EP2366887B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2366887B1
EP2366887B1 EP20110153203 EP11153203A EP2366887B1 EP 2366887 B1 EP2366887 B1 EP 2366887B1 EP 20110153203 EP20110153203 EP 20110153203 EP 11153203 A EP11153203 A EP 11153203A EP 2366887 B1 EP2366887 B1 EP 2366887B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching valve
sealing
fuel injector
closing element
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110153203
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2366887A1 (fr
Inventor
Henning Kreschel
Andreas Rau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2366887A1 publication Critical patent/EP2366887A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2366887B1 publication Critical patent/EP2366887B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injector has a housing part, in which a actuatable by means of a piezoelectric actuator switching valve is received with a liftable closing element.
  • the closing element is designed sleeve-shaped for forming a switching valve chamber and for at least partially receiving a stationary sealing body and has a first sealing contour, which cooperates with a formed on the stationary sealing body second sealing contour as a valve seat.
  • a generic fuel injector is from the published patent application DE 10 2006 049 831 A1 out.
  • the fuel injector described herein has a switching valve and a multi-part piezoelectric actuator for actuating the switching valve.
  • the switching valve comprises a sleeve-shaped valve element and a stationary piston, which is accommodated in the valve element. Between the stationary piston and the valve element, a switching valve chamber is formed, which is hydraulically connected via a flow channel and an outlet throttle with a control chamber.
  • the drainage channel is passed through the stationary piston and opens via lateral bores in the switching valve space enclosed by the sleeve-shaped valve element.
  • a first sealing contour formed on the valve element which cooperates with a second sealing contour formed on the stationary piston, forms a valve seat closing the switching valve chamber.
  • the switching valve is designed to be largely pressure balanced by the recorded in the valve element guide diameter of the stationary piston is chosen equal to the diameter in the region of its sealing contour. In the closed position of the switching valve, therefore, substantially only radial forces act on the valve element. This leads to a reduction of the force required to actuate the switching valve, so that the force of the piezoelectric actuator can be reduced.
  • the present multipart piezoelectric actuator is arranged such that it or a piezoelectric actuator receiving carrier body surrounds the valve element. As a result, a fuel injector which is compact in the axial direction is created. Furthermore, the known fuel injector is characterized by a small switching valve chamber volume. A small volume ensures a rapid increase in pressure in the switching valve chamber and therefore fast switching times.
  • fuel injectors with switching valves are also known from the prior art, which are additionally connected via bypass bores or Gudrosseln to a high-pressure supply.
  • additional drilling increases the production cost and thus the cost of a fuel injector.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to improve a fuel injector of the type mentioned above in such a way that it has a minimized switching valve chamber volume in order to further improve the efficiency. Furthermore, a substantially pressure-balanced design of the switching valve should be feasible.
  • the Augabe is achieved by a fuel injector having the features of claim 1.
  • Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
  • a sealing sleeve for radially delimiting the switching valve space, which is accommodated at least partially in the sleeve-shaped closing element and axially biased by a compression spring against a throttle plate.
  • the sealing sleeve thus ensures the sealing of the switching valve chamber with respect to the throttle plate and the drainage channel formed therein or the outlet throttle formed therein.
  • the outflowing fuel passes through the outlet throttle and limited to the throttle plate flow channel directly into the switching valve chamber, so that costly guided by a stationary sealing body bores, which also represent an additional volume to be filled, can be omitted.
  • the sealing sleeve accommodated in the sleeve-shaped closing element serves as a filling body, by means of which the volume of the switching valve space is further reduced.
  • the sealing sleeve allows a largely pressure-balanced design of the switching valve. Because the sealing sleeve accommodated in the closing element prevents that in the closed position of the switching valve, the end faces of the closing element are acted upon by an axial force. By a cylindrical inner contour of the closing element can also be ensured that only radial forces acting on the closing element. In addition, the inner contour of the closing element can deliberately also be designed such that a pressure step is formed in the form of a radially extending shoulder.
  • the sealing sleeve is provided for sealing engagement with the throttle plate with a biting edge.
  • the biting edge improves due to their annular sealing contour the sealing seat of the sealing sleeve relative to the throttle plate.
  • the biting edge is formed in the region of the inner diameter of the sealing sleeve. This has the advantage that the throttle plate facing the end face of the sealing sleeve is not acted upon by high pressure and exerts a compressive force on the sealing sleeve, which counteracts a sealing engagement with the throttle plate.
  • the sealing sleeve is to be subjected to a compressive force which acts in the direction of the throttle plate
  • the end face opposite the biting edge can be subjected to high pressure and thus used as a pressure stage.
