EP2338646B1 - Steuerungsverfahren für eine handgeführte Werkzeugmaschine - Google Patents

Steuerungsverfahren für eine handgeführte Werkzeugmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2338646B1
EP2338646B1 EP10192907.3A EP10192907A EP2338646B1 EP 2338646 B1 EP2338646 B1 EP 2338646B1 EP 10192907 A EP10192907 A EP 10192907A EP 2338646 B1 EP2338646 B1 EP 2338646B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric motor
rotation
control method
jam
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10192907.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2338646A3 (de
EP2338646A2 (de
Inventor
Dieter Profunser
Michael Wierer
Alexander Hoop
Hans Böni
Manuel Gut
Christof Freischläger
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2338646A2 publication Critical patent/EP2338646A2/de
Publication of EP2338646A3 publication Critical patent/EP2338646A3/de
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Publication of EP2338646B1 publication Critical patent/EP2338646B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control method for a hand-held machine tool and a machine tool as indicated in the preamble of claim 1 and from WO 2009/102082 A2 known.
  • a protective mechanism for a drill is known, which is intended to protect the user against excessive loading when blocking a drill. Once a jam is detected or expected, the drill disables. There may be cases in which the drill permanently jammed.
  • One object is a control method that protects the user and counteracts a permanent jamming of a drill.
  • a driving electric motor rotates in a direction opposite to a rotation direction before a blockage reverse rotation for a duration when a blockage is detected. Immediately thereafter, the electric motor rotates again in the direction of rotation before the blockage.
  • the control method proves surprisingly qualitatively different from a brief interruption of the drive train by a slip clutch during blocking and a periodic interruption in a permanent blocking. While the user can subsequently, also with the assistance of the electric motor, try to solve the tool, however, tests show a much lower success rate than with an active reversal of the direction of rotation. This is particularly surprising because the drill is jammed in a blockage usually not only in forward but also in the reverse direction. It is believed that releasing the drill when turning the direction of rotation could have a positive effect. The added value outweighs the obvious disadvantage of a higher load on the drill when turning contrary to the standard direction of rotation for which gear wheels and clutches are not designed or can only be designed with additional effort.
  • the hand-held rotating machine tool e.g. for a drill, has an electric motor for driving a rotating tool, a sensor device for detecting a blockage of the tool; a driving device that, in response to a blockage detected by the sensor device, reverses a direction of rotation of the electric motor for a duration prior to the blockage, and immediately thereafter causes the electric motor to rotate again in the rotational direction.
  • the direction of rotation thus changes briefly after a blockade of a forward direction to a reverse direction and then immediately back in a forward direction.
  • the engine is not switched off in the meantime, but is alternately braking and accelerating. Changing the direction of rotation can also be repeated several times.
  • An embodiment provides that the duration is 25 ms to 1000 ms.
  • One embodiment provides that a sensor device detects a rotation of a tool holder counter to the working direction and, in response thereto, causes the electric motor to rotate in the direction of rotation before the blockage.
  • An embodiment provides that a sensor device based on a power consumption, e.g. the current consumption, the electric motor detects a blockage of the drill.
  • a rotational acceleration during the blockage is detected and the duration determined as a function of the detected rotational acceleration of the housing.
  • threshold values for detecting a blockage infestation for a second duration are reduced after a first blockage incident. After a blockade has been detected for the first time, as a precaution, an immediately following blockage can be expected when the drill is turning forward. As a result, the reaction time is advantageously reduced.
  • the second duration may be twice to five times the aforementioned duration.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hand-held drill 10 .
  • the drilling machine 10 has a machine housing 11 and one or two handles 12 for holding the drilling machine 10 by a user.
  • the handle 12 may be rigidly attached to the machine housing 11 or by means of vibration damping elements 13 on the machine housing 11 .
