EP2326865B1 - High-pressure container - Google Patents
High-pressure container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2326865B1 EP2326865B1 EP09778122A EP09778122A EP2326865B1 EP 2326865 B1 EP2326865 B1 EP 2326865B1 EP 09778122 A EP09778122 A EP 09778122A EP 09778122 A EP09778122 A EP 09778122A EP 2326865 B1 EP2326865 B1 EP 2326865B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- liner
- reinforcement
- spiral
- belt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000006995 Abutilon theophrasti Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001503987 Clematis vitalba Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
- F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
- F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
- F17C2203/0665—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments radially wound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
- F17C2203/067—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments helically wound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
- F17C2203/069—Break point in the wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
- F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
- F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/011—Oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/011—Improving strength
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/012—Reducing weight
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/017—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing by calculation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/02—Applications for medical applications
- F17C2270/025—Breathing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
- F17C2270/079—Respiration devices for rescuing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-pressure vessel comprising a thin-walled, closed, dense metallic liner having a cylindrical portion and at least one neck and a liner surrounding outer reinforcing sheath composite material formed of at least one group of layers of high modulus fibers of a reinforcing material, the with respect to the liner in helical and annular directions with predetermined linear density, with a layer of spirally oriented fibers disposed over a layer of annularly oriented fibers.
- the high-pressure container can be used in particular in portable oxygen breathing apparatus for climbers and rescue workers, in mobile products of refrigeration and fire protection technology, in gas supply systems and in automotive technology.
- Such a container is from the DE-A-10022741 known
- Presently manufactured metal-plastic high-pressure containers have an inner dense metal sheath (liner) and an outer reinforcing plastic sheath formed by winding a strand of high modulus fibers on the surface of the liner (e.g., glass fibers, carbon fibers, organic fibers), which are impregnated with binder.
- liner inner dense metal sheath
- plastic sheath formed by winding a strand of high modulus fibers on the surface of the liner (e.g., glass fibers, carbon fibers, organic fibers), which are impregnated with binder.
- the practical advantage of a high pressure container with a composite housing is that it has a low enough weight, is easy to carry and can withstand considerable pressure (200-300 bar) during many load cycles.
- the efficiency of composite pressure vessels depends on the quality of the reinforcement, i. from the type of a continuous winding.
- layers are meant layers having a corresponding arrangement of the reinforcing fibers (ring or spiral arrangement direction) of the composite material during the winding.
- the linear density of the annular or spiral layers is to be understood as the total number of amplification fibers with a corresponding arrangement, based on a unit of length of the cross-section of the sheath.
- the order of arrangement of the layers with annular and spiral arrangement of the reinforcing fibers over the thickness of the sheathing wall may be different.
- the most important requirements for gas containers are the reduction of the specific material consumption of the container, which is determined by the ratio of the mass of the container to its volume, and the guarantee of a long service life in relation to the number of load cycles with safe use of the container.
- the presently developed tank design technology which not only ensures the stability of the structure under one-time static loads and the future service life of the container, additionally limits the possibility of destruction of the structure under static limit load conditions with a predetermined destructive form and prevention of damage possible splintering of resulting splinters (eg the Russian standard GOST NPB 190-2000, EN 12245, EN 14427, ISO 1119-3 and others).
- a high-pressure vessel comprising a thin-walled metallic cylindrical liner having a neck in the bottom and a composite outer reinforcing jacket forming a combination of groups of layers of high modulus fibers of a reinforcing material. aligned in spiral and circumferential directions at predetermined linear densities.
- a particular disadvantage of the known solution of the construction of the container with a shell made of composite material is that it does not meet the requirements of the said standardization documents with respect to the nature of the destruction at border loads. This disadvantage is contrary to a wide use in household and in means of transport.
- the invention has for its object to provide a high-pressure vessel, which has a high stability and durability, and does not represent a danger if destroyed by excessive pressure.
- a high-pressure container comprising a thin-walled, closed, dense metallic liner having a cylindrical portion and at least one neck and a liner surrounding outer reinforcing sheath of composite material, which is formed from at least one group of layers of high modulus fibers of a reinforcing material, aligned in a spiral and annular direction with predetermined linear density with respect to the liner, with a layer of spirally oriented fibers disposed over a layer of annularly oriented fibers.
- a local breakaway belt in the form of a portion of the reinforcing jacket bounded internally by the cylindrical surface of the liner and externally by a generally concave surface formed of spirally oriented fibers of the reinforcing material wherein the linear density of the fibers of a layer of the annularly oriented fiber reinforcing material at the portion of the local break-away belt is not more than 70% of the linear density of this layer at the remaining cylindrical portion.
