EP2371654B1 - Railway vehicle with a sanitary device - Google Patents

Railway vehicle with a sanitary device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2371654B1
EP2371654B1 EP20110156034 EP11156034A EP2371654B1 EP 2371654 B1 EP2371654 B1 EP 2371654B1 EP 20110156034 EP20110156034 EP 20110156034 EP 11156034 A EP11156034 A EP 11156034A EP 2371654 B1 EP2371654 B1 EP 2371654B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste water
rail vehicle
water pipeline
pipeline
return flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110156034
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2371654A2 (en
EP2371654A3 (en
Inventor
Burkhard Arras
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2371654A2 publication Critical patent/EP2371654A2/en
Publication of EP2371654A3 publication Critical patent/EP2371654A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2371654B1 publication Critical patent/EP2371654B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D35/00—Sanitation
    • B61D35/005—Toilet facilities
    • B61D35/007—Toilet facilities comprising toilet waste receiving, treatment, storage, disposal or removal devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6851—With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6855—Vehicle
    • Y10T137/6866—Railway car

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway vehicle with a sanitary device, is obtained at the wastewater, and connected to a sewer pipe between the sanitary device and a port for a target container for receiving wastewater, which is connected via a further connection with a sewage pipeline for emptying into a landside target container may be, with a sewer connection of the sanitary device is lower than at least a portion of the sewage pipeline, so that the waste water is to be promoted by the sewer line against the gravitational force.
  • the pamphlets EP 1 293 614 A2 . GB 2 385 608 A and US 6 085 366 A concern sanitary facilities with non-return valves.
  • the solutions presented there are each intended for a limited space and not readily applicable to rail vehicles.
  • the invention has the object, a rail vehicle of the type mentioned further such that frost protection of the sewage pipeline is given to a greater extent.
  • the sewer line has at least one non-return valve, which is arranged between the sewer connection of the sanitary device and the section of the sewage pipeline, the sewage pipeline from the sewer connection in the conveying direction of the waste water initially substantially horizontally and then obliquely upward and runs the non-return valve is arranged in the substantially horizontally extending section of the sewage pipeline.
  • Such a backflow barrier causes returned wastewater to be collected at a location in the sewer pipe and discharged more effectively at a later time.
  • the non-return valve is arranged in a substantially horizontally extending section of the sewage pipeline. This increases the effectiveness of the non-return valve in the sewage pipeline.
  • the backflow barrier can be formed by an increase and a subsequent lowering of the course of the sewage pipeline. This ensures that wastewater is prevented from flowing backward by being raised in the course of the sewage pipeline and collecting behind the lift in the conveying direction.
  • the increase may preferably be at least one pipe diameter. It is also possible that the increase is several pipe diameters, in each case safe to is that an expected amount of backwashing wastewater is safely retained by the backflow barrier.
  • a lying in the conveying direction of the waste water behind the backflow barrier section of the sewage pipeline can be designed to be heated, so that in the case of Supplying the sewage pipeline with frost possible damage can be safely avoided.
  • the sanitary device 1 which may be, for example, a toilet, a sink or a shower, connected via a sewer connection 2 to a sewage pipeline 3.
  • the sewage pipeline 3 opens at a port 4 of a target container 5, which serves to receive the wastewater.
  • the target container 5 can be present, for example, as a rail vehicle side provided wastewater container.
  • a sewer line between the target container 5 and another destination container is considered, which is arranged outside of the rail vehicle and is present as a shore-side suction device.
  • the sewer connection 2 of the sanitary device 1 is lower than a portion of the sewage pipeline 3 to the port 4 of the target container 5, so that waste water is to be conveyed against the action of gravitational force, typically by means of compressed air or vacuum.
  • the sewage pipeline 3 runs initially substantially horizontally from the connection 2 in the conveying direction of the wastewater, is then arranged obliquely upward therefrom and leads obliquely downwards in the region of the destination container 5 via a pipe bend.
  • the end of a delivery cycle involves wetting of the sewage pipe inside with wastewater.
  • This wastewater flows after completion of the delivery cycle to the next local lowest point in the sewage pipeline sections against the conveying direction of the waste water back towards the sanitary device 2.
  • the sewage pipe 3 has a reflux barrier 6, which in the flow direction of the waste water is formed by an increase and a subsequent lowering of the course of the sewage pipeline 3.
  • the increase corresponds to about four times a diameter of the sewage pipeline 3.
  • the non-return valve 6 causes non-discharged wastewater from the pipeline area in the conveying direction behind the return flow barrier 6 in the region of their subsidence collects. This avoids that the non-pumped wastewater can flow even further towards the sanitary device 1. It is thus easier to spend at a subsequent sewage production cycle to the target container 5.
  • a heating device 7 is provided adjacent to the backflow barrier 6 of the sewage pipeline 3 in the flow direction of the wastewater. This heating device 7 is suitable for applying heat to the region of the wastewater pipeline 3 in which wastewater flowing back collects. As a result, in the case where frost damage to the sewage pipeline 3 is to be feared, ice formation in the sewage pipeline 3 behind the non-return valve 6 can be avoided.
  • non-return valve 6 does not necessarily have to have a constant pipe diameter. Rather, there are also different diameters about the pipe bend, which forms the return flow barrier 6, conceivable. Also, three-dimensional characteristics of the non-return valve 6 are possible. If required, several return flow barriers can be provided along the sewage pipeline 3.
  • the backflow barrier 6 is typically formed by a plurality of pipe bends, so that it is easy to assemble.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Sanitärvorrichtung, an der Abwasser anfällt, und mit einer Abwasserrohrleitung zwischen der Sanitärvorrichtung und einem Anschluss für einen Zielbehälter zur Aufnahme von Abwasser, der über einen weiteren Anschluss mit einer Abwasserrohrleitung zu seiner Entleerung in einen landseitigen Zielbehälter verbunden sein kann, wobei ein Abwasseranschluss der Sanitärvorrichtung tiefer als mindestens ein Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung liegt, so dass das Abwasser durch die Abwasserleitung entgegen der Gravitationskraft zu fördern ist.The invention relates to a railway vehicle with a sanitary device, is obtained at the wastewater, and connected to a sewer pipe between the sanitary device and a port for a target container for receiving wastewater, which is connected via a further connection with a sewage pipeline for emptying into a landside target container may be, with a sewer connection of the sanitary device is lower than at least a portion of the sewage pipeline, so that the waste water is to be promoted by the sewer line against the gravitational force.