  • an electric motor 14 drives a spindle 15 .
  • the electric motor 14 is, for example, a mechanically or electronically commutating DC motor or an asynchronous AC motor.
  • a transmission 16 and / or an overload clutch 17 for example a slip clutch may be connected.
  • the spindle 15 transmits its rotational movement by means of a tool holder 18 on a drill 19th
  • a direction of rotation of the rotational movement of the spindle 15 and thus also of the electric motor 14 is typically fixed and matched to the design of the drill 19 .
  • the direction of rotation for standard operation is hereinafter referred to as working direction 20 or forward.
  • machine tools such as a screwdriver, the working direction 20 can be adjusted by a user.
  • An actuating button 21 for activating the drilling machine 10 is preferably arranged on the handle 12 or on the machine housing 11 .
  • the actuating button 21 is connected in a circuit between a power source 22 , such as a battery or a mains connection, and the electric motor 14 .
  • the drill 10 shuts off when the user releases the actuation button 21 .
  • the actuating button 21 may also include a locking mechanism, which has a permanent operation of the drill 10 also without continuous actuation of the actuating button 21 allows.
  • the actuating button 21 activates a drive device 23 for the electric motor 14 as soon as it is pressed.
  • the control device 23 controls the direction of rotation of the electric motor 14 and optionally also the power output of the electric motor 14 .
  • the control device 23 controls the direction of rotation of the electric motor 14 in various ways.
  • a mechanically commutating DC motor eg universal motor
  • a current flow direction is set by the windings depending on the desired direction of rotation.
  • the direction of rotation is predetermined by a time sequence in which windings of the electric motor 14 are supplied with power.
  • the drilling machine 10 applies to the user a retroactive torque which results in response to the torque transmitted to the workpiece by the drill 19 .
  • the retroactive torque is low.
  • a high retroactive torque results due to the abruptly braked rotating assemblies.
  • the user can no longer counteract this retroactive torque sufficiently, which is why the entire drill 10 including the handles 12 begins to rotate about the axis of rotation of the drill 19 .
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a control method for the drilling machine 10 that takes into account locking of the drill 19 .
  • the driving device 23 is activated or released (start action 101 ).
  • the electric motor 14 is connected to the power source 22 and rotates in the operating direction 20 (operation action 102 ).
  • the spindle 15 and the drill 19 inserted into the tool holder 18 rotate forward, in the working direction 20 .
  • the control device 23 can actively decelerate the electric motor 14 .
  • the windings can be short-circuited.
  • a sensor device 24 monitors the operating behavior upon blocking of the drill 19 (monitoring action 105 ). As soon as the sensor device 24 detects a blockage (blockade case 106 , time t0), the direction of rotation of the electric motor 14 is reversed. The electric motor 14 is actively decelerated to standstill (safety action 107 ). A first duration T1 until the electric motor 14 is stopped depends inter alia on a torque of the electric motor 14 . As soon as the stoppage of the electric motor 14 is reached, this immediately accelerates backwards, counter to the previous working direction 20 (reversing action 108 ).
  • the electric motor 14 rotates backwards. Compared to the time at which a blocking has been detected, the electric motor 14 is rotated back by one angle.
  • the spindle 15 and the drill 19 at least partially follow the reverse rotation of the electric motor 14 . Due to the inertia and elasticity of the components in the power transmission path, such as the spindle 15, and also the drill 19, they twist during locking and relax during reverse rotation of the electric motor 14 .
  • the direction of rotation is then changed again to the second duration T2 and the electric motor 14 rotates forward again (operation recording action 109 ).
  • the sensor device 24 again monitors the operating behavior, if it has been deactivated during the reverse rotation expediently.
  • the cause of the blockage is often not resolved after a single reset of the electric motor 14 by an angle by the safety action 107 and reversing action 108 and the subsequent operation recording action 109 .
  • the sensor device 24 recognizes again a blockage (blockade case 106, time t1) and in this case will again trigger a reset of the electric motor 14 , ie the safety action 107 , reversing action 108 and the subsequent operation recording action 109 .
