EP2344730B1 - Inner housing for a turbomachine - Google Patents

Inner housing for a turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2344730B1
EP2344730B1 EP09748321A EP09748321A EP2344730B1 EP 2344730 B1 EP2344730 B1 EP 2344730B1 EP 09748321 A EP09748321 A EP 09748321A EP 09748321 A EP09748321 A EP 09748321A EP 2344730 B1 EP2344730 B1 EP 2344730B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner housing
flow
housing
turbomachine
area
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Not-in-force
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EP09748321A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2344730A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Müller
Heinz Dallinger
Andreas Ulma
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP2344730A1 publication Critical patent/EP2344730A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F01D3/02—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid characterised by having one fluid flow in one axial direction and another fluid flow in the opposite direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
    • F05D2300/132—Chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, an inner and outer inner housing arranged around the rotor and an outer housing arranged around the inner and outer inner housings, the outer inner housing being arranged around the inner inner housing along the axis of rotation a first flow region for flowing a flow medium in a flow direction is formed between the inner inner casing and the rotor, wherein, viewed in the flow direction, a second flow region is formed between the outer inner casing and the rotor after the first flow region.
  • a steam turbine conventionally includes a rotatably mounted rotor and a housing disposed about the rotor. Between the rotor and the inner housing, a flow channel is formed.
  • the housing in a steam turbine must be able to fulfill several functions.
  • the guide vanes are arranged in the flow channel on the housing and, secondly, the inner housing must withstand the pressure and the temperatures of the flow medium for all load and special operating cases.
  • the flow medium is steam.
  • the housing must be designed such that inlets and outlets, which are also referred to as taps, are possible. Another feature that a case must meet is the possibility of a shaft end passing through the case.
  • nickel-base alloys are suitable because they withstand the stresses occurring at high temperatures.
  • the use of such a nickel-based alloy is associated with new challenges.
  • the cost of nickel-base alloys is comparatively high and, in addition, the manufacturability of nickel-base alloys, e.g. limited by limited casting possibilities.
  • the use of nickel-based materials must be minimized.
  • the nickel-based materials are poor heat conductors.
  • the temperature gradients over the wall thickness are so rigid that thermal stresses are comparatively high.
  • the inner housing is in this case formed in an inner inner housing and an outer inner housing.
  • the inner inner housing is located in the region of the inflow area and must therefore be able to withstand the high temperatures and the high pressures. Therefore, the inner inner housing is made of a suitable material, such as e.g. formed of a nickel-based alloy. Between the inner inner housing and the rotor of the flow channel is formed.
  • the inner inner housing therefore has devices such as e.g. Grooves to carry in it vanes.
  • an outer inner housing is arranged to the inner inner inner housing. It is essential that between the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing, a cooling steam space is formed, which is acted upon by cooling medium.
  • the outer inner housing is designed in such a way that, viewed in the flow direction, it adjoins the inner inner housing and forms a boundary of the flow channel, wherein devices in the outer inner housing, such as, for example, are also provided. Grooves are provided to carry vanes can.
  • the outer inner casing is subjected to a vapor having a lower temperature and a lower pressure, so that the material of the outer inner casing must be less heat-resistant than the material of the inner inner casing.
  • the outer inner housing is formed of a less high-quality material.
  • an outer housing is arranged around the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing.
  • a fluidic connection is provided between the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing, with which it is possible to enter To convey cooling medium from the flow channel in the cooling steam space.
  • This cooling steam is thus removed from the flow channel, whereby the primary and the secondary stresses in the inner inner housing can be kept low.
  • Primary stresses are mechanical stresses that arise as a result of external loads, such as vapor pressures, weight forces, etc.
  • secondary voltages which are also referred to as thermal stresses, such mechanical stresses that arise as a result of unbalanced temperature fields or changes in thermal expansion.
  • the cooling steam located in the cooling steam space can also be used as insulation for the outer inner housing. Furthermore, a drainage line is provided which dissipates condensate occurring at standstill.
  • the steam turbine is designed as a double-flow steam turbine, whereby stresses and forces can be optimally coordinated for reasons of symmetry.
  • the sectional view through the turbomachine 1 shown essentially comprises an outer housing 2, an outer inner housing 3 arranged inside the outer housing 2 and an inner inner housing 4 arranged inside the outer inner housing 3.
  • a rotor 5 is rotatably supported about a rotation axis 6. Between the outer inner casing 3 and the rotor 5 and between the inner inner casing 4 and the rotor 5, a flow channel 7 is formed. For clarity, individual runners and vanes are not shown in detail. The vanes are arranged on the inner inner casing 4 and on the outer inner casing 3. On the rotor 5, the blades are arranged such that in the flow channel 7, the thermal energy of a live steam can be converted into rotational energy. Fresh steam flows via a live steam inlet region, not shown, first into a first flow region 8, which is arranged between the inner inner casing 4 and the rotor 5.
  • the inner inner housing 4 is formed of a nickel-based material.
  • the outer inner housing 3 may be formed of a less highly heat-resistant material.
  • the inner inner housing 4 is formed of a high-chromium steel comprising 9 to 10 wt% chromium, wherein the outer inner housing 3 is formed of a less high-quality material than the inner inner housing 4.
  • the outer inner housing 3 adjoins the inner inner housing 4. Between the outer inner casing 3 and the flow channel 7, a second flow region 10 is formed.
  • the outer inner housing 3 comprises devices, eg grooves for receiving the guide vanes.
  • the inner inner housing 4 is suspended in a manner not shown in the outer inner housing 3.
  • the outer inner casing is formed around the inner inner casing 4 in the region of the first flow region 8.
  • the outer inner housing 3 is in this case formed with respect to the axis of rotation 6 about the inner inner housing 4.
  • the outer inner casing 3 is not arranged around the inner inner casing 4 relative to the axis of rotation 6.
  • the first flow region 8 comprises the flow channel up to the point at which the inner inner housing 4 stops.
  • a fluidic connection 11 is arranged at the transition area between the first flow area 8 and the second flow area 10.
  • a relaxed steam from the flow channel 7 can thus flow through the fluidic connection 11 in a located between the inner inner housing 4 and the outer inner housing 3 cooling steam space 12.
  • the location of the fluidic connection 11 must therefore be suitably selected so that a cooling medium with a corresponding temperature and corresponding pressure flows via the fluidic connection 11 into the cooling steam space 12.
  • the outer inner casing 3 is comprised of a first outer inner casing top and a second lower outer inner casing part.
  • the outer inner housing 3 essentially comprises three sections that are shaped differently. Thus, in a first section, the inner housing is formed substantially parallel to the flow channel 9. This first region is more or less symmetrical in both the one and the other tide.
  • the second middle region of the outer inner housing 3 adjoins. This middle one Area is characterized by an initially radial orientation in order to form a cooling steam space 12 between the inner inner housing 4 and the outer inner housing 3 can.
  • a drainage line is provided, inter alia, in the cooling steam chamber 12, which dissipates condensate occurring at a standstill of the steam turbine.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of the steam turbine 1 to see in the flow direction.
  • the in FIG. 2 Section shown is performed approximately in the center 13 of the steam turbine 1.
  • the cooling steam located in the cooling steam space 12 is led out of the cooling steam space via a cooling steam discharge.
  • the cooling steam dissipation is in this case carried out in the outer inner housing 3 by means of a bore.
  • the cooling steam discharge line 14 is arranged in the upper part of the outer inner housing 3.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Strömungsmaschine umfassend einen um eine Rotationsachse drehbar gelagerten Rotor, ein um den Rotor angeordnetes inneres und äußeres Innengehäuse und ein um das innere und äußere Innengehäuse angeordnetes Außengehäuse, wobei entlang der Rotationsachse gesehen das äußere Innengehäuse um das innere Innengehäuse angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse und dem Rotor ein erster Strömungsbereich zum Strömen eines Strömungsmediums in einer Strömungsrichtung ausgebildet ist, wobei in Strömungsrichtung gesehen nach dem ersten Strömungsbereich ein zweiter Strömungsbereich zwischen dem äußeren Innengehäuse und dem Rotor ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, an inner and outer inner housing arranged around the rotor and an outer housing arranged around the inner and outer inner housings, the outer inner housing being arranged around the inner inner housing along the axis of rotation a first flow region for flowing a flow medium in a flow direction is formed between the inner inner casing and the rotor, wherein, viewed in the flow direction, a second flow region is formed between the outer inner casing and the rotor after the first flow region.