  • the training a pressure stage in the form of a radially extending paragraph possible. Due to the additionally acting on the sealing sleeve pressure force in the direction of the throttle plate, accordingly, the spring force of the sealing sleeve bauf profden compression spring can be reduced.
  • the sleeve-shaped closing element is axially biased by means of a compression spring against the sealing body.
  • the spring force of this compression spring can be reduced if a pressure stage in the form of a radially extending shoulder is formed on the closing element.
  • the compression spring is arranged outside the switching valve chamber in order to keep the volume of the switching valve space as small as possible.
  • compression spring may be formed as a helical spring, plate spring or corrugated spring washer.
  • the latter require compared to a coil spring a smaller axial space, which in turn allows a reduction of the switching valve chamber volume.
  • the piezoelectric actuator for actuating the switching valve via a plate and a plurality of pin-shaped transmission elements with the closing element is operatively connected.
  • the bolt-shaped transmission elements are arranged on the plate preferably along a circular line at the same angular distance from each other, wherein the diameter of the circular line is matched to the outer diameter of the closing element, that abut the bolt-shaped transmission elements on an annular end face of the closing element. The force and the stroke of the actuator is thus transmitted via the plate and the transmission elements to the closing element.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is arranged outside the housing part and the transmission elements are guided through bores of the housing part, which also serve the hydraulic connection of the switching valve chamber with a return. Due to the dual function provided in the housing part Drilling the design and thus the manufacture of the injector is simplified. The arrangement of the piezoelectric actuator outside of the switching valve receiving housing part simplifies a possibly desired sealing of the actuator relative to the fuel. In addition, the electrical connection of the piezoelectric actuator is facilitated because the leading to the actuator electrical connection cables do not have to be passed through several housing parts.
  • the valve seat of the switching valve can be designed as a conical-cone seat or as a ball-and-cone seat.
  • the sealing contours formed on the closing element and the sealing body are designed.
  • the liftable closing element preferably has an at least partially conical or spherical inner contour for forming the sealing contour.
  • the stationary sealing body preferably has an at least partially conical or spherical outer contour for forming the sealing contour.
  • the stationary sealing body moreover has a piston-shaped section projecting into the switching valve chamber.
  • the piston-shaped gate projecting into the switching valve chamber can cause a significant reduction of the switching valve chamber volume.
  • the piston-shaped section thus also serves as a filling body, which limits the switching valve chamber volume to an annular space.
  • the stationary sealing body is formed integrally with the switching valve receiving housing part. Due to the one-piece design, the manufacturing or assembly costs can be reduced.
  • switching valve 2 comprises a sleeve-shaped closing element 3, which is mounted to a stationary sealing body 5, which is at least partially received in the sleeve-shaped closing element 3, liftable.
  • a formed on the closing element 3 first sealing contour 6 cooperates with a second sealing contour 7, which is formed on the stationary sealing body 5.
  • the first sealing contour 6 and the second sealing contour 7 thus form a valve seat 8.
  • the switching valve 2 further comprises a sealing sleeve 9 which rests sealingly on a throttle plate 11 via a biting edge 12.
  • the sealing sleeve 9 is received in the sleeve-shaped closing element 3, so that a switching valve space 4 formed inside the closing element 3 undergoes a reduction.
  • a compression spring 10 in the form of a helical spring, the sealing sleeve 9 is axially biased relative to the throttle plate 11.
  • the compression spring 10 is for this purpose supported on the one hand on the sealing sleeve 9, on the other hand on the stationary sealing body 5.
  • a formed on the sealing sleeve 9 radial shoulder serves the compression spring 10 as a support surface. At the same time, the radial shoulder forms a pressure stage 23 subjected to high pressure, which causes an additional contact force of the sealing sleeve 9 with respect to the throttle plate 11.
  • Another compression stage 22 in the form of a radial shoulder is formed on the sleeve-shaped closing element 3.
  • the closing element 3 is acted upon in the closing direction with an additional pressure force.
  • the spring force of a closing element 3 acting in the closing direction compression spring 13 may be formed, which is arranged in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral side and is supported on the one hand on a radially extending shoulder of the closing element 3 and on the other hand on the throttle plate 11.
  • the outer peripheral side arrangement of the compression spring 13 allows a reduction in the diameter of the sealing sleeve 9 and the closing element 3, so that the volume of the switching valve chamber 4 is reduced.
