EP2368418B1 - Device for aligning crops - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for raising stalks with at least one erecting tool arranged on a holding frame.

It is increasingly becoming a problem in modern agriculture that crops or stubble crops are turned over by machines and rolled into the soil during field operations. The problem concerns especially maize plants, but also all other types of stalks. Due to the ever heavier work and transport equipment used in agriculture, the tire widths of these vehicles have also been steadily increasing. By different track widths of self-propelled harvesters, tractors and trailers, which drive side by side, for example, during harvesting, considerable proportions of plant stubble can be flattened flat over the working width of the harvester of these vehicles. If the plant remains of the stalk remaining on the field, such as the stubble of maize plants, are to be reworked, for example by mulching or milling the stubble for destruction of pests such as the European corn borer, the planted or planted remnants can be removed from the processing tools the post-processing equipment can not be achieved, and the desired effects of the post-processing can no longer be achieved across the board.

According to a prevalent approach, the mulchers with their rotating tools to erect the Emtegutreste, but the work results are not satisfactory in reality. The processing tools of the mulchers have proven unsatisfactory as Aufrichtewerkzeug.

Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide a device with the folded or staggered in the ground stalk remnants can be set up again, so that they are accessible again for the tools of subsequent finishing equipment.

The object is achieved by the Aufrichtewerkzeug a rotatably mounted rotary body having a circular shape and is supported with its outer periphery on a bottom surface, and a number of attached to the rotary body, beyond the circumference of the Rotationsköpers protruding and distributed around the circumference of the rotary body tines wherein the longitudinal axes of the prongs are arranged in their over the outer circumference of the rotating body protruding portion in an angle of attack to the plane of rotation of the rotary body.

The tines are intended to initially sink at least partially into the ground during a forward movement of the device in the direction of travel in order to be able to undercut plant matter left deeper into the soil from below or at least from the side. The rotation body should not or only slightly sink into the ground, since no tillage should be performed. If the soil were loosened up too much, the stalk remnants would no longer be sufficient firmly anchored in the ground, to still be able to make a post-processing, such as a towing. If the body of revolution sinks too deep into the ground, the uniform rotational movement can even be disturbed. For this reason, the rotary body should have a certain minimum diameter, so that a sinking into the ground counteracting, sufficiently large support surface of the rotary body results. The larger the area of the circular arc that is in contact with the ground, the lower the rotational body sinks into the ground. Due to the circular shape of the rotating body, which is given in a spatial body in a cylindrical space shape, the rotating body can roll particularly well and evenly on the ground.

In particular, the rotary body serves the purpose of supporting the tines and of rotating them. This is quite possible if the rotary body is not actively driven itself, but passively rotates due to the forward movement of the device across a field. Due to the ground contact of the rotating body to the ground creates a frictional connection, by the rotational body is placed in a forward movement of the device in a rotating movement. Due to the pressed into the ground tines and possibly also slightly pressed into the ground rotational body there is also a certain positive connection of the rotating body with the ground, through which a rotational movement is supported. Of course, it is also possible to provide the rotary body with a drive.

Have reached the tips of the tines due to the rotational movement their greatest depth of penetration into the soil and they are lifted by the continued rotational movement back out of the ground, they also raise the lying in the effective range of the tines Halmgutreste and lift them out of the ground and / or from the ground up. Even when the tines leave the ground, they still affect the stalk remnants and lift them until they are laterally scraped off or the tines are moved up beyond the length of the stalk remnants. As a result, most of the stalk remnants captured by the prongs are again raised out of the ground and off the ground as a result of contact with the prongs, so that they can be reached again by downstream processing tools.

Due to the angle of attack, by which the longitudinal axes of the tines are employed in their section projecting beyond the outer circumference of the rotating body to the plane of rotation of the rotary body, a lateral offset into a free space results for the rotary body, in which there is no structural volume of the rotary body. In this free space, it is quite possible to raise straw remnants without them colliding with the rotating body.