Die Druckschriften EP 1 293 614 A2 , GB 2 385 608 A und US 6 085 366 A betreffen Sanitäreinrichtungen mit Rückflusssperren. Die dort vorgestellten Lösungen sind jeweils für einen beschränkten Bauraum vorgesehen und nicht ohne Weiteres auf Schienenfahrzeuge anwendbar.The pamphlets EP 1 293 614 A2 . GB 2 385 608 A and US 6 085 366 A concern sanitary facilities with non-return valves. The solutions presented there are each intended for a limited space and not readily applicable to rail vehicles.

In Schienenfahrzeugen erfolgt eine Förderung von Abwasser durch eine Abwasserrohrleitung, die durch ein festes Rohr, einen flexiblen Schlauch oder eine Kombination hieraus ausgeführt sein kann, oft nicht durch die Gravitationskraft. Vielmehr ist es häufig erforderlich, die Förderung von Abwasser zu einem entsprechenden Zielbehälter, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen Abwassertank aber auch eine landseitige Absaugeinrichtung handeln kann, durch technische Maßnahmen zu unterstützen. Solche technischen Maßnahmen arbeiten beispielsweise mit Druckluft oder Vakuum und bewirken eine Förderung des Abwassers entgegen der Gravitationskraft "nach oben".In rail vehicles carried a promotion of wastewater through a sewage pipeline, which can be performed by a fixed tube, a flexible hose or a combination thereof, often not by the gravitational force. Rather, it is often necessary to support the promotion of wastewater to a corresponding target container, which may be, for example, a waste water tank but also a shore-side suction, by technical means. Such technical measures work, for example, with compressed air or vacuum and cause a promotion of the waste water against the gravitational force "up".