Unter einer Strömungsmaschine wird beispielsweise eine Dampfturbine verstanden. Eine Dampfturbine weist üblicher Weise einen drehbar gelagerten Rotor und ein Gehäuse, das um den Rotor angeordnet ist auf. Zwischen dem Rotor und dem Innengehäuse ist ein Strömungskanal ausgebildet. Das Gehäuse in einer Dampfturbine muss mehrere Funktionen erfüllen können. Zum einen werden die Leitschaufeln im Strömungskanal am Gehäuse angeordnet und zum zweiten muss das Innengehäuse den Druck und den Temperaturen des Strömungsmediums für alle Last- und besondere Betriebsfälle standhalten. Bei einer Dampfturbine ist das Strömungsmedium Dampf. Des Weiteren muss das Gehäuse derart ausgebildet sein, dass Zu- und Abführungen, die auch als Anzapfungen bezeichnet werden, möglich sind. Eine weitere Funktion, die ein Gehäuse erfüllen muss, ist die Möglichkeit, dass ein Wellenende durch das Gehäuse durchgeführt werden kann.Under a turbomachine, for example, a steam turbine is understood. A steam turbine conventionally includes a rotatably mounted rotor and a housing disposed about the rotor. Between the rotor and the inner housing, a flow channel is formed. The housing in a steam turbine must be able to fulfill several functions. On the one hand, the guide vanes are arranged in the flow channel on the housing and, secondly, the inner housing must withstand the pressure and the temperatures of the flow medium for all load and special operating cases. In a steam turbine, the flow medium is steam. Furthermore, the housing must be designed such that inlets and outlets, which are also referred to as taps, are possible. Another feature that a case must meet is the possibility of a shaft end passing through the case.

