and B is provided with the fluid distributor.
  • the outer diameter of the entire fluid distributor can remain the same over the entire length of the distributor, but also vary.
  • such a preferred arrangement of the cuts or protuberances that the resulting segments that represent the space A, each having an equal area, (in the cross section of the second aperture), but also the segments that represent the space B always one have the same area.
  • the area of a segment representing the space A and the area of a segment representing the space B (in each case relative to the cross section of the second aperture) can always be the same size, ie the spatial relationship of the spaces A and B to one another is 1: 1, but it can also deviate cross-sectional area ratios occur.
  • 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 1000 preferably 3 ⁇ n ⁇ 500, particularly preferably 30 ⁇ n ⁇ 100, ie the fluid distributor has the corresponding number of segments.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional areas with respect to space A and space B remains constant over the entire length of the fluid distributor.
  • This preferred embodiment thus provides that at each point of the cross section of the fluid distributor, the ratio of the area which originates from room A to the area which originates from room B, is the same.
  • the cross-sectional area of A / B at each point of the fluid distributor is equal to 1 in cross-section.
  • the respective segments A and B resulting at the second aperture also have exactly the same areas.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the space A can be much larger than those of B and vice versa (eg 50: 1 or 100: 1).
  • the area ratio of A to B over the entire length of the fluid distributor is exactly the same, this means that, for example, in the case that space A is greater than space B, the inner tube relative to the outer tube has a relatively large diameter.
  • the trajectories of the incisions and / or the protuberances are "sinusoidal"
  • the trajectories of the protuberances which, starting from the original tube diameter of the inner tube at the first aperture, lead to a widening of the tube at this point, much like a sinusoid between 0 and ⁇ /.
  • Such guidance of the trajectories results in excellent flow characteristics of the respective fluids within the fluid manifold.
  • the incisions preferably run in such a way that a wedge-shaped structure results, wherein the acute angle of the wedge can also be rounded or arcuate concave. The same can preferably apply to the protuberances.
  • webs may be present in the region between the outer and inner tubes which connect the outer and inner tubes and / or webs are present in the inner tube which connect the inner wall of the inner tube and the central axis of the inner tube, ie the webs run in the middle axis together.
  • This embodiment applies to the entire fluid distributor except at the level of the second aperture, since starting from the first aperture, the webs, which are present for example between the outer and inner tube, have run together with the wall of the outer tube or the webs, the inner tube are arranged coincide at the level of the second aperture with the center of the fluid manifold.
  • a core tube or a solid axis is arranged concentrically in the inner tube over the entire length of the fluid distributor, with the proviso that in this case the second aperture in cross-section instead of the circular sectors circular sectors, said trajectories the incisions on the core tube or the solid axis terminate and, in the case that webs are present in the inner tube, these connect the surface of the core tube or the solid axis with the notch base of the inner tube and the trajectories of the incisions on the core tube or the solid axis branch as soon as the notch bottom touches the surface of the core tube or the solid axis.
  • the core tube has openings for mass transfer.
  • the respective exchange openings can be fluidically connected to either one of the rooms A or B, but a mass transfer can take place with both rooms.
  • the mass transfer openings of the core tube can be arranged over the entire length of the fluid distributor, but also only in certain areas.
  • the fluid distributor comprises a further tube arranged longitudinally from the first aperture or the second aperture concentrically around the outer tube and enclosing a space C lying between the further tube and the outer tube, as well as a tube in the longitudinal direction after the second aperture arranged third aperture having in cross section 3n circular sectors, where n is an integer ⁇ 1, preferably ⁇ 2, and the sectors alternately with space A, space C, space B and space C and so on stand between the second and the third aperture, the outer tube in the longitudinal direction around the tube circumference around n incisions at the level of the boundaries of the circular sectors and alternately arranged n protuberances of the circular sectors, each incision having a trajectory which the radius of the outer tube starting from the original radius of the outer tube at the level of the second aperture along the direction of the third aperture, with all the trajectories of the incisions converging at the level of the third aperture in the center of the cross section of the fluid distributor, and each protuberance having a trajectory which the radius of the outer
  • This embodiment of the invention is based on the same principle as the general principle of the present invention, namely that by the transition from an outer tube disposed around an inner tube by notches or protrusions of the tube therein, a course of the spaces between these tubes lie, can be adjusted so that at the exit aperture a segment-like side by side of the previously concentric arranged spaces can be done.
