EP2328693B1 - Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes - Google Patents

Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2328693B1
EP2328693B1 EP09784302.3A EP09784302A EP2328693B1 EP 2328693 B1 EP2328693 B1 EP 2328693B1 EP 09784302 A EP09784302 A EP 09784302A EP 2328693 B1 EP2328693 B1 EP 2328693B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excitation
materials
objects
substance
responses
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Revoked
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EP09784302.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2328693A2 (de
Inventor
Claude Lambert
Jean-Michel Hachin
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Hachin Jean-Michel
LAMBERT Claude
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the automatic identification of objects or materials, for example plastics.
  • Identification means the extraction of information concerning the material or object, cf. GB-A-2 119 509
  • This method is particularly applicable to the sorting and recycling of materials from used objects.
  • Processes are known for the automatic identification of objects or materials consisting in including in these objects or materials low concentrations of substances having specific luminescence properties, irradiating them with the aid of a broad spectrum light beam. frequency, to perform a spectrophotometric analysis of the response of the substances included in the material and to identify them according to these responses, cf. FR-A-2 901 160 .
  • this method is inherently limited in the ability to encode information about the material because of the uniqueness of the type of excitation. It may be useful to code several types of information concerning a material, for example its composition, its recycling path, its manufacturer. It is also limited in the case of strongly colored or black materials, which are relatively frequent. The coloration is due to the presence within the material of colored pigments, in particular carbon black, in variable proportions. Carbon black is used as a radiation protector, mainly UV, in outdoor applications or as a stabilizing and reinforcing agent. Its action consists mainly in absorbing the radiation received by the material that can lead to degradation of the polymer chains.
  • the invention therefore more particularly aims to solve this problem with a method for identifying different materials regardless of their color with very low concentrations of markers.
  • this method comprises the steps according to claim 1.
  • the method involves subjecting a material or object to a combination of different excitation vectors and no longer just to a light excitation.
  • the excitation vectors can be applied simultaneously or in sequence.
  • the excitations to which matter is subjected cause one or more responses. These answers are compared with the table of correspondence between expected answers and information on the subject, which allows for example to identify this subject. If no answer is obtained, or if the answer obtained is not in the correspondence table, it will not be possible to assign information about the subject.
  • spontaneous emission of a selected substance in the absence of an excitation vector for example in the form of spontaneous emission of electromagnetic radiation or of particles, neutral or charged, in particular in the case of the radioactivity, or emission of molecules, including odoriferous.
  • the detection step it is possible, in the detection step, to take into account the emission of the material under the effect of the excitation vectors, in particular to correct the responses obtained, for example to subtract the background noise.
  • Europium-doped Yttrium vanadate excited between 230 and 390 nm that is to say in the near UV, used alone or in combination with other markers, provides a response centered on 610-620 nm exploitable in the materials. black or strongly colored.
  • a dark or strongly colored material is excited in the near UV, a relatively large background noise is observed which requires signal processing, for example to form a baseline, so as to extract and quantify the responses.
  • Europium-doped Yttrium vanadate is used in combination with another marker, one of them can be used as calibration, then one works in differential.
  • the method makes it possible to collect one or more information concerning a substance or an object, for example a chemical property, in particular its chemical composition and thus to identify the substance under examination or its quality (type, grade).
  • the information may also concern the manufacture of the material or the object, for example the identity of its manufacturer, its place or date of manufacture ... We thus go from the simple identification of a subject or an object to its authentication, ie to be able to distinguish an authentic object from an unauthorized copy, for example in the fight against counterfeiting .
  • the process is applicable to all types of materials, especially black or highly colored materials, which absorb a wide range of radiation.
  • the identification data may comprise the combination of selected markers, the wavelengths of the characteristic lines, their intensity, the duration of a possible fluorescence ...
  • the identification data may comprise the combination of selected markers, the wavelengths of the characteristic lines, their intensity, the duration of a possible fluorescence ...
  • the identification code may result from a combination of markers and may consist of a binary number whose binary digits each correspond to the presence or absence of a marker.
  • the combination of several excitation vectors and markers can make it possible to obtain several pieces of information of different natures on a material, for example the authentication of one or more actors in the life cycle of a material or material.
  • an object manufactured, distributor, owner ...
  • the material incorporated in the object has been previously marked according to one or more actors involved in the life cycle of a material or an object and not only of its composition.
  • the method is applicable to the identification of any type of material, especially materials of any color, more or less dark; it is particularly applicable to the identification of colored or black materials.
  • the figure 1 represents the fluorescence intensity curves of three unmarked plastic compounds, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS, Curve 1), Polypropylene (PP, Curve 2) and Pigmented Polypropylene Black (Curve 3), ABS and PP being two commonly used materials.
  • the illumination is produced by means of a UV-TOP light emitting diode (LED) operating at about 330 nm, i.e., in the near UV, with a nominal output power of 1 mW and the spectra are obtained with FluoroMax ® fluorescence spectrometer.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • the figure 2 illustrates the results obtained with a Xenon arc lamp and a FluoroMax ® fluorescence spectrometer, in the case of black polypropylene marked with the H marker, at two different concentrations, 200 ppm (curve 1) and 100 ppm (curves 2 and 3 ). It is found that the two characteristic peaks of the H marker clearly stand out from the background noise at 614 and 618 nm, thus allowing its identification and thereby the identification of the material in which it is included, even when it is black.