Bei den im Betrieb auftretenden hohen Spannungen, Drücken und Temperaturen ist es erforderlich, dass die Werkstoffe geeignet ausgewählt werden sowie die Konstruktion derart gewählt ist, dass die mechanische Integrität und Funktionalität ermöglicht wird. Dafür ist es erforderlich, dass hochwertige Werkstoffe zum Einsatz kommen, insbesondere im Bereich der Einströmung und der ersten Leitschaufelnuten.In the high voltages, pressures and temperatures that occur during operation, it is necessary that the materials are suitably selected and the construction chosen such is that the mechanical integrity and functionality is enabled. This requires that high-quality materials are used, especially in the area of the inflow and the first Leitschaufelnuten.

Für die Anwendungen bei Frischdampftemperaturen von über 650°C, wie z.B. 700°C, sind Nickel-Basis-Legierungen geeignet, da sie den bei hohen Temperaturen auftretenden Belastungen standhalten. Allerdings ist die Verwendung einer solchen Nickel-Basis-Legierung mit neuen Herausforderungen verbunden. So sind die Kosten für Nickel-Basis-Legierungen vergleichsweise hoch und außerdem ist die Fertigbarkeit von Nickel-Basis-Legierungen, z.B. durch beschränkte Gussmöglichkeit begrenzt. Dies führt dazu, dass die Verwendung von Nickel-Basis-Werkstoffen minimiert werden muss. Des Weiteren sind die Nickel-Basis-Werkstoffe schlechte Wärmeleiter. Dadurch sind die Temperaturgradienten über der Wandstärke so starr, dass Thermospannungen vergleichsweise hoch sind. Des Weiteren ist zu berücksichtigen, dass bei der Verwendung von Nickel-Basis-Werkstoffen die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Ein- und Auslass der Dampfturbine steigt.For applications at live steam temperatures in excess of 650 ° C, e.g. 700 ° C, nickel-base alloys are suitable because they withstand the stresses occurring at high temperatures. However, the use of such a nickel-based alloy is associated with new challenges. Thus, the cost of nickel-base alloys is comparatively high and, in addition, the manufacturability of nickel-base alloys, e.g. limited by limited casting possibilities. As a result, the use of nickel-based materials must be minimized. Furthermore, the nickel-based materials are poor heat conductors. As a result, the temperature gradients over the wall thickness are so rigid that thermal stresses are comparatively high. Furthermore, it must be taken into account that when using nickel-based materials, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the steam turbine increases.