  • the inventive concept described in the preceding paragraph is However, not limited to the three spaces mentioned A, B and C, it can connect to the third aperture described therein, which is in fluidic contact with three different rooms A, B and C, even more concentric tubes, so that the concept any number of different spaces can be expanded.
  • the fluid distributor according to the invention can be used in a rotationally symmetrical heat and / or material exchanger whose cross section has at least 2n sectors separated from one another by a membrane, where n is an integer 1, preferably ⁇ 2.
  • the membrane may be cloth-impermeable or at least partially permeable to fabric. In the event that a heat exchange is to take place with this exchanger, it is preferred if the membrane is material-impermeable, but has good heat-conducting properties. Particularly suitable materials for the membrane in this case are, for example, metals or metal sheets. In the event that a mass transfer should take place, semipermeable membranes or porous membranes are preferred.
  • At least a portion of the sectors may be at least partially equipped with sorbent materials on the inside and / or outside.
  • the heat and / or material exchanger comprises a core tube arranged in the center of the heat and / or mass exchanger in the longitudinal direction, with the proviso that annular sectors are present instead of the circular sectors, wherein the core tube openings for mass transfer with at least one part may have the circular sectors.
  • This heat and / or material exchanger thus correlates with the previously described embodiment of the fluid distributor, in the event that it also has a core tube or a solid tube in the center.
  • a heat and / or mass exchange apparatus comprising a heat and / or mass heat exchanger as described above, wherein at least one end or both ends of the heat and / or mass exchanger is one as described above Fluid distributor is positively mounted over the second aperture, wherein the number of sectors of the heat and / or mass exchanger and the fluid distributor is identical.
  • the two components are joined together in such a way that the respective sectors of the fluid distributor and of the heat and / or mass exchanger congruently come to rest, ie not only the number of sectors of the fluid distributor and of the heat and / or mass exchanger must be identical the geometry of the sectors (for example, in the case where the sectors representing space A and the sectors representing space B are in cross section must not be the same area at the height of the second aperture) must be identical.
  • positive fit can also include that distributor and heat / material exchanger firmly connected to each other, e.g. welded, glued, etc., are.
  • the heat and / or material exchanger and the at least one fluid distributor are axially rotatable relative to one another, wherein the rotation is preferably carried out by means of a motor.
  • the individual components can also be separated by a small gap.
  • the invention described herein relates, in a first aspect, to a fluid distributor I, which starts from concentric inlet and outlet tubes for the fluids A (inner tube) and B (annular space between the inner and outer tube) and can be completely accommodated in a straight tube, which corresponds in outer diameter to the outer inlet and outlet pipe.
  • Heat exchange usually refers to the exchange of heat between the non-mixing fluids through impermeable walls.
  • Substance exchange refers to applications in which substances are transferred through the walls (eg filter processes). There are also combinations of heat and mass transfer conceivable; In this case, heat can also be transferred via fabric particles transferred through the walls.
  • Stoff cap includes adsorptive processes.
  • a substance is attached to the sorptive coating, but not transferred to the secondary side.
  • the expulsion of the adsorbed substance takes place, for example, via thermal desorption with a hot medium, which flows through the same (primary) channels following adsorption.
  • Such a fluid distributor I is for example in FIG. 1 shown in detail.
  • the fluid distributor I is limited by an outer tube 3 and has at the level of the first aperture 1 an inner tube 2.
  • the viewing direction is shown on the second aperture 4, which has the various segments (in this case 6) resulting from the transition from the two tubes 2 and 3 present on the first aperture side 1.
  • the segments corresponding to the spaces A (this is the space enclosed by the pipe 2) and B (this is the space between the pipes 2 and 3) are the same in this case, ie the individual segments are at an angle of 60 ° to each other.
  • the transition between the first aperture 1 and the second aperture 4 is designed such that the inner tube 2 has both notches 5 and protuberances 6, wherein the notches of the tube 2 with increasing course from the first aperture 1 to the second aperture 4 towards Center converge and meet at the height of the aperture 4 in the center.
