EP2326426B1 - Separating device for separating particles able to be magnetized and particles not able to be magnetized transported in a suspension flowing through a separating channel - Google Patents

Separating device for separating particles able to be magnetized and particles not able to be magnetized transported in a suspension flowing through a separating channel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2326426B1
EP2326426B1 EP09782427.0A EP09782427A EP2326426B1 EP 2326426 B1 EP2326426 B1 EP 2326426B1 EP 09782427 A EP09782427 A EP 09782427A EP 2326426 B1 EP2326426 B1 EP 2326426B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
separating
yoke
permanent magnet
channel
separating device
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EP09782427.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2326426A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Trautmann
Kathrin Bender
Jürgen OSWALD
Wolfgang Schmidt
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/002—High gradient magnetic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0335—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/18—Magnetic separation whereby the particles are suspended in a liquid

Definitions

  • Separating device for separating magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles transported in a suspension flowing through a separation channel
  • the invention relates to a separation device for separating magnetizable and nonmagnetizable particles transported in a suspension flowing through a separation channel with at least one permanent magnet arranged on only one side of the separation channel for generating a magnetic field gradient which deflects magnetizable particles toward this side.
  • magnetizable particles of non-magnetizable particles are often to be separated from each other, in particular magnetizable particles of non-magnetizable particles.
  • a separation channel which is defined for example by a tube
  • a suspension is then passed through the separation channel, which contains the magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles. Due to the prevailing magnetic field gradients, forces act on the magnetizable particles which also scale with the field strength, which deflects them in particular toward the side wall of the separation channel located adjacent to the permanent magnets.
  • a separator for suspended particles having two magnets arranged opposite one another on a separating channel and connected to a yoke is known, for example, from the document WO 2004/106245 A known.
  • the magnetic field gradients / field strengths generated by such an arrangement are too small in wide regions of the separation channel to ensure effective separation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a separation device in which an improved separation due to higher field strengths or magnetic field gradients can be achieved.
  • a yoke for closing the magnetic circuit is provided by the permanent magnet opposite to the permanent magnet side of the separation channel.
  • the invention therefore, in addition to the mere use of one or more permanent magnets, provision is made for guiding elements in the form of a yoke in order to minimize stray field losses and thus to improve the field distribution within the separation channel.
  • the yoke and thus also field portions are guided in the form of a magnetic flux through the yoke to the opposite side of the separating channel so as to ideally close the magnetic circuit in each case Case but to achieve an improved gradient formation.
  • the surface of the yoke facing the separating channel adjacent the separating magnet is larger than the surface of the permanent magnet facing the separating channel, in particular the yoke guided on one side about the separating channel on the side opposite the permanent magnet and extended beyond the separating channel is.
  • Such a design of the yoke distributes the exit points of the field lines of the magnetic circuit, wherein the magnetic field lines are known to always emerge perpendicularly from the surface, so that overall the field lines are drawn more broadly from the permanent magnet or the permanent magnet arrangement across the separation channel that results in an overall stronger gradient.
  • the increase in area, in particular the targeted extension of the yoke leg thus serves to produce a diverging field profile with a high gradient, so that the separation properties are further improved.
  • the thickness of the surface of the yoke facing the permanent magnet adjacent to the separating channel is adapted in its thickness in order to produce larger magnetic field gradients is. It is exploited that, as already described above, magnetic field lines basically emerge perpendicularly from the yoke surface, so that a field-shaping effect is achieved and figuratively speaking the field lines are further pulled apart by skilful design of the surface in three dimensions, so that here divergent field profile is promoted and the magnetic field gradients are increased. Specifically, it can be provided that the yoke has a particular trapezoidal or round depression, in particular protrudes into the separation channel.
  • the yoke can thus partially surround the separation channel, which leads to a further improved field design, on the one hand the magnetic field gradients are increased, but on the other hand it is also possible to bring the mainly serving to close the circle corresponding surface of the yoke closer to the magnet.
  • a further optimization of the field profile can be achieved analogously, by modifying the permanent magnet side facing the separation channel, adjacent to the separation channel surface.
  • a magnetizable element in particular a disk
  • the surface of the disk facing the separation channel can be adapted in its thickness to produce larger magnetic field gradients.
  • the effect is used accordingly that the magnetic field always exits perpendicularly from the surface to ultimately shape it so that within the separation channel with the strongest possible magnetic field, a large magnetic field gradient arises, at the same time scattering losses, ie field shares outside the separation channel, but reduced become.