Es werden derzeit verschiedene Konzepte verfolgt, um eine Dampfturbine bereitzustellen, die für hohe Temperaturen und für hohe Drücke geeignet ist. So ist es bekannt, eine aus mehreren Teilen umfassende Innengehäusestruktur in eine Außengehäusestruktur einzuarbeiten gemäß dem Artikel Y. Tanaka et al. "Advanced Design of Mitsubishi Large Steam Turbines", Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Power Gen Europe, 2003, Düsseldorf, May 06.-08., 2003 .
Es ist ebenso bekannt, ein Innengehäuse aus zwei Teilen auszubilden gemäß DE 10 2006 027 237 A1 .
In der DE 342 1067 wird ebenfalls eine mehrkomponentige Innengehäusestruktur offenbart sowie in der DE 103 53 451 A1- und in den U.S.2004/0071544 , U.S.2005/0106006 .
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine weitere Möglichkeit anzubieten, ein Innengehäuse derart auszubilden, dass es für hohe Temperaturen und Drücke geeignet ist.Various concepts are currently being pursued to provide a steam turbine suitable for high temperatures and high pressures. Thus, it is known to incorporate a multi-part inner housing structure in an outer housing structure according to the article Y. Tanaka et al. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Power Gen Europe, 2003, Dusseldorf, May 06.-08., 2003 ,
It is also known to form an inner housing of two parts according to DE 10 2006 027 237 A1 ,
In the DE 342 1067 is also disclosed a multi-component inner housing structure and in the DE 103 53 451 A1 and in the US2004 / 0071544 . US2005 / 0106006 ,
It is an object of the invention to provide a further possibility to form an inner housing such that it is suitable for high temperatures and pressures.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen aufgeführt.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims advantageous developments are listed.

Ein wesentlicher Gedanke der Erfindung ist es, eine dreischalige Dampfturbine auszubilden. Das Innengehäuse wird hierbei in ein inneres Innengehäuse und ein äußeres Innengehäuse ausgebildet. Das innere Innengehäuse ist im Bereich des Einströmbereiches angeordnet und muss daher den hohen Temperaturen und den hohen Drücken standhalten. Daher ist das innere Innengehäuse aus einem geeigneten Material, wie z.B. aus einer Nickel-Basis-Legierung ausgebildet. Zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse und dem Rotor ist der Strömungskanal ausgebildet. Das innere Innengehäuse weist daher Vorrichtungen wie z.B. Nuten auf, um darin Leitschaufeln tragen zu können. Um das innere Innengehäuse ist ein äußeres Innengehäuse angeordnet. Wesentlich hierbei ist, dass zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse und dem äußeren Innengehäuse ein Kühldampfraum entsteht, der mit Kühlmedium beaufschlagt wird. Das äußere Innengehäuse ist dabei derart ausgebildet, dass es in Strömungsrichtung gesehen an das innere Innengehäuse angrenzt und eine Begrenzung des Strömungskanals darstellt, wobei auch in dem äußeren Innengehäuse Vorrichtungen, wie z.B. Nuten vorgesehen sind, um Leitschaufeln tragen zu können.An essential idea of the invention is to form a three-shell steam turbine. The inner housing is in this case formed in an inner inner housing and an outer inner housing. The inner inner housing is located in the region of the inflow area and must therefore be able to withstand the high temperatures and the high pressures. Therefore, the inner inner housing is made of a suitable material, such as e.g. formed of a nickel-based alloy. Between the inner inner housing and the rotor of the flow channel is formed. The inner inner housing therefore has devices such as e.g. Grooves to carry in it vanes. To the inner inner housing, an outer inner housing is arranged. It is essential that between the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing, a cooling steam space is formed, which is acted upon by cooling medium. The outer inner housing is designed in such a way that, viewed in the flow direction, it adjoins the inner inner housing and forms a boundary of the flow channel, wherein devices in the outer inner housing, such as, for example, are also provided. Grooves are provided to carry vanes can.