Aufgrund der vorliegenden Förderrichtung für die Abwasserrohrleitung ("nach oben") ergibt sich ein Rückfluss von Flüssigkeit, welche nicht bis zum Zielbehälter gefördert wurde. Dieser Rückfluss benetzt eine Rohrinnenfläche und muss zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erneut gefördert werden. Eine Ansammlung von Flüssigkeit im Abwasserrohr wird als negativ angesehen, da Auswirkungen auf eine Frostsicherheit der Abwasserrohrleitung gegeben sind.Due to the present conveying direction for the sewage pipeline ("upward") results in a reflux of liquid that has not been delivered to the target container. This reflux wets a pipe inner surface and must be re-promoted at a later date. An accumulation of liquid in the sewer pipe is considered negative because of the effects on frost protection of the sewer pipe.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schienenfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass eine Frostsicherheit der Abwasserrohrleitung in höherem Maße gegeben ist.Proceeding from this, the invention has the object, a rail vehicle of the type mentioned further such that frost protection of the sewage pipeline is given to a greater extent.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Abwasserleitung mindestens eine Rückflusssperre aufweist, die zwischen dem Abwasseranschluss der Sanitäreinrichtung und dem Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung angeordnet ist, die Abwasserrohrleitung von dem Abwasseranschluss aus in Förderrichtung des Abwassers zunächst im Wesentlichen horizontal und im Anschluss daran schräg aufwärts verläuft und die Rückflusssperre in dem im Wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that the sewer line has at least one non-return valve, which is arranged between the sewer connection of the sanitary device and the section of the sewage pipeline, the sewage pipeline from the sewer connection in the conveying direction of the waste water initially substantially horizontally and then obliquely upward and runs the non-return valve is arranged in the substantially horizontally extending section of the sewage pipeline.

Eine solche Rückflusssperre bewirkt, dass zurücklaufendes Abwasser an einer Stelle in der Abwasserleitung gesammelt werden und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt effektiver abgeführt werden kann.Such a backflow barrier causes returned wastewater to be collected at a location in the sewer pipe and discharged more effectively at a later time.

Die Rückflusssperre ist in einem im Wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung angeordnet. Dies erhöht eine Wirksamkeit der Rückflusssperre in die Abwasserrohrleitung.The non-return valve is arranged in a substantially horizontally extending section of the sewage pipeline. This increases the effectiveness of the non-return valve in the sewage pipeline.

Vorteilhafterweise kann die Rückflusssperre von einer Anhebung und einer nachfolgenden Absenkung des Verlaufs der Abwasserrohrleitung gebildet sein. Dies gewährleistet, dass Abwasser durch die Anhebung im Verlauf der Abwasserrohrleitung am Zurückfließen gehindert und sich in Förderrichtung hinter der Anhebung sammelt.Advantageously, the backflow barrier can be formed by an increase and a subsequent lowering of the course of the sewage pipeline. This ensures that wastewater is prevented from flowing backward by being raised in the course of the sewage pipeline and collecting behind the lift in the conveying direction.

Die Anhebung kann bevorzugt wenigstens einen Rohrdurchmesser betragen. Es ist auch möglich, dass die Anhebung mehrere Rohrdurchmesser beträgt, wobei in jedem Fall sicher zu stellen ist, dass eine erwartete Menge an rückströmendem Abwasser von der Rückflusssperre sicher zurückgehalten wird.The increase may preferably be at least one pipe diameter. It is also possible that the increase is several pipe diameters, in each case safe to is that an expected amount of backwashing wastewater is safely retained by the backflow barrier.

Ein in Förderrichtung des Abwassers hinter der Rückflusssperre liegender Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung kann beheizt ausgeführt sein, so dass im Fall einer Beaufschlagung der Abwasserrohrleitung mit Frost mögliche Schäden sicher vermieden werden können.A lying in the conveying direction of the waste water behind the backflow barrier section of the sewage pipeline can be designed to be heated, so that in the case of Supplying the sewage pipeline with frost possible damage can be safely avoided.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung noch näher beschrieben. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Teils einer Sanitäranlage eines Schienenfahrzeuges.An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in more detail. The single figure shows a schematic view of part of a sanitary system of a rail vehicle.

Bei einem Schienenfahrzeug, das mit einer Sanitärvorrichtung 1, an der Abwasser anfällt, ausgestattet ist, sind Maßnahmen zur Abführung des Abwassers zu treffen. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Sanitärvorrichtung 1, bei der sich beispielsweise um ein WC, ein Waschbecken oder eine Dusche handeln kann, über einen Abwasseranschluss 2 an eine Abwasserrohrleitung 3 angeschlossen. In Förderrichtung des Abwassers mündet die Abwasserrohrleitung 3 an einem Anschluss 4 eines Zielbehälters 5, der zur Aufnahme des Abwassers dient. Der Zielbehälter 5 kann beispielsweise als schienenfahrzeugseitig vorgesehener Abwasserbehälter vorliegen. Alternativ ist es auch denkbar, dass eine Abwasserleitung zwischen dem Zielbehälter 5 und einem weiteren Zielbehälter betrachtet wird, der außerhalb des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist und als landseitige Absaugeinrichtung vorliegt.In a railway vehicle, which is equipped with a sanitary device 1, obtained at the wastewater, measures are to be taken for the discharge of the wastewater. In the illustrated embodiment, the sanitary device 1, which may be, for example, a toilet, a sink or a shower, connected via a sewer connection 2 to a sewage pipeline 3. In the conveying direction of the waste water, the sewage pipeline 3 opens at a port 4 of a target container 5, which serves to receive the wastewater. The target container 5 can be present, for example, as a rail vehicle side provided wastewater container. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that a sewer line between the target container 5 and another destination container is considered, which is arranged outside of the rail vehicle and is present as a shore-side suction device.

