EP2371032A1 - Antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande - Google Patents
Antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bandeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2371032A1 EP2371032A1 EP09796702A EP09796702A EP2371032A1 EP 2371032 A1 EP2371032 A1 EP 2371032A1 EP 09796702 A EP09796702 A EP 09796702A EP 09796702 A EP09796702 A EP 09796702A EP 2371032 A1 EP2371032 A1 EP 2371032A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- plate
- antenna according
- plates
- broadband
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/04—Biconical horns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
- H01Q13/065—Waveguide mouths provided with a flange or a choke
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
Definitions
- the subject of the invention relates to a wideband omnidirectional antenna.
- the term "broadband” refers to frequency ranges varying, for example, from 100 to 3000 MHz.
- the antenna is transposable in frequency
- the antenna according to the invention can be used in other frequency bands for both transmitting and receiving applications.
- This antenna concept notably allows integration on different carriers of terrestrial, naval or airborne type. It is, for example, integrated on the roof of a mobile carrier such as a military or civilian vehicle.
- a first problem is to be able to cover a broad frequency band higher than the decade with the same radiating element.
- a second problem is to have a self-adapted antenna on this frequency band so as to be able to radiate emission powers of, for example, 100 and 500 W without risk of damage.
- a third technical problem is to optimize the orientation of the radiation pattern from the horizon downwards so as to ensure a radio coverage making the effective interference to the ground (or disturbance of a signal or signals by waves) and this on the entire band covered by the antenna. This must be obtained whatever the type of mobile carrier.
- a fourth technical problem concerns the discretion of the radiating elements when the frequency band starts at a few tens of MHz.
- the antenna system must not be identifiable and it must be dimensioned in such a way as to respect the mobile carrier's road gauge (minimization of height and width which is also taken into account).
- a fifth technical problem is to be able to optimize the decoupling between two antenna systems (transmission / reception) integrated on the same small carrier, so that these systems operate optimally.
- the antennas are generally located on the roof thereof.
- antennas Since the antennas are close to each other and in line of sight, during simultaneous use the transmission system disturbs the reception system (intermodulation, saturation phenomena, etc.) preventing it from operate with optimal performance.
- Different antennal structures are known to the Applicant, such as monopole type antennas, saber antennas, dipole type antennas, biconical or discone antennas, or antennas loaded with a resistor or an antenna. box of agreement.
- the antenna structure according to the invention makes it possible to solve at least one or more of the aforementioned problems.
- the antenna concept according to the present invention or so-called “capacitive” antenna consists in particular of 2 metal plates fed by a broadband exciter; concept that promotes radiation to the ground.
- the invention relates to a wideband open-guide antenna operating in a selected frequency range.
- the antenna has vertical linear polarization omnidirectional azimuth radio coverage. It is characterized in that it comprises at least the following elements:
- a first conductive plate having a length L1 and a width 11, of surface S1,
- a second conductive plate having a length L2 and a width 12, of surface S2,
- a broadband excitation (or exciter) means having an outer surface and a surface profile adapted to generate a linear vertical polarization electric field created between the two plates under the effect of a signal applied at a point of excitation of said antenna, said electric field thus generated propagating within a guiding structure formed by the upper plate, the lower plate and the broadband excitation means, said propagation of the field between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate generating the radiation.
- the conductive plates may be made of a metallic material.
- the broadband excitation means has, for example, a pseudo-conical form.
- the broadband exciter may consist of conductive facets such as metal facets, metallic (or metallized) fabric or metal rods.
- the shape of the broadband exciter also contributes to the self-adaptation of the antenna.
- the antenna comprises elements arranged at each end of the upper plate. These elements are intended, in particular, to improve the adaptation performance of said antenna at low frequencies.
- the upper plate having a square or rectangular shape, has cylinders arranged on its four sides. Cylinders or other elements make an angle of about 15e with the top plate.
- the antenna can accept or support on the second plate or upper plate an interception or communication antenna promoting decoupling between it and said antenna according to the invention.
- the antenna has been designed to accommodate different types of mobile carriers.
- the operating frequency can be between 100 and 3000 MHz, and independence from the carrier is proven from 300 MHz.
- the lower plate may be directly formed by the roof of a vehicle or by a conductive (or metallic) surface of a carrier.
- the antenna according to the invention may be used for transmitting antenna structures and reception in the HF, VHF or UHF bands.
- FIG. 1A a side view of the structure of the antenna according to the invention
- FIG. 1B a top view of the antenna structure, of FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1C a sectional view of the lower part of the exciter of the antenna
- FIG. 3 a vertical polarization radiation diagram drawn for different frequencies showing the omnidirectionality of the antenna according to the invention
- FIG. 4 various elevation and vertical polarization radiation patterns obtained for different frequency values in the plane perpendicular to the long side of the antenna
- the following description aims at a use for the emission of electromagnetic waves below the horizon (ie downwards) in the vertical plane and 360 ° azimuth in the horizontal plane for a frequency band between 30 and 3000 MHz integrable on a vehicle to achieve the protection of said vehicle. It offers, for example, an optimized orientation of a radiation pattern preferably directed between the horizon and the ground so as to ensure an area of jamming efficiency on the ground and that over the entire band covered by the antenna .
