WO2010057604A1

WO2010057604A1 - Device for reducing and solubilizing

Info

Publication number: WO2010057604A1
Application number: PCT/EP2009/008143
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas KRÖGER
Original assignee: Bomatic Umwelt- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-11-19
Filing date: 2009-11-16
Publication date: 2010-05-27
Also published as: EP2358473A1; EP2358473B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for reducing and solubilizing electronic scrap, refrigerators, vehicle tires, shredder fractions, automobile parts, mixed plastic parts, metal, profile and composite materials and the like. A container (10) having a feed opening (12) for the material to be reduced and a delivery opening (13) for the reduced material is designed with a floor (11). A driven hub (14) has striking tools (21) for effecting the material to be reduced and has baffle components (30) fastened thereto.

Description

DEVICE FOR CUTTING AND CLOSING

The invention relates to a device for crushing and breaking up of electronic scrap, refrigerators, vehicle tires, shredder fractions, automotive parts, mixed plastic parts, metal, profile and composite materials and the like., Having a container with driven striking tools for acting on the material to be crushed.

The present invention is concerned with the digestion of materials to be recycled and reprocessed. For this purpose and because of the resulting necessary separation of the individual substances, the resulting material must be comminuted, which is carried out by the device of the type mentioned by mechanical means.

In a known disruption device of the aforementioned (DE 103 22 624 B4) chains are used as impact tools, which act directly on the material to be comminuted when they are offset by the hub in rotational or centrifugal movements about the hub axle. That with such Aufschlusseinrichtung achieved result depends on the type of chain used, and since only certain chains can be attached to the hub, the known Aufschlusseinrichtung can not be optimally adapted to the resulting Good.

There are also devices for processing components from mixtures of substances known (DE 10 2005 021 503 A1), in which a rotationally driven hub is used, to which a disc-shaped rotor is attached, which is now in turn provided with a number of baffles. Since the rotor operates inside a closed housing, problems could arise with very unwieldy goods to be processed because the drive could be overloaded, blocked or even failing

There are also devices for processing of components of mixtures known (DE 10 2005 055 620 A1), in which on the rotor pivotable, but rigid baffle elements are attached, which act on the material to be processed and due to the pivotal attachment to the rotor blocking the Reduce drive with bulky goods, but can not completely avoid.

The object of the present invention is to provide a percussion tool for a device of the type mentioned in the introduction, which can be optimized by simple assembly operations for use in the comminution of quite different objects.

This is achieved in that in a device of the type mentioned, the striking tools have ropes, on each of which at least one impact member is attached for direct action on the material to be shredded.

In the embodiment of a crushing device according to the invention, the functions of the spinning or impact tool are taken over by impact parts, which are attached in any form on the rope or on the ropes and can have the desired shape and shape, the shape and shape of the resulting Guts fits to shred this efficiently. A rope has a significant advantage in that in the event that a particularly bulky object is to be crushed, it can not lead to the dreaded blocking or overloading of the drive, since a rope thrown around the axis in a surrounding housing due to lack of Eigenfest- It finds its way. It is the use of steel, but also of other wear-resistant materials for the ropes in question.

On the other hand, baffle parts can be easily attached to a rope in a different configuration, so that depending on the resulting good the most effective impact tool can be used. In this case, in particular, the position of the baffle member on the rope with respect to the axis of rotation of the hub can be optimally adjusted because the baffle parts can be releasably secured to the rope. In this context, conventional clamping and / or screw can be used.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of cables are arranged one above the other at the hub, so that the comminution effect can be further enhanced.

The impact parts used can be composed according to embodiments of the invention as rods or plates of at least two parts and on its outer surface cylindrical, spherical, curved, flat, flat, edged, square or with grooves, grooves, grooves, Noppenvorsprüngen or depressions.

There are many ways to design the impact parts, which essentially depends on the type, shape and composition of the material to be shredded.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the efficiency of the comminution process is increased by means of an intermediate floor arranged above the bottom of the container, with the intermediate bottom corresponding to the bottom of the container being assigned a further hub and further impact tools. An opening in the intermediate bottom ensures the transition already crushed Material in the lower area and this is there edited again by the striking tools.

In the dual embodiment with two impact tools, it is possible to drive each of the hubs for themselves or to provide a common drive. A single drive leads to lower investment costs, while two drives increase the possibilities for optimal comminution of the special material.

In one embodiment of the invention deflecting and baffle parts can be provided on the inner wall of the container, in order to act on the material to be comminuted in this way. As a result, a certain direction of flight can be given to the material to be comminuted and already comminuted, so that the already comminuted material is again directed towards the impact tools.

The ropes used in the device according to the invention can be formed from twisted or stranded metal wires.

The use of ropes for the intended purpose is associated with lower investment costs. On the other hand, the baffles in the desired type and quantity can be easily attached to the ropes, which can be achieved by simple means by screwing and jamming.

The particular advantage of the invention is based on the use of flexible ropes, so that massive contaminants and non-divisible components, without causing damage, can be edited.

It is also possible according to the invention, to make the hub in height with respect to the ground adjustable, z. B. pass through a hydraulic device and the hub through the ground. Also, the floor can be aligned substantially horizontally. The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawing, for example.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the second embodiment of the device according to the invention, with part of the housing removed;

3 is a perspective view of the third embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

4 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

5 is a perspective view of the fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein a part of the housing has been removed,

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the sixth embodiment of the device according to the invention with a part of the housing removed;

Figs. 7 to 9 show cross-sectional views through baffles for the devices according to the invention, and

10 and 11 show perspective views of baffle parts for the devices according to the invention. In the figures, the container of a device according to the invention has been designated 10. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the container 10 is cylindrical, which also applies to the embodiments of Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 applies. Alternatively, the container 10 may also have, for example, a barrel-like shape, ie arched outwardly from the bottom and then run inwards again. The container 10 of Fig. 6 is frusto-conical, that is, it has a smaller dimension in the lower region than in its upper region.

