EP2353209A1 - Method for producing a semi-finished part and semi-finished part for electrical contacts and contact piece - Google Patents

Method for producing a semi-finished part and semi-finished part for electrical contacts and contact piece

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Publication number
EP2353209A1
EP2353209A1 EP09744077A EP09744077A EP2353209A1 EP 2353209 A1 EP2353209 A1 EP 2353209A1 EP 09744077 A EP09744077 A EP 09744077A EP 09744077 A EP09744077 A EP 09744077A EP 2353209 A1 EP2353209 A1 EP 2353209A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silver
block
composite material
powder
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09744077A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2353209B1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Heinzel
Andreas Kraus
Evelyn MAHLE-MÖSSNER
Johann Wenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doduco Contacts and Refining GmbH
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Doduco GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP2353209A1 publication Critical patent/EP2353209A1/en
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Publication of EP2353209B1 publication Critical patent/EP2353209B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to show how cost-effective a strand-shaped semifinished product for electrical contacts can be produced, which has an upper surface intended for electrical contact of a composite material based on silver and a lower surface of silver or a silver alloy.
  • a block of a composite material based on silver is first produced by powder metallurgy, for example by mixing silver powder with metal oxide powder, pressing it and then sintering it. It is also possible, for example, to mix silver powder with a base metal powder, to compress and then to sinter in an oxidizing atmosphere, so that metal oxide particles are formed by oxidation of the non-noble metal particles.
  • the block produced by powder metallurgy is sheathed with silver powder or powder of a silver-based alloy and then pressed to compact the powder sheath, preferably at pressures of 500 bar to 2500 bar.
  • the powder of silver or of a silver-based alloy may also be admixed with base metal powder so as to produce by powder metallurgical means a jacket of a silver-based alloy, that is, an alloy consisting predominantly of silver.
  • the preferably isostatically pressed block is sintered in a further production step and then formed by extrusion, preferably hot-formed. Thereafter, at least one sub-strand having a composite top surface and a silver or silver-based bottom surface is produced.
  • Preferably, two such partial strands are produced by dividing the strand formed by extrusion in its longitudinal direction. It is of course possible to make further longitudinal divisions perpendicular to the division plane. The statement that preferably two partial strands are generated is therefore to be understood in the sense of at least two. But it is also possible to produce only a partial strand by the silver or the silver alloy is removed on one side of the strand formed by extrusion, for example by milling, and so a surface of composite material is exposed.
  • an approximately cylindrical block can be produced by isostatic pressing and subsequent sintering, the lateral surface of which is turned off prior to extrusion in order to adapt to the dimensions of an extrusion die.
  • the block is formed by extrusion from a cylindrical shape into a rectangular section shape.
  • the two flanks of the strand which extend from the contacting top side to the well solderable and weldable underside of the strand, trimmed, in particular by cutting or milling.
  • the trimming of the flanks of the strand formed by extrusion can optionally be carried out before or after the longitudinal division of the strand.
  • the strand produced by extrusion is reduced in its thickness by rolling, in particular by cold rolling.
  • a strip-shaped semifinished product can be produced in a particularly favorable manner.
  • the rolling takes place after the longitudinal splitting of the strand.
  • the strand is reduced in its thickness by at most 50% of its original thickness during rolling, in order to avoid that mechanical properties of the semi-finished product are adversely affected.
  • the thickness is reduced by more than 50%, there is a risk of the material becoming too hard.
  • the strand is reduced in its thickness by 30 to 50% of its original thickness during rolling.
  • the method uses a composite that is a silver-metal oxide composite.
  • Tin oxides and / or zinc oxide and / or indium oxide and / or cadmium oxide can be used in particular as metal oxides.
  • the use of bismuth oxide or tungsten oxide is also possible.
  • the composite used in the invention contains several metal oxides. Equally well it is possible that the composite material only contains a single metal oxide.
  • the metal oxide component of the composite material preferably consists predominantly of tin oxide.
  • the silver-based contact material used may also contain carbon, for example in the form of graphite.
  • the composite block encased in base metal powder is pressed in a cold isostatic manner.
  • the cold isostatic pressing can be carried out easily at room temperature.
  • the cold isostatic pressing can also be carried out at elevated temperatures, but in any case it is preferred that the cold isostatic pressing is carried out at a temperature at which the base metal is at best oxidized to a negligible extent in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.