Das äußere Innengehäuse wird mit einem Dampf beaufschlagt, der eine geringere Temperatur und einen geringeren Druck aufweist, so dass das Material des äußeren Innengehäuses weniger warmfest sein muss als das Material des inneren Innengehäuses. Insbesondere genügt es, wenn das äußere Innengehäuse aus einem weniger hochwertigen Werkstoff ausgebildet ist. Um das innere Innengehäuse und dem äußeren Innengehäuse ist ein Außengehäuse angeordnet.The outer inner casing is subjected to a vapor having a lower temperature and a lower pressure, so that the material of the outer inner casing must be less heat-resistant than the material of the inner inner casing. In particular, it is sufficient if the outer inner housing is formed of a less high-quality material. Around the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing, an outer housing is arranged.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse und dem äußeren Innengehäuse eine strömungstechnische Verbindung vorgesehen, mit dem es möglich ist, ein Kühlmedium aus dem Strömungskanal in den Kühldampfraum zu befördern. Dieser Kühldampf wird somit aus dem Strömungskanal entnommen, wodurch die Primär- als auch die Sekundärspannungen im inneren Innengehäuse gering gehalten werden können. Primärspannungen sind mechanische Spannungen, die in Folge von äußeren Lasten, z.B. Dampfdrücken, Gewichtskräften usw. entstehen. Demgegenüber sind Sekundärspannungen, die auch als Thermospannungen bezeichnet werden, solche mechanische Spannungen, die in Folge von nicht ausgeglichenen Temperaturfeldern oder Veränderungen der Wärmedehnungen entstehen.In an advantageous development, a fluidic connection is provided between the inner inner housing and the outer inner housing, with which it is possible to enter To convey cooling medium from the flow channel in the cooling steam space. This cooling steam is thus removed from the flow channel, whereby the primary and the secondary stresses in the inner inner housing can be kept low. Primary stresses are mechanical stresses that arise as a result of external loads, such as vapor pressures, weight forces, etc. In contrast, secondary voltages, which are also referred to as thermal stresses, such mechanical stresses that arise as a result of unbalanced temperature fields or changes in thermal expansion.

Der in dem Kühldampfraum befindliche Kühldampf ist gleichzeitig als Isolierung zum äußeren Innengehäuse nutzbar. Des Weiteren ist eine Entwässerungsleitung vorgesehen, die bei Stillstand anfallendes Kondenswasser ableitet. In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist die Dampfturbine als zweiflutige Dampfturbine ausgebildet, wodurch Spannungen und Kräfte aus Symmetriegründen optimal aufeinander abgestimmt werden können.The cooling steam located in the cooling steam space can also be used as insulation for the outer inner housing. Furthermore, a drainage line is provided which dissipates condensate occurring at standstill. In a further advantageous development, the steam turbine is designed as a double-flow steam turbine, whereby stresses and forces can be optimally coordinated for reasons of symmetry.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Diese sollen die Ausführungsbeispiele nicht maßstäblich darstellen, vielmehr ist die Zeichnung, wozu Erläuterungen dienlich, in schematisierter und/oder leicht verzerrter Form ausgeführt. Im Hinblick auf Ergänzungen der aus der Zeichnung unmittelbar erkennbaren Lehren wird hier auf den einschlägigen Stand der Technik verwiesen.Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. These are not intended to represent the exemplary embodiments to scale, but rather the drawing, including explanations, is executed in a schematized and / or slightly distorted form. With regard to additions to the teachings directly recognizable from the drawing reference is made here to the relevant prior art.

Im Einzelnen zeigt die Zeichnung in:

Figur 1
eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine zweiflutige Dampfturbine;
Figur 2
eine teilweise Schnittdarstellung durch eine Dampfturbine in Strömungsrichtung gesehen.
In detail, the drawing shows in:
FIG. 1
a sectional view through a double-flow steam turbine;
FIG. 2
a partial sectional view through a steam turbine seen in the flow direction.

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Schnittdarstellung durch die Strömungsmaschine 1 umfasst im Wesentlichen ein Außengehäuse 2, ein innerhalb des Außengehäuses 2 angeordnetes äußeres Innengehäuse 3 und ein innerhalb des äußeren Innengehäuses 3 angeordnetes inneres Innengehäuse 4.In the FIG. 1 The sectional view through the turbomachine 1 shown essentially comprises an outer housing 2, an outer inner housing 3 arranged inside the outer housing 2 and an inner inner housing 4 arranged inside the outer inner housing 3.

