EP2373767B1 - A method for the production of pellets or briquettes - Google Patents

A method for the production of pellets or briquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2373767B1
EP2373767B1 EP09744786.6A EP09744786A EP2373767B1 EP 2373767 B1 EP2373767 B1 EP 2373767B1 EP 09744786 A EP09744786 A EP 09744786A EP 2373767 B1 EP2373767 B1 EP 2373767B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
steam
pellets
containing material
lignin containing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09744786.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2373767A1 (en
Inventor
Arne Johannes GRØNN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZILKHA BIOMASS TECHNOLOGIES LLC
Original Assignee
Zilkha Biomass Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NO20085249A external-priority patent/NO20085249A/no
Priority claimed from NO20092136A external-priority patent/NO335883B1/no
Application filed by Zilkha Biomass Technologies LLC filed Critical Zilkha Biomass Technologies LLC
Priority to PL09744786T priority Critical patent/PL2373767T3/pl
Publication of EP2373767A1 publication Critical patent/EP2373767A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2373767B1 publication Critical patent/EP2373767B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the production of pellets and briquettes, from lignin containing material, such as from raw materials of wood, bamboo, bagasse, straw, or grass.
  • Fuel pellets of wood are one of the fastest growing forms of bioenergy. Wood pellets and briquettes have also several other applications, but the most common field of use is as fuel pellets. Today, wood pellets are produced in substantial volumes at a large number of plants, especially in Europe and North America.
  • the raw materials are primarily sawdust, with a typical particle size of less than 3 mm and a typical relative moisture content of 50-55% by weight, and raw materials which are residual products from planing mills, furniture factories etc, with a typical relative moisture content in the range of 10-18% by weight.
  • Raw materials with a relative moisture content of more than 18-20% by weight are dried prior to pelletization. These materials constitute the major portion of the raw materials, which today are mostly sawdust.
  • the drying is usually carried out in drum dryers into which the raw materials are introduced and into which there are injected flue gases from a combustion plant fuelled by chips/bark or the like, direct drying taking place on the basis of flue gases.
  • flue gases from a combustion plant fuelled by chips/bark or the like
  • several types of dryers are in use, including low temperature dryers.
  • the next step is mechanical fine grinding of the raw materials, down to a typical particle size of less than 2 mm. This is usually done in an impact mill (hammer mill).
  • the material is then passed to pellet presses, where pelletization typically is carried out in that the material is pressed through cylindrical holes in a ring die, and the compressed material that comes out is cut into pellets.
  • the newly produced pellets which have a high temperature and a soft consistency, are then passed to a cooler, which is a vessel through which air is passed, so that a controlled cooling of the pellets is obtained, and at the same time the volume of fines is reduced. Finished pellets then exit the cooler.
  • Briquettes are produced from the same raw materials as pellets. While pellets have a typical diameter of 6.8 or 12 mm and a length of 10-20 mm, briquettes are larger, with a typical diameter of 50 mm, and a length from 20 mm and upwards to 300 mm. Briquettes are not produces in ring dies, but in separate briquette presses where the raw material is compressed. The briquettes typically have a lower volumetric weight than pellets.
  • lignin containing material should be understood as any material containing lignin which may be used in the invention, such as lignocellulosic materials, wood comprising materials, for example wood, bamboo, bagasse, straw, or grass.
  • the lignin containing material may be in any suitable and processable form, such as in the form of powder, dust, sawdust, chips, splinters, chippings, shavings, cuttings or similar particles.
  • the material is chosen from the group comprising: lignocellulosic material, wood comprising material, wood, bamboo, bagasse, straw, or grass.
  • the material may also be chosen from group comprising: dust, saw dust, chips, splinters, coarse particles, chippings, shavings or cuttings.
  • the invention concerns a method the steam injected into the reactor is superheated unsaturated steam, which further reduces the moisture of the material during the heat treatment, such as in the range of 1-5 percent units, 4-5 percent units and alternatively 5 percent units of relative moisture of the material.
  • the super heated unsaturated steam is for example injected to the reactor at 350 °C and 20 bars.
  • the treated material may in a step (d2) also be emptied between the steps (d) and (e), from the reactor and received in a receiving tank or cyclone where the steam is separated from the material, so that as little condensate from the steam as possible is brought along as moisture further in the process or product.
  • the treated material may be mixed with additional treated or non-treated lignin containing material, in a step (d3) between step (d) and (e), preferably after the step (d2).
