EP2358473B1 - Device for reducing and decomposing - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for crushing and breaking up of electronic scrap, refrigerators, vehicle tires, shredder fractions, automotive parts, mixed plastic parts, metal, profile and composite materials and the like., Having a container with driven impact tools for acting on the material to be crushed.

The present invention is concerned with the digestion of materials to be recycled and reprocessed. For this purpose and because of the resulting necessary separation of the individual substances, the resulting material must be crushed, which is carried out by the device of the type mentioned by mechanical means.

From the FR 331 325 A and the DE 147829 C Similarly, a generic device is known which comprises a container, a rotatably mounted in the container and driven hub and attached to the hub impact tools for acting on the material to be shredded, the percussion ropes and attached to the ropes impact member for acting on the have shredding good.

At one of the DE 10322624 B4 known disruption device chains are used as impact tools, which act directly on the material to be crushed when they are offset by the hub in rotational or centrifugal movements about the hub axle. That with such Aufschlusseinrichtung achieved result depends on the type of chain used, and since only certain chains can be attached to the hub, the known Aufschlusseinrichtung can not be optimally adapted to the resulting Good.

Devices for processing components from mixtures of substances are also known (US Pat. DE 10 2005 021 503 A1 ), in which a rotationally driven hub is used, to which a disc-shaped rotor is attached, which is now in turn provided with a number of baffles. Since the rotor operates inside a closed housing, it could cause problems with very bulky goods to be processed, because the drive could be overloaded, blocked or even fails

Devices for processing components from mixtures of substances are also known (US Pat. DE 10 2005 055 620 A1 ), in which on the rotor pivotable, but rigid baffles are attached, which act on the material to be processed and due to the pivotal attachment to the rotor reduce the blocking of the drive in bulky Good, but can not completely avoid.

The object of the present invention is to provide an impact tool for a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which can be optimized for simple comminution operations for use in comminuting quite different objects.

This is achieved with a device for shredding and breaking up electronic scrap, refrigerators, vehicle tires, shredder fractions, automobile parts, mixed plastic parts, metal, tread and composite materials and the like, with a container, a hub rotatably mounted and driven in the container and on the hub fastened impact tools for acting on the material to be shredded, wherein the impact tools have ropes and at least one attached to the ropes impact member for acting on the material to be reduced, characterized in that at the hub a plurality of ropes are arranged one above the other and adjacent portions of the plurality of cables together carry at least one baffle and connected by this.

In the embodiment of a crushing device according to the invention, the functions of the impact tool are taken over by impact parts, which can be attached to the cables in any shape and can have the desired shape and shape, which matches the shape and shape of the resulting material to shred this efficiently.

A rope has a significant advantage in that in the event that a particularly bulky object is to be crushed, it can not come to the dreaded blocking or overloading of the drive, as a thrown around the axis rope in a surrounding housing due to lack of inherent strength Way finds. It is the use of steel, but also of other wear-resistant materials for the ropes in question.

On the other hand, baffle parts can be easily attached to a rope in a different configuration, so that depending on the resulting good the most effective impact tool can be used. In this case, in particular, the position of the baffle member on the rope with respect to the axis of rotation of the hub can be optimally adjusted because the baffle parts can be releasably secured to the rope. In this context, conventional clamping and / or screw can be used.

In the present invention, a plurality of ropes are stacked on the hub so that the crushing effect can be further enhanced.

The impact parts used can be composed according to embodiments of the invention as rods or plates of at least two parts and on its outer surface cylindrical, spherical, curved, flat, flat, edged, square or with grooves, grooves, grooves, Noppenvorsprüngen or depressions.

There are many ways to design the impact parts, which essentially depends on the type, shape and composition of the material to be shredded.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the efficiency of the comminution process is increased by an above the bottom of the container arranged intermediate bottom, wherein the intermediate bottom of the bottom of the container according to another hub and other impact tools are assigned. An opening in the intermediate bottom ensures the transition already crushed Material in the lower area and this is there edited again by the striking tools.