  • the composite block is sheathed with silver powder and then cold-statically pressed.
  • the isostatically pressed block is then sintered under air at 800 ° C. to 900 ° C., for example for 2 to 5 hours.
  • the sintered block is then turned off so that it can be accurately used in an extruder.
  • the block is then extruded at a
  • Temperature of 750 ° to 775 ° C transformed from its cylindrical shape into a shape with a rectangular cross-section.
  • a cylindrical block of silver-based contact material is produced.
  • This block can for example consist of 2 to 5 percent by weight of carbon and otherwise of silver.
  • the composite block is clad with powder of silver or silver-based alloy and sintered at 750 to 775 ° C for several hours. The others

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a strand-like, particularly band-like semi-finished part for electrical contacts, wherein the semi-finished part has a top side intended for making the electrical contact, said top side made from a silver-based composite material in which one or multiple metal oxides or carbon are embedded, and has a carrier layer supporting the composite material made of silver or a silver-based alloy, said method having the following steps: - Powder-metallurgic production of a block made from the silver-based composite material, - Encasing of the block made of the composite material with a powder made primarily of silver - Compressing the block, encased by the metal powder, to condense the metal powder, - Sintering the compressed block, - Reshaping the sintered block by extrusion pressing, - Creating a partial strand with a top side made from composite material and a bottom side made from silver or a silver-based alloy.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbzeugs und Halbzeug für elektrische Process for producing a semifinished product and semifinished product for electrical
Kontakte sowie KontaktstückContacts and contact piece
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbzeugs für elektrische Kontakte mit einer für die elektrische Kontaktgabe bestimmten Oberseite aus einem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis, in welchem eines oder mehrere Metalloxide oder Kohlenstoff eingelagert sind, und einer gut löt- und schweißbaren Trägerschicht aus Silber oder einer Silberlegierung, auf welcher der Verbundwerkstoff liegt.The invention relates to a method for producing a semifinished product for electrical contacts with an intended for the electrical contact top of a composite material based on silver, in which one or more metal oxides or carbon are embedded, and a good solderable and weldable support layer of silver or a silver alloy on which the composite is located.
Verbundwerkstoffe aus Silberbasis mit eingelagerten Metalloxid- oder Kohlenstoffpartikeln lassen sich nicht oder nur sehr schlecht verschweißen und verlöten. Bei der Herstellung von Halbzeugen für elektrische Kontakte wird deshalb eine Unterseite des Kontaktwerkstoffs mit einer gut löt- oder schweißbaren Trägerschicht aus Silber oder einer Silberlegierung versehen. Derartige Trägerschichten werden üblicherweise durch Aufplattieren eines Silberbandes auf Kontaktwerkstoffe aufgebracht. Bekannt ist es auch eine Herstellung in Einzelpresstechnik, bei der auf eine Schicht aus Silberpulver eine Schicht aus Kontaktwerkstoffpulver aufgebracht und durch anschließendes Pressen und Sintern ein Halbzeug mit einer Vorderseite aus Kontaktwerkstoff und einer Rückseite aus Silber erzeugt wird. Dabei können die beiden PuI- verschichten gemeinsam verpresst werden oder zunächst eine Schicht aus nur einem Pulver vorgepresst und anschließend das zweite Pulver aufgebracht und verpresst werden. Nachteilig an einer Herstellung in Einzelpresstechnik ist jedoch, dass sich kein bandförmiges Halbzeug herstellen lässt.Composite materials of silver-based with embedded metal oxide or carbon particles can not or only very poorly welded and soldered. In the production of semifinished products for electrical contacts, therefore, a lower side of the contact material is provided with a good solderable or weldable carrier layer of silver or a silver alloy. Such carrier layers are usually applied by plating a silver band on contact materials. It is also known a production in single-press technology, in which applied to a layer of silver powder, a layer of contact material powder and by subsequent pressing and sintering a semifinished product is produced with a front of contact material and a back of silver. In this case, the two layers can be compressed together or first a layer of only one powder is pre-pressed and then the second powder is applied and pressed. However, a disadvantage of production in single-press technology is that no ribbon-shaped semifinished product can be produced.