  • a piezoelectric actuator 14 arranged in a holding body 19 is provided which is operatively connected to the closing element 3 of the switching valve 2 via a plate 15 and a plurality of bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 arranged thereon. Due to the arrangement of the piezoelectric actuator 14 in a separate housing part 1 holes 17 are provided in the housing part, through which the bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 can be brought up to the closing element 3.
  • the holes 17 are arranged along a circular line at the same angular distance from each other, wherein the diameter of the circular line is matched to the diameter of the sleeve-shaped closing element 3 such that the guided through the holes 17 bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 rest against an annular end face of the closing element 3.
  • the inner diameter of the holes 17 are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 selected so that the switching valve chamber 4 via the holes 17 at the same time with a formed in the holding body 19 return 18 is hydraulically connected.
  • the housing part 1 also forms the stationary sealing body 5. This means that the stationary sealing body 5 is integrally formed on the housing part 1.
  • the operation of the fuel injector is as follows: To open the switching valve 2, the piezoelectric actuator 14 is energized, which expands due to the energization. In this case, the piezoelectric actuator 14 moves the plate 15 including the bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 in the direction of the throttle plate 11th the direct contact of the bolt-shaped transmission elements 16 with the sleeve-shaped closing element 3, this is also moved against the pressure force of the compression spring 13 in the direction of the throttle plate 11, wherein the closing element 3 lifts off from the valve seat 8 and the switching valve 2 opens. Fuel located in the switching valve chamber 4 can now flow, via the sealing contours 6, 7, to the bores 17 and thus to the return 18. About the annular in the region of the valve seat 8 Abström resonance the outflowing fuel or Abgresmenge radially outward of the holes 17 is supplied. Such a flow path has advantages, which will be explained in more detail in connection with a subsequent embodiment.
  • the fuel flowing out of the switching valve chamber 4 causes a pressure drop, which likewise sets in a control chamber (not shown) hydraulically connected to the switching valve chamber 4.
  • a control chamber (not shown) hydraulically connected to the switching valve chamber 4.
  • a flow channel 20 with an outlet throttle 21 is provided in the throttle plate 11.
  • the pressure relief in the control chamber allows an opening stroke of a nozzle needle (not shown) through which at least one injection port (not shown) of the fuel injector is released.
  • the inventively provided small switching valve volume of the switching valve 2 By the inventively provided small switching valve volume of the switching valve 2, a rapid increase in pressure can be effected with the switching valve 2 closed.
  • the fuel injector is characterized by short switching times.
  • the control amount is reduced due to the small switching valve volume, which in turn leads to an improvement in the efficiency. Since a faster increase in pressure is guaranteed, additional Bypass bores or filling throttles to shorten the filling time are eliminated. This measure in turn also leads to a reduction in the amount of tax.
  • FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention differs from that of FIG. 1 essentially in that the sleeve-shaped closing element 3 has no pressure step 22 formed as radial paragraph.
  • the inner contour of the sleeve-shaped closing element 3 is cylindrical up to the sealing contour 6, so that in the closed position of the switching valve 2 the closing element 3 is acted upon by the fuel present in the switching valve space 4 with a pressure force acting only in the radial direction.
  • the switching valve 2 is thus substantially pressure-balanced.
  • the embodiment of the switching valve 2 as a pressure-balanced valve reduces the power requirement for actuating the switching valve 2.
  • the reduction of the power requirement can be used to use a piezoelectric actuator 14 of lesser size, to reduce the energy requirement of the piezoelectric actuator 14 or to increase the dynamics of the piezoelectric actuator 14. At the same time low switching times can be effected.
  • FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention is in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 3 in turn, a pressure step 22 formed on the inner contour of the sleeve-shaped closing element 3, on which at the same time the compression spring 10 is supported, by means of which the sealing sleeve 9 is held in contact with the throttle plate 11.
  • the present embodiment makes an additional compression spring 13 dispensable, so that the switching valve 2 is very compact especially in the radial direction.
  • the compression spring 10 is in the present case designed as a corrugated spring washer, which is supported on the one hand on the compression stage 22 of the closing element 3 and on the other hand on an annular end face of the sealing sleeve 9.
  • the sealing sleeve 9 also has no serving as a pressure stage 23 radial shoulder, since the ringfömige face replaces a pressure stage 23.
  • the embodiment of the FIG. 3 is characterized by a reduced number of components and a simplification of the component shapes.
  • FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention differs from that of FIG. 1 essentially by that the stationary sealing body 5 has a piston-shaped portion 24, which projects into the switching valve chamber 4 such that it undergoes a significant reduction in its volume. A substantial part of the volume of the switching valve chamber 4 is reduced to an annular space surrounding the piston-shaped section 24.