In the dual embodiment with two impact tools, it is possible to drive each of the hubs for themselves or to provide a common drive. A single drive leads to lower investment costs, while two drives increase the possibilities for optimal comminution of the special material.

In one embodiment of the invention deflecting and impact parts can be provided on the inner wall of the container to act in this manner on the material to be crushed. As a result, a certain direction of flight can be given to the material to be comminuted and already comminuted, so that the already comminuted material is again directed towards the impact tools.

The ropes used in the device according to the invention can be formed from twisted or stranded metal wires.

The use of ropes for the intended purpose is associated with lower investment costs. On the other hand, the baffles in the desired type and quantity can be easily attached to the ropes, which can be achieved by simple means by screwing and jamming.

The particular advantage of the invention is based on the use of flexible ropes, so that massive contaminants and non-divisible components, without causing damage, can be edited.

It is also possible according to the invention, to make the hub in height with respect to the ground adjustable, z. B. pass through a hydraulic device and the hub through the ground. Also, the floor can be aligned substantially horizontally.

Fig. 1

ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht der ersten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses entfernt worden ist,

Fig. 2

ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses entfernt worden ist,

Fig. 3.

ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht der dritten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses entfernt worden ist,

Fig. 4

ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht der vierten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses entfernt worden ist,

Fig. 5

ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht der fünften Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses entfernt worden ist, und

Fig. 6 und 7

zeigen schaubildliche Ansichten von Prallteilen für die Vorrich-tungen gemäß der Erfindung.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawing, for example.

Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

Fig. 2

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

Fig. 3.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the device according to the invention, with part of the housing removed;

Fig. 4

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention, with part of the housing removed;

Fig. 5

is a perspective view of the fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein a part of the housing has been removed, and

6 and 7

show perspective views of baffles for the Vorrich-devices according to the invention.

In the figures, the container of a device according to the invention has been designated 10. In the embodiment according to Fig. 1 the container 10 is cylindrical, which also for the embodiments according to the Figures 2 . 3 and 4 true. Alternatively, the container 10 may also have, for example, a barrel-like shape, ie arched outwardly from the bottom and then run inwards again. The container 10 after Fig. 5 is truncated cone-shaped, ie it has a smaller dimension in the lower area than in its upper area.

The container 10 has a substantially horizontally oriented bottom 11; he is equipped in the upper part with a feed opening 12 for the material to be crushed and in the lower or lateral region with a discharge opening 13 for the crushed Good. As the FIGS. 1 to 3 can be seen, in the embodiments shown there, the discharge opening 13 is provided with a sieve. In the execution according to FIG. 4 the discharge opening 13 is formed in the side wall of the container 10 and is closed with a flap, so that in this embodiment, the material discharge takes place laterally through the discharge opening 13 with the flap open. Preferably, the flap is designed as a slide valve. In the execution according to FIG. 5 two discharge openings are recognizable provided, of which one discharge opening in the bottom of the container 10 is formed and provided with a sieve and the other discharge opening is formed in the side wall of the container 10 and is closed by a flap, which may be, for example, a slide valve.

Furthermore, the bottom 11 is provided with a passage, so that a driven shaft can pass from below through the bottom 11 and ends in the upper region in the interior of the container 10 with a hub 14. On the shaft pulleys are seen, which are aligned to pulleys of a motor 15 drivingly. The motor 15 thus drives the hub 14, so that attached to it ropes 20 and 21 are rotated about the axis of the hub 14 in rotation or centrifugal movement. On ropes 20 and 21 are ( FIG. 1 ) two baffles 30 attached, which are firmly clamped by means of screws on the ropes 20 and 21.

By the central attachment of a hub 14, the two cables 20 and 21 are divided into two radial sections, in the illustrated embodiment, the adjacent radial portions of the cable pairs each carry a single baffle 30 and are connected by this, like the FIGS. 1 to 4 and 5 reveal.