  • the separating element has a bulged or trapezoidal shape towards the separating channel, in particular corresponding to the shape of an opposing depression of the yoke. It can therefore be provided that the corresponding shape adjustments of the surface of the yoke and the separating element to each other be adapted so as to achieve an optimal field profile and an improved separation effect.
  • the surface of the permanent magnet facing the separation channel itself is shaped to produce larger magnetic field gradients.
  • the permanent magnet has a bulged or trapezoidal shape towards the separation channel, in particular corresponding to the shape of an opposing depression of the yoke.
  • an even number of permanent magnets is provided, each of which faces an equal number, the yoke guided externally around the permanent magnets connecting the permanent magnets to form magnetic circuits.
  • the yoke can be made open to one side. This allows better access to the separation channel also in the field of magnetic action.
  • a yoke open to one side can also be used to advantage in other ways.
  • a pivoting device is provided for pivoting the yoke open towards one side and the permanent magnet away from the separation channel.
  • the distracting magnetic field generating arrangement can be spent in a position away from the separation channel, so that it is not exposed to the magnetic effect. This can be used particularly advantageously if, for example, a rinsing step for deposits on the walls of the separation channel is provided.
  • Fig. 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the essential components of a separating device 1 according to the invention. It comprises a tube 2 running perpendicular to the image plane, which defines a separating channel 3 which is equipped with a suspension comprising magnetisable and non-magnetisable particles.
  • the purpose of the separating device 1 is to allow separation of the magnetizable particles from the nonmagnetizable particles.
  • a arranged to one side of the separation channel 3 permanent magnet 4 is provided, with the aid of a deflection magnetic field is to be generated, which deflects the magnetizable particles to the side of the permanent magnet 4 back.
  • a plurality of series-connected permanent magnets can be provided instead of a permanent magnet 4, a plurality of series-connected permanent magnets can be provided.
  • the separation device 1 further comprises a yoke 5, which extends from the pole of the permanent magnet 4 facing away from the separation channel 3 to the opposite side of the permanent magnet 4, where the yoke is formed in a prolonged Leg 6 ends.
  • the leg 6 has turned to the separation channel 3 accordingly a larger surface 8. Since the magnetic field lines, indicated here at 9, basically emerge perpendicularly from the surfaces 7, 8, their distribution widens to the larger surface 8, so that within the separation channel 3 larger field gradients are formed, which deflect the particles toward the permanent magnet 4.
  • the yoke 5 which is otherwise made of iron, a greater overall field strength is recorded in the separation channel 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of a separating device 10.
  • the separating device 10 differs from the separating device 1 in that the surface 8 of the yoke 5 facing the separating channel 3 is shaped, namely in such a way that a trapezoidal depression 11 is provided, into which the separating channel 3 respectively the tube 2 protrudes a bit far.
  • a disc 12 is provided between the permanent magnet 4 and the separation channel 3, which is also made of iron, while the wall facing the separation channel 3 13 has a trapezoidal slightly bulged shape. In this case, the bulge of the surface 13 essentially corresponds to the depression 11.
  • the surface 7 of the permanent magnet 4 facing towards the separation channel 3 can also be adapted directly to improve the deflection properties.
  • other shape adjustment options are conceivable in principle.
  • the corresponding shape configuration of the surfaces 8 and 13 makes it possible, as indicated by the field lines 9, to adapt the deflection magnetic field with respect to the field strength and the deflection magnetic field gradients in such a way that a better separation is made possible.
  • the trapezoidal depression 11 allows a stronger magnetic field gradient over the entire width of the separation channel 3, so that magnetizable particles permanently removed from the magnetic field can also be deflected towards the side of the permanent magnet 4.
  • a third embodiment of a separating device 14 according to the invention shows Fig. 3 , In contrast to Fig. 2 Here, a round depression 15 is provided, which allows a better adaptation to the pipe 2 and the separation channel 3. Again, the resulting field lines 9 are indicated. Obviously, this can also be a higher Field strength and a better distribution of the deflection force can be achieved.
  • FIG Fig. 4 A first example of a separator 16 which does not form part of the invention is shown schematically in FIG Fig. 4 shown.
  • two permanent magnets 4a and 4b are provided, which adjoin the separation channel 3 on two opposite sides.
  • the poles of the permanent magnets 4a and 4b facing away from the tube 2 are connected by the yoke 5 made of iron, which allows an increase in the field strength within the separation channel 3 by closing the magnetic circuit.
  • the field lines are indicated again at 9.
  • the yoke 5 connecting the two permanent magnets 4a and 4b is open to one side.
  • a pivoting device 18 may be provided which allows this pivoting operation of the yoke 5 away from the separation channel 3.
  • the yoke 5 may be open to one side, as for example in Fig. 1 the case is.
  • a pivoting device 18 can be advantageously used. Also in Fig. 1 it is therefore indicated.
  • the yoke 5 connecting the poles of the permanent magnets 4a-4d facing away from the separation channel 3 is designed to be circumferential and closes in each case four magnetic circles, as can be seen from the field lines 9.