  • the fuel present in the switching valve chamber 4 is fed via the annular space to the bores 17 which hydraulically connect the switching valve chamber 4 with the return flow 18 formed in the holding body 19.
  • For the proposed flow path of the fuel allows only the formation of a centrally projecting into the switching valve chamber 4 piston-shaped portion 24 of the stationary sealing body 5 as a packing, which leads to a minimization of the volume.
  • FIG. 5 shown further embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention differs from that in the FIG. 1 essentially only in that the inner contour of the sleeve-shaped closing element 3 is designed to form the sealing contour 6 at least partially spherical.
  • the valve seat 8 is thus formed as a ball-and-cone seat.
  • the in the FIG. 5 shown valve seat geometry is selected only by way of example.
  • the closing element 3 may be formed on the stationary sealing body 5, an at least partially spährisch extending outer contour to form the sealing contour 7.
  • other seat geometries by appropriate design of the inner or outer contour on the closing element 3 and the sealing body 5 are possible.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 illustrated concrete embodiments have features that are arbitrarily combinable or interchangeable, so that a variety of other embodiments of a fuel injector according to the invention are feasible, as far as they fall under the subject of claim 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Injecteur de carburant comprenant une partie de boîtier (1) dans laquelle est reçue une soupape de commutation (2) pouvant être actionnée au moyen d'un actionneur piézoélectrique (14), comprenant un élément de fermeture à course de déplacement (3), l'élément de fermeture (3) étant réalisé en forme de douille pour constituer un espace de soupape de commutation (4) et pour recevoir au moins en partie un corps d'étanchéité stationnaire (5) et possédant un premier contour d'étanchéité (6) qui coopère avec un deuxième contour d'étanchéité (7) en tant que siège de soupape (8) réalisé sur le corps d'étanchéité stationnaire (5),
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu en outre une douille d'étanchéité (9) pour la limitation radiale de l'espace de soupape de commutation (4), laquelle est reçue au moins partiellement dans l'élément de fermeture (3) réalisé en forme de douille et est précontrainte axialement au moyen d'un ressort de compression (10) par rapport à une plaque d'étranglement (11).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que pour l'application étanche contre la plaque d'étranglement (11), la douille d'étanchéité (9) est pourvue d'une arête d'attaque (10) qui est de préférence réalisée dans la région du diamètre intérieur de la douille d'étanchéité (9).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (3) réalisé en forme de douille est précontraint axialement au moyen d'un ressort de compression (10, 13) par rapport au corps d'étanchéité (5), le ressort de compression (13) étant de préférence disposé à l'extérieur de l'espace de soupape de commutation (4).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur piézoélectrique (14) est en liaison fonctionnelle avec l'élément de fermeture (3) pour l'actionnement de la soupape de commutation (2) par le biais d'une plaque (15) et de plusieurs éléments de transfert en forme de boulons (16).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur piézoélectrique (14) est disposé à l'extérieur de la partie de boîtier (1) et les éléments de transfert (16) sont guidés à travers des alésages (17) de la partie de boîtier (1) qui servent en même temps à la liaison hydraulique de l'espace de soupape de commutation (4) avec une conduite de retour (18).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (3) à course de déplacement possède, pour former le contour d'étanchéité (6), un contour intérieur s'étendant au moins en partie sous forme conique ou sphérique.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps d'étanchéité stationnaire (5) possède, pour former le contour d'étanchéité (7), un contour extérieur s'étendant au moins en partie sous forme conique ou sphérique.
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'étanchéité stationnaire (5) possède une portion (24) en forme de piston pénétrant dans l'espace de soupape de commutation (4).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps d'étanchéité stationnaire (5) est réalisé d'une seule pièce avec la partie de boîtier (1) recevant la soupape de commutation (2).
EP20110153203 2010-03-08 2011-02-03 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP2366887B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010002639 DE102010002639A1 (de) 2010-03-08 2010-03-08 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2366887A1 EP2366887A1 (fr) 2011-09-21
EP2366887B1 true EP2366887B1 (fr) 2014-10-22

Family

ID=43923759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110153203 Not-in-force EP2366887B1 (fr) 2010-03-08 2011-02-03 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2366887B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010002639A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006049831A1 (de) 2006-10-23 2008-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Piezoaktor
DE102006055555A1 (de) * 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit Piezoaktor
DE102006056840A1 (de) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010002639A1 (de) 2011-09-08
EP2366887A1 (fr) 2011-09-21

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