Eine weitere bekannte Möglichkeit besteht darin, einen Kontaktwerkstoffblock mit einem Silberrohr zu ummanteln und anschließend durch Verbundstrangpressen umzuformen. Durch Längsteilen eines auf diese Weise hergestellten Verbundstrangs erhält man ein Halbzeug mit einer Oberseite aus Kontaktwerkstoff und einer Unterseite aus Silber. Die Herstellung eines geeigneten Silberrohres und das Einpassen eines Kontaktwerkstoffblocks in ein Silberrohr sind jedoch sehr aufwändig.Another known possibility is to coat a contact material block with a silver tube and then reshape by composite extrusion. By longitudinally dividing a composite strand produced in this way, a semifinished product is obtained with a top surface of contact material and a bottom surface of silver. However, the production of a suitable silver tube and the fitting of a contact material block in a silver tube are very expensive.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie kostengünstig ein strang- förmiges Halbzeug für elektrische Kontakte hergestellt werden kann, das eine für die elektrische Kontaktgabe bestimmte Oberseite aus einem Verbundwerkstoff auf SiI- berbasis und eine Unterseite aus Silber oder einer Silberlegierung hat.The object of the invention is to show how cost-effective a strand-shaped semifinished product for electrical contacts can be produced, which has an upper surface intended for electrical contact of a composite material based on silver and a lower surface of silver or a silver alloy.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by a method having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird zunächst pulvermetallurgisch ein Block aus einem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis hergestellt, beispielsweise indem Silberpulver mit Metalloxidpulver vermischt, verpresst und anschließend gesintert wird. Möglich ist es beispielsweise auch, Silberpulver mit einem unedlen Metallpulver zu vermischen, zu verpressen und anschließend in einer oxidierenden Atmosphäre zu sintern, so dass durch Oxidation der unedlen Metallpartikel Metalloxidpartikel entstehen. In einem zweiten Schritt wird der pulvermetallurgisch hergestellte Block mit Silberpulver oder Pulver aus einer Silberbasislegierung ummantelt und anschließend zum Verdichten des Pulvermantels gepresst, bevorzugt bei Drücken von 500 bar bis 2500 bar. Dem Pulver aus Silber oder einer Silberbasislegierung kann dabei auch unedles Metallpulver beigemischt sein, um so auf pulvermetallurgischem Weg einen Mantel aus einer Silberbasislegierung, also einer überwiegend aus Silber bestehenden Legierung, zu erzeugen.In a method according to the invention, a block of a composite material based on silver is first produced by powder metallurgy, for example by mixing silver powder with metal oxide powder, pressing it and then sintering it. It is also possible, for example, to mix silver powder with a base metal powder, to compress and then to sinter in an oxidizing atmosphere, so that metal oxide particles are formed by oxidation of the non-noble metal particles. In a second step, the block produced by powder metallurgy is sheathed with silver powder or powder of a silver-based alloy and then pressed to compact the powder sheath, preferably at pressures of 500 bar to 2500 bar. The powder of silver or of a silver-based alloy may also be admixed with base metal powder so as to produce by powder metallurgical means a jacket of a silver-based alloy, that is, an alloy consisting predominantly of silver.
Der bevorzugt isostatisch gepresste Block wird in einem weiteren Herstellungsschritt gesintert und anschließend durch Strangpressen umgeformt, vorzugsweise warmumgeformt. Danach wird mindestens ein Teilstrang mit einer Oberseite aus Verbundwerkstoff und einer Unterseite aus Silber oder einer Silberbasislegierung erzeugt. Bevorzugt werden zwei derartige Teilstränge erzeugt, indem der durch Strangpressen gebildete Strang in seiner Längsrichtung geteilt wird. Dabei ist es selbstver- ständlich möglich, senkrecht zu der Teilungsebene weitere Längsteilungen vorzunehmen. Die Angabe, dass bevorzugt zwei Teilstränge erzeugt werden, ist deshalb im Sinne von mindestens zwei zu verstehen. Möglich ist es aber auch, nur einen Teilstrang zu erzeugen, indem auf einer Seite des durch Strangpressen gebildeten Strangs das Silber oder die Silberlegierung abgetragen wird, beispielsweise durch Fräsen, und so eine Oberfläche aus Verbundwerkstoff freigelegt wird.The preferably isostatically pressed block is sintered in a further production step and then formed by extrusion, preferably hot-formed. Thereafter, at least one sub-strand having a composite top surface and a silver or silver-based bottom surface is produced. Preferably, two such partial strands are produced by dividing the strand formed by extrusion in its longitudinal direction. It is of course possible to make further longitudinal divisions perpendicular to the division plane. The statement that preferably two partial strands are generated is therefore to be understood in the sense of at least two. But it is also possible to produce only a partial strand by the silver or the silver alloy is removed on one side of the strand formed by extrusion, for example by milling, and so a surface of composite material is exposed.
