Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/02—Details
  • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
  • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
  • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H2009/0088—Details of rotatable shafts common to more than one pole or switch unit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
  • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
  • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of electrical switching apparatus comprising two switches, such as a bar switch and an earthing switch.
• each switch such as a disconnector comprises a pair of contacts consisting of a fixed contact and a movable contact in translation so as to separate mutually when switching.
• the main application is the medium or high voltage according to which a bar disconnector and an earthing switch are arranged in insulating envelopes each filled with a dielectric gas under a controlled atmosphere, such as SF6.
• the mechanical maneuvers of this type of apparatus are independent, provided by two separate mechanical controls and controlled by mechanical or electrical interlocking devices.
• These interlocking devices the purpose of which is to ensure the safety of persons and equipment, have the function of allowing the position of the bar switch to be kept in the open position when the earthing switch is in the closed position. last not to take place in the presence of an electrical voltage on the main electrical circuit.
• EP 0 735 637 B1 discloses in its embodiment of Figure 8, an electrical switching apparatus comprising two bar disconnectors 28, 35; 29, 36 in which the two movable contacts 35, 36 movable in translation are each connected by means of a coupling rod 42, 43 of generally rectilinear shape to a single-arm lever 45.
• This lever 45 is itself fixed to a rotation shaft 21 whose axis of rotation is arranged at the intersection of the respective translation axes of the contacts 35, 36.
• EP 1 082 791 B1 also discloses in its embodiment of FIG. 2 an electrical switching apparatus comprising a bar switch 53, 31 and an earthing switch 55, 16 in which the two movable contacts 53, 55 translation are connected each via a coupling rod 74, 75 of generally rectilinear shape to a single-arm lever 71.
• This lever 71 is itself fixed to a rotation shaft 7 whose axis of rotation is arranged at a distance al, a2 of respective translation axes of the contacts 53, 55.
• EP 1 068 659 B1 discloses, in its embodiment of Figure 2, an electrical switching apparatus comprising two switches 25, 22, 23; 24, 22, 23 in which a single contact 22 movable in translation is connected, via a bushing 26 arranged in the contact 22, to a single-arm lever 61.
• This lever 61 is itself fixed to a rotation shaft 5 whose axis of rotation is arranged at a distance from the axis of translation of the movable contact 22.
• the transmission ratio ratio between the linear stroke of the movable contact 22, the angular travel of the rotation shaft 5
• the parallelogram of the forces are not optimized near the closed positions (mutual support of the movable contact 22 with the corresponding fixed contact 23 or with the fixed contact 24).
• Such a high ratio requires a high torque on the shaft 5.
• a radial force reacts on the movable contact 22 near the closed positions with the risk that it rotates.
• the structures of the switching devices disclosed in the aforementioned documents all have the drawback of generating a reaction force on the rotation shaft when the movable contacts are in the closed position, that is to say when they are in mutual support with their corresponding fixed contact. In other words, undesirable loads are applied to the rotation shaft and to the upstream actuator which provides the rotational movement to the shaft.
• the structures of the disclosed devices are not optimal for use in very high voltage because the dielectric cover of the transmission elements (shaft, lever (s), connecting rod) is difficult to achieve.
• An object of the invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the control mechanisms of currently known switching devices, which comprise two switches, such as a bar disconnector and an earthing switch and whose drive means are common to mobile contacts.
• an object of the invention is to propose a control mechanism of an electrical switching apparatus of the type mentioned in the preamble with common drive means including the transmission of force between a rotating control shaft and each contact. mobile translation is optimized.
• an object of the invention is to propose a control mechanism of an electrical switching apparatus of the type mentioned in the preamble with common drive means including the drive ratio (ratio between the translation travel of a moving contact and the angular travel of the rotary control shaft) is variable, with the lowest value close to the closed position of the disconnector concerned.