  • the notches 5 thereby taper the diameter of the tube 2.
  • the tube 2 also has protuberances 6, which expand from the original tube diameter of the tube 2, the tube diameter and converge at the level of the aperture 4 with the outer tube 3. In this way, through the flowing transition between the one another ordered tubes 2 and 3 at the level of the first aperture 1 achieved a segmental structure according to the aperture 4.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the inner tube 2 (fluid A) and the annular space between tube 2 and 3 (fluid B) may be 1, for example, with the same fluids and similar mass flows, so that both cross-sectional areas are equal.
  • the fluid distributor is constructed in such a way that the fluids A and B located in the inner tube 2 and in the annular space are alternately adjacent to one another in circular sectors at the end of the distributor, ie ABABAB .
  • FIG. 3 shows the inlet and the outlet cross-section (inlet aperture 1 and outlet aperture 4) of a distributor I with 6 circular sectors.
  • the peculiarity of the distributor is that the cross section continuously changes from concentric circles to circular sectors, on the one hand increases the diameter of the inner tube and on the other hand, for example, wedge-shaped incisions 5 are introduced, which are advantageously dimensioned such that they increase the area increase by the growing diameter again compensate. This ensures that the cross-sectional areas for fluid A and B and thus also their flow rates remain the same throughout the distributor.
  • FIG. 4 A transition from the aperture 1 to the aperture 4 is based on several cross-sectional images in FIG FIG. 4 shown, which represent the changes in the circumference of the inner tube 2 in more detail. It can clearly be seen that, although the diameter of the outer tube 3 remains constant over the entire length from the aperture 1 to the aperture 4, but in the tube 2 Notches 5 and protuberances 6 are mounted, wherein the notches 5 converge at the aperture 4 at the center of the fluid distributor, while the protuberances 6 converge at the level of the aperture 4 with the outer tube 3, whereby the transition of two concentric tubes 2 and 3 in the Aperture 1 to a segment-like juxtaposition of the spaces A and B takes place at aperture 4.
  • the fixed ratio of the cross-sectional areas for the fluids A and B may also differ significantly from 1, e.g. when fluid A is water and fluid B is air (e.g., an air-water heat exchanger).
  • the narrow sectors get e.g. the character of water-cooled ribs (see Fig. La).
  • a fluid distributor with 15 channels A and 16 channels B with an area ratio A / B >> 1 is shown.
  • the diameter increase and the course of the wedge tips are advantageous to determine the diameter increase and the course of the wedge tips.
  • a sinusoidal course is, for example, a sinusoidal course.
  • the cuts 5 need not be wedge-shaped; they may also be rounded, for example, which may have a positive effect on the flow ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the main advantage of the invention is that the distributor has a dual function: it distributes the fluids continuously and at the same time already serves as a pre-heat and / or mass exchanger. Heat and / or fabric can be transferred from the beginning. Initially, this takes place only over the outer surface of the inner tube 2; the exchange surface between the fluids is then increased continuously until the final cross-section is reached with circular sectors, where she finally reaches her maximum. The number of sectors determines the absolute maximum of the exchange area. By design, none of the sectors are excellent over the others and the flow is gradually diverted without abrupt changes of direction. As a result, a uniform flow is achieved with low pressure drop, so that together with an efficient heat and / or mass transfer a high overall efficiency can be achieved with a compact, modular design.
  • the inlet and outlet cross sections 1 and 4 are circular, eliminates the otherwise often common transition pieces that increase pressure loss, cost and space requirements.
  • only the inner tube 2 must be performed before and after the distributor I through the wall of the outer tube 3 (eg via elbows), or the inlet or outlet of the annular space takes place axially or (semi-) radially in one Distance to the inlet or outlet of the inner tube.
  • Various such guides of the fluids A and B and the corresponding tubes 2 and 3 are in Fig. 6 illustrated, wherein the guide is not limited to the arrow directions.
  • FIG. 7 illustrated variant of the construction described above has in the inner and / or in the outer part of the manifold webs (ribs) 7 and 8, which are internally connected to the central axis and outside to the outer tube 3.