- the advantage of the invention is the simplicity of its technical realization and the attractiveness for the user, because the destruction of the high-pressure vessel is harmless when reaching a limit load, since no splinters come out in this destruction.
- the high-pressure vessel is therefore particularly suitable for use in the household and in means of transport in which compressed gases are used, such as e.g. for gas tanks in motor vehicles.
- the concave surface may, for example, be formed by the surface of a single-shell hyperboloid of revolution directed with its tapered portion towards the axis of symmetry of the container, the outer surface of the single-shell hyperboloid of revolution being formed of spirally oriented fibers of a reinforcing material
- the width of the local predetermined breaking belt is 15 to 30 times, preferably 20 to 25 times, the total thickness of the annular bands of the reinforcing material outside the area of the local predetermined breaking belt.
- a dense metallic liner 1 and a reinforcing jacket 2 made of a composite material using high-strength fibers such as carbon fibers or glass fibers.
- the sheath 2 shown is achieved by winding rectilinear fibers in a spiral and annular manner on a metallic liner 1, wherein each layer of the carcass is impregnated simultaneously with a polymer binder, for example with epoxy resin, and then thermally cured.
- a polymer binder for example with epoxy resin
- the operation of the inventive composite reinforcing jacket of the container is that it is in a stretched-deformed state under the action of an internal pressure in which a concentration of stresses in the annular reinforcing material is limited to a local belt and in the spiral reinforcing material no changes take place.
- the annularly arranged reinforcing material over the width of the local belt is destroyed, the metallic liner is also destroyed, and the outer spiral reinforcing material, as it is present on the outer surface in the form of a single-walled hyperboloid, deformed and
- a "Chinese lantern" Fig. 7
- the high-pressure vessel of the invention Fig. 2 to 4 is made as follows.
- the fibers of the annular reinforcing layer 3 are wound around the liner 1, with the linear density of the annular reinforcing layer 3 being smaller over a certain length of the cylindrical part of the liner 1 corresponding to the width of the future local break-away belt
- the thickness of the annular reinforcing layer 3 which is achieved in the region of the local predetermined breaking belt, is smaller than the total thickness of the annular reinforcing layer 3 in the remaining part of the Liners 1.
- This reinforcing scheme results in forming a local concentration of the hoop stresses that arise in the composite material of the reinforcing sheath 2 when internal pressure is applied to the container.
- the Winding of the fibers of the spiral reinforcing layer 4 in the observed area is performed only after the winding of the fibers of the annular reinforcing layer 3.
- With appropriate selection of the width of the region of the local predetermined breaking belt due to the fact that the thickness of the material of the considered range is less than the total thickness of the material, in the winding of the spiral fibers a surface in the form of a single-walled hyperboloid is formed Pol is aligned with the axis of symmetry of the container. In its entirety, such reinforcement allows for the creation of a local breakaway belt in the reinforcement jacket.
- the width of the local frangible belt may be defined as the width of the fringe area of the fringe effect when connecting the sheaths of different thickness. It is expedient to choose this width to achieve a necessary thickness so that it is 15 to 30 times, or preferably 20 to 25 times the thickness of the reinforcing jacket of the container.
- L d 1 arccos d 2 / d 1 cos ⁇ 1 / ⁇ ⁇ 1 + cos 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ,
- the width of the local breakneck belt is calculated according to this dependency, it must also be compared in the calculation with the recommended width equal to 20 to 25 times the thickness of the reinforcing jacket of the container. In the end, the larger of these widths can be selected.
- the layers 3, 4 of the reinforcing material formed by fibers oriented in spiral and annular directions of the cylindrical portion are alternately alternately surfaced on both sides of the break-away belt arranged for the like layers are equidistant from the inner surface of the liner. That is, a layer 3 of the annular reinforcement and a layer 4 of fibers of the spiral reinforcement follow each other in the direction of increasing the thickness of the wall of the reinforcing jacket. In Fig. 4 two such sequences are shown. However, there may also be 1 or 3 or 4 or more such orders.
- This arrangement and order of the layers of the reinforcing fibers makes it possible to limit the destruction to the area of the predetermined breaking belt in the form of a "Chinese lantern" and to prevent the fragments resulting from the destruction of the liner from flying apart, as in FIG Fig. 5 and 7 shown.