Nach dem Sintern haftet das Silber bzw. die Silberlegierung in der Regel bereits ausreichend stark an dem Block, so dass dieser formgebend bearbeitet werden kann, damit er passgenau in ein Strangpresswerkzeug eingesetzt werden kann. Beispiels- weise kann durch isostatisches Pressen und anschließendes Sintern ein annährend zylindrischer Block hergestellt werden, dessen Mantelfläche vor dem Strangpressen abgedreht wird, um eine Anpassung an die Maße eines Strangpresswerkzeugs zu erreichen. Bevorzugt wird der Block durch das Strangpressen von einer zylindrischen Form in eine Form mit rechteckigem Querschnitt umgeformt.After sintering, the silver or silver alloy usually already adheres sufficiently strong to the block, so that it can be shaped shaping, so that it can be accurately inserted into an extrusion die. For example, an approximately cylindrical block can be produced by isostatic pressing and subsequent sintering, the lateral surface of which is turned off prior to extrusion in order to adapt to the dimensions of an extrusion die. Preferably, the block is formed by extrusion from a cylindrical shape into a rectangular section shape.
Das Strangpressen wird bevorzugt bei Temperaturen von mindestens 6000C, insbesondere zwischen 7000C und 9500C, durchgeführt. Diese Maßnahme hat den Vorteil, dass durch das Strangpressen eine vorteilhaft hohe Verdichtung erreicht wird. Vor- teilhaft lässt sich insbesondere erreichen, dass der Strang eine relative Dichte von 99,9 % der theoretisch möglichen Dichte hat.Extrusion is preferably carried out at temperatures of at least 600 ° C., in particular between 700 ° C. and 950 ° C. This measure has the advantage that an advantageously high compression is achieved by the extrusion. In front- In part, it can be achieved in particular that the strand has a relative density of 99.9% of the theoretically possible density.
Durch Teilen des durch Strangpressen gebildeten Strangs in seiner Längsrichtung entsteht ein Halbzeug mit einer Schicht aus dem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis, welche die zur Kontaktgabe bestimmte Oberseite des Halbzeugs bildet, und einer gut löt- und schweißbaren Trägerschicht als Unterseite.By dividing the strand formed by extrusion in its longitudinal direction, a semifinished product with a layer of the composite material based on silver, which forms the top of the semifinished product for making contact, and a good solderable and weldable carrier layer as the bottom.
Bevorzugt werden die beiden Flanken des Strangs, welche sich von der kontaktge- benden Oberseite bis zur gut löt- und schweißbaren Unterseite des Strangs erstrecken, getrimmt, insbesondere durch Schneiden oder Fräsen. Auf diese Weise kann sichergestellt werden, dass bei der weiteren Verarbeitung des Halbzeugs oder beim späteren Gebrauch eines mit dem Halbzeug hergestellten elektrischen Kontakts kein Material der Trägerschicht auf die Kontaktfläche gelangt und deren Funktion beein- trächtigt. Das Trimmen der Flanken des durch Strangpressen gebildeten Strangs kann wahlweise vor oder nach der Längsteilung des Strangs durchgeführt werden.Preferably, the two flanks of the strand, which extend from the contacting top side to the well solderable and weldable underside of the strand, trimmed, in particular by cutting or milling. In this way it can be ensured that during the further processing of the semifinished product or during subsequent use of an electrical contact made with the semifinished product, no material of the carrier layer reaches the contact surface and impairs its function. The trimming of the flanks of the strand formed by extrusion can optionally be carried out before or after the longitudinal division of the strand.