The container 10 has a substantially horizontally oriented bottom 11; he is equipped in the upper part with a feed opening 12 for the material to be crushed and in the lower or lateral region with a discharge opening 13 for the crushed Good. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, in the embodiments illustrated there, the discharge opening 13 is provided with a sieve. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the dispensing opening 13 is formed in the side wall of the container 10 and is closed with a flap, so that in this embodiment the material discharge takes place laterally through the dispensing opening 13 when the flap is open. Preferably, the flap is designed as a slide valve. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 5 and 6, two delivery openings are recognizably provided, of which one delivery opening is formed in the bottom of the container 10 and provided with a sieve and the other dispensing opening is formed in the side wall of the container 10 and with one flap is closed. Figure 5 shows that the flap shown there is a slide valve, which is shown in a partially open position.

Furthermore, the bottom 11 is provided with a passage, so that a driven shaft can pass from below through the bottom 11 and ends in the upper region in the interior of the container 10 with a hub 14. On the shaft pulleys are seen, which are aligned to pulleys of a motor 15 drivingly. The motor 15 thus drives the hub 14, so that attached to it ropes 20 and 21 are rotated about the axis of the hub 14 in rotation or centrifugal movement. On the ropes 20 and 21 are (Fig. 1) two baffles 30 attached, which are firmly clamped by means of screws on the ropes 20 and 21.

By the central attachment of a hub 14, the two cables 20 and 21 are divided into two radial sections, in the illustrated embodiment, the adjacent radial portions of the cable pairs each carry a single baffle member 30 and are interconnected by this, as the figures 1 to 4 and 6 can recognize.

Fig. 2 shows a double embodiment, namely, on the hub 14, a further hub portion 140 is fixed, which in turn is in each case equipped with ropes, namely in the upper region above an intermediate floor 1 10 with the ropes 200 and 210. Impact parts are in the upper area attached to the ropes 200 and 210 and one of them bears the reference numeral 300.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the motor 15 via the pulley connection, the hubs 14 and 140 and thus the baffles 30 and 300 drives in the same direction.

In the embodiment of Fig. 3, two motors are provided, namely 15 and 150, wherein the motor 15, as already shown in the preceding figures and explained thereto, the hub 14 clockwise when viewed in FIG. 3, while the motor 150th via a corresponding pulley connection, the hub 140 drives in the counterclockwise direction, as indicated by arrows. As a result, an efficient fine grinding is made possible after the coarse crushing of the Guts

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, additional impact parts 40 projecting from the inner wall into the interior can be seen, which act on the flying parts of the reduced material so that these parts again reach the area of impact of the impact tool with the impact parts 30. Fig. 5 shows rod-shaped baffle parts 50 which are mounted on a rope 20. These are composite parts, which are cylindrical in the form shown in Fig. 5 on the outer surface, as can be seen from the cross-sectional view of FIG. In modified embodiments, the two parts of the impact member 50 are hexagonal (FIG. 9 ^' 8) and square in the embodiment of FIG. 9.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show lateral views of the impact parts 30, and in the embodiment according to FIG. 10, they have longitudinal struts and in the embodiment according to FIG. 11, studs.

To edit comminuted material by the device according to the invention, this is brought through the access opening 12 in the interior of the container 10, wherein the motor 15 and the motors 150 already drive the hubs, so that the impact parts act on the material to be crushed , After a sufficiently long time, the crushed objects can be removed via the discharge openings 13.

As is apparent from the foregoing description, the baffle parts perform the function of single impact members, while the ropes are provided to resiliently hold the baffle members and to the hub at a defined distance therefrom. In order to protect the ropes from eventual damage by the material to be crushed by the baffle parts and thus to increase the robustness of the ropes, it is advantageous to provide the ropes with a suitable protection. A preferred solution for such protection is shown by way of example in Figure 1, according to which the cables 20 and 21 are each enclosed by a helically wound wire 60 which is comparable or even at least one of a helical spring in shape.

Claims

claims

1. A device for crushing and breaking up electronic waste, refrigerators, vehicle tires, shredder fractions, automotive parts, mixed plastic parts, metal, profiled and composite materials and the like., Comprising a container (10) and driven striking tools (30, 300) for acting on the material to be comminuted, characterized in that the striking tools ropes (20, 21, 200, 210), to which in each case at least one impact member (30, 300, 50, 80) is attached to act on the material to be reduced.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that on the hub (14) a plurality of ropes (20. 21. 200, 210) are fastened one above the other detachably.

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the baffle parts (30, 300, 50, 80) are composed as rods or plates of at least two parts and on its outer surface cylindrical, spherical, curved, flat, flat, edged, angular or with grooves, grooves, grooves, Noppenvorsprüngen or depressions are formed, the centrifugal tools are designed as ropes.

4. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a above the bottom (1) arranged intermediate bottom (10) to which the bottom (11) of the container (10) corresponding to a further hub (140) and further impact tools (200 , 210, 300) and which is equipped with at least one opening or passage.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the hubs (14, 140) in each case for themselves (15, 150) or via a common drive (15) are driven.

6. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the container (10) is cylindrical, spherical or conically tapered.

7. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the inner wall of the container (10) deflecting or baffle parts (40) are arranged for the material to be reduced.

8. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cables (20, 21) are formed of twisted or stranded metal wires.

9. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bottom (11) is formed horizontally.

10. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bottom (11) is formed with a passage for the driven hub (14).

11. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cables (20, 21) are at least partially covered by a protection (60).

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the protection comprises a wire (60) which, preferably spirally, around the respective cable (20, 21) is wound.