Der Abwasseranschluss 2 der Sanitärvorrichtung 1 liegt tiefer als ein Abschnitt der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 zum Anschluss 4 des Zielbehälters 5, so dass Abwasser entgegen der Einwirkung der Gravitationskraft zu fördern ist, und zwar typischer Weise mit Hilfe von Druckluft oder Vakuum.The sewer connection 2 of the sanitary device 1 is lower than a portion of the sewage pipeline 3 to the port 4 of the target container 5, so that waste water is to be conveyed against the action of gravitational force, typically by means of compressed air or vacuum.

Die Abwasserrohrleitung 3 verläuft von dem Anschluss 2 aus in Förderrichtung des Abwassers zunächst im Wesentlichen horizontal, ist im Anschluss daran schräg aufwärts angeordnet und mündet über einen Rohrbogen schräg abwärts im Bereich des Zielbehälters 5.The sewage pipeline 3 runs initially substantially horizontally from the connection 2 in the conveying direction of the wastewater, is then arranged obliquely upward therefrom and leads obliquely downwards in the region of the destination container 5 via a pipe bend.

Aufgrund der großen Länge der Abwasserrohrleitung 3, die insbesondere bei bestimmten Schienenfahrzeugtypen, wie Doppelstock- oder Schlafwagenfahrzeugen, vorkommen kann, liegt zu Ende eines Förderzyklus eine Benetzung der Abwasserrohrinnenseite mit Abwasser vor. Dieses Abwasser fließt nach Beendigung des Förderzyklus zum nächsten lokal tiefsten Punkt in der Abwasserrohrleitung abschnittsweise auch entgegen der Förderrichtung des Abwassers zurück in Richtung auf die Sanitärvorrichtung 2. Um einen solchen Rückfluss wirksam zu begrenzen, weist die Abwasserrohrleitung 3 eine Rückflusssperre 6 auf, die in Fließrichtung des Abwassers von einer Anhebung und einer nachfolgenden Absenkung des Verlaufs der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 gebildet wird. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht die Anhebung ca. dem Vierfachen eines Durchmessers der Abwasserrohrleitung 3. Die Rückflusssperre 6 bewirkt, dass sich nicht abgeführtes Abwasser aus dem Rohrleitungsbereich in Förderrichtung hinter der Rückflusssperre 6 im Bereich deren Absenkung sammelt. Dadurch wird vermieden, dass das nicht geförderte Abwasser noch weiter in Richtung auf die Sanitärvorrichtung 1 fließen kann. Es ist somit bei einem nachfolgenden Abwasserförderzyklus einfacher zum Zielbehälter 5 zu verbringen.Due to the great length of the sewage pipeline 3, which may occur in particular for certain types of rail vehicles, such as double-decker or sleeping-car vehicles, the end of a delivery cycle involves wetting of the sewage pipe inside with wastewater. This wastewater flows after completion of the delivery cycle to the next local lowest point in the sewage pipeline sections against the conveying direction of the waste water back towards the sanitary device 2. To effectively limit such reflux, the sewage pipe 3 has a reflux barrier 6, which in the flow direction of the waste water is formed by an increase and a subsequent lowering of the course of the sewage pipeline 3. In the illustrated embodiment, the increase corresponds to about four times a diameter of the sewage pipeline 3. The non-return valve 6 causes non-discharged wastewater from the pipeline area in the conveying direction behind the return flow barrier 6 in the region of their subsidence collects. This avoids that the non-pumped wastewater can flow even further towards the sanitary device 1. It is thus easier to spend at a subsequent sewage production cycle to the target container 5.