Innerhalb des äußeren Innengehäuses 3 und des inneren Innengehäuses 4 ist ein Rotor 5 um eine Rotationsachse 6 drehbar gelagert. Zwischen dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3 und dem Rotor 5 sowie zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse 4 und dem Rotor 5 ist ein Strömungskanal 7 ausgebildet. Der Übersichtlichkeit wegen sind einzelne Lauf- und Leitschaufeln nicht näher dargestellt. Die Leitschaufeln werden am inneren Innengehäuse 4 und am äußeren Innengehäuse 3 angeordnet. Auf den Rotor 5 werden die Laufschaufeln derart angeordnet, dass im Strömungskanal 7 die thermische Energie eines Frischdampfes in Rotationsenergie umgewandelt werden kann. Frischdampf strömt über eine nicht näher dargestellten Frischdampfeintrittsbereich zunächst in einen ersten Strömungsbereich 8, der zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse 4 und dem Rotor 5 angeordnet ist.Within the outer inner casing 3 and the inner inner casing 4, a rotor 5 is rotatably supported about a rotation axis 6. Between the outer inner casing 3 and the rotor 5 and between the inner inner casing 4 and the rotor 5, a flow channel 7 is formed. For clarity, individual runners and vanes are not shown in detail. The vanes are arranged on the inner inner casing 4 and on the outer inner casing 3. On the rotor 5, the blades are arranged such that in the flow channel 7, the thermal energy of a live steam can be converted into rotational energy. Fresh steam flows via a live steam inlet region, not shown, first into a first flow region 8, which is arranged between the inner inner casing 4 and the rotor 5.

Das innere Innengehäuse 4 ist aus einem Nickel-Basis-Werkstoff ausgebildet. Das äußere Innengehäuse 3 kann aus einem weniger hochwarmfesten Material ausgebildet sein. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist das innere Innengehäuse 4 aus einem hochchromigen Stahl, der 9 bis 10 Gew-% Chrom umfasst, ausgebildet, wobei das äußere Innengehäuse 3 aus einem weniger hochwertigen Werkstoff ausgebildet ist als das innere Innengehäuse 4.The inner inner housing 4 is formed of a nickel-based material. The outer inner housing 3 may be formed of a less highly heat-resistant material. In an alternative embodiment, the inner inner housing 4 is formed of a high-chromium steel comprising 9 to 10 wt% chromium, wherein the outer inner housing 3 is formed of a less high-quality material than the inner inner housing 4.