  • the material may in one embodiment be dried to a relative moisture content of 5-15 % by weight, alternatively about 2-12% by weight before it passes to the reactor step (b).
  • the retention time in the reactor may be within the range of 1-12 minutes.
  • the last pressure reduction of the reactor takes place suddenly by steam explosion so that the material is defibrated, while in another embodiment the depressurization of the reactor takes place slowly without steam explosion.
  • the material may be coarse particles, such as cellulose chips, such as with a length of 25 mm.
  • the material may also be finely divided before the reactor step, such as in the form of dust or sawdust or more finely divided material, such as with a length of less than about 3 mm.
  • the admixed lignin containing material has a moisture content of less than 18% by weight and/or a typical particle size of less than 2 mm.
  • the invention concerns a method as above, wherein the method comprises an additional step of:
  • the invention concerns pellets or briquettes which are produced as described over.
  • the pellets or briquettes may contain a relative moisture content of 5% by weight or less, or 2% by weight or less and possibly have an energy content of 5.0 MWh/tonne or more, or 5.2 MWh/tonne or more.
  • the material that is to be used may be pre-dried, or have a relative moisture content of less than 20% by weight, and thus not require drying. If the moisture is above 20% the material is dried as a step in the process itself.
  • the material that is fed into the reactor thus has a substantially lower moisture content than has previously been used in the prior art.
  • the present invention discloses a moisture content after drying of 0-20%, as against 30-45% in the prior art, thereby overcoming some major objections still in existence in the art as explained introductory.
  • the reduced moisture in the material results in lower steam consumption in the reactor, which gives lower production costs.
  • the relative moisture content of the material entering the reactor is preferably in the range of 5-15 % by weight, or 2-12% by weight.
  • drying can be carried out in one step (only prior to steam explosion) instead of in two steps as in the prior art (which comprises drying prior to steam explosion and drying before the material passes into the pellet press), which gives substantially lower investment costs than if two drying steps are used as earlier.
  • Some drying may occur by injecting superheated (unsaturated) steam into the reactor, instead of dry saturated steam, such as for example after step (d) of the method above. This will result in dry material evaporating until the steam has been saturated, and that the moisture in the material after processing in the reactor is lower than if only saturated steam had been injected.
  • the retention time in the reactor is 1-12 minutes.
  • Method (2) is most appropriate when the material is relatively finely divided prior to treatment in the reactor (as e.g., sawdust with a typical length of less than 3 mm, or even more finely divided material), whereas method (1) is preferable when there are coarser particles (as e.g., cellulose chips, with a typical length of 25 mm). This is due to the fact that with method (1), there is no need for mechanical fine grinding after the treatment in a reactor even though the raw materials are of the size of cellulose chips. However, if method (2) is used, the raw materials should be more finely divided than cellulose chips if the material is to be able to pass directly to pelletization without any further mechanical grinding.
  • the design of the reactor and equipment associated therewith permits discharge when the material has low moisture content. It is quite possible to equip the reactor so that it can be emptied even without a sudden reduction in pressure (steam explosion) in the last step.
  • the treated material is pelletized, optionally after it has been mixed with other lignin containing material, for example, non-steam exploded lignin containing material.
  • the admixed lignin containing material advantageously has a moisture content no higher than 18% by weight and a typical particle size no greater than 2 mm.
  • the treated material may be briquetted instead of pelletized in a briquette press.
  • the present invention By using the present invention, the early and major reduction in moisture results in the heat-induced hydrolysis of the organic material starting later and being weaker than in the known methods. Thus, the present invention reduces the loss of dry matter that is a problem in the prior art.
  • pellets or briquettes can be obtained with a moisture content of 2% and lower which have the same good binding properties as other known pellets prepared from steam-exploded wood.
  • the invention also results in a number of advantages compared with mechanical production of wood pellets and briquettes.
  • the advantages over the mechanical process for the production of pellets reside in higher quality and higher capacity.
  • Higher quality consists in the treated pulp having binding properties which far exceed the previously obtained pulps and the improved binding properties of the pellets lead to a lower volume of fines (dust), and a better cohesion.
  • Higher capacity of the pellet presses or briquette press, with the same electricity consumption, is obtained because the pulp in the present invention has a softer consistency and is easier to pelletize than mechanically finely ground wood, and the bulk weight of the pellets or briquettes can also be increased without increasing the consumption of electricity.