  • the inner webs 8 each lead from the wedge base radially to the central axis; the outer webs 7 lead radially from the outer contour of the distributor to the outer tube 3 and lie in each case on the bisector between two inner webs.
  • the webs increase both the stability of the construction and, in the case of a heat exchanger, the heat transfer between the fluids, because heat is transported radially by heat conduction through this fin construction to the exchange surface between the fluids.
  • FIG. 8 are in analogy to the comments regarding FIG. 4 a plurality of cross sections along the fluid distributor from aperture 1 to aperture 4 shown as a course of the geometric configuration of the inner tube 2 is designed when both between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3 webs 7 and in the interior of the inside lying tube 2 webs 8 are arranged. It can be seen that the webs 8 in course on the aperture 4 also due to the fact that the incisions 5 converge toward the center of the fluid distributor towards the center converge and disappear, while the webs 7 between the protuberances 6 and the outer tube 3 are and even here at the aperture 4 disappear. As a result, an extremely stable structure of the fluid distributor, in particular because the inner tube 2 is firmly fixed by the webs 7 in the outer tube 3.
  • a third fluid C is introduced, so that finally at the outlet of the distributor all three fluids in the order ACBCACBC ... are adjacent ( Fig. 11 ).
  • This cascading can theoretically be continued as desired; with another fluid D, for example, the order ADCDBDCDADCDBDCD ... would be achieved.
  • the fluid C can also be supplied in an annular space surrounding the first manifold, as in eg Fig. 11 indicated in the fifth picture from the left.
  • the first distributor is enclosed by a further tube 10 and fed to a third fluid C.
  • A cold sea water
  • B warm sea water
  • C permeate
  • semipermeable membrane between B and C capacitor film between A and C.
  • the webs between A and B should in this case a low Have thermal conductivity, so that the least possible heat exchange between A and B takes place.
  • Another application is that two fluids A and B heat a third fluid C (eg heating of the supply air C by two exhaust streams A and B, which should not mix).
  • the apparatus could be used as a fuel cell in which A (oxygen) and C (hydrogen) react to B (water). Between A and C is an electrolyte membrane, between C and B is a water-permeable membrane.
  • Both fluid manifolds I and heat exchangers can also be constructed with a core tube K or a solid axis.
  • the core tube must be taken into account when calculating the cross-sectional areas. Once the wedge touches the core tube, the tip is replaced by a circular arc, so that eventually no longer circular sectors, but circular sectors arise at the outlet of the distributor. The transition from the wedge to the annulus sector must also be taken into account when calculating the cross-sectional areas.
  • Fig. 12 shows sections through a fluid distributor I with core tube K; in Fig. 13 is the three-dimensional impression of the transition from the wedge to the circular sector sketched.
  • a special construction of the manifold there are openings between the fluid channels and the core tube provided, which allow fluid can flow into the core tube. This may be useful, for example, if fluid A is used for cooling fluid B and accumulates in this condensate, which is to be removed via the core tube K.
  • vertical installation of the apparatus may be advantageous.
  • the channels can be drained one after the other by turning the distributor.
  • the device can be installed at any angle.
  • the core tube can also be used to supply fluids.
  • a heat and / or material exchanger II the in FIG. 2a is shown as a separate component which can be arranged with two fluid distributors Ia and Ib, which can be arranged in each case at the ends of the heat and / or mass exchanger II.
  • the respective circular sectors which can be connected to the fluid distributors Ia and / or Ib, are arranged identically to the resulting divisions of the circular segments on the aperture 4 of the fluid distributor Ia or Ib.
  • the segments of the heat and / or mass exchanger II are parallel to each other.
  • the membranes may be permeable to material and / or fabric impermeable.
  • a core tube may be arranged in the heat and / or material exchanger II.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for heat and / or material exchange III, the example in FIG. 2b is shown, and from the assembled parts, in the FIG. 2a are presented, is arranged.
  • the apparatus consists of two fluid distributors Ia and Ib flanking a heat and / or material exchanger II at its respective ends.
  • the apparatus III consists of at least one, usually two symmetrically arranged fluid distributors Ia and Ib and as a rule, but not necessarily, from an intermediate heat and / or material exchanger II ( Fig. 2b ). It can be operated both in DC and in countercurrent.