Bevorzugt wird der durch Strangpressen erzeugte Strang in seiner Dicke durch Walzen, insbesondere durch Kaltwalzen, reduziert. Auf diese Weise lässt sich besonders günstig ein bandförmiges Halbzeug herstellen. Bevorzugt ist dabei insbesondere, dass das Walzen nach dem Längsteilen des Strangs erfolgt. Bevorzugt ist ferner, dass der Strang beim Walzen in seiner Dicke um höchstens 50% seiner ursprünglichen Dicke reduziert wird, um zu vermeiden dass mechanische Eigenschaften des Halbzeugs nachteilig beeinträchtigt werden. Insbesondere besteht bei einer Redukti- on der Dicke um mehr als 50% die Gefahr, dass das Material zu hart wird. Besonders bevorzugt wird der Strang beim Walzen in seiner Dicke um 30 bis 50% seiner ursprünglichen Dicke reduziert.Preferably, the strand produced by extrusion is reduced in its thickness by rolling, in particular by cold rolling. In this way, a strip-shaped semifinished product can be produced in a particularly favorable manner. It is particularly preferred that the rolling takes place after the longitudinal splitting of the strand. It is further preferred that the strand is reduced in its thickness by at most 50% of its original thickness during rolling, in order to avoid that mechanical properties of the semi-finished product are adversely affected. In particular, if the thickness is reduced by more than 50%, there is a risk of the material becoming too hard. Particularly preferably, the strand is reduced in its thickness by 30 to 50% of its original thickness during rolling.
Bevorzugt wird bei dem Verfahren ein Verbundwerkstoff verwendet, der ein Silber- Metalloxid-Verbundwerkstoff ist. Als Metalloxide können insbesondere Zinnoxid und/oder Zinkoxid und/oder Indiumoxid und/oder Kadmiumoxid verwendet werden. Möglich sind beispielsweise auch die Verwendung von Bismutoxid oder Wolframoxid. Dabei ist es möglich, dass der erfindungsgemäß verwendete Verbundwerkstoff mehrere Metalloxide enthält. Ebenso gut ist es möglich, dass der Verbundwerkstoff nur ein einziges Metalloxid enthält. Bevorzugt besteht die Metalloxidkomponente des Verbundwerkstoffs überwiegend aus Zinnoxid. Als Alternative oder zusätzlich zu Metalloxiden kann der verwendete Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis auch Kohlenstoff enthalten, beispielsweise in Form von Grafit.Preferably, the method uses a composite that is a silver-metal oxide composite. Tin oxides and / or zinc oxide and / or indium oxide and / or cadmium oxide can be used in particular as metal oxides. For example, the use of bismuth oxide or tungsten oxide is also possible. It is possible that the composite used in the invention contains several metal oxides. Equally well it is possible that the composite material only contains a single metal oxide. The metal oxide component of the composite material preferably consists predominantly of tin oxide. As an alternative or in addition to metal oxides, the silver-based contact material used may also contain carbon, for example in the form of graphite.
Bevorzugt wird der mit unedlem Metallpulver ummantelte Verbundwerkstoffblock kal- tisostatisch gepresst. Das kaltisostatische Pressen kann problemlos bei Raumtemperatur durchgeführt werden. Prinzipiell kann das kaltisostatische Pressen auch bei erhöhten Temperaturen durchgeführt werden, bevorzugt ist aber jedenfalls, dass das kaltisostatische Pressen bei einer Temperatur durchgeführt wird, bei welcher das unedle Metall in Anwesenheit von Luftsauerstoff allenfalls unwesentlich oxidiert wird.Preferably, the composite block encased in base metal powder is pressed in a cold isostatic manner. The cold isostatic pressing can be carried out easily at room temperature. In principle, the cold isostatic pressing can also be carried out at elevated temperatures, but in any case it is preferred that the cold isostatic pressing is carried out at a temperature at which the base metal is at best oxidized to a negligible extent in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.
Ausführungsbeispiele:EXAMPLES
1. Durch Mischen von Silberpulver und Zinnoxidpulver, kaltisostatisches Pressen und anschließendes Sintern wird ein zylindrischer Block aus einem Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis hergestellt. Dieser Block kann beispielweise zu 8 bis 14 Gewichtsprozent aus Metalloxid und im übrigen aus Silber bestehen.1. By mixing silver powder and tin oxide powder, cold isostatic pressing and subsequent sintering, a cylindrical block of silver-based contact material is produced. This block may for example consist of 8 to 14 weight percent of metal oxide and the rest of silver.