On the work result of the device, it has only a small influence whether the protruding ends of the tines are aligned with their longitudinal axis in a direction of rotation of the body of revolution from exactly radial direction or slightly forward or trailing in the direction of rotation. In essence, the Zin ken effect only a punctual lateral perforation of the soil to under the straw to get. A crumbling of the soil or a depth effect is not achieved - it should be avoided if possible, in order to maintain the carrying capacity of the soil for any subsequent processing operations and to leave the Halmgutreste sufficiently firmly anchored in the ground.

The number of tines, which are mounted on a rotary body, depends on the diameter of the rotating body, the distance of the Halmgutreste to be erected each other and the length of the Halmgutreste to be erected. Too many tines carry the risk that the stalk remnants could be pushed into the ground more. If the number of tines is too low, too few of the crop residues run over by the device will be picked up and set up by the tines. For the erection of maize stubble have at a diameter of the rotating body of, for example, about 50 cm 8 - 12 distributed evenly distributed over the circumference arranged prongs. With a smaller diameter, fewer tines may be provided, and more tines if larger, as needed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the angle of incidence of the tines 30 ° to 60 ° to the plane of rotation and the tines protrude by a length of 3 cm to 8 cm beyond the outer periphery of the rotating body. In this embodiment, the prongs results in an advantageous lifting effect. If the angle of attack is too low, the tines can not grip and lift the stalk remainders sufficiently, and the stalk remnants slide off the tines at the side or are not caught at all. If the angle of attack is too great, the tines engage below it Halmgutreste no longer, but just push them deeper into the ground. In addition, the force increases too much to push the tines ever in the ground under the straw remnants can. If the tines are too long, they dig too much into the ground, and if they are too short, they will not reach the stalks left in the ground.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tines have a rounded surface. In particular, with a cylindrical shape of the tines, a good compromise between sufficient stability, resilience and durability of the tines, a small amount of force to push the tines in the ground and under the Halmgutreste, and a good casking and Aufrichtefunktion the tines the stalk remnants that can easily slide on the surface of a particular tine.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rotary body is designed as a disk on which the tines are placed. A disk-shaped body of revolution is easy, inexpensive to produce, sufficiently resilient and the tines are easily fastened to it. The disc may be flat or convex or concave curved. A double disc is possible in which the tines are arranged between the two discs. The disc can be designed as a steel, cast or plastic part.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the disc has stiffening elements. Since the disc is particularly mechanically stressed, especially in the areas in which the tines are connected to the disc, material thickening, gusset plates, supports, strips or the like may be present in these areas in order to absorb and distribute the loads acting on the tines in the disc over a larger area of the disc.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the axis of rotation of the disc at an angle of 10 ° to 60 ° in relation to the direction of travel of the device and / or employed at an angle of 10 ° to 45 ° to the horizontal.

The employment of the axis of rotation in relation to the direction of travel causes the disc receives a greater working and effect width. The tines penetrate into an area in the ground, which is laterally offset transversely to the direction of travel to the exit area. Through this transverse offset, it is possible to penetrate in an area with the tines in the ground, in which there are no Halmgutreste, and to create in the simultaneous forward and rotational movement of the disc a transverse offset of the tines in the ground, in which Halmgutreste undercut and at continued rotational movement can be raised. If you drive with a disc in which the axis of rotation is set at an angle to the direction of travel, along a Emtegutreihe along, as it results, for example, when drilling corn, it is possible to dive with the tines just next to the stubble row in the ground, Then, with the tip of the tine, to stub a stubble and then lift it out of the ground and set it upright.