- Fig. 6 is the sectional profile of the local predetermined breaking belt shown in a destroyed state.
- a critical pressure in the container was exceeded, all the layers of the reinforcing jacket were destroyed, except for the uppermost reinforcing layer 4 of spirally arranged fibers, which assumed a baggy shape under pressure, exposing the underlying damaged reinforcing layers 3 of annularly arranged fibers and underlying Reinforcement layer 4 of spirally arranged fibers retained.
- the execution of the proposed solution was carried out using the example of a pressure vessel with a volume of 7 liters with a working pressure of 300 bar and a destructive pressure of at least 900 bar.
- the reinforcing jacket was made of carbon reinforced plastic, and the topmost layer was wound from fiberglass.
- Fig. 7 A typical destruction of the container in the region of the local break-off belt is shown at a pressure of 930 bar.
- the invention can be applied in high-pressure vessels, which are used in particular in portable oxygen breathing apparatus for climbers and rescue workers, in mobile products of refrigeration and fire protection technology, in gas supply systems and in automotive technology.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Hochdruckbehälter, der einen dünnwandigen, geschlossenen, dichten metallischen Liner mit einem zylindrischen Abschnitt und wenigstens einem Hals und eine den Liner umgebende äußere Verstärkungsummantelung aus Verbundmaterial umfasst, die aus wenigstens einer Gruppe von Schichten aus Hochmodulfasern eines Verstärkungsmaterials gebildet ist, die bezüglich des Liners in spiralförmiger und in ringförmiger Richtung mit vorher bestimmter linearer Dichte ausgerichtet sind, wobei eine Schicht aus spiralförmig ausgerichteten Fasern über einer Schicht aus ringförmig ausgerichteten Fasern angeordnet ist. Der Hochdruckbehälter kann insbesondere in tragbaren Sauerstoff-Atemgeräten für Bergsteiger und Rettungskräfte, in mobilen Erzeugnissen der Kälte- und Brandschutztechnik, in Gasversorgungssystemen und in der Automobiltechnik benutzt werden.The present invention relates to a high-pressure vessel comprising a thin-walled, closed, dense metallic liner having a cylindrical portion and at least one neck and a liner surrounding outer reinforcing sheath composite material formed of at least one group of layers of high modulus fibers of a reinforcing material, the with respect to the liner in helical and annular directions with predetermined linear density, with a layer of spirally oriented fibers disposed over a layer of annularly oriented fibers. The high-pressure container can be used in particular in portable oxygen breathing apparatus for climbers and rescue workers, in mobile products of refrigeration and fire protection technology, in gas supply systems and in automotive technology.
Ein derartiger Behälter ist aus der
Gegenwärtig hergestellte Metall-Kunststoff-Hochdruckbehälter weisen eine innere dichte Metallummantelung (Liner) und eine äußere Verstärkungs-Kunststoffummantelung auf, die dadurch gebildet wird, dass ein Strang aus Hochmodulfasern auf die Oberfläche des Liners gewickelt wird (beispielsweise Glasfasern, Kohlenstofffasern, organische Fasern), die mit Bindemittel imprägniert sind.Presently manufactured metal-plastic high-pressure containers have an inner dense metal sheath (liner) and an outer reinforcing plastic sheath formed by winding a strand of high modulus fibers on the surface of the liner (e.g., glass fibers, carbon fibers, organic fibers), which are impregnated with binder.
Der praktische Vorteil eines Hochdruckbehälters mit einem Gehäuse aus Verbundmaterial liegt darin, dass er ein hinreichend geringes Gewicht hat, leicht zu transportieren ist und einen beträchtlichen Druck (200 bis 300 bar) bei vielen Lastzyklen standhalten kann.The practical advantage of a high pressure container with a composite housing is that it has a low enough weight, is easy to carry and can withstand considerable pressure (200-300 bar) during many load cycles.
