EP2328693A2 - Verfahren zur automatischen identifikation eines materials oder eines objekts - Google Patents

Verfahren zur automatischen identifikation eines materials oder eines objekts

Info

Publication number
EP2328693A2
EP2328693A2 EP09784302A EP09784302A EP2328693A2 EP 2328693 A2 EP2328693 A2 EP 2328693A2 EP 09784302 A EP09784302 A EP 09784302A EP 09784302 A EP09784302 A EP 09784302A EP 2328693 A2 EP2328693 A2 EP 2328693A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excitation
materials
objects
responses
substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09784302A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2328693B1 (de
Inventor
Claude Lambert
Jean-Michel Hachin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hachin Jean-Michel
LAMBERT Claude
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=41136707&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2328693(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2328693A2 publication Critical patent/EP2328693A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2328693B1 publication Critical patent/EP2328693B1/de
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the automatic identification of objects or materials, for example plastics. Identification means the extraction of information about the material or object.
  • This method is particularly applicable to the sorting and recycling of materials from used objects.
  • Processes are known for the automatic identification of objects or materials consisting in including in these objects or materials low concentrations of substances having specific luminescence properties, irradiating them with the aid of a broad spectrum light beam. frequency, to perform a spectrophotometric analysis of the response of the substances included in the material and to identify them according to these responses.
  • the spectrophotometric analysis comprises in particular the following steps, after irradiation of the object or the labeled material:
  • this method is inherently limited in the ability to encode information about the material because of the uniqueness of the type of excitation. It may be useful to code several types of information concerning a material, for example its composition, its recycling path, its manufacturer.
  • Carbon black is used as a radiation protector, mainly UV, in outdoor applications or as a stabilizing and reinforcing agent. Its action consists mainly in absorbing the radiation received by the material that can lead to degradation of the polymer chains. However, it also has the property of absorbing radiation that could be emitted in particular in the visible spectrum by the material constituting the object and / or markers included, which explains its dark or black color. As a result, the excitation by a light source does not result in spectral emission making it possible to easily extract information concerning the material with very low concentrations of markers if the latter is strongly colored or black.
  • the invention therefore more particularly aims to solve this problem with a method for identifying different materials regardless of their color with very low concentrations of markers.
  • this method comprises the following steps:
  • an excitation step comprising the application to a substance or an object of a plurality of excitation vectors
  • the method involves subjecting a material or object to a combination of different excitation vectors and no longer just to a light excitation.
  • the excitation vectors can be applied simultaneously or in sequence.
  • the process may be preceded by a phase comprising:
  • each Sj j Rj substance possessing a response excitation vector V j is selected at least one substance that can be incorporated into materials, such as plastics, a very low concentration, each Sj j Rj substance possessing a response excitation vector V j .
  • Each substance does not need to respond to each excitation vector, it is sufficient that it responds to at least one excitation vector.
  • a substance S responds to the excitation vector Vj and has as many substances as excitation vectors.
  • two substances can respond to the same excitation vector provided that their responses are distinct, for example in fluorescence, at different wavelengths.
  • the number of substances used in a material may therefore be greater than the number of excitation vectors.
  • the number of substances may be less than the number of excitation vectors in the case where one or more substances would respond to different excitation vectors.
  • the multiplication of the excitation vectors has the advantage of making it possible to appeal to larger families of substances and thus to widen the coding.
  • the very low concentration used for the substances is essential:
  • the substances may be of a different nature:
  • the substances may be embedded in the mass or placed on the surface, for example by impregnation (for example in a textile, a dye, etc.), by coating (deposition of varnish, paint, spraying) on various supports, for example parts aviation metals, whether on the whole of the surface or punctually (silkscreen, buffer deposit), or in the form of labels marked partly visible or not.
  • this coating may comprise a reflective zone covered with a transparent layer containing markers. This technique makes it possible to carry out a reflection spectrophotometry which considerably reduces the energy losses.
  • the substance S 1 provides a response R 1 1 to the excitation Vj
  • the substance S 2 provides a response R 2 ] to the excitation V 1 ,
  • n marking substances in a material (n> 1), subject to p excitation vectors (p> 2), in order to obtain r responses
  • said information is attributed when said comparison reveals an identity.