By adjusting the axis of rotation relative to the horizontal more favorable force profiles in the tines or the disc can be achieved, or seen by the employment from the direction of travel elliptical trajectory of the tines flatter motion profiles of the tines are achieved by the advantageous lifting function can be achieved. A favorable force curve results, for example, in a pulling employment of the disc.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the disc in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and / or about the vertical axis and / or the axis of rotation of the disc in relation to the direction of travel and / or the horizontal adjustable mounted on the support frame. By adjusting in the longitudinal direction, the device can be adapted to the respective stalk crop and / or upstream or downstream tools. By a transverse adjustment, the device can be adapted to different row spacing of stalks planted in rows. By adjusting about the vertical axis, a suitable angle of attack of the disc can be adjusted in relation to the direction of travel.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the disc is associated with a stripping device. If a section of the disc rises from the ground, plant remains or soil may still adhere to the disc. As more and more material builds up on the disc, this can affect the overall function of the device. In order to prevent such a material structure, it is advantageous to provide a stripping device which strips off adhering substances on the surface of the disc. The stripping device may be in one place completely or partially extending over the radius of the disc to be arranged in close proximity to the disc, which results in a slightly trailing to the radial direction arrangement, a material-repellent component, is discharged through the material detached from the disc to the outside. The scraper may have a cross-sectional shape that tapers counter to the direction of rotation of the disc, so that it forms a kind of blade with a sharp leading edge.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the device has a Schleifkufe or a movable grinding body, such as a movable ball. The Schleifkufe represents a kind of depth limiter, through which too deep penetration of the tines and / or discs can be prevented in the ground. The Schleifkufe can be height adjustable, foldable and / or dismountable.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the disc is supported on the holding frame via a force storage element. A force storage element may be provided in different forms and for different purposes. In order to use the power storage function, it is advantageous if the disc is movably connected relative to the support frame with this. In a possible joint or hinge connection, a spring or a hydraulic cylinder can be arranged as an energy store away from the hinge or the hinge.

Thus, a force storage element may be provided, for example in the form of a mechanical spring, which serves as an overload protection. Act on the tines or one or more through the spring secured discs forces through which this could be damaged, the spring allows a deflection movement of the disc in excess of the intended force limits, are reduced by the acting force peaks.

Additionally or alternatively, however, the spring can also serve to realize a kind of bottom copying function for one or more panes. If the disk is set to a working height above the support frame, the disk could not follow the sinking floor level when passing through bottom depressions if rigidly connected to the support frame. However, if the disk is pressed onto the ground with a certain contact pressure on the ground with a corresponding height adjustment of the holding frame, the spring would still largely maintain the contact pressure on the disk when the disk passes through a bottom depression and the sinking ground level and the applied contact pressure following down dodges. Despite the evasive movement, the disc would still lift and lift stalk remnants from the ground in the depression, such as a lane. The device can also be used in uneven ground conditions with a good righting function.

Instead of or in addition to a mechanical spring, other force accumulators can also be used, such as, for example, a hydraulic cylinder acted upon by a hydraulic system and provided with suitable control, or sensor-controlled servo motors, even with an electric drive. As energy storage also form-elastic elements such as rubber blocks or gas bubbles can be used.

According to one embodiment of the invention a plurality of discs are arranged in a successive staggering in the direction of travel on the support frame. Thus, for example, two consecutive successive disks in succession lift a stalk crop twice, thereby improving the achieved work result. The staggering in the direction of travel can also provide a lateral offset of the individual stagger each other, for example, to achieve a greater working width of the device.

According to one embodiment of the invention a plurality of discs are arranged on the support frame and employed the axes of rotation of the discs in different directions to the direction of travel. By aligning the axes of rotation in different directions different lifting pulses are generated on the Halmgutreste, by which the working effect of the device can be improved. It is particularly possible, for example, in two successively staggered in the direction of travel and slightly offset from each other arranged discs whose axes of rotation are employed in different directions, for example, the one to the right and the other to the left to the direction of travel, create a aligned on a stubble row Aufrichtvorrichtung twice successively from opposite directions the Halmgutreste detects and raises. With such a device very good work results can be achieved.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the device in the front attachment together with a post-processing device in the front attachment with a side of the tractor arranged post-processing device, in side mounting together with a post-processing device or in the rear attachment together with a post-processing device attachable to a tractor. By one of these attachment options of the device to the tractor erected by the device Halmgutreste can be immediately reworked during a crossing, without being overrun again after straightening again by a vehicle and re-rolled into the ground. As finishing devices, for example, milling or mulching can be used. A repeated crossing of the field for post-processing of the erect stubble is no longer necessary.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the device in a device for stalk crop processing, for example, for Halmgutzerkleinerung such as a mowing device, a mulcher or a milling cutter integrated. Thanks to the integrated installation, it is also possible to erect and rework the straw remnants in just one passage across the field.

For the invention, it does not matter how the discs are arranged in relation to the holding frame. The discs can be held or pushed or pulled from above, depending on how this can be implemented in a particular application, depending on the environmental conditions.