  • the direction of rotation of the electric motor 14 changes in sequence almost periodically for several cycles.
  • the electric motor 14 remains permanently in operation for several cycles.
  • the sensor device 24 has one or more acceleration sensors 25 on the machine housing 11 or the handle 12 , the preferably offset from a rotational axis 26 of the spindle 15 are arranged.
  • the acceleration sensors 25 detect a rotational movement of the machine housing 11 .
  • the detected acceleration values are conditioned and compared with a measure that is characteristic for blocking.
  • the measure may be based on the current acceleration value and a history of the acceleration values.
  • the sensor device 24 recognizes this as a blockage (blockage case 105 ).
  • the recognition of a new blocking within 20 ms to 2000 ms can be based on criteria other than the detection of the previous blockage. In particular, a lower threshold can be used.
  • the sensor device 24 has one or more current sensors 27 , which detect a power consumption of the electric motor 14 .
  • the power consumption typically increases abruptly when the drill 19 turns stiffly just before a blockage.
  • the current sensors 27 may be included, for example, in a motor drive for the electrically commutated electric motor.
  • the degree of blockage detection may be based on the current values and the acceleration values described above.
  • the second duration T2 for which the electric motor 14 rotates backward be predetermined for the drill 10 fixed.
  • a sensor device 28 is provided which determines a direction of rotation of the tool holder 18 . After a reverse rotation of the tool holder 18 , for example, determined by an angle of 2 degrees to 5 degrees, the second duration T2 is terminated and the electric motor 14 rotates forward again.
  • the sensor device 28 can detect, for example, the rotation of the tool holder 18 by means of inductive sensors.
  • Another embodiment determines the torque acting on the spindle 15 , ie the torque output by the electric motor 14 , during the second duration T2. As soon as the torque falls below a threshold, the second duration T2 is terminated. It is assumed that the electric motor 14 outputs a lower torque with decreasing load. The load is reduced as soon as the drill 19 and other elements 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 to be rotated are accelerated against their moments of inertia and rotate backwards.
  • a sensor device 29 with strain sensors detects a tension of the spindle 15 .
  • the second duration T2 ends when the sensor device 29 detects a drop in a tension below a threshold value. The tension leaves when the drill 19 rotates backwards and is not accelerated further or to a lesser extent.
  • the methods and sensor devices that trigger termination of the second duration T2 can be combined in a variety of ways.
  • the second duration T2 may be set to a predetermined maximum value of e.g. 10 ms to 25 ms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
EP10192907.3A 2009-12-16 2010-11-29 Steuerungsverfahren für eine handgeführte Werkzeugmaschine Active EP2338646B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009054762A DE102009054762A1 (de) 2009-12-16 2009-12-16 Steuerungsverfahren für eine handgeführte Werkzeugmaschine und Werkzeugmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2338646A2 EP2338646A2 (de) 2011-06-29
EP2338646A3 EP2338646A3 (de) 2013-12-04
EP2338646B1 true EP2338646B1 (de) 2014-12-17

Family

ID=43982362

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10192907.3A Active EP2338646B1 (de) 2009-12-16 2010-11-29 Steuerungsverfahren für eine handgeführte Werkzeugmaschine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8561715B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2338646B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5711517B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102101186A (zh)
DE (1) DE102009054762A1 (zh)

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US8418778B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2013-04-16 Black & Decker Inc. Power screwdriver having rotary input control
US9266178B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2016-02-23 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having rotary input control
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5711517B2 (ja) 2015-04-30
US20110162860A1 (en) 2011-07-07
JP2011126001A (ja) 2011-06-30
EP2338646A3 (de) 2013-12-04
DE102009054762A1 (de) 2011-06-22
EP2338646A2 (de) 2011-06-29
US8561715B2 (en) 2013-10-22
CN102101186A (zh) 2011-06-22

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