  • the construction of the apparatus makes it possible to divert the fluid streams into different channels by rotating at least one distributor Ia and / or Ib and / or the heat or material exchanger II around the angle of a circular sector. For example, it is possible to allow fluid A in the inner tube and fluid B to enter the annular space and, depending on the rotation, either fluid A in the inner tube and fluid B in the annular space or fluid A in the annular space and fluid B in the inner tube. In this way, different channel connections can be switched using stepper motors, so that valves can be omitted.
  • the distributor receives a third function; he is thus fluid distributor, heat and / or material exchanger and actuator in a component. This function can be used especially if the channels have different functions and the fluids alternately have these functions should use.
  • a sorption heat exchanger in conventional design with parallel plates is in EP 1 508 015 B1 described.
  • This has heat exchanger and sorption channels which are in thermal contact (eg alternately stacked).
  • a sorption material is applied on the inner surfaces of the sorption channels.
  • the heat exchange channels include a cooling fluid, the sorption channels a fluid from which at least one component to be extracted from the sorbent material is to be extracted.
  • the sorptive heat exchanger also contains humidifying components for humidification or supersaturation of the cooling fluid.
  • both fluids are air of different temperature and humidity; the medium to be extracted is water, and various sorbents (for example, silica gel) can be used as the sorbent material.
  • the sorption heat exchanger of the prior art requires a plurality of valves to distribute different air streams to heat exchange or sorption channels. In the apparatus III described here, this can be done by rotation of the distributor Ia and / or Ib.
  • a possible mode of operation is shown below as an example for a ventilation mode (supply air is conditioned ambient air) in DC configuration:
  • the fluids at the inlet are exhaust air (inside) and ambient air (outside), the middle piece here consists of heat exchanger and sorption sectors, at the outlet are the fluids exhaust air (inside) and supply air (outside).
  • the ambient air e.g., by heat from solar panels
  • the heating of the ambient air may already take place in a component upstream of the distributor or e.g. take place over the outer surface of the outer tube at the entrance.
  • the heat exchanger ducts must be able to be humidified, therefore humidifiers, e.g. Nozzle to provide, which provide radially every other sector with water.
  • the heat exchanger and the sorption channels can be provided with further internal ribs (radially or parallel to the cylindrical surface) to increase the surface area within each sector.
  • a second apparatus A2 which executes the same steps 1) to 7) with a time delay: while one of the apparatuses performs step 1), the other executes steps 3) to 5).
  • the fluids must be recycled accordingly.
  • This can be done in a third apparatus A3 consisting of only two by one sector staggered distributors without center piece exists and is flowed through in the reverse direction in comparison to the apparatuses A1 and A2.
  • A3 / Manifold 1 (inside)
  • A3 / distributor 2 (inside)
  • A3 / distributor 2 (inside) must be connected to A1 / distributor 1 and A2 / distributor 1 via a changeover valve so that the exhaust air is blown into either A1 or A2 depending on the process step.
  • distribution channels eg those for fluid A in Fig. 9 can be made for example by hydroforming (hydroforming, hydroforming).
  • IHU is state of the art and is widely used for the production of complex components. It is conceivable to make the channels out of a tube ( Fig. 15 ) or from a partially plated sheet metal composite, which is formed by generating an internal pressure in the areas not connected by a previously applied release agent ( Fig. 16 ). In both cases, the shaping is achieved by forming in a suitable tool (pressing into the tool by internal pressure).
  • Another possibility is to weave the channels three-dimensionally (this technology already exists) and, if appropriate, subsequently with a hardening material, such as e.g. Epoxy resin, to stabilize.