Fig. 1:

eine Ansicht auf eine Vorrichtung mit einer einzigen Scheibe,

Fig. 2:

eine Ansicht auf eine Vorrichtung mit zwei Scheiben,

Fig. 3:

eine Ansicht einer Vorrichtung mit einem Kraftspeicherelement,

Fig. 4:

eine Vorrichtung mit einer Scheibenanordnung für drei Halmgutreihen, und

Fig. 5:

eine Scheibenanordnung für drei Halmgutreihen mit einer Federung für jede Reihe.

It is expressly pointed out that the advantageous embodiments described above can be combined with each other with the features of the main claim, but also in any combination with each other. Further modifications and preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following objective description and the drawings. The invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a view of a device with a single disc,

Fig. 2:

a view of a device with two discs,

3:

a view of a device with a force storage element,

4:

a device with a disc arrangement for three Halmgutreihen, and

Fig. 5:

a disc arrangement for three rows of stalks with a suspension for each row.

In Fig. 1 an example of a device 2 according to the invention with a holding frame 4 is shown. With the holding frame 4, a disc 8 is connected, which has a number of prongs 6, which protrude beyond the outer periphery 10 of the disc 8. The disc 8 is used in the embodiment as an embodiment for a rotary body. Of course, other shapes of bodies of revolution may be used.

The disc 8 has an axis of rotation 12. When the device 2 is moved in the direction of travel F, the disc 8 rotates about the axis of rotation 12 in the direction of rotation R, when the tines 6 and possibly also the disc 8 contact the ground, passive with.

As a result of the rotational movement of the disc 8 touch all tines 6 in the course of a full turn first at one point the ground, then with continued rotation and the same distance of the disc 8 to the ground deeper into the ground under the plant remains pushed until the corresponding mounting position of this Zinkens 6 on the disc 8 reaches the lowest point during one revolution, in order then to be pulled out of the ground again because of the then upward rotational movement of the disc 8 and to move away from the ground.

In Fig. 1 It can be seen that the longitudinal axis 14 of the tines 6 with the portion 18 with which the tines 6 project beyond the outer periphery of the disc 8, are arranged by the angle of attack 16 to the plane of rotation of the disc 8. This results in a lateral offset 20 of the tips of the sections 18 to the plane of rotation of the disc 8. In this offset space into the tines 6 can lift a Halmgutrest during a rotational movement and upright. The tines 6 have in the embodiment in section 18 a cylindrical shape with a circumferentially rounded surface.

In Fig. 1 a stripper device 22 is indicated, which extends on one side of the disc 8 across its radius. Sticks material at a rotational movement of the disc 8 material on the surface, it inevitably collides with the scraper 22 and is peeled off from the surface of the disc 8. The surface of the disc 8 thus remains free of adhesions. It is also in Fig. 1 shown the Schleifkufe 23 over which the device 2 can be supported at least with a portion of the weight on the ground and the disc 8 is relieved by this amount. The Schleifkufe 23 can be made adjustable in height or folding, in order to better adapt to the particular conditions of use can.

In Fig. 1 It can be seen that the axis of rotation 12 of the disc 8 is employed both at an angle WF to the direction of travel F and at an angle WW to the horizontal and at an angle WH to the vertical axis. The respective angular positions are made possible by the joint 24. The joint 24 may optionally be configured adjustable. Also, a height adjustment is possible, as indicated by the double arrow.

On the support frame 4 also a clamping device 26 can be seen, with which the disc 8 is fixed to a cross member 28 of the support frame 4. If one loosens the clamping device, the disc 8 can be moved to the left and right along the cross member 28 transverse to the direction of travel F.

In Fig. 2 a device with two discs 8 is shown, the staggered one behind the other in the direction of travel F and laterally offset slightly laterally in the transverse direction are. While the front in the direction of travel of the two discs 8 is set with its leading edge to the right at an angle WF to the direction of travel F, the rear disc 8 is employed with its leading edge to the left at an angle WF to the direction of travel F hired. If this device 2 is moved along a stubble row so that the stubble row runs exactly between the two discs 8, the stubble of this stubble row is raised in succession by the prongs 6 of both discs 8.