Die Effizienz von Verbund-Druckbehältern hängt von der Qualität der Verstärkung, d.h. von der Art einer durchgehenden Wicklung ab. Hierzu werden die Anzahl und Reihenfolge der Schichten, der Ausrichtungswinkel der Fasern und die Art der Verstärkungsmaterialien, ihr Anteil am Verbund und andere Parameter bestimmt. Unter "Schichten" sind Schichten mit entsprechender Anordnung der Verstärkungsfasern (ring- oder spiralförmige Anordnungsrichtung) des Verbundmaterials bei der Wicklung zu verstehen. Unter der linearen Dichte der ring- oder spiralförmigen Schichten ist die summarische Anzahl der Verstärkungsfasern mit entsprechender Anordnung zu verstehen, bezogen auf eine Längeneinheit des Querschnitts der Ummantelung. Dabei kann die Reihenfolge der Anordnung der Schichten mit ring- und spiralförmiger Anordnung der Verstärkungsfasern über die Dicke der Ummantelungswand unterschiedlich sein.The efficiency of composite pressure vessels depends on the quality of the reinforcement, i. from the type of a continuous winding. For this purpose, the number and order of the layers, the orientation angle of the fibers and the type of reinforcing materials, their share of the composite and other parameters are determined. By "layers" are meant layers having a corresponding arrangement of the reinforcing fibers (ring or spiral arrangement direction) of the composite material during the winding. The linear density of the annular or spiral layers is to be understood as the total number of amplification fibers with a corresponding arrangement, based on a unit of length of the cross-section of the sheath. In this case, the order of arrangement of the layers with annular and spiral arrangement of the reinforcing fibers over the thickness of the sheathing wall may be different.
Die wichtigsten, an Gasbehälter gestellte Anforderungen sind die Verringerung des spezifischen Materialverbrauchs des Behälters, der durch das Verhältnis der Masse des Behälters zu seinem Volumen bestimmt wird, und die Gewährleistung einer hohen Lebensdauer gemessen an der Zahl der Lastzyklen bei sicherer Nutzung des Behälters.The most important requirements for gas containers are the reduction of the specific material consumption of the container, which is determined by the ratio of the mass of the container to its volume, and the guarantee of a long service life in relation to the number of load cycles with safe use of the container.
Dabei bestimmt die gegenwärtig entwickelte Technologie der Konstruktion von Behältern, bei der nicht nur die Stabilität der Konstruktion bei einmaligen statischen Belastungen und die zukünftige Nutzungsdauer des Behälters gewährleistet wird, zusätzlich die Begrenzung einer möglichen Zerstörung der Konstruktion unter statischen Grenzlastbedingungen mit vorher bestimmter Zerstörungsform und Verhinderung eines möglichen Auseinanderfliegens dabei entstehender Splitter (s. z.B. die russische Norm GOST NPB 190-2000, EN 12245, EN 14427, ISO 1119-3 und andere).In addition, the presently developed tank design technology, which not only ensures the stability of the structure under one-time static loads and the future service life of the container, additionally limits the possibility of destruction of the structure under static limit load conditions with a predetermined destructive form and prevention of damage possible splintering of resulting splinters (eg the Russian standard GOST NPB 190-2000, EN 12245, EN 14427, ISO 1119-3 and others).
Aus der
Ein besonderer Nachteil der bekannten Lösung der Konstruktion des Behälters mit einer Ummantelung aus Verbundmaterial besteht darin, dass sie die Anforderungen der genannten Normierungsdokumente bezüglich der Art der Zerstörung bei Grenzlasten nicht erfüllt. Dieser Nachteil steht einer breiten Verwendung im Haushalt und in Transportmitteln entgegen.A particular disadvantage of the known solution of the construction of the container with a shell made of composite material is that it does not meet the requirements of the said standardization documents with respect to the nature of the destruction at border loads. This disadvantage is contrary to a wide use in household and in means of transport.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hochdruckbehälter bereit zu stellen, der eine hohe Stabilität und Lebensdauer aufweist, und bei einer Zerstörung durch zu hohen Druck keine Gefahr darstellt.The invention has for its object to provide a high-pressure vessel, which has a high stability and durability, and does not represent a danger if destroyed by excessive pressure.