• Another particular object of the invention is to propose a control mechanism of an electrical switching apparatus of the type mentioned in the preamble with common drive means such that the maximum torque exerted on the control shaft in rotation is low. and such that the transverse forces to the axis of translation of the movable contacts are also small.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a control mechanism of a switching device of the type mentioned in the preamble with common drive means whose size is reduced and whose assembly is easy.
• the invention relates to a control mechanism of an electrical switching apparatus comprising two switches, such as a bar disconnector and an earthing switch, each of which comprises a pair of contacts comprising a fixed contact and a contact movable in translation so as to separate each other during a switch, wherein the control mechanism comprises common means for driving the movable contacts, including a rotating control shaft, which allow the closure of one of the switches all maintaining the opening of the other switches and vice versa, the control mechanism comprising two toggle systems each comprising two levers hinged together, one of the articulated levers being integral with the control shaft and the other being connected to one mobile contacts; mechanism in which the arrangement of the axis of rotation of the control shaft as well as the geometrical shape, the length and the arrangement of the toggle systems make it possible to obtain the drive neutral point by alignment of the pivot axes levers with the axis of rotation of the control shaft, when each movable contact is close to or in its closed position. Thanks to the toggle effect obtained near or in the closed positions, one obtains some sort of
• control mechanism further comprises, for each toggle system, an end stop arranged to mechanically lock the lever secured to the control shaft, at or immediately after the dead point.
• the axis of rotation of the shaft is arranged substantially at the intersection of the translation axes of the movable contacts and the common drive means comprise a two-arm part integral with the control shaft and each arm is articulated to a rod itself articulated to the movable contact, each toggle system being formed by an arm of the part articulated with the link.
• each arm of the part attached to the control shaft has a generally straight shape and wherein each link articulated to a movable contact has a curved shape. This allows to have a relatively long translation travel avoiding geometric interference between each rod and the crank.
• each workpiece arm and each connecting rod have a general straight shape: in fact, the translational stroke of each movable contact is longer because the rotation of the control shaft can be performed on a higher angle of rotation, up to 180 °.
• the axis of rotation of the shaft is arranged at a distance from the axes of translation of the moving contacts in the angular interval of lower value separating them and the common drive means comprise, for a contact given mobile, a lever secured to the control shaft and articulated to another lever attached to a rod itself attached to the movable contact, each knee system being constituted by the two levers.
• the lever secured to the control shaft advantageously comprises two parts forming a U defining internally a free space in which the other lever can be housed during its rotation, this housing during rotation to obtain a rotational stroke of the control shaft of the order of 240 °.
• the two parts of the lever forming a U are preferably made in one and the same piece.
• the axis of rotation of the shaft is arranged at a distance from the translation planes of the moving contacts in the angular interval of lower value separating them
• the common drive means comprise a part to two arms integral with the control shaft and each arm is articulated to an intermediate lever, the intermediate lever being connected indirectly or articulated to a rod itself articulated to the movable contact, each toggle system being made by an arm of the articulated piece with one of the intermediate levers.
• the intermediate lever can be indirectly articulated to the link by an additional part forming return lever.
• the translation axes of the movable contacts and the two levers integral with the control shaft of the two toggle systems are arranged substantially in the same plane.
• the lever of each toggle system attached to the control shaft forms a rotary lever to transmit the rotational control force substantially in the plane in which the movable contact is in translation.
• the invention also relates to a medium and high voltage under metal tank (GIS) station, comprising, for at least one phase, an apparatus for electrical switching comprising an envelope in which are housed at least partially the movable contacts of two switches, such as a bar switch and an earthing switch and a control mechanism as described above.
• GIS medium and high voltage under metal tank
• the station comprises, for each of the three phases, an electrical switching apparatus comprising a casing in which at least part of the mobile contacts of two switches, such as a bar disconnector and an earthing switch, are housed. control as described above with a control shaft made of a single piece which is connected to an actuator and which connects the three envelopes.