Der im ersten Strömungsbereich 8 strömende Dampf strömt in einer Strömungsrichtung 9 entlang des Strömungskanals 7. Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Dampfturbine 1 ist zweiflutig ausgebildet, d.h., dass im ersten Einströmbereich 8 der Dampf sowohl entlang einer ersten Flut als auch entlang einer zweiten Flut strömt. Das äußere Innengehäuse 3 grenzt an das innere Innengehäuse 4 an. Zwischen dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3 und dem Strömungskanal 7 ist ein zweiter Strömungsbereich 10 ausgebildet. Das äußere Innengehäuse 3 umfasst Vorrichtungen, z.B. Nuten zur Aufnahme der Leitschaufeln. Das innere Innengehäuse 4 ist in nicht näher dargestellter Weise im äußeren Innengehäuse 3 aufgehängt. Das äußere Innengehäuse ist im Bereich des ersten Strömungsbereiches 8 um das innere Innengehäuse 4 ausgebildet. Das äußere Innengehäuse 3 ist hierbei bezogen auf die Rotationsachse 6 um das innere Innengehäuse 4 ausgebildet. Außerhalb des ersten Strömungsbereiches 8 ist das äußere Innengehäuse 3 bezogen auf die Rotationsachse 6 nicht um das innere Innengehäuse 4 angeordnet. Der erste Strömungsbereich 8 umfasst den Strömungskanal bis zu der Stelle, an der das innere Innengehäuse 4 aufhört. Zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse 4 und dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3 ist an dem Übergangsbereich zwischen dem ersten Strömungsbereich 8 und dem zweiten Strömungsbereich 10 eine strömungstechnische Verbindung 11 angeordnet. Ein aus dem Strömungskanal 7 entspannter Dampf kann somit über die strömungstechnische Verbindung 11 in einen zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse 4 und dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3 befindlichen Kühldampfraum 12 strömen. Die Stelle der strömungstechnischen Verbindung 11 muss daher geeignet gewählt werden, damit ein Kühlmedium mit entsprechender Temperatur und entsprechendem Druck über die Strömungstechnische Verbindung 11 in den Kühldampfraum 12 strömt. Dieses in dem Kühldampfraum 12 strömende Kühlmedium isoliert das innere Innengehäuse 4 gegenüber dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3. Im Wesentlichen ist das äußere Innengehäuse 3 umfassend aus einem ersten äußeren Inngehäuseoberteil und einem zweiten unteren äußeren Innengehäuseteil. Das äußere Innengehäuse 3 umfasst im Wesentlichen drei Abschnitte, die unterschiedlich geformt sind. So ist in einem ersten Abschnitt das Innengehäuse im Wesentlichen parallel zum Strömungskanal 9 ausgebildet. Dieser erste Bereich ist sowohl in der einen als auch in der anderen Flut mehr oder weniger symmetrisch ausgebildet. In einem Übergangsbereich, der in der Nähe der strömungstechnischen Verbindung 11 angeordnet ist, grenzt der zweite mittlere Bereich des äußeren Innengehäuses 3 an. Dieser mittlere Bereich ist gekennzeichnet durch eine zunächst radiale Ausrichtung, um einen Kühldampfraum 12 zwischen dem inneren Innengehäuse 4 und dem äußeren Innengehäuse 3 ausbilden zu können.The steam flowing in the first flow region 8 flows in a flow direction 9 along the flow channel 7 FIG. 1 shown steam turbine 1 is formed double-flow, that is, that in the first inflow region 8 of the steam flows both along a first tide and along a second tide. The outer inner housing 3 adjoins the inner inner housing 4. Between the outer inner casing 3 and the flow channel 7, a second flow region 10 is formed. The outer inner housing 3 comprises devices, eg grooves for receiving the guide vanes. The inner inner housing 4 is suspended in a manner not shown in the outer inner housing 3. The outer inner casing is formed around the inner inner casing 4 in the region of the first flow region 8. The outer inner housing 3 is in this case formed with respect to the axis of rotation 6 about the inner inner housing 4. Outside the first flow region 8, the outer inner casing 3 is not arranged around the inner inner casing 4 relative to the axis of rotation 6. The first flow region 8 comprises the flow channel up to the point at which the inner inner housing 4 stops. Between the inner inner housing 4 and the outer inner housing 3, a fluidic connection 11 is arranged at the transition area between the first flow area 8 and the second flow area 10. A relaxed steam from the flow channel 7 can thus flow through the fluidic connection 11 in a located between the inner inner housing 4 and the outer inner housing 3 cooling steam space 12. The location of the fluidic connection 11 must therefore be suitably selected so that a cooling medium with a corresponding temperature and corresponding pressure flows via the fluidic connection 11 into the cooling steam space 12. This cooling medium flowing in the cooling steam space 12 isolates the inner inner casing 4 from the outer inner casing 3. Essentially, the outer inner casing 3 is comprised of a first outer inner casing top and a second lower outer inner casing part. The outer inner housing 3 essentially comprises three sections that are shaped differently. Thus, in a first section, the inner housing is formed substantially parallel to the flow channel 9. This first region is more or less symmetrical in both the one and the other tide. In a transition region, which is arranged in the vicinity of the fluidic connection 11, the second middle region of the outer inner housing 3 adjoins. This middle one Area is characterized by an initially radial orientation in order to form a cooling steam space 12 between the inner inner housing 4 and the outer inner housing 3 can.

Zum Schutz der Dampfturbine ist unter anderem im Kühldampfraum 12 eine nicht näher dargestellte Entwässerungsleitung vorgesehen, die bei Stillstand der Dampfturbine anfallendes Kondenswasser ableitet. In der Figur 2 ist eine Darstellung der Dampfturbine 1 in Strömungsrichtung zu sehen. Der in Figur 2 dargestellte Schnitt ist in etwa in der Mitte 13 der Dampfturbine 1 ausgeführt. Der im Kühldampfraum 12 befindliche Kühldampf wird über eine Kühldampfableitung aus dem Kühldampfraum geführt. Die Kühldampfableitung ist hierbei im äußeren Innengehäuse 3 mittels einer Bohrung ausgeführt. Die Kühldampfableitung 14 ist im Oberteil des äußeren Innengehäuses 3 angeordnet.To protect the steam turbine, a drainage line, not shown, is provided, inter alia, in the cooling steam chamber 12, which dissipates condensate occurring at a standstill of the steam turbine. In the FIG. 2 is an illustration of the steam turbine 1 to see in the flow direction. The in FIG. 2 Section shown is performed approximately in the center 13 of the steam turbine 1. The cooling steam located in the cooling steam space 12 is led out of the cooling steam space via a cooling steam discharge. The cooling steam dissipation is in this case carried out in the outer inner housing 3 by means of a bore. The cooling steam discharge line 14 is arranged in the upper part of the outer inner housing 3.