Description

Trenneinrichtung zur Trennung von in einer durch einen Trennkanal strömenden Suspension transportierten magnetisierbaren und nichtmagnetisierbaren TeilchenSeparating device for separating magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles transported in a suspension flowing through a separation channel

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Trenneinrichtung zur Trennung von in einer durch einen Trennkanal strömenden Suspension transportierten magnetisierbaren und nichtmagnetisierbaren Teilchen mit wenigstens einem zu nur einer Seite des Trennkanals angeordneten Permanentmagneten zur Erzeugung eines magnetisierbare Teilchen zu dieser Seite hin ablenkenden Magnetfeldgradienten.The invention relates to a separation device for separating magnetizable and nonmagnetizable particles transported in a suspension flowing through a separation channel with at least one permanent magnet arranged on only one side of the separation channel for generating a magnetic field gradient which deflects magnetizable particles toward this side.

Insbesondere im Rahmen der Erzgewinnung oder im Bereich der Schrotttrennung sollen häufig Teilchen verschiedener magnetischer Eigenschaften voneinander getrennt werden, insbesondere magnetisierbare Teilchen von nicht magnetisierbaren Teilchen. Dazu wurde vorgeschlagen, ein oder mehrere Permanentmagneten nahe eines Trennkanals, der beispielsweise durch ein Rohr definiert ist, anzuordnen, um einen Magnetfeldgradienten innerhalb des Rohres zu erzeugen. Durch den Trennkanal wird alsdann eine Suspension geleitet, die die magnetisierbaren und nichtmagnetisierbaren Teilchen enthält. Aufgrund der vorherrschenden Magnetfeldgradienten wirken auf die magnetisierbaren Teilchen Kräfte, die auch mit der Feldstärke skalieren, die sie insbesondere zu der angrenzend an den Permanentmagneten befindlichen Seitenwand des Trennkanals hin ablenken.Especially in the context of ore extraction or in the field of scrap separation particles of different magnetic properties are often to be separated from each other, in particular magnetizable particles of non-magnetizable particles. For this purpose, it has been proposed to arrange one or more permanent magnets near a separation channel, which is defined for example by a tube, in order to generate a magnetic field gradient within the tube. A suspension is then passed through the separation channel, which contains the magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles. Due to the prevailing magnetic field gradients, forces act on the magnetizable particles which also scale with the field strength, which deflects them in particular toward the side wall of the separation channel located adjacent to the permanent magnets.

Es wurden kontinuierliche Verfahren vorgeschlagen, in denen durch eine Trenneinrichtung, beispielsweise eine Blende, die seitlich abgetrennten magnetisierbaren Teilchen von den nichtmagnetischen Teilchen getrennt werden sollen, jedoch ist die Kraftverteilung im Trennkanal dann meist so inhomogen, dass sich an den Wänden Ablagerungen bilden. Häufig ist es daher üblich, Magnetfeldgradienten und Magnetfelder einer Stärke vorzusehen, die zur Anlagerung des magnetisierbaren Anteils an die Wände des Trennkanals führen, so dass er in einem folgenden Spülschritt entfernt werden kann.Continuous methods have been proposed, in which by a separator, such as a diaphragm, the laterally separated magnetizable particles are to be separated from the non-magnetic particles, but the force distribution in the separation channel is then usually inhomogeneous that form deposits on the walls. Frequently, it is therefore customary to provide magnetic field gradients and magnetic fields of a strength which are suitable for the attachment of the magnetizable material Share on the walls of the separation channel, so that it can be removed in a subsequent rinse step.

Eine Trenneinrichtung für in einer Suspension befindliche Teilchen mit zwei einander gegenüberliegend an einem Trennkanal angeordneten Magneten, die mit einem Joch verbunden sind, ist beispielsweise aus dem Dokument WO 2004/106245 A bekannt.A separator for suspended particles having two magnets arranged opposite one another on a separating channel and connected to a yoke is known, for example, from the document WO 2004/106245 A known.

Nachteilhafterweise sind die durch eine solche Anordnung erzeugten Magnetfeldgradienten/Feldstärken in weiten Bereichen des Trennkanals jedoch zu gering, um eine effektive Trennung zu gewährleisten.Disadvantageously, however, the magnetic field gradients / field strengths generated by such an arrangement are too small in wide regions of the separation channel to ensure effective separation.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Trenneinrichtung anzugeben, bei der eine verbesserte Trennung aufgrund höherer Feldstärken beziehungsweise Magnetfeldgradienten erzielt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a separation device in which an improved separation due to higher field strengths or magnetic field gradients can be achieved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß Anspruch 1 bei einer Trenneinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass ein Joch zum Schließen des Magnetkreises von dem Permanentmagneten zur dem Permanentmagneten gegenüberliegenden Seite des Trennkanals vorgesehen ist.To solve this problem is provided according to the invention according to claim 1 in a separator of the type mentioned that a yoke for closing the magnetic circuit is provided by the permanent magnet opposite to the permanent magnet side of the separation channel.