Zur Vermeidung von Frostschäden im Bereich der Absenkung der Rückflusssperre 6 ist in Strömungsrichtung des Abwassers unmittelbar hinter der Rückflusssperre 6 der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 benachbart eine Heizvorrichtung 7 vorgesehen. Diese Heizvorrichtung 7 ist dazu geeignet, den Bereich der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 mit Wärme zu beaufschlagen, in dem sich zurückfließendes Abwasser sammelt. Dadurch kann in dem Fall, wenn Frostschäden der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 zu befürchten sind, eine Eisbildung in der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 hinter der Rückflusssperre 6 vermieden werden.To avoid frost damage in the region of the lowering of the non-return valve 6, a heating device 7 is provided adjacent to the backflow barrier 6 of the sewage pipeline 3 in the flow direction of the wastewater. This heating device 7 is suitable for applying heat to the region of the wastewater pipeline 3 in which wastewater flowing back collects. As a result, in the case where frost damage to the sewage pipeline 3 is to be feared, ice formation in the sewage pipeline 3 behind the non-return valve 6 can be avoided.

Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Rückflusssperre 6 nicht notwendigerweise einen gleichbleibenden Rohrdurchmesser aufweisen muss. Vielmehr sind auch verschiedene Durchmesser über den Rohrbogen, welcher die Rückflusssperre 6 bildet, denkbar. Auch sind dreidimensionale Ausprägungen der Rückflusssperre 6 möglich. Bei Bedarf können noch mehrere Rückflusssperren entlang der Abwasserrohrleitung 3 vorgesehen sein.It should be noted that the non-return valve 6 does not necessarily have to have a constant pipe diameter. Rather, there are also different diameters about the pipe bend, which forms the return flow barrier 6, conceivable. Also, three-dimensional characteristics of the non-return valve 6 are possible. If required, several return flow barriers can be provided along the sewage pipeline 3.

Die Rückflusssperre 6 wird typischer Weise von mehreren Rohrbögen gebildet, so dass sie einfach aufbaubar ist.The backflow barrier 6 is typically formed by a plurality of pipe bends, so that it is easy to assemble.

Claims (5)

  1. Rail vehicle having a sanitary arrangement (1) at which waste water is produced, and having a waste water pipeline (3) between the sanitary arrangement (1) and a connector (4) for a target container (5) for receiving waste water, wherein a waste water connector (2) of the sanitary arrangement (1) is located lower than at least a portion of the waste water pipeline (3) to the target container (5) so that the waste water has to be conveyed through the waste water line (3) counter to the force of gravity,
    characterized in that
    the waste water pipeline (3) has at least one return flow barrier (6) which is arranged between the waste water connector (2) of the sanitary arrangement (1) and the portion of the waste water pipeline (3), starting from the waste water connector (2), the waste water pipeline (3) first of all extends substantially horizontally in the conveying direction of the waste water and then extends in an obliquely upward manner, and the return flow barrier (6) is arranged in a substantially horizontally extending portion of the waste water pipeline (3).
  2. Rail vehicle as claimed in Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the return flow barrier (6) is formed by a rise and a subsequent drop in the course of the waste water pipeline (3) .
  3. Rail vehicle as claimed in Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the rise amounts to at least one pipe diameter.
  4. Rail vehicle as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the return flow barrier (6) is formed by pipe bends.
  5. Rail vehicle as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    a portion of the waste water pipeline (3) that is located downstream of the return flow barrier (6) in the conveying direction of the waste water is designed to be heated.
EP20110156034 2010-03-18 2011-02-25 Railway vehicle with a sanitary device Not-in-force EP2371654B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010011881 DE102010011881A1 (en) 2010-03-18 2010-03-18 Rail vehicle with a sanitary device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2371654A2 EP2371654A2 (en) 2011-10-05
EP2371654A3 EP2371654A3 (en) 2013-01-16
EP2371654B1 true EP2371654B1 (en) 2014-06-25

Family

ID=44201997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110156034 Not-in-force EP2371654B1 (en) 2010-03-18 2011-02-25 Railway vehicle with a sanitary device

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US (1) US20110226349A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2371654B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010011881A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2493315T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU172949U1 (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-08-01 Открытое акционерное общество "Тверской вагоностроительный завод" (ОАО "ТВЗ") SANITARY-HYGIENIC EQUIPMENT OF TWO-STOREY PASSENGER CAR

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110226349A1 (en) 2011-09-22
EP2371654A2 (en) 2011-10-05
DE102010011881A1 (en) 2011-09-22
ES2493315T3 (en) 2014-09-11
EP2371654A3 (en) 2013-01-16

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