Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
  • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
  • G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
  • G01S13/953—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use mounted on aircraft
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
  • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
  • G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
  • G01S13/913—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control for landing purposes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
  • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
  • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
  • G01S13/933—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
  • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
  • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
  • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
  • G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
  • G01S2013/0272—Multifunction radar
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
  • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Definitions

• the invention relates to an aircraft-based detection system for weather detection, collision warning in the airspace and visual assistance in landing approach.
• a preferred installation location for sensors for detecting the weather (weather radar) or for detecting the runway in the approach (“Enhanced Vision”) is the bow of aircraft.
• weather radars that detect significant weather phenomena, such as large and intense rainforests up to over 100 km away, but also detect heavy winds in landing approach and bring the pilot to the display.
• These radars usually systems in the S-band or in the X-band, usually take up the available installation volume in the aircraft bow.
• compact infrared cameras for imaging the runway at reduced optical visibility conditions also find space in the bow area of the aircraft.
• the invention has for its object to provide an aircraft-based detection system with which an optimization of the system integration in terms of volume and weight can be achieved.
• a mm-wave radar sensor preferably with an operating frequency in the Ka band, ie 26-40 GHz
• this sensor also provides information about the relevant distance range of a few km enclosed storm clouds (embedded CB), eg cumulus nimbus cloud cover.
• weather information can thus be obtained in addition to the execution of the functions collision warning and visual assistance landing approach, while optimizing the system integration in terms of volume and weight.
• a weather data link can additionally be present in the aircraft, via which all the weather information required for the route flight can be transmitted. This eliminates the need for on-board sensors that detect and display weather phenomena over long distances. The weather information is available over the entire flight route on board.
• the detection system according to the invention is suitable for both manned and unmanned (UAV) aircraft.
• a very suitable operating frequency for this purpose is in the mm-wave range, in which the necessary antenna aperture relative to, for example, X-band sensors (10 GHz) can be kept small.
• mm-wave radars also leads to a reduction in volume and weight and simplifies installation in aircraft, even in bow contours of small touring aircraft or in so-called wingpods (wing casings) in single-engine aircraft. Assuming that the non-cooperative road users must be recognized, especially in the case of reduced visibility conditions, radar sensors are much better suited than optical sensors. However, this does not exclude fusion with optical sensors.
• Landing approaches are carried out in reduced visibility conditions using radio-based landing systems such as the instrument landing system (ILS) or satellite navigation support.
• the instrument-based approach is divided into different categories according to the execution of the landing system and the corresponding aircraft equipment. This is referred to as the non-precision approach, in which a lateral instrument guidance takes place, up to the precision approach of categories I, II and III (a, b, c) with lateral and vertical guidance with respectively reduced decision minima and runway views and finally landing without sight (CAT III c).
• an additional sensor and display system may be used to synthetically create the regular viewing conditions and allow for landing.
• an Enhanced Vision System whose well-known representatives are infrared cameras with a corresponding representation of the approach view in the cockpit.
• this functionality can be used by using appropriate signal and data processing for the synthetic generation of an external view, in this case the representation of the course of the runway become.
• the multi-function sensor according to the invention supports not only the weather detection, the detection of other aircraft in the vicinity of their own aircraft and the representation of the runway in the approach three functions in a sensor for today's known solutions each need their own sensor.
• the multifunctional mm-wave sensor 1 is installed in the nose of the aircraft 5. It has a high angular and distance resolution and delivers its data to a processor 2, depending on the operating mode of the sensor 1, the associated display data to a multifunction display 4 in the cockpit or in the case of Enhanced Vision Mode an image to a head-up Display 3 passes.
• a processor 2 depending on the operating mode of the sensor 1, the associated display data to a multifunction display 4 in the cockpit or in the case of Enhanced Vision Mode an image to a head-up Display 3 passes.
• Several modes can be used simultaneously, for example, the detection of shear winds in the approach and the Enhanced Vision Mode or the weather detection with simultaneous Sense & Avoid operation.
• An antenna 10 tuned to the respective available weather data link (connected to the associated data link receiver 11) on the fuselage top side, receives the weather data and transmits it to a second processor 12, which takes over the representation of the wirelessly transmitted weather data on the same multifunction display 4 on which also the usual navigation and sense & avoid data come to the representation.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2009
  • 2009-09-19 EP EP09748951A patent/EP2329293A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-09-19 BR BRPI0918977A patent/BRPI0918977A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-09-19 WO PCT/DE2009/001326 patent/WO2010034297A1/de active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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