- the antenna according to the invention is intended to be positioned on a carrier P not shown for reasons of simplification.
- FIG. 1A depicts a side view of an antenna according to the invention consisting, for example, of a lower plate 1 designed with a conductive material such as a metal material having a length L1 of 2000mm for example and a width 11 of 1700 mm.
- This plate may be a planar or substantially planar metallic part of a carrier P.
- a second conductive plate which in this example corresponds to the upper plate 2 and having a length L2 in this example of 2400 mm and a width 12 of 2100 mm ( Figure 1 B) forms the upper plane of the antenna.
- the plate 1 forming the lower plane and the plate 2 forming the upper plane may have an identical surface.
- the ratio of the corresponding surfaces S1 and S2 is for example between 0.5 and 1 inclusive.
- the two plates may be made of the same metal material.
- the lower plate 1 and the upper plate 2 are spaced apart by a distance or gap E.
- the value of the spacing E between the two plates is chosen according to the minimum frequency of use.
- the spacing E may be less than the wavelength, corresponding to the minimum operating frequency, divided by 8.
- the larger the dimensions of the plates the smaller the spacing of the plates may be.
- the dimensions above are given for illustrative purposes. Indeed, the dimensions of the upper plane may be less than or equal to the dimensions of the lower plane according to the desired orientation of the radiation, to the ground, the horizon or the sky.
- the shape of the plates can be rectangular, circular, square, ovoid or polygonal complex depending on the surface acceptable by the wearer and the specification relating to the omnidirectionality of the radiation patterns.
- the dimensions of the upper metal plate (2) are not reduced to those of the broadband excitation means (3,5).
- the top plate has been dimensioned judiciously larger than the dimensions of the excitation means (3, 5) detailed below for several reasons:
- a broadband exciter 3 and 5 is arranged between the two plates 1, 2. It has the particular function of establishing an electric field E guided between the two planes and its outer wall S 3 .
- the exciter may consist of several conductive facets (metal, for example) 3i whose profile of their outer wall has been optimized to obtain a frequency band between 100 and 3000 MHz.
- the assembly of the various facets 3 ⁇ (for example, with symmetry of revolution), as well as their profile are chosen to ensure a progressive and omnidirectional transition of the electric field between an excitation point 4 disposed at the level of the lower plane 1 and the plane 2.
- the excitation point 4 is, for example, a conductive cylinder formed for example in a machined metal material, providing the mechanical and electrical interface between the core of the connector 1 1 ( Figure 1 C) and the exciter broadband 5 and 3.
- the facets 3i may be metallic, metal fabric or formed of metal rods.
- the facets 3i are, for example, connected using metal screws (or conductive). Any other fastener allowing electrical continuity between the two parts may be considered. It is also possible to use a mechanically welded technique.
- the various metal parts 3, 4 and 5 are, for example, screwed or nested with each other so as to ensure good mechanical strength and electrical continuity from the core of the connector 11 to the exciter junction - upper plate 2. Any other technique allowing an assembly ensuring on the one hand a mechanical strength and on the other hand an electrical continuity can be used.
- the combination of elements 3 and 5 forms the broadband exciter.
- the assembly has an outer surface Se and a surface profile Ps adapted to generate a linear vertical polarization electric field created between the two plates 1, 2, under the effect of a signal applied at a point of excitation of the antenna, said electric field propagating within a guiding structure formed by the upper plate, the lower plate and the excitation means.
- the metal cone 5 makes it possible to ensure the mechanical and electrical interface between the facets 3i and the excitation point 4. It is the propagation of the field between the two plates (1, 2) which generates the radiation preferentially directed towards the low.
- the exciter can take different forms and consist of one or more parts as long as this gradual transition is ensured between the two planes or the two plates.
- the progressive transition is defined in the context of the invention as a transition or mechanical profile progressive symmetry of revolution between the excitation point 4 and the upper plate 2 for very broadband impedance matching.
- the broadband excitation means generates, for example, a vertically polarized electric field.
- the broadband excitation means is, for example, adapted to create an electric field propagating between the two plates said antenna generating an omnidirectional radio radiation in azimuth oriented towards the ground and the horizon.
- facets to form the outer wall of the exciter offers advantages such as facilitating the assembly and manufacture of the system.
- the excitation of the facets 3i is provided by a conical metal cylinder 5 at the top of which is placed the excitation point 4 and at the base of which are fixed the metal facets 3i.
- This part 5 of the system is not necessarily conical, but can be of cylindrical, hemispherical, exponential or logarithmic profile, according to shapes and profiles known to those skilled in the art.