  • the excitations to which matter is subjected cause one or more responses. These answers are compared with the table of correspondence between expected answers and information on the subject, which allows for example to identify this subject. If no answer is obtained, or if the answer obtained is not in the correspondence table, it will not be possible to assign information about the subject.
  • spontaneous emission of a selected substance in the absence of an excitation vector for example in the form of spontaneous emission of electromagnetic radiation or of particles, neutral or charged, in particular in the case of the radioactivity, or emission of molecules, including odoriferous.
  • the detection step it is possible, in the detection step, to take into account the emission of the material under the effect of the excitation vectors, in particular to correct the responses obtained, for example to subtract the background noise.
  • excitation vectors are conceivable: electromagnetic excitation, in particular an optical excitation, for example a light beam with a broad frequency spectrum, in the infra-red or the UV, the X-rays, electric excitation, by example in the form of the application of an electric field, • magnetic excitation, for example in the form of the application of a magnetic field, • thermal excitation,
  • the expected responses from the substances and the responses obtained are chosen from the list comprising:
  • electromagnetic emission in particular light emission, fluorescence (visible, X, UV) or phosphorescence,
  • the materials or articles are marked with a label comprising Europium doped yttrium vanadate, at a concentration of less than 200 ppm, or even less than 100 ppm,
  • electromagnetic excitation is applied to the material or the object in the range between 230 and 390 nm, preferably 330-340 nm,
  • the detection step detecting said marker in a band centered at 610-620 nm and measuring the intensity of the corresponding peak.
  • Europium-doped Yttrium vanadate excited between 230 and 390 nm that is to say in the near UV, used alone or in combination with other markers, provides a response centered on 610-620 nm exploitable in the materials. black or strongly colored.
  • the method makes it possible to collect one or more information concerning a substance or an object, for example a chemical property, in particular its chemical composition and thus to identify the substance under examination or its quality (type, grade).
  • the information can also concern the manufacture of the material or the object, for example the identity of its manufacturer, its place or date of manufacture ...
  • the process is applicable to all types of materials, especially black or highly colored materials, which absorb a wide range of radiation.
  • the identification data may comprise the combination of selected markers, the wavelengths of the characteristic lines, their intensity, the duration of a possible fluorescence ...
  • the identification code may result from a combination of markers and may consist of a binary number whose binary digits each correspond to the presence or absence of a marker. In the case of identification for material recycling, it may be possible to use this combination of markers to code the type or grade of materials, eg plastics, which can be sorted by type or grade. once the identification is made.
  • the code can also carry:
  • the material has a particular property, for example if it is a secondary raw material, that is to say, already recycled.
  • the combination of several excitation vectors and markers can make it possible to obtain several pieces of information of different natures on a material, for example the authentication of one or more actors in the life cycle of a material or material.
  • an object manufactured, distributor, owner ...
  • the material incorporated in the object has been previously marked according to one or more actors involved in the life cycle of a material or an object and not only of its composition.
  • the method is applicable to the identification of any type of material, especially materials of any color, more or less dark; it is particularly applicable to the identification of colored or black materials.
  • Figure 1 shows natural fluorescence curves of three plastic compounds
  • Figure 2 shows fluorescence curves of black polypropylene, with different marker concentrations.
  • FIG. 1 represents the fluorescence intensity curves of three unbranded plastic compounds, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS, Curve 1), Polypropylene (PP, Curve 2) and Polypropylene pigmented with black (Curve 3), ABS and PP being two commonly used materials.
  • the illumination is produced by means of a UV-TOP light emitting diode (LED) operating at about 330 nm, i.e., in the near UV, with a nominal output power of 1 mW and the spectra are obtained with FluoroMax ® fluorescence spectrometer.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • markers that have a response in the range of 500 to 650 nm.
  • the irradiation must take place in a range of lower wavelengths, for example in the near UV, in the range 220 to 380 nm.
  • the markers used may be chemical, organic or mineral, or composed of nanoparticles. These may be made-to-order products or commercial products. It will be possible for example to use markers marketed by "Phosphor
  • marker H two emission peaks at 614 and 618 nm
  • marker I an emission peak at 515 nm.
  • a high power excitation source typically a Xenon arc lamp, a UV LED or a laser, will be used;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the results obtained with a Xenon arc lamp and a FluoroMax ® fluorescence spectrometer, in the case of black polypropylene labeled with the H marker, at two different concentrations, 200 ppm (curve 1) and 100 ppm (curves 2 and 3). It is found that the two characteristic peaks of the H marker clearly stand out from the background noise at 614 and 618 nm, thus allowing its identification and thereby the identification of the material in which it is included, even when it is black.