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Hochdruckbehälter gelöst, der einen dünnwandigen, geschlossenen, dichten metallischen Liner mit einem zylindrischen Abschnitt und wenigstens einem Hals und eine den Liner umgebende äußere Verstärkungsummantelung aus Verbundmaterial umfasst, die aus wenigstens einer Gruppe von Schichten aus Hochmodulfasern eines Verstärkungsmaterials gebildet ist, die bezüglich des Liners in spiralförmiger und in ringförmiger Richtung mit vorher bestimmter linearer Dichte ausgerichtet sind, wobei eine Schicht aus spiralförmig ausgerichteten Fasern über einer Schicht aus ringförmig ausgerichteten Fasern angeordnet ist. An dem zylindrischen Abschnitt des Liners ist in der Verstärkungsummantelung ein lokaler Sollbruch-Gürtel in Form eines Abschnitts der Verstärkungsummantelung ausgebildet, der innen von der zylindrischen Oberfläche des Liners und außen von einer insgesamt konkaven Oberfläche begrenzt wird, die aus spiralförmig ausgerichteten Fasern des Verstärkungsmaterials gebildet wird, wobei die lineare Dichte der Fasern einer Schicht des Verstärkungsmaterials aus ringförmig ausgerichteten Fasern an dem Abschnitt des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels nicht mehr als 70 % der linearen Dichte dieser Schicht an dem übrigen zylindrischen Abschnitt beträgt.This object is achieved by a high-pressure container comprising a thin-walled, closed, dense metallic liner having a cylindrical portion and at least one neck and a liner surrounding outer reinforcing sheath of composite material, which is formed from at least one group of layers of high modulus fibers of a reinforcing material, aligned in a spiral and annular direction with predetermined linear density with respect to the liner, with a layer of spirally oriented fibers disposed over a layer of annularly oriented fibers. Formed on the cylindrical portion of the liner in the reinforcing jacket is a local breakaway belt in the form of a portion of the reinforcing jacket bounded internally by the cylindrical surface of the liner and externally by a generally concave surface formed of spirally oriented fibers of the reinforcing material wherein the linear density of the fibers of a layer of the annularly oriented fiber reinforcing material at the portion of the local break-away belt is not more than 70% of the linear density of this layer at the remaining cylindrical portion.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht in der Einfachheit ihrer technischen Verwirklichung und der Attraktivität für den Nutzer, weil die Zerstörung des Hochdruckbehälters beim Erreichen einer Grenzlast ungefährlich ist, da keine Splitter bei dieser Zerstörung nach außen treten. Der Hochdruckbehälter ist daher insbesondere für die Verwendung im Haushalt und in Transportmitteln geeignet, in denen Druckgase verwendet werden, wie z.B. für Gastanks in Kraftfahrzeugen.The advantage of the invention is the simplicity of its technical realization and the attractiveness for the user, because the destruction of the high-pressure vessel is harmless when reaching a limit load, since no splinters come out in this destruction. The high-pressure vessel is therefore particularly suitable for use in the household and in means of transport in which compressed gases are used, such as e.g. for gas tanks in motor vehicles.
Die konkave Oberfläche kann beispielsweise von der Oberfläche eines einschaligen Rotationshyperboloids gebildet sein, das mit seinem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt zu der Symmetrieachse des Behälters gerichtet ist, wobei die äußere Oberfläche des einschaligen Rotationshyperboloids aus spiralförmig ausgerichteten Fasern eines Verstärkungsmaterials gebildet wirdThe concave surface may, for example, be formed by the surface of a single-shell hyperboloid of revolution directed with its tapered portion towards the axis of symmetry of the container, the outer surface of the single-shell hyperboloid of revolution being formed of spirally oriented fibers of a reinforcing material
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der die konkave Oberfläche von einem Rotationshyperboloid gebildet wird, wird die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels aus der Bedingung des Erhalts der Gleichung d1 *sinϕ1 = d2 *sinϕ2 für die spiralförmig ausgerichteten Fasern des Verstärkungsmaterials ausgewählt, wobei d1 der Durchmesser des Schnitts durch die zylindrische Oberfläche der Verstärkungsummantelung außerhalb des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels ist;
d2 der Durchmesser der kleinsten Schnittfläche des Rotationshyperboloids ist, die über die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels gebildet wird;
ϕ1, ϕ2 die jeweiligen Ausrichtungswinkel der spiralförmigen Fasern in den genannten Schnitten sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention in which the concave surface is formed by a rotational hyperboloid, the width of the local fringe belt becomes the condition of obtaining the equation d 1 * sin φ 1 = d 2 * sin φ 2 for the spirally oriented fibers of the Reinforcing material selected, wherein d 1 is the diameter of the cut through the cylindrical surface of the reinforcing jacket outside the local predetermined breaking belt;
d 2 is the diameter of the smallest cut surface of the hyperboloid of revolution formed across the width of the local break-off belt;
φ 1 , φ 2 are the respective orientation angles of the helical fibers in said sections.
Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen werden über die Breite des Sollbruch-Gürtels gleichartige Schichten des Verstärkungsmaterials, die durch in spiralförmiger und in ringförmiger Richtung ausgerichtete Fasern gebildet werden, an Oberflächen angeordnet, die im Vergleich zu ihrer Anordnung an dem übrigen zylindrischen Teil des Liners von der Oberfläche des Liners gleich weit entfernt sind, und/oder es wird in dem lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtel die lineare Dichte der Fasern der Umfangs-Verstärkung graduell zur Mitte des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels verkleinert, d.h. im Einzelfall bis zur Hälfte der Länge der Erzeugenden des Hyperboloids an der Seite seines kleinsten Querschnitts.In preferred embodiments, across the width of the break-away belt, similar layers of reinforcing material formed by helically and annularly oriented fibers are disposed on surfaces which are spaced from the surface of the liner by the remaining cylindrical portion of the liner Liners are equidistant, and / or it is in the local breaking belt, the linear density of the fibers of the circumferential reinforcement gradually reduced to the middle of the local break-off belt, ie in individual cases up to half the length of the generatrix of the hyperboloid at the side of its smallest cross-section.
Die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels beträgt das 15- bis 30-fache, bevorzugt das 20- bis 25-fache der Gesamtdicke der Ringbänder des Verstärkungsmaterials außerhalb des Bereichs des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels.The width of the local predetermined breaking belt is 15 to 30 times, preferably 20 to 25 times, the total thickness of the annular bands of the reinforcing material outside the area of the local predetermined breaking belt.
- Fig. 1Fig. 1
- zeigt ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Hochdruckgefäß im Längsschnitt.shows a known from the prior art high-pressure vessel in longitudinal section.
- Fig. 2Fig. 2
- zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckbehälter im teilweisen Längsschnitt.shows a high pressure vessel according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.
- Fig. 3Fig. 3
- stellt schematisch die Anordnung der Fasern einer spiralförmigen Verstärkung an einem Abschnitt eines Sollbruch-Gürtels dar.schematically illustrates the arrangement of the fibers of a spiral reinforcement at a portion of a predetermined breaking belt.
- Fig. 4Fig. 4
-
zeigt das Detail A des Schnittprofils des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels, das in
Fig. 2 dargestellt ist.shows the detail A of the section profile of the local breakage belt, which inFig. 2 is shown. - Fig. 5Fig. 5
- zeigt die äußere Ansicht eines Zerstörungsbilds des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels.shows the outer view of a destruction image of the local predetermined breaking belt.
- Fig. 6Fig. 6
-
stellt das Detail B des Schnittprofils des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels dar, das in
Fig. 5 dargestellt ist.represents the detail B of the section profile of the local breakage belt, which inFig. 5 is shown. - Fig. 7Fig. 7
- ist eine Ansicht der Zerstörung im lokalen Gürtel eines experimentellen Behälters bei einem Druck von 930 bar.is a view of the destruction in the local belt of an experimental vessel at a pressure of 930 bar.
Wie in
Die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Verbundstoff-Verstärkungsummantelung des Behälters besteht darin, dass sie sich in einem gespannt-verformten Zustand unter Wirkung eines inneren Drucks befindet, bei dem eine Konzentration der Spannungen in dem ringförmigen Verstärkungsmaterial auf einen lokalen Gürtel beschränkt ist und in dem spiralförmigen Verstärkungsmaterial keine Veränderungen stattfinden. Bei Erreichen eines Grenzdrucks in dem Behälter wird das ringförmig angeordnete Verstärkungsmaterial über die Breite des lokalen Gürtels zerstört, auch der metallische Liner wird zerstört, und das äußere spiralförmige Verstärkungsmaterial wird, da es an der äußeren Oberfläche in Form eines einschaligen Hyperboloids vorhanden ist, verformt und nimmt, indem es sich nur in dem Abschnitt des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels verbreitert, die Form eines "chinesischen Lampions" (
Der erfindungsgemäße Hochdruckbehälter von
Die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels kann definiert werden als die Breite des Störungsbereichs des Randeffekts bei Verbindung der Ummantelungen mit verschiedener Dicke. Es ist zweckmäßig, diese Breite zur Erreichung einer notwendigen Stärke so zu wählen, dass sie das 15- bis 30-fache, oder bevorzugt das 20- bis 25-fache der Dicke der Verstärkungsummantelung des Behälters beträgt.The width of the local frangible belt may be defined as the width of the fringe area of the fringe effect when connecting the sheaths of different thickness. It is expedient to choose this width to achieve a necessary thickness so that it is 15 to 30 times, or preferably 20 to 25 times the thickness of the reinforcing jacket of the container.