Fig. 2 shows a double embodiment, namely on the hub 14, another hub portion 140 is attached, which in turn is equipped with ropes, namely in the upper area above a false floor 110 with the ropes 200 and 210. baffle parts are in the upper part of the ropes 200 and 210 attached and one of them bears the reference numeral 300.

It can be seen that in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 the motor 15 via the pulley connection, the hubs 14 and 140 and thus the baffles 30 and 300 drives in the same direction.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 3 are provided two motors, namely 15 and 150, wherein the motor 15, as already shown in the preceding figures and explained, the hub 14 in viewing the Fig. 3 drives clockwise while the motor 150 via a corresponding pulley connection, the hub 140 drives in a counterclockwise direction, as indicated by arrows. As a result, an efficient fine grinding is made possible after the coarse crushing of the Guts

In the embodiment according to Fig. 4 are visible from the inner wall into the interior projecting additional baffle parts 40, which act on the flying parts of the reduced Guts so that these parts get back into the sphere of action of the impact tool with the baffle parts 30.

In the FIGS. 6 and 7 lateral views are shown on the baffles 30, and these show in the embodiment Fig. 6 Longitudinal struts and in the embodiment according to Fig. 7 Pimples up.

To edit comminuted material by the device according to the invention, this is brought through the access opening 12 in the interior of the container 10, wherein the motor 15 and the motors 150 already drive the hubs, so that the impact parts act on the material to be crushed , After a sufficiently long time, the crushed objects can be removed via the discharge openings 13.

As is apparent from the foregoing description, the baffle parts perform the function of single impact members, while the ropes are provided to resiliently hold the baffle members and to the hub at a defined distance therefrom. In order to protect the ropes from eventual damage by the material to be crushed by the baffle parts and thus to increase the robustness of the ropes, it is advantageous to provide the ropes with a suitable protection. A preferred solution for such protection is exemplified in FIG. 1 shown, according to which the cables 20 and 21 are each enclosed by a spirally wound wire 60, which is at least comparable in terms of its shape with a coil spring or even forms such.

Claims (14)

1. Device for reducing and solubilising electronic scrap, refrigerators, vehicle tyres, shredder fractions, automobile parts, mixed plastic material parts, metal, profile and composite materials and the like, with a container (10), a hub (14) rotatably mounted and driven in the container (10) and striking tools fastened to the hub (14) to act on the product to be reduced, the striking tools having cables (20, 21; 200, 210) and at least one baffle part (30, 300) fastened to the cables (20, 21; 200, 210) to act on the product to be reduced, characterised in that a plurality of cables (20, 21; 200, 210) are arranged one above the other on the hub (14) and adjacent portions of the plurality of cables (20, 21; 200, 210) together carry at least one baffle part (30, 300) and are connected to one another by the latter,
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the hub (14) is rotatably mounted about a substantially vertically directed rotational axis.
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one baffle part (30, 300) is detachably fastened to the cables.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the baffle parts (30, 300) are composed as plates of at least two parts, between which the cables (20, 21; 200, 210) are clamped.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the baffle parts are configured on their outer face to be cylindrical, spherical, curved, level, flat, angular, cornered or with flutes, channels, grooves, nub projections or indentations.
6. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised by an intermediate base (110), which is arranged above the base (11) and with which, corresponding to the base (11) of the container (10), a further hub (140) and further striking tools are associated and which is equipped with at least one opening or a passage.
7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the hubs (14, 140) are in each case driven per se (15, 150) or are driven by a common drive (15).
8. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the container (10) is configured to be cylindrical, convex or conically tapering.
9. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that deflection or baffle parts (40) for the product to be reduced are arranged on the inner wall of the container (10).
10. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cables (20, 21; 200, 210) are formed from metal wires that are twisted or stranded together.
11. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base (11) is horizontal.
12. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base (11) is configured with a passage for the driven hub (14).
13. Device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cables (20, 21) are at least partially covered by a protection means (60).
14. Device according to claim 13, characterised in that the protection means has a wire (60), which is wound, preferably spirally, around the respective cable (20, 21).

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