Erfindungsgemäß ist demnach zusätzlich zur bloßen Verwendung eines oder mehrerer Permanentmagneten vorgesehen, Leitelemente in Form eines Jochs vorzusehen, um Streufeldverluste zu minimieren und somit die Feldverteilung innerhalb des Trennkanals zu verbessern. Bei einem oder mehreren nur zu einer Seite des Trennkanals angeordneten Permanentmagneten ist daher vorgesehen, dass das Joch und somit auch Feldanteile in Form eines magnetischen Flusses durch das Joch zur gegenüberliegenden Seite des Trennkanals geführt werden, um so idealerweise den magnetischen Kreis zu schließen, in jedem Fall aber eine verbesserte Gradientenbildung zu erreichen. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass bei Verwendung eines zylindrischen, stabförmigen Magneten und einem symmetrisch zur anderen Seite geführten zylindrischen Eisenjoch kein vollkommen geschlossener Kreis erzeugt wird, der Teilchen auch zur dem Permanentmagneten gegenüberliegenden Seite ablenken würde, in jedem Fall aber eine Verbesserung der Gradientenstruktur der die magnetisierbaren Teilchen zum Permanentmagneten hin ablenkenden Magnetfeldgradienten sowie eine Erhöhung der Feldstärke erreicht wird. Werden in einer Anordnung, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt, an mehreren Seiten des Trennkanals angeordnete Permanentmagneten beziehungsweise Permanentmagnetkombinationen durch ein Joch derart verbunden, dass die dem Trennkanal abgewandten Pole jeweils in das Joch münden, so kann eine Feldverstärkung und somit auch eine Verstärkung der Magnetfeldgradienten erreicht werden. Es sei an dieser Stelle nochmals darauf hingewiesen, dass die Kräfte auf die magnetisierbaren Teilchen sowohl mit dem Magnetfeldgradienten als auch mit der magnetischen Feldstärke selber skalieren, so dass durch das erfindungsgemäße Vorsehen eines Jochs die Trennwirkung in jedem beschriebenen Fall verbessert wird.According to the invention, therefore, in addition to the mere use of one or more permanent magnets, provision is made for guiding elements in the form of a yoke in order to minimize stray field losses and thus to improve the field distribution within the separation channel. In one or more permanent magnets arranged only on one side of the separating channel, it is therefore provided that the yoke and thus also field portions are guided in the form of a magnetic flux through the yoke to the opposite side of the separating channel so as to ideally close the magnetic circuit in each case Case but to achieve an improved gradient formation. Experiments have shown that when using a cylindrical, rod-shaped magnet and a guided symmetrically to the other side cylindrical iron yoke no perfect closed circle is generated, which would also deflect particles to the side opposite the permanent magnet side, but in any case an improvement of the gradient structure of the magnetizable particles to the permanent magnet towards deflecting Magnetic field gradients and an increase in field strength is achieved. If, in an arrangement which does not form part of the invention, permanent magnets or permanent magnet combinations arranged on several sides of the separation channel are connected by a yoke such that the poles facing away from the separation channel each open into the yoke, a field amplification and thus also an amplification of the magnetic field gradients can take place be achieved. It should again be pointed out here that the forces on the magnetizable particles scale themselves with both the magnetic field gradient and with the magnetic field strength, so that the provision of a yoke according to the invention improves the separation effect in each case described.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die dem Permanentmagneten angrenzend an den Trennkanal gegenüberliegende Oberfläche des Jochs größer ist als die zum Trennkanal weisende Oberfläche des Permanentmagneten, insbesondere das einseitig um den Trennkanal geführte Joch auf der dem Permanentmagneten gegenüberliegenden Seite über den Trennkanal hinaus verlängert ausgebildet ist. Eine derartige Ausbildung des Jochs verteilt die Austrittspunkte der Feldlinien des magnetischen Kreises, wobei die magnetischen Feldlinien bekanntermaßen immer senkrecht aus der Oberfläche austreten, so dass insgesamt die Feldlinien ausgehend von dem Permanentmagneten beziehungsweise der Permanentmagnetanordnung über den Trennkanal hinweg mehr in die Breite gezogen werden, so dass sich insgesamt stärkere Gradienten ergeben. Die Flächenvergrößerung, insbesondere die gezielte Verlängerung des Jochschenkels, dient somit der Erzeugung eines divergierenden Feldverlaufs mit hohem Gradienten, so dass die Trenneigenschaften weiter verbessert werden.In the embodiment according to the invention it is provided that the surface of the yoke facing the separating channel adjacent the separating magnet is larger than the surface of the permanent magnet facing the separating channel, in particular the yoke guided on one side about the separating channel on the side opposite the permanent magnet and extended beyond the separating channel is. Such a design of the yoke distributes the exit points of the field lines of the magnetic circuit, wherein the magnetic field lines are known to always emerge perpendicularly from the surface, so that overall the field lines are drawn more broadly from the permanent magnet or the permanent magnet arrangement across the separation channel that results in an overall stronger gradient. The increase in area, in particular the targeted extension of the yoke leg, thus serves to produce a diverging field profile with a high gradient, so that the separation properties are further improved.

Alternativ oder insbesondere auch zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass die dem Permanentmagneten angrenzend an den Trennkanal gegenüberliegende Oberfläche des Jochs zur Erzeugung größerer Magnetfeldgradienten in seiner Dicke formangepasst ist. Dabei wird ausgenutzt, dass, wie bereits oben beschrieben, magnetische Feldlinien grundsätzlich senkrecht aus der Jochoberfläche austreten, so dass ein feldformender Effekt erreicht wird und durch geschickte Ausgestaltung der Oberfläche auch im Dreidimensionalen bildlich gesprochen die Feldlinien weiter auseinander gezogen werden, so dass auch hier der divergierende Feldverlauf gefördert wird und die Magnetfeldgradienten erhöht werden. Konkret kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Joch eine insbesondere trapezförmige oder runde Einsenkung aufweist, in die insbesondere der Trennkanal einragt. Das Joch kann also abschnittsweise den Trennkanal umgeben, was zu einer weiteren verbesserten Feldgestaltung führt, da zum einen die Magnetfeldgradienten erhöht werden, zum anderen es aber auch ermöglicht wird, die hauptsächlich zum Schließen des Kreises dienende entsprechende Oberfläche des Jochs näher an den Magneten heranzuführen.Alternatively or in particular additionally, it may be provided that the thickness of the surface of the yoke facing the permanent magnet adjacent to the separating channel is adapted in its thickness in order to produce larger magnetic field gradients is. It is exploited that, as already described above, magnetic field lines basically emerge perpendicularly from the yoke surface, so that a field-shaping effect is achieved and figuratively speaking the field lines are further pulled apart by skilful design of the surface in three dimensions, so that here divergent field profile is promoted and the magnetic field gradients are increased. Specifically, it can be provided that the yoke has a particular trapezoidal or round depression, in particular protrudes into the separation channel. The yoke can thus partially surround the separation channel, which leads to a further improved field design, on the one hand the magnetic field gradients are increased, but on the other hand it is also possible to bring the mainly serving to close the circle corresponding surface of the yoke closer to the magnet.