• the station comprises for each of the three phases an electrical switching device comprising at least partially the movable contacts of two switches, such as a bar disconnector and an earthing switch and provided with a control mechanism as described above. with a control shaft made of three distinct parts, one part being connected to an actuator and the other two parts each connecting two adjacent envelopes.
• FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a GIS station with sectional view of one of the phases 2A, the station being in the earth position
• FIG. 1 is another partial perspective view of the station GIS according to figure 1,
• FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an electrical switching apparatus 2A according to the invention, the apparatus being in the intermediate position,
• FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 2, the apparatus being in the open position (opening of the bar switch and the earthing switch);
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view; cross section of the embodiment of Figure 2, the apparatus being in the closed position (closing of the bar switch),
• FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an embodiment of an electric switchgear part 2A according to the invention, the contact being in position immediately before its arrival at the neutral position in the closed position (closing of the bar switch),
• Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of electrical switchgear 2A according to the invention, the contact being in the open position,
• FIG. 6A is a schematic perspective view of a part of the apparatus according to FIG. 7 but in position immediately before arriving at the neutral position in the closed position,
• FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an embodiment of an electric switchgear part according to the invention, the apparatus being in the open position,
• FIGS. 8 to 10 are side views of a switching apparatus according to Figure 8 and each showing a different switching position, namely respectively in the open position, in the earth position and in the closed position,
• FIG. 11 is a top view of the switching device according to Figures 8 to 10, made at the control shaft in rotation.
• the following figures show a switching device A according to the invention which makes it possible to perform the switching of a single pole. It goes without saying that the arrangement described hereinafter of a switching apparatus can be repeated for each pole in the case of a multipole combination.
• Figure 1 a portion of a three-phase electrical switching station 1 comprising three identical envelopes 2A, 2B, 2C in each of which is housed a switching device according to the invention. These three identical phases 2A, 2B, 2C are arranged in a common metal tank not shown and fixed to an insulating plate 3 by the conductors 4 ( Figure IA). In addition, an insulating bar 5 fixed to the three identical envelopes 2A, 2B, 2C is provided as mechanical reinforcement.
• the earthing switch 20 and the bar switch 21 of one of the phases 2A are arranged substantially in the same plane and forming an angle of 90 ° between them. It goes without saying that the relative arrangement between earthing switch 20 and bar 21 may be different and such that the disconnectors form an angle of between 70 and 180 °.
• the movable contacts 200, 210 of a phase and the drive means 22 (otherwise called force transmission means) of the same phase are arranged in the same envelope 2A.
• Each movable contact 200, 210 slides in an opening 200A, 210A provided for this purpose in the envelope 2A.
• the fixed contacts 201 of earthing switches are each fixed inside the common metal tank not shown.
• the fixed contacts 211 of the bar disconnectors are each attached to a driver not shown.
• Such an arrangement of the movable contacts 200, 210 and drive means 22 allows the transmission forces to be supported by the same envelope 2A, 2b, 2C, which minimizes the reaction forces from outside.
• the common metal shell acts as a dielectric shrinkage of the live parts, which increases the dielectric strength and reduces the partial discharges.
• the casing also acts as a conductive element for the transmission of current from each conductor to the movable contacts. Contacts 200, 210 are returned inside the envelope in their open position.
• the movable contacts 200, 210 shown are in the form of a cylinder of hollow revolution emerging on either side at their end.
• the fixed contacts or electrodes 201, 211 are in the form of a cylinder of hollow revolution but opening only on the opposite side of the corresponding movable contact 200, 210.
• the proximity of or the closing position of a movable contact of a given switch, earthing switch or bar disconnector corresponds to a complete or almost complete engagement of the movable contact 200, 210 in the contact.
• fixed 201, 211 corresponding.
• Each electrical switching apparatus A, B, C (one phase) with its envelope 2A, 2B, 2C, its movable contacts 200, 210 and part of its common drive means 22 to the movable contacts (lever, rod) can be pre-assembled, which reduces manufacturing costs.