  • pellets prepared according to the invention are virtually non-hygroscopic. Mechanically produced pellets and briquettes absorb moisture so easily that they must be stored and handled in dry conditions. If they come into contact with water, they will lose their form and revert to a form of wood powder or sawdust.
  • the pellets and briquettes according to the invention can be handled and stored without contact with water or moisture being a problem; they retain their shape and only absorb water to a slight degree, and only after a long time.
  • pellets and briquettes of the present invention it is possible to use the same storage and transport facilities those already present for coal.
  • mechanically produced pellets on the other hand, separate facilities must be provided to ensure dry handling during storage and transport.
  • the present invention also means that the storage facilities can be made far more cheaply than today.
  • the present invention thus provides an improved method that obtains an improved product as disclosed above.
  • the method provided according to the invention can be accommodated to existing pellet or briquette plants which today use neither steam explosion nor elevated temperature treatment with steam for pelletization.
  • Fig. 1 shows a graph where temperature is plotted against time for two separate processing courses.
  • the raw materials may be any kind of lignin containing material.
  • the process in the reactor can be optimized in a number of ways.
  • the basic relations are that:
  • the optimum treatment conditions are different for different types of lignin containing material, even for different types of wood. There are also local variations (inter alia, on the basis of growth conditions) within the individual material types, which means that the optimization of the process conditions give best results when done for the individual plant.
  • Fig. 1 the principles of the relation or dependency between processing parameters are illustrated for two different ways of processing a certain material, in this case temperature and retention time at a certain pressure.
  • Curve A Light processing
  • Curve B “Intense processing” represents parameters that provide a more vigorous treatment which for a given retention time always is treated at a higher temperature compared to a "mild processing”, and which may be optimal for other markets, such as bulk supplies which involves more severe handling.
  • Pellets/briquettes treated in a "severe processing” have a higher bulk weight than pellets/briquettes treated by a "light processing”.
  • the curves will move outward in the diagram, i.e. away from origo, in order to provide the same degree of processing.
  • the change in retention time and temperature will generally follow the same type of shape or course of the curves.
  • the displacement will be different for each type of material, and sub type of material, such as for different types of wood.
  • the curve will have the same structure, but a different position and somewhat different course in the diagram. For example, there are important differences in the curves for soft and hard wood, and even a certain difference between spruce/fir and pine.
  • the curve for pine will for example be further away from origo than the curve for spruce/fir for the same degree of processing.
  • a small producer may prefer to work at the lowest possible pressure and temperature ranges for steam, so that less costly steam equipment may be used, and security and competence for operators are less strict, although for most producers, higher temperatures would be more profitable.
  • the longer retention time needed for working at low temperature/pressure reduces the production capacity. Still, this may be preferable for example if supply of steam is limited.
  • longer retention time at low temperatures, such as at 180°C may also be used for a certain time only, such as during start-up or ending of the process run, as processing starts at 180°C and continues as long as the temperature is kept above 180°C.
  • the optimal mixture ratio of steam-exploded/heat treated pulp to other lignin containing materials, such as wood, in pellets/briquettes depends upon a number of factors, which are often different for each individual plant.
  • the type of lignin containing material, such as wood, used is a major factor, as is the availability of raw materials at the plant in general.
  • the relation between electricity costs and the thermal energy used in the reactor process is also important because the portion that is mixed with the steam-exploded pulp is finely ground in an impact mill in advance, which requires electrical energy. It is also of major importance which market the products, pellets or briquettes are destined for, as the relative importance of the increase in quality may be different.
  • the consistency of the steam-exploded /heat-treated pulp also has an effect on the quality of the pellets/briquettes, and thus on what mixture ratios are optimal.
  • the particle size for the raw materials/the material upon entering the reactor is decisive for whether the pulp becomes a brown powder, as when ingoing raw material is sawdust, or whether the pulp has a consistency more like dry shredded peat, with longer fibre bundles that are soft.
  • Pellets/briquettes from the last type of pulp provide even better properties as regards a smaller quantity of fines than steam-exploded pulp from sawdust.
  • the ingoing raw material in the reactor must be far larger than the typical particle size for sawdust, and some types of lignin containing materials are better suited than others for producing such pulp.