Eine weitere Optimierung des Feldverlaufes kann analog erzielt werden, indem die permanentmagnetseitig zum Trennkanal weisende, an den Trennkanal angrenzende Oberfläche modifiziert wird. So kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein magnetisierbares Element, insbesondere eine Scheibe, zwischen dem Magneten und dem Trennkanal angeordnet ist, wobei mit besonderem Vorteil die zum Trennkanal weisende Oberfläche der Scheibe zur Erzeugung größerer Magnetfeldgradienten in ihrer Dicke formangepasst sein kann. Auch hier wird dementsprechend der Effekt genutzt, dass das Magnetfeld immer senkrecht aus der Oberfläche austritt, um es letztlich so zu formen, dass innerhalb des Trennkanals bei möglichst starkem Magnetfeld auch ein großer Magnetfeldgradient entsteht, gleichzeitig Streuverluste, also Feldanteile außerhalb des Trennkanals, jedoch reduziert werden. Daher kann beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass das Trennelement zum Trennkanal hin eine ausgewölbte oder trapezförmige Form aufweist, insbesondere entsprechend der Form einer gegenüberliegenden Einsenkung des Jochs. Es kann also vorgesehen sein, dass die entsprechenden Formanpassungen der Oberfläche des Jochs und des Trennelements aneinander angepasst werden, um so einen optimalen Feldverlauf und eine verbesserte Trennwirkung zu erreichen.A further optimization of the field profile can be achieved analogously, by modifying the permanent magnet side facing the separation channel, adjacent to the separation channel surface. Thus, it can be provided that a magnetizable element, in particular a disk, is arranged between the magnet and the separation channel, with particular advantage the surface of the disk facing the separation channel can be adapted in its thickness to produce larger magnetic field gradients. Here, too, the effect is used accordingly that the magnetic field always exits perpendicularly from the surface to ultimately shape it so that within the separation channel with the strongest possible magnetic field, a large magnetic field gradient arises, at the same time scattering losses, ie field shares outside the separation channel, but reduced become. Therefore, it may be provided, for example, that the separating element has a bulged or trapezoidal shape towards the separating channel, in particular corresponding to the shape of an opposing depression of the yoke. It can therefore be provided that the corresponding shape adjustments of the surface of the yoke and the separating element to each other be adapted so as to achieve an optimal field profile and an improved separation effect.

Alternativ zu einer entsprechenden Ausbildung der Oberfläche eines magnetisierbaren Elements kann selbstverständlich auch vorgesehen sein, dass die zum Trennkanal weisende Oberfläche des Permanentmagneten selber zur Erzeugung größerer Magnetfeldgradienten formangepasst ist. Auch in diesem Fall kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Permanentmagnet zum Trennkanal hin eine ausgewölbte oder trapezförmige Form aufweist, insbesondere entsprechend der Form einer gegenüberliegenden Einsenkung des Jochs.As an alternative to a corresponding design of the surface of a magnetizable element, it may of course also be provided that the surface of the permanent magnet facing the separation channel itself is shaped to produce larger magnetic field gradients. Also in this case it can be provided that the permanent magnet has a bulged or trapezoidal shape towards the separation channel, in particular corresponding to the shape of an opposing depression of the yoke.

In einer Anordnung, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt, kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass eine gerade Zahl von Permanentmagneten vorgesehen ist, von denen sich jeweils eine gleiche Anzahl gegenüberliegt, wobei das außen um die Permanentmagneten geführte Joch die Permanentmagneten zum Bilden magnetischer Kreise verbindet. Mit einer solchen Anordnung lassen sich Feldstrukturen im Inneren des Trennkanals erzeugen, die die Teilchen sehr effektiv zu mehreren Seiten, oder, im Grenzfall sehr vieler Permanentmagnete, zu allen Seiten des Trennkanals hin ablenkt. Das außen umlaufende Joch, das die dem Trennkanal abgewandten Pole des Permanentmagneten verbindet, wirkt dabei feldverstärkend und erhöht die Trennleistung der Trenneinrichtung.In an arrangement which does not form part of the invention, it may further be provided that an even number of permanent magnets is provided, each of which faces an equal number, the yoke guided externally around the permanent magnets connecting the permanent magnets to form magnetic circuits. With such an arrangement, field structures can be created inside the separation channel, which deflects the particles very effectively to several sides, or, in the limit of very many permanent magnets, to all sides of the separation channel. The outer circumferential yoke, which connects the pole of the permanent magnet facing away from the separation channel, thereby acts field-enhancing and increases the separation efficiency of the separator.

Insbesondere kann das Joch zu einer Seite hin offen gestaltet werden. Dies ermöglicht einen besseren Zugang zum Trennkanal auch im Bereich des magnetischen Einwirkens.In particular, the yoke can be made open to one side. This allows better access to the separation channel also in the field of magnetic action.

Die Verwendung eines nach einer Seite offenen Jochs kann auch anderweitig vorteilhaft genutzt werden. So kann in zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass eine Schwenkeinrichtung zum Verschwenken des nach einer Seite offenen Jochs und des Permanentmagneten weg von dem Trennkanal vorgesehen ist. Damit kann die das ablenkende Magnetfeld erzeugende Anordnung in eine Position entfernt vom Trennkanal verbracht werden, sodass dieser nicht weiter der magnetischen Einwirkung ausgesetzt ist. Dies kann besonders vorteilhaft genutzt werden, wenn beispielsweise ein Spülschritt für Ablagerungen an den Wänden des Trennkanals vorgesehen ist.The use of a yoke open to one side can also be used to advantage in other ways. Thus, it can be provided in an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, in that a pivoting device is provided for pivoting the yoke open towards one side and the permanent magnet away from the separation channel. Thus, the distracting magnetic field generating arrangement can be spent in a position away from the separation channel, so that it is not exposed to the magnetic effect. This can be used particularly advantageously if, for example, a rinsing step for deposits on the walls of the separation channel is provided.