Since the clamping device 26, with the rear disc 8 is fixed to the support frame 4, engages a side member which extends in the direction of travel F, the rear disc 8 can be adjusted after the release of the clamping device 26 in the longitudinal direction.

In Fig. 3 is arranged between the cross member 28 and the frame-side receptacle 34 for the two discs 8, a spring 32 as an embodiment of a force storage element. Are the two discs 8 with its outer periphery 10 in contact with the ground, and the cross member 28 is pressed, for example, a tractor-side 3-point suspension down, the relative position of the cross member 28 and the receptacle 34 to each other, and the acting Forces are stored in the spring 32. If there is a possibility for the discs 8 to move downwards, as for example in a bottom recess, then the discs 8 are pressed into the bottom depression by the forces stored in the spring 32. In the same way, the spring 32 but also allows an evasive upward movement when the cross member 28 at an equal distance to Soil remains, but a bottom raise the discs 8 pushes up. These forces are absorbed in the spring 32, and the restoring forces built there bring the discs 8 back to their original position when the forces from the soil survey omitted.

In Fig. 4 a device 2 is shown in which on the cross member 28, three pairs of discs 8 are fixed, with the same time three Halmgutreihen 30 can be raised. In this embodiment, the front discs 8 are attached directly to the cross member 28, while the rear discs 8 are each secured to a side member.

In Fig. 5 an embodiment of the device 2 is shown, in which also three pairs of discs 8 are fixed to a cross member, however, each of the pairs has its own receptacle 34 which is connected in each case via a spring 32 to the cross member 28. In this way, each of the pairs can adjust in its relative height to the cross member 28 individually to the respective acting soil conditions. Thus, over the entire working width of the device 2, an optimal adaptation to the ground contour is possible.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which serve only as an example of the description of the invention. It is not difficult for the person skilled in the art to adapt the above-described exemplary embodiments to a specific application which he considers suitable for a specific application by corresponding changes.

Claims (14)

1. Arrangement (2) for erecting stalked crops, having at least one erecting tool arranged on a supporting frame (4), characterised in that the erecting tool has a rotatably mounted body of revolution which is circular in shape, which can be supported on a ground surface by its outer circumference (10) and which has a plurality of tines (6) which are fastened to the body of revolution, which project beyond the circumference of the body of revolution and which are distributed around the circumference of the body of revolution, those portions (18) of the longitudinal axes of the tines (6) which project beyond the outer circumference (10) of the body of revolution being arranged at a positioned angle to the plane of revolution of the body of revolution.
2. Arrangement (2) according to claim 1, characterised in that the positioned angle of the tines (6) is 30° to 60° to the plane of revolution and the tines (6) project beyond the outer circumference (10) of the body of revolution for a length of 3 cm to 8 cm.
3. Arrangement (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tines (6) have a rounded surface.
4. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the body of revolution takes the form of a disc (8) to which the tines (6) are fitted.
5. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the disc (8) has stiffening members.
6. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the axis of revolution (12) of the disc (8) is positioned at an angle of 10° to 60° to the direction of travel (F) of the arrangement (2) and/or at an angle of 10° to 45° to the horizontal.
7. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the disc (8) is fastened to the supporting frame (4) in such a way as to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and/or about the overall vertical axis and/or the axis of revolution (12) of the disc (8), relative to the direction of travel (F) and/or the horizontal.
8. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the disc (8) has a wiper device (22) associated with it.
9. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the arrangement (2) has a sliding skid and/or a movable sliding body.
10. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the disc (8) is supported on the supporting frame (4) by means of a member for storing force (22).
11. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of discs (8) are arranged on the supporting frame (4) in a successive staggered arrangement in the direction of travel (F).
12. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of discs (8) are arranged on the supporting frame (4) and the axes of revolution (12) of the discs (8) are positioned in different directions relative to the direction of travel (F).
13. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the arrangement (2) can be mounted on a tractor by front mounting together with a post-processing unit, by front mounting together with a post-processing unit laterally arranged on the tractor, by side mounting together with a post-processing unit, or by rear mounting together with a post-processing unit.
14. Arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the arrangement (2) is incorporated in a unit for doing work on stalked crops.

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