Claims (9)

  1. Turbomachine (1) ,
    comprising a rotor (5) which is mounted such that it can rotate about a rotation axis (6), an inner inner housing (4) and an outer inner housing (3) which are arranged around the rotor (5), and an outer housing (2) which is arranged around the inner and the outer inner housings (3, 4),
    wherein a first flow area (8) for a flow medium to flow in a flow direction (9) is formed between the inner inner housing (4) and the rotor (5), and a second flow area (10) is formed between the outer inner housing (3) and the rotor (5) downstream from the first flow area (8), seen in the flow direction, wherein a flow channel (7) which has rotor blades and stator blades is formed between the outer inner housing (3) and the rotor (5), as well as between the inner inner housing (4) and the rotor (5),
    wherein the outer inner housing (3) is arranged around the inner inner housing (4) only in the area of the first flow area (8) along the rotation axis (6),
    wherein the turbomachine (1) is a twin-flow machine, wherein stator blades are arranged on the inner inner housing (4) and on the outer inner housing (3), wherein a cooling steam outlet line (14) is formed for a cooling medium which is located in the cooling steam area (12) to flow out of the cooling steam area (12), and wherein the outer inner housing (3) comprises an outer inner housing upper part and an outer inner housing lower part, characterized in that the cooling steam outlet line (14) is arranged in the outer inner housing upper part.
  2. Turbomachine (1) according to Claim 1,
    wherein a cooling steam area (12) is formed between the inner inner housing (4) and the outer inner housing (3).
  3. Turbomachine (1) according to Claim 2,
    wherein a flow connection (11) is formed between the first and/or second flow areas (8, 9) and the cooling steam area (12), between the inner inner housing (4) and the outer inner housing (3).
  4. Turbomachine (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the inner inner housing (4) is formed from a nickel-based material.
  5. Turbomachine (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    wherein the inner inner housing (4) is formed from a steel with a high chromium content, which comprises 9-10% by weight of chromium.
  6. Turbomachine (1) according to Claim 9,
    wherein the outer inner housing (3) is formed from a material of less high quality than the inner inner housing (4).
  7. Turbomachine (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein an apparatus for holding stator blades is provided in the inner inner housing (4) and in the outer inner housing (3) .
  8. Turbomachine (1) according to Claim 6,
    wherein the apparatuses are in the form of grooves.
  9. Turbomachine (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
    having an inlet-flow area for fresh steam,
    wherein the inner inner housing (4) is arranged in the area of the inlet-flow area.
EP09748321A 2008-11-13 2009-11-03 Inner housing for a turbomachine Not-in-force EP2344730B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09748321A EP2344730B1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-03 Inner housing for a turbomachine

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08019820A EP2187004A1 (en) 2008-11-13 2008-11-13 Internal casing for a current machine
PCT/EP2009/064492 WO2010054951A1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-03 Inner housing for a turbomachine
EP09748321A EP2344730B1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-03 Inner housing for a turbomachine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2344730A1 EP2344730A1 (en) 2011-07-20
EP2344730B1 true EP2344730B1 (en) 2012-12-26

Family

ID=40791090

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08019820A Withdrawn EP2187004A1 (en) 2008-11-13 2008-11-13 Internal casing for a current machine
EP09748321A Not-in-force EP2344730B1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-03 Inner housing for a turbomachine

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08019820A Withdrawn EP2187004A1 (en) 2008-11-13 2008-11-13 Internal casing for a current machine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110280720A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2187004A1 (en)
JP (1) JP5497055B2 (en)
CN (1) CN102216569A (en)
WO (1) WO2010054951A1 (en)

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US10677092B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2020-06-09 General Electric Company Inner casing cooling passage for double flow turbine

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EP2690253A1 (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-01-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Low pressure turbine
US20140119886A1 (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-01 General Electric Company Turbine cowling system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5497055B2 (en) 2014-05-21
US20110280720A1 (en) 2011-11-17
WO2010054951A1 (en) 2010-05-20
EP2344730A1 (en) 2011-07-20
EP2187004A1 (en) 2010-05-19
JP2012508844A (en) 2012-04-12
CN102216569A (en) 2011-10-12

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