  • a hardening material such as e.g. Epoxy resin

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Distributeur de fluides (I) à symétrie de rotation, comprenant dans le sens longitudinal
    une première ouverture (1) qui, en coupe transversale, comporte deux tubes (2, 3) disposés concentriquement, le tube intérieur (2) entourant une première chambre A, le tube extérieur (3) et le tube intérieur (2) entourant une chambre B, et le tube extérieur (3) définissant le diamètre du distributeur de fluides (I), et
    une deuxième ouverture (4) qui, en coupe transversale, comporte 2n secteurs de cercle, n étant un nombre entier ≥ 1, de préférence ≥ 2, et lesdits secteurs étant tour à tour en liaison avec la chambre A ou la chambre B,
    le tube intérieur (2) comportant, entre la première et la deuxième ouverture, n protubérances (6) disposées de manière alternée et n creux (5) disposés dans le sens longitudinal tout autour de la périphérie du tube,
    chaque creux (5) présente une trajectoire s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal de la première (1) à la deuxième ouverture (4), par laquelle le rayon du tube intérieur (2) diminue en continu à partir du rayon initial du tube intérieur (2) au niveau de la première ouverture (1) dans le sens longitudinal vers la deuxième ouverture (4), toutes les trajectoires des creux (5) convergeant au niveau de la deuxième ouverture (4) au centre du distributeur de fluides, et
    chaque protubérance (6) présente une trajectoire s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal de la première (1) à la deuxième ouverture (4), par laquelle le rayon du tube intérieur (2) augmente en continu à partir du diamètre initial du tube intérieur (2) au niveau de la première ouverture (1) dans le sens longitudinal vers la deuxième ouverture (4), toutes les trajectoires des protubérances (6) convergeant au niveau de la deuxième ouverture (4) avec le tube extérieur (3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    les trajectoires des creux (5) et des protubérances (6) s'étendent sous forme sinusoïdale,
    la trajectoire représentant le creux (5) s'étend sensiblement comme une courbe sinusoïdale entre n/2 et n, et
    la trajectoire représentant la protubérance (6) s'étend sensiblement comme une courbe sinusoïdale entre 0 et n/2.
  2. Distributeur de fluides selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    les creux (5) sont disposés autour du tube intérieur (2) pour des angles α de
    α = 0 , 2 , … , 2 ⁢ n - 2 ⁢ 360 ⁢ ° 2 ⁢ n ,
    Figure imgb0007
     et
    les protubérances (6) sont disposées autour du tube intérieur (2) pour des angles α de
    α = 1 , 3 , … , 2 ⁢ n - 1 ⁢ 360 ⁢ ° 2 ⁢ n .
    Figure imgb0008
  3. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que 1 ≤ n ≤ 1000, de préférence 3 ≤ n ≤ 500, de manière particulièrement préférée 30 ≤ n ≤ 100.
  4. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre les surfaces de section transversale de la chambre A et de la chambre B reste constant sur toute la longueur du distributeur de fluides (I).
  5. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les creux (5) ont sensiblement une forme de clavette, l'angle aigu de la clavette pouvant être arrondi ou à courbure concave.
  6. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans la zone entre le tube extérieur (3) et le tube intérieur (2) sont prévues des ailettes (7) qui relient le tube extérieur (3) et le tube intérieur (2) et/ou dans le tube intérieur (2) sont prévues des ailettes (8) qui relient la paroi intérieure du tube intérieur (2) et l'axe de symétrie du tube intérieur (2).
  7. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube central (K) ou un axe massif est disposé concentriquement dans le tube intérieur (2) sur toute la longueur du distributeur de fluides, à condition que, dans ce cas, la deuxième ouverture (4) comporte, en coupe transversale, des secteurs annulaires en lieu et place des secteurs de cercle, les trajectoires des creux (5) se terminant sur le tube central (K) ou l'axe massif et dans le cas où des ailettes (8) sont prévues dans le tube intérieur (2), celles-ci relient la surface du tube central ou de l'axe massif avec le fond d'entaille du tube intérieur (2) et les trajectoires des creux (5) se ramifient sur le tube central (K) ou l'axe massif, dès que le fond d'entaille entre en contact avec la surface du tube central (K) ou de l'axe massif.
  8. Distributeur de fluides selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le tube central (K) comporte des orifices pour le transfert de matière.