Das Joch kann dabei beispielsweise aus Eisen bestehen, einem magnetischen, günstigen und leicht bearbeitbaren Werkstoff. Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus den im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel in der erfindungsgemäßen Trenneinrichtung,
Fig. 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Trenneinrichtung,
Fig. 3
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Trenneinrichtung,
Fig. 4
ein erstes Beispiel einer Trenneinrichtung, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt, und
Fig. 5
ein zweites Beispiel einer Trenneinrichtung, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt.
For example, the yoke may be made of iron, a magnetic, inexpensive and easily machinable material. Further advantages and details of the present invention will become apparent from the embodiments described below and with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment in the separating device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
A second embodiment of a separating device according to the invention,
Fig. 3
A third embodiment of a separating device according to the invention,
Fig. 4
a first example of a separating device, which does not form part of the invention, and
Fig. 5
a second example of a separator which does not form part of the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Prinzipskizze der wesentlichen Komponenten einer erfindungsgemäßen Trenneinrichtung 1. Sie umfasst ein senkrecht zur Bildebene verlaufendes Rohr 2, dass einen Trennkanal 3 definiert, der mit einer Suspension umfassend magnetisierbare und nichtmagnetisierbare Teilchen bestückt wird. Aufgabe der Trenneinrichtung 1 ist es, eine Trennung der magnetisierbaren von den nichtmagnetisierbaren Teilchen zu erlauben. Dazu ist nun ein zu einer Seite des Trennkanals 3 angeordneter Permanentmagnet 4 vorgesehen, mit dessen Hilfe ein Ablenkmagnetfeld erzeugt werden soll, das die magnetisierbaren Teilchen zu der Seite des Permanentmagneten 4 hin ablenkt. Dabei ist an dieser Stelle anzumerken, dass statt einem Permanentmagneten 4 auch mehrere, in Reihe geschaltete Permanentmagnete vorgesehen sein können. Fig. 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the essential components of a separating device 1 according to the invention. It comprises a tube 2 running perpendicular to the image plane, which defines a separating channel 3 which is equipped with a suspension comprising magnetisable and non-magnetisable particles. The purpose of the separating device 1 is to allow separation of the magnetizable particles from the nonmagnetizable particles. For this purpose, a arranged to one side of the separation channel 3 permanent magnet 4 is provided, with the aid of a deflection magnetic field is to be generated, which deflects the magnetizable particles to the side of the permanent magnet 4 back. It should be noted at this point that instead of a permanent magnet 4, a plurality of series-connected permanent magnets can be provided.

Zur Optimierung der Feldeigenschaften und zur Verbesserung der Feldstärke innerhalb des Trennkanals 3 umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Trenneinrichtung 1 weiterhin ein Joch 5, welches von dem dem Trennkanal 3 abgewandten Pol des Permanentmagneten 4 zu der dem Permanentmagneten 4 gegenüberliegenden Seite verläuft, wo das Joch in einem verlängert ausgebildeten Schenkel 6 endet. Verglichen mit der zum Trennkanal hingewandten Oberfläche 7 des Permanentmagneten 4 weist der Schenkel 6 zum Trennkanal 3 hingewandt dementsprechend eine größere Oberfläche 8 auf. Da die magnetischen Feldlinien, hier bei 9 angedeutet, grundsätzlich senkrecht aus den Oberflächen 7, 8 austreten, verbreitert sich ihre Verteilung zu der größeren Oberfläche 8 mithin, so dass innerhalb des Trennkanals 3 größere Feldgradienten entstehen, die die Teilchen zum Permanentmagneten 4 hin ablenken. Gleichzeitig ist durch das Schließen des magnetischen Kreises durch das Joch 5, welches im Übrigen aus Eisen besteht, insgesamt eine größere Feldstärke im Trennkanal 3 zu verzeichnen.In order to optimize the field properties and to improve the field strength within the separation channel 3, the separation device 1 according to the invention further comprises a yoke 5, which extends from the pole of the permanent magnet 4 facing away from the separation channel 3 to the opposite side of the permanent magnet 4, where the yoke is formed in a prolonged Leg 6 ends. Compared with the wall facing the separation channel 7 of the permanent magnet 4, the leg 6 has turned to the separation channel 3 accordingly a larger surface 8. Since the magnetic field lines, indicated here at 9, basically emerge perpendicularly from the surfaces 7, 8, their distribution widens to the larger surface 8, so that within the separation channel 3 larger field gradients are formed, which deflect the particles toward the permanent magnet 4. At the same time, as a result of the closing of the magnetic circuit by the yoke 5, which is otherwise made of iron, a greater overall field strength is recorded in the separation channel 3.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Trenneinrichtung 10. Dabei sind gleiche Teile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Ersichtlich unterscheidet sich das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel, die Trenneinrichtung 10, von der Trenneinrichtung 1 zum einen darin, dass die zum Trennkanal 3 hingewandte Oberfläche 8 des Jochs 5 formangepasst ist, nämlich derart, dass eine trapezförmige Einsenkung 11 vorgesehen ist, in die der Trennkanal 3 respektive das Rohr 2 ein Stück weit hineinragt. Zudem ist zwischen dem Permanentmagneten 4 und dem Trennkanal 3 eine Scheibe 12 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls aus Eisen gefertigt ist, während die zum Trennkanal 3 hingewandte Oberfläche 13 eine trapezförmig leicht ausgewölbte Form aufweist. Dabei entspricht die Auswölbung der Oberfläche 13 im Wesentlichen der Einsenkung 11. Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of a separating device 10. In this case, identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals. Visually, the second embodiment, the separating device 10, differs from the separating device 1 in that the surface 8 of the yoke 5 facing the separating channel 3 is shaped, namely in such a way that a trapezoidal depression 11 is provided, into which the separating channel 3 respectively the tube 2 protrudes a bit far. In addition, a disc 12 is provided between the permanent magnet 4 and the separation channel 3, which is also made of iron, while the wall facing the separation channel 3 13 has a trapezoidal slightly bulged shape. In this case, the bulge of the surface 13 essentially corresponds to the depression 11.