Landscapes

  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Identifizierung und/oder Authentifizierung eines Stoffes oder eines Objekts, insbesondere um eine Trennung von Stoffen oder Objekten durchzuführen, umfassend:
    - einen Anregungsschritt, welcher die Beaufschlagung eines Stoffes oder eines Objekts mit einer Vielzahl von Anregungsvektoren (Vj, j = 1 bis p) umfasst,
    - einen Erkennungsschritt der Antworten (R1, R2, R3,...) der den Anregungsvektoren ausgesetzten Stoffe oder Objekte (Vj, j = 1 bis p),
    - einen Bestimmungsschritt wenigstens einer den Stoff oder das Objekt betreffenden Information auf der Grundlage der erkannten Antworten (R1, R2, R3,...) und einer im Voraus erstellten Korrespondenztabelle, gekennzeichnet durch
    - eine vorangehende Phase umfassend:
    - einen Auswahlschritt mindestens einer Substanz (Si, i = 1 bis n), die auf mindestens einen der Anregungsvektoren (Vj, j = 1 bis p) durch Emission einer aus der Ferne detektierbaren Antwort reagiert, wobei die wenigstens eine Substanz zur Untermischung in oder auf der Oberfläche von Stoffen vorgesehen ist, ohne dass dadurch jedoch die physikalischen oder chemischen Eigenschaften der Stoffe wesentlich verändert werden,
    - einen Erstellungsschritt einer Korrespondenztabelle bestehend aus einer Menge von eins-zu-eins Verhältnissen zwischen einer Kombination von Antworten (Ri,j, i = 1 bis n, j = 1 bis p) und einer den Stoff betreffenden Information,
    - einen Markierungsschritt während dessen wenigstens eine ausgewählte Substanz (Si, i = 1 bis n) selektiv in oder auf der Oberfläche eines Stoffes untergemischt wird, um den Stoff oder aus dem Stoff bestehende Objekte zu aktivieren.
    und dadurch, dass in dem Bestimmungsschritt einer den Stoff oder das Objekt betreffenden Information:
    - die erhaltenen Antworten (R1, R2, R3,...) mit den in der Korrespondenztabelle enthaltenen Kombinationen von Antworten (Ri,j, i = 1 bis n, j = 1 bis p) verglichen werden,
    - die Information zugeteilt wird, wenn durch den Vergleich eine Übereinstimmung offenbart wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Erstellungsschrittes einer Korrespondenztabelle nur das Vorhandensein oder Fehlen einer Antwort der Substanz (Si, i = 1 bis n) auf die Anregungsvektoren (Vj, j = 1 bis p) berücksichtigt wird,
    oder aber,
    die Stärke einer Antwort der Substanz (Si, i = 1 bis n) auf die Anregungsvektoren (Vj, j = 1 bis p)
    und/oder
    die spontane Emission einer ausgewählten Substanz (Si, i = 1 bis n) berücksichtigt werden.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Erkennungsschrittes der Antworten die Antwort des Stoffs unter der Wirkung der Anregungsvektoren (Vj, j = 1 bis p) insbesondere zur Korrektur der erhaltenen Antworten (R1, R2, R3,...) berücksichtigt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • während des Markierungsschrittes, die Stoffe oder Objekte mit einem ein mit Europium-dotiertes Yttrium-Vanadat mit einer Konzentration unter 200 ppm umfassenden Marker markiert werden,
    • während des Erregungsschrittes, der Stoff oder das Objekt mit einer elektromagnetischen Anregung im Bereich von 230 bis 390 nm beaufschlagt wird,
    • während des Erkennungsschrittes, eine Erkennung des Markers innerhalb eines auf 610 - 620 nm zentrierten Bereichs und eine Messung der Intensität des entsprechenden Peaks durchgeführt werden.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Stoff betreffende Information eine chemische Eigenschaft, insbesondere deren chemische Zusammensetzung ist.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Stoff betreffende Information dessen Herstellung betrifft.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stoff schwarz oder stark gefärbt ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die während des Markierungsschrittes untergemischte Substanz ein chemischer Marker ist, der nach der Bestrahlung des markierten Objekts oder Stoffes, Strahlungen in einem Frequenzbereich ausstrahlt, der dem roten - nahen Infrarotbereich entspricht, vorzugsweise derart, dass der Marker Strahlungen im Bereich von 500 bis 650 nm ausstrahlt und/oder die Bestrahlung des markierten Objekts oder Stoffes im Bereich zwischen 220 und 380 nm erfolgt.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die spektralphotometrische Analyse darüber hinaus folgende Schritte aufweist:
    - Verstärkung des den übertragenen oder reflektierten Lichtstärken entsprechenden Signals,
    - Verarbeitung des den ausgestrahlten Strahlungen entsprechenden Signals, um das Grundrauschen zu mindern.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es darüber hinaus einen dem Erregungsschritt vorangehenden Zerkleinerungsschritt aufweist, in dem die Objekte in Partikel zerkleinert werden und dass es auf die Partikel angewandt wird.
  11. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zur Trennung von Stoffen oder Objekten.
  12. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 zur Wiederverwertung von Stoffen oder Objekten.
  13. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 zur Authentifizierung von wenigstens einem Aktor im Lebenszyklus eines Stoffes oder Objekts.
  14. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 zur Rückverfolgbarkeit von Stoffen oder Objekten, und/oder Qualitätsprüfung von Stoffen oder Objekten.
EP09784302.3A 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes Revoked EP2328693B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0804363A FR2934511A1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2008-07-30 Procede d'identification automatique de materiaux fortement colores ou de couleur noire.
FR0902217A FR2934510B1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2009-05-07 Procede pour l'identification automatique d'une matiere ou d'un objet
PCT/FR2009/000926 WO2010012892A2 (fr) 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Procede pour l'identification automatique d'une matiere ou d'un objet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2328693A2 EP2328693A2 (de) 2011-06-08
EP2328693B1 true EP2328693B1 (de) 2014-01-08