- the antenna structure according to the invention can be provided with metal cylinders 6 (or fins rectangular shape) arranged at the ends of the plates, for example, at the four corners of the upper metal plane. These fins can significantly increase the bandwidth to low frequencies.
- these cylinders measure 393 mm in length for a diameter of 40 mm. The presence and dimensions of these elements depend on the dimensions of the plates and the value of the spacing with respect to the frequency band to be covered.
- the cylinders for example, are inclined by approximately 15 ° with respect to the upper metal plane 2.
- the fins are added to improve the impedance matching at low frequencies if the metal plates are not large enough. They are inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal to optimize radiation and low band impedance matching. For larger angle values, the radiation patterns are degraded. For smaller angle values, the improvement in impedance matching at low frequencies is less pronounced.
- spacers 7 made of a resistant material such as branded Teflon trademark and marketed, are placed at the four corners of the lower metal plane and the upper metal plane, and in the center of the antenna a spacer 8.
- These spacers can be made in any type of material, preferably dielectric material of relatively low permittivity in order to disturb as little as possible the radiation emitted or received by the 'antenna.
- a support 9 of relative permittivity foam close to 1 was added around the cylinder for excitation. This element also makes it possible to keep a distance between the excitation point 4 and the top of the cylinder 5 constant or substantially constant.
- a device increasing the mechanical rigidity of the assembly 10 can be added.
- the excitation point 4 is connected on one side to a connector 1 1 N type to ensure the power and the other at the base 5 of the antenna.
- the device can be powered by any type of connector according to the intended application.
- the antenna can also accept or support an interceptor or communication antenna disposed on the upper plate 2 promoting decoupling them.
- Figure 2 shows the evolution of the losses due to antenna mismatch as a function of frequency in the 100 MHz - 3000 MHz band obtained in simulation and measurement. This figure shows a
- ROS ⁇ 2 1 over the entire band and thus highlights the broadband character of the structure.
- Figure 3 shows the evolution of the gains obtained taking into account the mismatch losses in the azimuthal plane between 100 and 3000 MHz. This figure highlights the omnidirectional nature of the antenna on the entire band considered.
- Figure 4 shows the evolution of elevation radiation patterns in the 100-3000 MHz band. This figure highlights the fact that the radiation is oriented preferentially towards the horizon and / or the ground.
- the wideband open-wave antenna described in the preceding figures can for example be used for antennas or antenna systems dedicated to jamming or radiocommunication applications in the high frequency bands HF, very high frequency VHF, or even ultra high frequency UHF.
- the broadband antenna according to the invention notably offers the following advantages:
- the radiation of the antenna is less sensitive to the nature of the carrier since the radio-frequency radiation is obtained from radiated guided waves,
- the antenna concept according to the invention allows the superposition of two transmitting / receiving antennas ensuring a good decoupling without the assembly is too large in height, • A lack of losses due to the resistive elements generally used in the antennary systems of the prior art, and indeed the possibility of radiating all of the power applied to the antenna.
Landscapes
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0807230A FR2940531B1 (fr) | 2008-12-19 | 2008-12-19 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande |
PCT/EP2009/067353 WO2010070019A1 (fr) | 2008-12-19 | 2009-12-16 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2371032A1 true EP2371032A1 (fr) | 2011-10-05 |
Family
ID=40691394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09796702A Withdrawn EP2371032A1 (fr) | 2008-12-19 | 2009-12-16 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2371032A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2940531B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010070019A1 (fr) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007071475A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Thales Italia S.P.A. - Land & Joint Systems Division | Antenne reconfigurable |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1542314A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Concept d' antenne monopole tridimensionnelle omnidirectionnelle pour des applications à bande ultra large |
US20060164307A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Innerwireless, Inc. | Low profile antenna |
FR2883671A1 (fr) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-29 | Groupe Ecoles Telecomm | Antenne ultra-large bande offrant une grande flexibilite de conception |
TWM290615U (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2006-05-11 | Smart Ant Telecom Co Ltd | Structure of antenna |
JP2010522498A (ja) * | 2007-03-23 | 2010-07-01 | クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド | 実質的に同じ特性を有する第1および第2の放射素子を含むアンテナ |
-
2008
- 2008-12-19 FR FR0807230A patent/FR2940531B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-12-16 EP EP09796702A patent/EP2371032A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-16 WO PCT/EP2009/067353 patent/WO2010070019A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007071475A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-28 | Thales Italia S.P.A. - Land & Joint Systems Division | Antenne reconfigurable |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2010070019A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010070019A1 (fr) | 2010-06-24 |
FR2940531A1 (fr) | 2010-06-25 |
FR2940531B1 (fr) | 2011-01-07 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20110628 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HIMDI, MOHAMED Inventor name: COLOMBEL, FRANCK Inventor name: PALUD, SEBASTIEN Inventor name: LE MEINS, CYRILLE |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180809 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20181220 |