Andererseits muss für eine Erfüllung der Anforderung an die Bildung eines einteiligen Aufbaus des Verbundstoffes durch dichtes Anlegen der Fasern der spiral- und ringförmigen Verstärkung im Prozess der technischen Verwirklichung des Verfahrens der Wicklung der Fasern der spiralförmigen Verstärkung über die Länge des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels die Bedingung erfüllt sein:
wobei
d1 der Durchmesser eines Querschnitts im Bereich der zylindrischen Oberfläche der Verstärkungsummantelung ist,
d2 der Durchmesser des kleinsten Querschnitts im Bereich der Oberfläche des einschaligen Rotationshyperboloids ist,
ϕ1, ϕ2 die jeweiligen Ausrichtungswinkel der spiralförmigen Fasern in den genannten Schnitten sind.
was im Endergebnis zu der Auswahl der Breite L des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels führt, die durch das Verhältnis definiert ist:
in which
d 1 is the diameter of a cross section in the region of the cylindrical surface of the reinforcing jacket,
d 2 is the diameter of the smallest cross-section in the area of the surface of the single-walled hyperboloid of revolution
φ 1 , φ 2 are the respective orientation angles of the helical fibers in said sections.
which in the end leads to the selection of the width L of the local break-off belt, which is defined by the ratio:
Wird die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels gemäß dieser Abhängigkeit berechnet, muss diese bei der Berechnung auch mit der empfohlenen Breite verglichen werden, die gleich dem 20- bis 25-fachen der Dicke der Verstärkungsummantelung des Behälters ist. Im Endeffekt kann die größere dieser Breiten ausgewählt werden.If the width of the local breakneck belt is calculated according to this dependency, it must also be compared in the calculation with the recommended width equal to 20 to 25 times the thickness of the reinforcing jacket of the container. In the end, the larger of these widths can be selected.
Bei der Auswahl dieser Verhältnisse ist es empfehlenswert, die Menge des Verstärkungsmaterials über die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels im Vergleich zu der Menge des Verstärkungsmaterials an dem übrigen zylindrischen Teil der Verstärkungsummantelung wenigstens um 30 % zu reduzieren. Die Verringerung der Menge des Verstärkungsmaterials um 30 % bis 40 %, bevorzugt um 30 %, ist am vorteilhaftesten.In choosing these ratios, it is advisable to reduce the amount of reinforcing material across the width of the local break-off belt by at least 30% as compared to the amount of reinforcing material on the remaining cylindrical portion of the reinforcing jacket. Reducing the amount of reinforcing material by 30% to 40%, preferably by 30%, is most advantageous.
Für eine splitterlose Zerstörung des Behälters über die Breite des lokalen Sollbruch-Gürtels ist es zweckmäßig, gleichartige Schichten des Verstärkungsmaterials, die jeweils von ausgerichteten Fasern in spiralförmiger und in ringförmiger Richtung des zylindrischen Abschnitts gebildet werden, an Oberflächen anzuordnen, die bezüglich der Oberfläche des Liners 1 in verschiedenen Entfernungen angeordnet sind. Das heißt, über die gegebene Länge werden zunächst nur die Fasern der ringförmigen Verstärkungsschicht 3 auf den Liner aufgebracht, während die Fasern der spiralförmigen Verstärkungsschicht 4 von der Außenseite der Verstärkungsummantelung aus aufgebracht werden, wie dies in
In
Die Ausführung der vorgeschlagenen Lösung wurde am Beispiel eines Druckbehälters mit einem Volumen von 7 Litern mit einem Arbeitsdruck von 300 bar und einem Zerstörungsdruck von wenigstens 900 bar durchgeführt. Dabei war die Verstärkungsummantelung aus kohlenstoffverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt, und die oberste Schicht wurde aus Glasfaser aufgewickelt. In
Die Erfindung kann in Hochdruckgefäßen angewendet werden, die insbesondere in tragbaren Sauerstoff-Atemgeräten für Bergsteiger und Rettungskräfte, in mobilen Erzeugnissen der Kälte- und Brandschutztechnik, in Gasversorgungssystemen und in der Automobiltechnik benutzt werden.The invention can be applied in high-pressure vessels, which are used in particular in portable oxygen breathing apparatus for climbers and rescue workers, in mobile products of refrigeration and fire protection technology, in gas supply systems and in automotive technology.