Der Verbundwerkstoffblock wird mit Silberpulver ummantelt und dann kalti- sostatisch verpresst. Der isostatisch gepresste Block wird dann unter Luft bei 8000C bis 9000C gesintert, beispielsweise für 2 bis 5 Stunden. Der gesinterte Block wird anschließend abgedreht, damit er maßgenau in eine Strangpresse eingesetzt werden kann. Der Block wird dann durch Strangpressen bei einerThe composite block is sheathed with silver powder and then cold-statically pressed. The isostatically pressed block is then sintered under air at 800 ° C. to 900 ° C., for example for 2 to 5 hours. The sintered block is then turned off so that it can be accurately used in an extruder. The block is then extruded at a
Temperatur von 750° bis 775° C von seiner zylindrischen Form in eine Form mit rechteckigem Querschnitt umgeformt.Temperature of 750 ° to 775 ° C transformed from its cylindrical shape into a shape with a rectangular cross-section.
Die Flanken des so erzeugten Strangs werden abgeschnitten und der Strang anschließend in Längsrichtung geteilt. Die auf diese Weise gebildeten Teilstränge werden anschließend kaltgewalzt und dabei in ihrer Dicke um 30 bis 50%, beispielsweise um 45%, reduziert. Das aus diese Weise hergestellte bandförmige Halbzeug hat eine Trägerschicht, deren Dicke etwa 10% bis 20% der Dicker der Verbundwerkstoffschicht ausmacht, und kann zur Herstellung elektrischer Kontaktstücke verwendet werden, indem von dem Halbzeug Abschnitte abgeschnitten und gemäß den Anforderungen einer spezifischen Anwendung umgeformt werden.The flanks of the strand thus produced are cut off and the strand is then split longitudinally. The partial strands formed in this way are then cold-rolled and thereby reduced in thickness by 30 to 50%, for example by 45%. The band-shaped semi-finished product produced in this way has a carrier layer whose thickness makes up about 10% to 20% of the thickness of the composite material layer, and can be used for the production electrical contacts may be used by cutting sections of the semifinished product and reshaping them to the requirements of a specific application.
Durch Mischen von Silberpulver und Graphitpulver, kaltisostatisches Pressen, anschließendes Sintern wird ein zylindrischer Block aus einem Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis hergestellt. Dieser Block kann beispielweise zu 2 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent aus Kohlenstoff und im Übrigen aus Silber bestehen. Der Verbundwerkstoffblock wird mit Pulver aus Silber oder einer Silberbasislegie- rung ummantelt und einige Stunden bei 750° bis 775° gesintert. Die weitereBy mixing silver powder and graphite powder, cold isostatic pressing, followed by sintering, a cylindrical block of silver-based contact material is produced. This block can for example consist of 2 to 5 percent by weight of carbon and otherwise of silver. The composite block is clad with powder of silver or silver-based alloy and sintered at 750 to 775 ° C for several hours. The others
Verarbeitung des gesinterten Blocks kann wie bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgen. Processing of the sintered block may be performed as in the above-described embodiment.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines strangförmigen, insbesondere bandförmigen, Halbzeugs für elektrische Kontakte, wobei das Halbzeug eine für die elektrische Kontaktgabe bestimmte Oberseite aus einem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis hat, in welchem eines oder mehrere Metalloxide oder Kohlenstoff eingelagert sind, und einer den Verbundwerkstoff tragenden gut löt- oder schweißbaren Trägerschicht aus Silber oder einer Silberbasislegierung hat, mit den folgenden Schritten: - Pulvermetallurgisches Herstellen eines Blocks aus dem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis,1. A method for producing a strand-shaped, in particular band-shaped, semifinished product for electrical contacts, wherein the semifinished has a certain electrical contact top of a composite material based on silver, in which one or more metal oxides or carbon are embedded, and a composite material carrying well solderable or weldable support layer of silver or a silver-based alloy, comprising the following steps: - powder metallurgy producing a block of the composite material based on silver,
- Ummanteln des Blocks aus dem Verbundwerkstoff mit einem Pulver das ü- berwiegend aus Silber besteht,Sheathing the block of composite material with a powder consisting predominantly of silver,
- Pressen des mit dem Metallpulver ummantelten Blocks zum Verdichten des Metallpulvers,Pressing the metal powder-coated block to compact the metal powder,
- Sintern des gepressten Blocks,Sintering the pressed block,
- Umformen des gesinterten Blocks durch Strangpressen,- Forming of the sintered block by extrusion,