  • the moisture in the raw materials when they enter the reactor to be steam-exploded/heat-treated is considerably lower (0-20% by weight) than in the prior art method (30 - 45% by weight). This means that the steam consumption in the reactor that is necessary to heat the material to the given temperature is lower, which results in lower production costs. Lower steam requirements also give a shorter filling time and pressure reduction time for steam, which in turn gives a greater number of portions or batches per time unit. This means higher production capacity in a reactor of a given size.
  • the mass may possibly be dried according to the present invention by using superheated (unsaturated) steam in the reactor during the heat treatment, instead of saturated steam which is common for such heat treatment.
  • the present invention makes it possible to obtain extremely dry material for pelleting or briquetting, and thereby extremely dry pellets or briquettes.
  • the technique of superheated steam for reduction of water of the material in the reactor is used to reduce the temperature or the time of the drying step before the heat treatment in order to obtain the same product with the same properties as described earlier.
  • different results and products may be obtained.
  • the advantage of only performing one drying step, and possibly obtaining further reduction of water content in the material by superheated steam in the reactor, is that two classic drying steps as in prior art are avoided, wherein saturated steam and two dryers is used, which means important higher investment costs than if one drying step is used as in the present invention.
  • the investment costs are moreover substantially higher than for one dryer which has the collected capacity alone.
  • the capacity of the one dryer may possibly also be reduced if additional drying is performed in the reactor as mentioned above, or the total treatment time may be reduced.
  • the pressure reduction may alternatively be carried out so that a steam explosion is obtained, or the pressure reduction can be carried out so gradually that there is no steam explosion.
  • the choice between these methods is made on the basis of whether the material is so finely divided beforehand that it is not necessary to defibrate it by steam explosion.
  • the method that is provided according to the present invention can be accommodated to existing pellet/briquette plants that are based on mechanical fine grinding and pelletization or briquetting without other investments than in reactor(s), steam production, receiving the pulp and handling the steam that is separated from the pulp, and optional mixing with mechanically finely ground lignin containing material, for example wood.
  • a reactor can be put in the production line instead of fine grinding (typically with an impact mill).
  • some of the raw materials may optionally be moved after the dryer to a reactor and some to mechanical fine grinding, - typically in that larger particles are taken to the reactor.
  • the two-step drying method from the prior art is to be accommodated to existing plants, an additional dryer must be invested in for drying of the pulp after steam explosion, i.e., before the pulp is pelletized or briquetted.
  • the same dryer could not be used for raw materials that are to be steam-exploded and the portion of the raw materials that is optionally to be finely ground mechanically, since the requirement of relative moisture content after the drying is very different in the two cases.
  • the method according to the invention is preferable to implement practically, logistically and economically in existing plants.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
EP09744786.6A 2008-12-15 2009-10-05 A method for the production of pellets or briquettes Not-in-force EP2373767B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09744786T PL2373767T3 (pl) 2008-12-15 2009-10-05 Sposób wytwarzania pelletów lub brykietów

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20085249A NO20085249A (no) 2008-12-15 2008-12-15 Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av trepellets og pellets derav
NO20092136A NO335883B1 (no) 2009-06-02 2009-06-02 Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av trepellets og briketter
PCT/NO2009/000346 WO2010071440A1 (en) 2008-12-15 2009-10-05 A method for the production of pellets or briquettes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2373767A1 EP2373767A1 (en) 2011-10-12
EP2373767B1 true EP2373767B1 (en) 2018-07-25

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EP09744786.6A Not-in-force EP2373767B1 (en) 2008-12-15 2009-10-05 A method for the production of pellets or briquettes

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US (2) US10570349B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP2373767B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (4) JP2012512270A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (2) KR101525648B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (2) CN106929117A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU2009327630C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BRPI0923508A8 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2746998C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2693144T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LT (1) LT2373767T (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NZ (1) NZ593489A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL2373767T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PT (1) PT2373767T (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
RU (1) RU2518068C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TR (1) TR201815603T4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO2010071440A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA201104425B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020225506A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Europeenne De Biomasse Melange de biomasse vapocraquee et de lignine pour la production de granule
WO2020225505A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Europeenne De Biomasse Controle du vapocraquage en vue d'ameliorer le pci des granules noirs
FR3097554A1 (fr) 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 Europeenne De Biomasse Procédé de production d’un biocombustible par vapocraquage
FR3097555A1 (fr) 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 Europeenne De Biomasse Procédé de production d’un biocombustible par vapocraquage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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