Es sei an dieser Stelle angemerkt, dass auch die zum Trennkanal 3 hin weisende Oberfläche 7 des Permanentmagneten 4 unmittelbar zur Verbesserung der Ablenkeigenschaften formangepasst werden kann. Zudem sind grundsätzlich auch andere Formanpassungsmöglichkeiten denkbar.It should be noted at this point that the surface 7 of the permanent magnet 4 facing towards the separation channel 3 can also be adapted directly to improve the deflection properties. In addition, other shape adjustment options are conceivable in principle.

Die entsprechende Formausgestaltung der Oberflächen 8 und 13 ermöglicht es, wie durch die Feldlinien 9 angedeutet, das Ablenkmagnetfeld bezüglich der Feldstärke und der Ablenkmagnetfeldgradienten so anzupassen, dass eine bessere Trennung ermöglicht wird. Insbesondere ermöglicht die trapezförmige Einsenkung 11 einen stärkeren Magnetfeldgradienten über die gesamte Breite des Trennkanals 3, so dass auch permanentmagnetferne magnetisierbare Teilchen zur Seite des Permanentmagneten 4 hin abgelenkt werden können.The corresponding shape configuration of the surfaces 8 and 13 makes it possible, as indicated by the field lines 9, to adapt the deflection magnetic field with respect to the field strength and the deflection magnetic field gradients in such a way that a better separation is made possible. In particular, the trapezoidal depression 11 allows a stronger magnetic field gradient over the entire width of the separation channel 3, so that magnetizable particles permanently removed from the magnetic field can also be deflected towards the side of the permanent magnet 4.

Ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Trenneinrichtung 14 zeigt Fig. 3. Im Unterschied zu Fig. 2 ist hier eine runde Einsenkung 15 vorgesehen, die eine bessere Anpassung an das Rohr 2 beziehungsweise den Trennkanal 3 erlaubt. Auch hier sind die resultierenden Feldlinien 9 angedeutet. Ersichtlich kann auch auf diese Weise eine höhere Feldstärke und eine bessere Verteilung der Ablenkkraft erzielt werden.A third embodiment of a separating device 14 according to the invention shows Fig. 3 , In contrast to Fig. 2 Here, a round depression 15 is provided, which allows a better adaptation to the pipe 2 and the separation channel 3. Again, the resulting field lines 9 are indicated. Obviously, this can also be a higher Field strength and a better distribution of the deflection force can be achieved.

Ein erstes Beispiel einer Trenneinrichtung 16, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt, ist schematisch in Fig. 4 dargestellt. In diesem Fall sind zwei Permanentmagnete 4a und 4b vorgesehen, die an den Trennkanal 3 an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten angrenzen. Die dem Rohr 2 abgewandten Pole der Permanentmagneten 4a und 4b sind durch das Joch 5 aus Eisen verbunden, welches eine Erhöhung der Feldstärke innerhalb des Trennkanals 3 ermöglicht, indem es den magnetischen Kreis schließt. Die Feldlinien werden erneut bei 9 angedeutet.A first example of a separator 16 which does not form part of the invention is shown schematically in FIG Fig. 4 shown. In this case, two permanent magnets 4a and 4b are provided, which adjoin the separation channel 3 on two opposite sides. The poles of the permanent magnets 4a and 4b facing away from the tube 2 are connected by the yoke 5 made of iron, which allows an increase in the field strength within the separation channel 3 by closing the magnetic circuit. The field lines are indicated again at 9.

Ersichtlich ist das die zwei Permanentmagneten 4a und 4b verbindende Joch 5 zu einer Seite hin offen. Dies ermöglicht es, das Joch 5 mit den Permanentmagneten 4a, 4b entlang einer in der Bildebene verlaufenden horizontalen Achse zu verschwenken, sodass das Joch 5 und die Permanentmagneten 4a und 4b von dem Trennkanal 3 entfernt werden können. Vorteilhafterweise kann also, beispielsweise zur Entfernung von Ablagerungen an den Seitenwänden des Rohrs 2 in einem Spülschritt, eine Schwenkeinrichtung 18 vorgesehen sein, die diesen Schwenkvorgang des Jochs 5 weg von dem Trennkanal 3 ermöglicht. Es sei angemerkt, dass auch bei erfindungsgemäßer Verwendung nur eines einzigen Permanentmagneten 4 das Joch 5 zu einer Seite hin offen sein kann, wie es beispielsweise in Fig. 1 der Fall ist. Auch dort kann dementsprechend eine Schwenkeinrichtung 18 vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden. Auch in Fig. 1 ist sie demnach angedeutet.As can be seen, the yoke 5 connecting the two permanent magnets 4a and 4b is open to one side. This makes it possible to pivot the yoke 5 with the permanent magnets 4a, 4b along a horizontal axis extending in the image plane, so that the yoke 5 and the permanent magnets 4a and 4b can be removed from the separation channel 3. Advantageously, therefore, for example, to remove deposits on the side walls of the tube 2 in a rinsing step, a pivoting device 18 may be provided which allows this pivoting operation of the yoke 5 away from the separation channel 3. It should be noted that even with inventive use of only a single permanent magnet 4, the yoke 5 may be open to one side, as for example in Fig. 1 the case is. There, accordingly, a pivoting device 18 can be advantageously used. Also in Fig. 1 it is therefore indicated.