- Erzeugen eines Teilstrangs mit einer Oberseite aus Verbundwerkstoff und einer Unterseite aus Silber oder einer Silberbasislegierung.- Creating a partial strand with a composite top and a bottom made of silver or a silver-based alloy.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Teilstränge erzeugt werden, indem der durch Strangpressen gebildete Strang in seiner Längsrichtung geteilt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two partial strands are produced by dividing the strand formed by extrusion in its longitudinal direction.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbundwerkstoff ein Silber-Metalloxid Verbundwerkstoff ist.3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material is a silver-metal oxide composite material.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis Zinnoxid und/oder Zinkoxid und/oder Indiumoxid und/oder Kadmiumoxid enthält.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material based on silver tin oxide and / or zinc oxide and / or indium oxide and / or cadmium oxide.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Ummanteln des Blocks aus dem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis eine Mischung aus Silberpulver und unedlem Metallpulver verwendet wird. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for enveloping the block of the composite material based on silver, a mixture of silver powder and base metal powder is used.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Ummanteln des Blocks aus dem Verbundwerkstoff auf Silberbasis Silberpulver oder Pulver aus einer Silberbasislegierung verwendet wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that silver powder or powder of a silver-based alloy is used for wrapping the block of the composite material based on silver.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ummantelte Block isostatisch, vorzugsweise kaltisostatisch, gepresst wird.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coated block is isostatically, preferably cold isostatically pressed.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Strangpressen bei Temperaturen von mindestens 6000C, insbesondere zwischen 7000C und 950°C, durchgeführt wird.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extrusion at temperatures of at least 600 0 C, in particular between 700 0 C and 950 ° C, is performed.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des durch Strangpressen erzeugten Strangs oder eines Teilstrangs durch Walzen, insbesondere durch Kaltwalzen, reduziert wird.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the strand produced by extrusion or a sub-strand by rolling, in particular by cold rolling, is reduced.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Walzen die10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that when rolling the
Dicke um höchstens 50% reduziert wird.Thickness is reduced by at most 50%.
11.Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Flanken des Stranges, welche sich von der Kontakt gebenden Oberseite bis zur von der Trägerschicht gebildeten gut löt- und schweißbaren Unterseite des Stranges erstrecken, getrimmt werden, insbesondere durch Schnei- den oder Fräsen.11.Verfahren according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two edges of the strand, which extend from the contact-giving top to the well-soldered and weldable underside of the strand formed by the carrier layer, are trimmed, in particular by cutting the or milling.
12. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein annährend zylindrischer gesinterter Block hergestellt wird, dessen Mantelfläche vor dem Strangpressen abgedreht wird.12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an approximately cylindrical sintered block is produced, whose lateral surface is turned off before the extrusion.
13. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Block durch das Strangpressen von einer zylindrischen Form in eine Form mit rechteckigem Querschnitt umgeformt wird. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the block is formed by the extrusion of a cylindrical shape into a shape with a rectangular cross-section.
14. Halbzeug, hergestellt nach einem Verfahren gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, insbesondere bandförmiges Halbzeug.14. Semi-finished product, produced by a method according to one of the preceding claims, in particular band-shaped semi-finished product.
15. Elektrisches Kontaktstück, hergestellt durch Abschneiden vom dem Halbzeug gemäß Anspruch 14 und Umformen des Abschnitts. 15. Electrical contact piece, produced by cutting off the semifinished product according to claim 14 and forming the section.
EP09744077.0A 2008-11-06 2009-10-27 Method for producing a semi-finished part for electrical contacts Active EP2353209B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008056264A DE102008056264A1 (en) 2008-11-06 2008-11-06 Process for producing a semifinished product and semifinished product for electrical contacts and contact piece
PCT/EP2009/007662 WO2010051923A1 (en) 2008-11-06 2009-10-27 Method for producing a semi-finished part and semi-finished part for electrical contacts and contact piece

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EP2353209A1 true EP2353209A1 (en) 2011-08-10
EP2353209B1 EP2353209B1 (en) 2017-04-19

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BR (1) BRPI0921361B1 (en)
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Publication number Publication date
EP2353209B1 (en) 2017-04-19
PL2353209T3 (en) 2017-09-29
JP2012507833A (en) 2012-03-29
WO2010051923A1 (en) 2010-05-14
CN102204021A (en) 2011-09-28
US8980166B2 (en) 2015-03-17
US20110243783A1 (en) 2011-10-06
RU2011118848A (en) 2012-12-20
DE102008056264A1 (en) 2010-05-27
RU2501133C2 (en) 2013-12-10
JP5433703B2 (en) 2014-03-05
BRPI0921361A2 (en) 2020-06-02
BRPI0921361B1 (en) 2020-10-20

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