Landscapes

  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
EP09784302.3A 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes Revoked EP2328693B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0804363A FR2934511A1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2008-07-30 Procede d'identification automatique de materiaux fortement colores ou de couleur noire.
FR0902217A FR2934510B1 (fr) 2008-07-30 2009-05-07 Procede pour l'identification automatique d'une matiere ou d'un objet
PCT/FR2009/000926 WO2010012892A2 (fr) 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Procede pour l'identification automatique d'une matiere ou d'un objet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2328693A2 true EP2328693A2 (de) 2011-06-08
EP2328693B1 EP2328693B1 (de) 2014-01-08

Family

ID=41136707

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09784302.3A Revoked EP2328693B1 (de) 2008-07-30 2009-07-24 Verfahren zur automatisierten materialbestimmung eines objektes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8960028B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2328693B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2733693A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2457340T3 (de)
FR (2) FR2934511A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010012892A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010007566A1 (de) 2010-02-10 2011-08-11 Tailorlux GmbH, 48565 Lumineszentes Sicherheitselement für den Produktschutz
US9268031B2 (en) 2012-04-09 2016-02-23 Kla-Tencor Corporation Advanced debris mitigation of EUV light source
FR3010789A3 (fr) 2013-09-16 2015-03-20 Arts Dispositif d'identification automatique de fluorescence de traceurs en vue du tri automatique et/ou du controle de qualite de produits ou matieres marquees, colorees ou non.
US20150375455A1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Three-dimensional scanning watermark
CA2975788C (en) 2015-02-06 2024-02-20 Unisensor Sensorsysteme Gmbh Method and apparatus for identifying plastics and/or the additives therein
GB2572183A (en) * 2018-03-21 2019-09-25 Sutton Philip Recycling method and taggant for a recyclable product
US20210223363A1 (en) * 2020-01-16 2021-07-22 Outsight SA Object detection on a path of travel and obstacle detection on railway tracks using free space information
DE102021104855A1 (de) 2021-03-01 2022-09-01 Universität Augsburg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Materialprüfverfahren und Materialprüfvorrichtung
US12338179B2 (en) 2023-02-16 2025-06-24 HarbisonWalker International Holdings, Inc. Refractory material with taggant to enable identification of material during reclaiming process

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU1365783A (en) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-03 Geosource Inc. Oil shale sorter classification circuitry
US4533902A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-08-06 Baker Alan J Precision angle transducer using nonprecision rotors
JPS6229461A (ja) * 1985-08-01 1987-02-07 Toyota Motor Corp 車両の加速スリツプ制御装置
EP1034587A4 (de) * 1997-11-25 2002-05-29 Spectra Science Corp Selbstausrichtendes lesesystem zur identifikation über grössere entfernungen
FR2901160B1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2008-08-29 Claude Lambert Procede pour le recyclage des matieres provenant d'objets usages

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2010012892A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2457340T3 (es) 2014-04-25
FR2934510A1 (fr) 2010-02-05
FR2934511A1 (fr) 2010-02-05
WO2010012892A2 (fr) 2010-02-04
FR2934510B1 (fr) 2015-06-05
US8960028B2 (en) 2015-02-24
WO2010012892A3 (fr) 2010-06-10
US20110232398A1 (en) 2011-09-29
EP2328693B1 (de) 2014-01-08
CA2733693A1 (fr) 2010-02-04

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