• the common drive means 22 of the movable contacts 200, 210 allow the opening of the earthing switch 20 while maintaining the closure of the bar switch 21 and vice versa.
• the fact that the movable contacts 200, 210 move only very little in their open position makes it possible to obtain a saving of space for the envelope 2A, 2B or 2C.
• the drive means common 22 comprise a control shaft 220 on which is fixed a piece 221 with two arms 2210, 2211 forming levers. These levers 2210, 2211 are generally straight. Each of the two levers 2210, 2211 is articulated at a hinge point 222 with a link 2220, 2221 also forming levers.
• levers 2220, 2221 are of curved shape itself articulated at a hinge point 223 to the corresponding movable contact 200, 210, that is to say to the moving contact of the earthing switch 20 and the bar switch 21. Thanks to the curved shape of the levers 2220, 2221, these are arranged around the control shaft 220 in the open position of the movable contacts 200, 210, as illustrated in FIG. 4 for the lever 2220. to the control shaft to have a rotational stroke of the order of 180 ° and, for this important angle of rotation to obtain a small translational stroke of each movable contact concerned in the range of its open positions .
• the axis of rotation X of the control shaft 220 is arranged substantially at the intersection of the translation axes of the movable contacts 200, 210.
• the control shaft 220 is made in one piece passing through a part of the tank to the outside and carried by one by the three envelopes 2A, 2B and 2C and secondly by another part of the tank. The passage of the control shaft through the tank is sealed.
• An actuator (not shown), for example of electromechanical type, which controls the rotation of the shaft 220 is arranged outside the vessel.
• each pair of levers constituted by an arm 2210, 2211 of the part 221 and one of the rods 2220, 2221 form a toggle system.
• each movable contact 200, 210 to be at the driving dead point near or in its closing position. Indeed, near or in this closed position, the alignment of the pivot axes 222, 223 of the levers with the axis of rotation X of the control shaft 220 is obtained. In other words, the dead point is reached or slightly exceeded when the movable contact 200, 210 corresponding is in its closed position ( Figure 1 in which the movable contact 200 of the earthing switch 20 is housed in the corresponding fixed contact 201 4 in which the movable contact 210 of the bar switch 21 is housed in the corresponding fixed contact 211).
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of end-of-travel mechanical stops 60, 61 each arranged to mechanically lock one of the lever arms 2210, 2211 of the part 221 integral with the control shaft 220 immediately after the neutral position. achieved.
• the control shaft 220 is stopped if the dead center of the relevant toggle system 2210, 2220 and 2211, 2221 has been slightly exceeded.
• the lever arm 2210, 2211 is stopped immediately before it bears against the corresponding stop 60, 61.
• the movable contact 200, 210 is in its closed position, it can be subjected to an undesired force (for example due to vibrations, high current, etc.). In this case, it can move slightly backward and thus give a forward rotational movement to the corresponding lever arm 2210, 2211. This is then stopped by the corresponding end stop.
• the three switching positions of the electrical apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are as follows:
• control shaft 220 has an angular travel of the order of 180 ° to move from the position 1 to the position 3.
• the control shaft 220 may be made of insulating material and includes parts or segments
• This control shaft 220 is made in three parts or segments of which one not shown through the tank being connected to an actuator.
• the portions of the shaft as shown 220A, 220B may have their hexagonal end sections fitted into a recess of complementary shape made in the intermediate support.
• the lever arms 2210, 2211 are each arranged as a rotating lever in order to transmit the forces in the plane of translation of the corresponding movable contact 200, 210. This makes it possible to reduce the transverse transmission forces in the toggle systems and thus in the kinematic chain of the part 221 to each of the movable contacts 200, 210 in translation.
• the axis of rotation X of the control shaft 220 is arranged at a distance between the two axes of translation of the moving contacts 200, 210.