Claims (7)
- A high-pressure container which includes a thin-walled closed sealed metallic liner (1) with a cylindrical portion and at least one neck, and an outer reinforcement jacket (2) of composite material which surrounds the liner (1) and which is formed from at least one group of layers of high-modulus fibres of a reinforcement material, which are oriented with respect to the liner (1) in a spiral and an annular direction with a previously determined linear density, wherein one layer (4) of fibres oriented in a spiral form are arranged over a layer (3) of fibres oriented in an annular form, characterised in that provided at the cylindrical portion of the liner (1) in the reinforcement jacket (2) is a local desired-rupture belt in the form of a portion of the reinforcement jacket, which is delimited on the inside by the cylindrical surface of the liner (1) and on the outside by an overall concave surface formed from fibres of the reinforcement material, which are oriented in a spiral form, wherein the linear density of the fibres of a layer (3) of the reinforcement material of fibres oriented in an annular form at the portion of the local desired-rupture belt is not more than 70% of the linear density of said layer (3) at the rest of the cylindrical portion.
- A container according to claim 1 wherein the concave outside surface is formed by a single-shell hyperboloid of revolution.
- A container according to claim 2 wherein the width of the local desired-rupture belt is so selected that the equation d1sinϕ1 = d2sinϕ2 is satisfied for the fibres of the reinforcement material (4), which are oriented in a spiral form, wherein
d1 is the diameter of a cross-section in the region of the cylindrical surface of the reinforcement jacket,
d2 is the diameter of the smallest cross-section in the region of the surface of the single-shell hyperboloid of revolution, and
ϕ1, ϕ2 are the respective angles of orientation of the spiral fibres in the said layers. - A container according to one of the preceding claims wherein over the width of the desired-rupture belt similar layers of the reinforcement material, which are formed from fibres of the cylindrical portion, that are oriented in a spiral and annular direction, are arranged at surfaces which in comparison with the arrangement of the corresponding layers (3, 4) at the rest of the cylindrical part of the liner (1) are disposed at different spacings from the surface of the liner (1).
- A container according to claim 4 wherein at the cylindrical portion of the reinforcement jacket at both sides of the desired-rupture belt similar layers of the reinforcement material, that are formed by fibres of the cylindrical portion that are oriented in the spiral and annular direction, are arranged in pairs at surfaces which are at equal spacings from the inner surface of the liner (1).
- A container according to one of the preceding claims wherein the linear density of the fibres of the annular reinforcement (3) of the local desired-rupture belt gradually reduces towards the centre of the local desired-rupture belt.
- A container according to one of the preceding claims wherein the width of the local desired-rupture belt exceeds the overall thickness of the outer reinforcement jacket (2) outside the region of the local desired-rupture belt by 20 to 25 times.
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RU2008134618/06A RU2393375C2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2008-08-27 | High pressure vessel |
PCT/EP2009/006181 WO2010022927A1 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2009-08-26 | High-pressure container |
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RU2754572C1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-09-03 | Николай Григорьевич МОРОЗ | High-pressure metal-composite cylinder with large-diameter necks |
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FR2669396B1 (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1997-05-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | LOW UNIT WEIGHT TANK, ESPECIALLY FOR THE STORAGE OF PRESSURIZED FLUIDS AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD. |
DE9303113U1 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1994-04-14 | Schaefer Werke Gmbh | Pressure-resistant metal container |
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FR2795482A1 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 2000-12-29 | Portinox Sa | SECURITY GROOVE APPLICABLE TO PRESSURE TANKS |
US6548166B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-04-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stretchable fibers of polymers, spinnerets useful to form the fibers, and articles produced therefrom |
US6547092B1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-04-15 | Solomon Chervatsky | Pressure vessel with thin unstressed metallic liner |
US6656586B2 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-12-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Bicomponent fibers with high wicking rate |
JP2008057632A (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fluid storage tank |
FR2923575A1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-15 | Michelin Soc Tech | PRESSURIZED FLUID RESERVOIR, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A RESERVOIR. |
-
2008
- 2008-08-27 RU RU2008134618/06A patent/RU2393375C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-08-26 WO PCT/EP2009/006181 patent/WO2010022927A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-08-26 EP EP09778122A patent/EP2326865B1/en active Active
- 2009-08-26 US US13/059,245 patent/US8550286B2/en active Active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110966514A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | High-pressure tank |
CN110966514B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-08-20 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | High-pressure tank |
DE102019120243A1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-01-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Wall for a pressure vessel, pressure vessel and method for producing a wall for a pressure vessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2326865A1 (en) | 2011-06-01 |
RU2008134618A (en) | 2010-03-10 |
US8550286B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
US20110139796A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
RU2393375C2 (en) | 2010-06-27 |
WO2010022927A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
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