Ein zweites Beispiel einer Trenneinrichtung 17, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellt, mit vier Permanentmagneten 4a, 4b, 4c und 4d, wobei sich jeweils zwei der Permanentmagneten, nämlich 4a und 4b sowie 4c und 4d gegenüberliegen, ist in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Das die dem Trennkanal 3 abgewandten Pole der Permanentmagneten 4a - 4d verbindende Joch 5 ist umlaufend ausgestaltet und schließt jeweils vier magnetische Kreise, wie auch die Feldlinien 9 erkennen lassen.A second example of a separating device 17, which does not form part of the invention, with four permanent magnets 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, wherein in each case two of the permanent magnets, namely 4a and 4b and 4c and 4d opposite, is in Fig. 5 shown. The yoke 5 connecting the poles of the permanent magnets 4a-4d facing away from the separation channel 3 is designed to be circumferential and closes in each case four magnetic circles, as can be seen from the field lines 9.

Es sind auch Anordnungen mit mehr als vier Permanentmagneten denkbar, die keinen Teil der Erfindung darstellen, wobei bei einer sehr großen Zahl von Permanentmagneten letztlich eine Kraftverteilung entsteht, die magnetisierbare Teilchen insgesamt zur Wand des Trennkanals 3 hin ablenkt. There are also arrangements with more than four permanent magnets conceivable that do not form part of the invention, wherein in a very large number of permanent magnets ultimately creates a force distribution that deflects magnetizable particles total to the wall of the separation channel 3 out.

Claims (12)

  1. Separating device (1, 10, 14) for separating magnetisable particles and non-magnetizable particles transported in a suspension flowing through a separating channel (3), having at least one permanent magnet (4) arranged on only one side of the separating channel (3) for generating a magnetic field gradient which deflects magnetizable particles to said side, wherein a yoke (5) taken around the separating channel (3) to the side opposite from the permanent magnet (4) is provided for closing the magnetic circuit from the permanent magnet (4) to the side of the separating channel (3) that is opposite from the permanent magnet (4), wherein the surface (8) of the yoke (5) that is opposite from the permanent magnet (4) and adjacent to the separating channel (3) is larger than the surface (7) of the permanent magnet (4) that is facing the separating channel (3)
  2. Separating device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the yoke (5) taken on one side around the separating channel (3) is formed on the side opposite from the permanent magnet (4) such that it extends beyond the separating channel (3).
  3. Separating device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface (8) of the yoke (5) that is opposite from the permanent magnet (4) and adjacent to the separating channel (3) is dimensionally adapted in its thickness to generate greater magnetic field gradients.
  4. Separating device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the yoke (5) has, in particular, a trapezoidal or round indentation (11, 15), into which particularly the separating channel (3) protrudes.
  5. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a magnetizable element, in particular a plate (12), is arranged between the permanent magnet (4) and the separating channel (3).
  6. Separating device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the surface (13) of the element that is facing the separating channel (3) is dimensionally adapted in its thickness to generate greater magnetic field gradients.
  7. Separating device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the element has toward the separating channel (3) a convexly curved or trapezoidal form, in particular corresponding to the form of an opposing indentation (11, 15) of the yoke (5).
  8. Separating device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface (7) of the permanent magnet (4) that is facing the separating channel (3) is dimensionally adapted to generate greater magnetic field gradients.
  9. Separating device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the permanent magnet (4) has toward the separating channel (3) a convexly curved or trapezoidal form, in particular corresponding to the form of an opposing indentation (11, 15) of the yoke (5).
  10. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the yoke (5) is open to one side.
  11. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pivoting device (187) is provided for pivoting the yoke (5) that is open to one side and the permanent magnet (4) away from the separating channel (3).
  12. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the yoke (5) consists of iron.
EP09782427.0A 2008-09-18 2009-09-01 Separating device for separating particles able to be magnetized and particles not able to be magnetized transported in a suspension flowing through a separating channel Active EP2326426B1 (en)

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AU2009294717B2 (en) 2013-02-14
CL2011000428A1 (en) 2011-05-13
TR201900212T4 (en) 2019-02-21
CN102159323A (en) 2011-08-17
CL2011000448A1 (en) 2011-04-29
US20110163014A1 (en) 2011-07-07
PL2326426T3 (en) 2019-05-31
CA2737517A1 (en) 2010-03-25
CL2011000407A1 (en) 2011-06-03
DE102008047855A1 (en) 2010-04-22
US8584863B2 (en) 2013-11-19
PE20110780A1 (en) 2011-11-24
CA2737517C (en) 2014-03-11
AU2009294717A1 (en) 2010-03-25
CN102159323B (en) 2015-08-19
EP2326426A1 (en) 2011-06-01
WO2010031679A1 (en) 2010-03-25
CL2011000364A1 (en) 2011-04-29
CL2011000426A1 (en) 2011-08-05

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