  9. Distributeur de fluides selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un tube (10) supplémentaire, qui est disposé dans le sens longitudinal à partir de la première ouverture (1) ou de la deuxième ouverture (4) concentriquement autour du tube extérieur (3) qui entoure une chambre C, située entre le tube (10) supplémentaire et le tube extérieur (3),
    ainsi qu'une troisième ouverture (11), qui est disposée dans le sens longitudinal vers la deuxième ouverture (4) qui, en coupe transversale, comporte 3n secteurs de cercle, n étant un nombre entier ≥ 1, de préférence ≥ 2, et les secteurs étant tour à tour en liaison avec la chambre A, la chambre C, la chambre B et la chambre C, etc.,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le tube extérieur (3) comporte, entre la deuxième ouverture (4) et la troisième ouverture (11), n creux (12) disposés dans le sens longitudinal tout autour de la périphérie du tube au niveau des limites des secteurs de cercle, et n protubérances (13) des secteurs de cercle, disposées de manière alternée,
    chaque creux (12) présentant une trajectoire, par laquelle le rayon du tube extérieur (3) diminue en continu à partir du rayon initial du tube extérieur (3) au niveau de la deuxième ouverture (4) dans le sens longitudinal vers la troisième ouverture (11), toutes les trajectoires des creux (12) convergeant au niveau de la troisième ouverture (11) au centre du distributeur de fluides, et
    chaque protubérance (13) présentant une trajectoire, par laquelle le rayon du tube extérieur (3) augmente en continu à partir du diamètre initial du tube extérieur (3) au niveau de la deuxième ouverture (4) dans le sens longitudinal vers la troisième ouverture (11), toutes les trajectoires des protubérances (13) convergeant au niveau de la troisième ouverture (11) avec le tube (10) supplémentaire.
  10. Appareil de transfert de chaleur et/ou de matière (III), comprenant un échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II), dont la section transversale comporte au moins 2n secteurs séparés les uns des autres par une membrane, n étant un nombre entier ≥ 1, de préférence ≥ 2,
    au moins une extrémité de l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II) étant reliée à un distributeur de fluides (I) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 par liaison de forme avec la deuxième ouverture de ce dernier, l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II) et le distributeur de fluides (I) ayant un nombre identique de secteurs.
  11. Appareil (III) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II) et ledit au moins un distributeur de fluides (I) sont aptes à tourner axialement l'un par rapport à l'autre, la rotation étant réalisée de préférence au moyen d'un moteur.
  12. Appareil (III) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la membrane de l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II) est imperméable à la matière ou au moins partiellement perméable à la matière.
  13. Appareil (III) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des secteurs de l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II) est dotée au moins en partie de matériaux de sorption sur la face intérieure et/ou la face extérieure.
  14. Appareil (III) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, comprenant un tube central ou axe massif disposé dans le sens longitudinal au milieu de l'échangeur de chaleur et/ou de matière (II), à condition que des secteurs annulaires soient prévus en lieu et place des secteurs de cercle, le tube central pouvant comporter des orifices pour le transfert de matière avec au moins une partie des secteurs annulaires.
EP09795934.0A 2008-12-19 2009-12-21 Distributeur de fluides a symetrie de rotation Active EP2379978B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL09795934T PL2379978T3 (pl) 2008-12-19 2009-12-21 Dystrybutor płynów z symetrią obrotową

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102008063866 2008-12-19
PCT/EP2009/009184 WO2010069602A2 (fr) 2008-12-19 2009-12-21 Appareil pour la répartition de fluides et leur échange de chaleur et/ou de matière

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EP2379978B1 true EP2379978B1 (fr) 2014-02-12

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EP3882552A1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-09-22 Viessmann Climate Solutions SE Dispositif échangeur
DE202020005950U1 (de) 2020-03-20 2023-08-04 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Tauschervorrichtung

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DE102012022363A1 (de) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Interner Wärmetauscher für eine Kraftfahrzeug-Klimaanlage
DE102013207180A1 (de) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeübertrager mit in einem Sammelkanal angeordneten Einsatz
DE102016222991A1 (de) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Sorptionsentfeuchter, Entfeuchtungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entfeuchtung

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3882552A1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-09-22 Viessmann Climate Solutions SE Dispositif échangeur
WO2021185828A1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Dispositif échangeur
DE202020005950U1 (de) 2020-03-20 2023-08-04 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Tauschervorrichtung

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WO2010069602A3 (fr) 2011-01-13
EP2379978A2 (fr) 2011-10-26
PL2379978T3 (pl) 2014-07-31

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