• Each of the two levers 2210, 2211 is articulated. at a hinge point 225 with an intermediate lever part 2251. This lever 2251 is articulated to the coupling rod 2231 at a hinge point 222.
• the coupling rod 2231 is fixed to the corresponding moving contact 200, 210 .
• Each lever 2261 is of straight shape and constitutes with an arm 2210, 2211 of the part 221 a toggle system.
• the right-hand coupling link 2231 acts here as force transmission elements without being included in the toggle system.
• control shaft is interrupted, that is to say in the form of segments 220A, 220B ( Figure 11), each lever 2210, 2211 integral with the control shaft 220 is shaped U and the lever 2250, 2251 articulated to the lever 2210, 2211 can during the rotation pass through the free space delimited by the interior of the U.
• the rotation angle of the control shaft is here higher than the 240 ° order.
• the transmission ratio defined between the shaft rotation stroke and the moving contact translation stroke is increased and the torque applied to the drive shaft is reduced.
• levers 2210 and 2211 integral with the control shaft 220, and each constituting part of the toggle systems according to the invention.
• the levers 2210 and 2211 are made in the same one-piece part.
• One of these intermediate parts is identical to the lever 2250, 2251 of straight form shown in the embodiment of Figure 5, and is the second lever knee system.
• the other of the intermediate parts is here an additional lever 2260, 2261 rotatably mounted about an own axis of rotation Y in the casing 2A so as to constitute a movement return lever.
• Each return lever 2260, 2261 is thus hinged on the one hand at a hinge point 226 to the second lever 2250, 2251 of the toggle system and on the other hand at a pivot point 222 to the coupling rod 2220 , 2221.
• each toggle system is therefore identical in the embodiments of FIGS. 5, 6 and 6A.
• the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 6A provides an additional return lever 2260, 2261.
• the arrangement of an additional return lever makes it possible to have more freedom in the relative positioning of the axis of rotation of the control shaft relative to the disconnectors of bar 20 and earth 21.
• the choice of the distance ratio between A and B implies the possibility of varying the translation ratio between the second lever 2251 and the corresponding movable contact 210. It is thus possible to reduce the lengths of the two levers 2211, 2251 of the same toggle system.
• the greater freedom of positioning of the axis of rotation and the possibility of shortening the levers 2211, 2251 of the same toggle system reduces the space required within an envelope to implement the common drive means according to the invention. 'invention.
• the lever 2210, 2211 is U-shaped as shown in FIG. 5.
• the race the angular required for the control shaft 220 to go from the switching position N 0 I to the position No. 3 switching is here of the order of 240 °.
• FIGS. 7 to 11 shows a switching device according to FIG.
• levers 2210, 2211 integral with the control shaft 220 is provided.
• the two levers 2210, 2211 of these two toggle systems are made in one piece .
• the control shaft consists of several distinct parts, two 220A, 220B between two adjacent phases. More exactly, a shaft portion 220A transmits the rotational movement of an actuator not shown in the one piece 221 in which the two levers 2210, 2211 toggle systems are made. Another portion 220B coupled to the first portion 220A through this piece 221 comprising the two levers 2210, 2211 transmits the movement to the other adjacent phase.
• the levers 2210, 2211 are U-shaped, which internally delimits a free space between the two segments or portions 220A, 220B along the X axis. The levers 2250, 2251 are thus free to move when of their rotation in this free space, which has the consequence of increasing the rotational stroke of the control shaft 220.
• the switching device according to the invention operates safely with high reliability.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
• Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40601419

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2008
  • 2008-10-14 FR FR0856950A patent/FR2937177B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-10-13 CN CN2009801408354A patent/CN102187417A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-10-13 EP EP09736908A patent/EP2335262A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-10-13 KR KR1020117010682A patent/KR20110079836A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-10-13 WO PCT/EP2009/063321 patent/WO2010043604A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events