Family

ID=41136707

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09784302.3A Revoked EP2328693B1 (de) 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8960028B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2328693B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2733693A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2457340T3 (de)
FR (2) FR2934511A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010012892A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010007566A1 (de) 2010-02-10 2011-08-11 Tailorlux GmbH, 48565 Lumineszentes Sicherheitselement für den Produktschutz
US9268031B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2016-02-23 Kla-Tencor Corporation Advanced debris mitigation of EUV light source
FR3010789A3 (fr) 2013-09-16 2015-03-20 Arts Dispositif d'identification automatique de fluorescence de traceurs en vue du tri automatique et/ou du controle de qualite de produits ou matieres marquees, colorees ou non.
US20150375455A1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Three-dimensional scanning watermark
CA2975788C (en) 2015-02-06 2024-02-20 Unisensor Sensorsysteme Gmbh Method and apparatus for identifying plastics and/or the additives therein
GB2572183A (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-09-25 Sutton Philip Recycling method and taggant for a recyclable product
US20210223363A1 (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-07-22 Outsight SA Object detection on a path of travel and obstacle detection on railway tracks using free space information
DE102021104855A1 (de) 2021-03-01 2022-09-01 Universität Augsburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Materialprüfverfahren und Materialprüfvorrichtung
US12338179B2 (en) 2023-02-16 2025-06-24 HarbisonWalker International Holdings, Inc. Refractory material with taggant to enable identification of material during reclaiming process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU1365783A (en) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-03 Geosource Inc. Oil shale sorter classification circuitry
US4533902A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-08-06 Baker Alan J Precision angle transducer using nonprecision rotors
JPS6229461A (ja) * 1985-08-01 1987-02-07 Toyota Motor Corp 車両の加速スリツプ制御装置
EP1034587A4 (de) * 1997-11-25 2002-05-29 Spectra Science Corp Selbstausrichtendes lesesystem zur identifikation über grössere entfernungen
FR2901160B1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2008-08-29 Claude Lambert Procede pour le recyclage des matieres provenant d'objets usages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2457340T3 (es) 2014-04-25
FR2934510A1 (fr) 2010-02-05
FR2934511A1 (fr) 2010-02-05
WO2010012892A2 (fr) 2010-02-04
FR2934510B1 (fr) 2015-06-05
US8960028B2 (en) 2015-02-24
WO2010012892A3 (fr) 2010-06-10
US20110232398A1 (en) 2011-09-29
EP2328693A2 (de) 2011-06-08
CA2733693A1 (fr) 2010-02-04

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