EP2321619A1 - Mehrkamerasystem und verfahren zu dessen kalibrierung - Google Patents
Mehrkamerasystem und verfahren zu dessen kalibrierungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2321619A1 EP2321619A1 EP09780752A EP09780752A EP2321619A1 EP 2321619 A1 EP2321619 A1 EP 2321619A1 EP 09780752 A EP09780752 A EP 09780752A EP 09780752 A EP09780752 A EP 09780752A EP 2321619 A1 EP2321619 A1 EP 2321619A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cameras
- calibration
- camera system
- offset
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/80—Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
- G06T7/85—Stereo camera calibration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/239—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras using two two-dimensional [2D] image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/204—Image signal generators using stereoscopic image cameras
- H04N13/246—Calibration of cameras
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10004—Still image; Photographic image
- G06T2207/10012—Stereo images
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30248—Vehicle exterior or interior
- G06T2207/30252—Vehicle exterior; Vicinity of vehicle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for calibrating a multi-camera system which has at least two cameras spaced apart from one another with electronic image sensors, wherein the cameras are aligned with respect to their optical axes during the calibration and the cameras serve, in particular, to supply three-dimensional image information and furthermore preferably to the multi-camera system a vehicle is arranged.
- the invention further relates to such a multi-camera system.
- a calibration of the two cameras is required for the correct extraction of image information.
- the internal and external calibration whereby the orientation of the at least two cameras is taken into account with external calibration, in particular their position relative to one another.
- it is customary for this purpose to use the cameras in a defined environment with known objects (targets) and to compare the image information thus obtained with respect to their agreement between the two camera images or with respect to their image information differing due to the desired three-dimensional representation and correspondingly the cameras or at least to adjust one of the cameras in their mechanical position relative to at least one other camera.
- a defined environment, namely at least one target is required. In particular, this is regularly required, the
- the object of the invention is to provide a method that simplifies the calibration of multi-camera systems and less expensive, in particular such that can be dispensed with defined environments and / or targets.
- an online calibration should be made possible at any time.
- a method for calibrating a multi-camera system having at least two cameras spaced apart from each other with electronic image sensors, wherein the cameras are aligned with respect to their optical axes during calibration and the cameras are used in particular the delivery of three-dimensional image information and further preferably the multi-camera system a vehicle is arranged. It is provided that the position of the cameras to each other, in particular the alignment of their optical axes to each other before, during and after the calibration remains unchanged and that the calibration of the cameras by electronic processing of image information from at least one of the cameras.
- the position of at least one camera relative to at least one of the other cameras is not changed for calibration of the multi-camera system;
- the optical axes of the cameras are not changed relative to each other.
- the image information of at least one of the cameras is modified by electronic processing in such a way that the calibration of the cameras takes place, thus leading to the correct acquisition of image information of the entire multi-camera system.
- This is done in particular by a calculation rule, which is executed in a computing unit, wherein the arithmetic unit may be part of the multi-camera system or arranged externally, for example in a vehicle computer or vehicle control unit.
- the image information of at least one of the cameras is provided with at least one offset for the calibration.
- An offset here is a deviation in the vertical or horizontal direction, based on the position of the image information on the image sensor, this offset causes a shift of the image of the camera in the direction of the offset.
- the image information of at least one of the cameras is tilted about at least one defined axis for the calibration.
- Image information obtained image is placed in a relative position, which is in terms of the original position of the image, as it is obtained from the image sensor, changed, in particular tilted. Accordingly, after performing this step, the image has an altered, namely tilted, position relative to the image originally obtained by the sensor of the camera.
- the image information of at least one of the cameras is tilted by at least one defined axis for the calibration.
- an image as obtained by the image sensor of the camera is inclined, that is inclined (rotated) by a certain angle, in particular around the optical axis.
- a partial image of an image supplied by the at least one camera is used for the calibration.
- the use of a field allows wide use of both X and Y offset as well as tilt and tilt (rotation) without losing edge information.
- the disparity table represents an odd number of columns relative to a vertical offset (Y offset).
- Y offset vertical offset
- the first column for example, the Y offset of an image or partial image is thus removed, namely the camera whose image information is electronically assigned to the image Calibration to be changed.
- the other columns namely in an odd number of further columns, the correspondence of the images or partial images compared in this way is represented, so that for each offset and each column there results a certain number of image matches.
- the offset column may look like having an offset of -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, and subsequently five columns in terms of
- Image information is provided. This results in each column for each offset (as can be seen from the first column) a certain number of image matches.
- the calibration is particularly preferably carried out by repeatedly passing through the disparity table with a different Y offset and / or different tilt and / or different inclination. Consequently, the disparity table is re-traversed with a different offset, whereby there is a different tilt and / or different inclination of the image or partial image of at least one of the cameras.
- the Y offset and / or the tilting and / or the inclination of one of the images / partial images is carried out according to a maximum in the disparity table correspondences (image matches). This means that a selection takes place in which column and at which offset a maximum occurs
- Image matches is present.
- the method is carried out iteratively, such that, for example, with an offset of 0 in column 3, a maximum of matches is found.
- a maximum match is found in column 4 and an offset of -2 in column 5.
- a maximum is found in column 2 and with an offset of +2 in column 1.
- the image of the camera of the multi-camera system to be calibrated must undergo a tilt relative to its optical axis
- a "tilt” so an electronic turning of this image, applied Go through offset settings to see if another TiIt is required or if an optimal match has been found.
- the right two cameras are calibrated. This allows a given, standardized procedure with simple calculation.
- the calibration of the left camera is possible, it is only relevant that the procedure is always carried out the same; the application to a camera is sufficient.
- a multi-camera system with at least two spaced-apart cameras with electronic image sensors, in particular for carrying out the method, as described above. It is provided that the multi-camera system for calibrating the cameras with respect to their optical axes to one another has a computing unit.
- the calibration of the cameras of multi-camera systems by means of the mechanical adjustment of at least one of the cameras is made relative to the other camera.
- the calibration does not take place via a mechanical adjustment, but via a computer unit.
- the arithmetic unit processes the image information obtained by the cameras of the multi-camera system.
- the optical axes and / or the mechanical arrangement of the cameras to each other before, during and after the calibration is unchanged.
- the multi-camera system is calibrated purely mathematically, without any change of the cameras relative to each other. This means that mechanical adjustment devices, in particular 3D tilters, as required in the prior art for calibration (namely for at least one of the cameras of the multi-camera system), are completely dispensable for the calibration.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a multi-camera system with two
- Figure 2 is a disparity table for calibration of the multi-camera system.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a multi-camera system 1, namely a
- the multi-camera system 1 has two cameras 5, which are spaced apart at a distance d, and each having an optical axis 6, in the detection direction of an arranged in the camera 5 electronic Image sensor 7 and perpendicular to this runs.
- the cameras 5 are connected via suitable electrical connections (not shown here) to a computing unit 8, which evaluates and further processes the image information obtained by the cameras 5, in particular for calibrating the multi-camera system 1.
- the optical axes 6 of the two cameras 5 of the multi-camera system 1 point in this case to each other, the orientation 9.
- the electrical image sensor 7 is shown with an image area 10 which corresponds to an image 11 obtained by the image sensor 7.
- FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, a method sequence for electronic calibration of the multi-camera system 1 described in FIG.
- This disparity table 15 has four columns 16, of which in the first column 16 point 1, a vertical offset (Y offset) of the sub-image 12 relative to the image 11 (respectively the image area 10th ) of the image sensor 7 is removed, and in the three other columns 16.2, 16.3 and 16.4, the number of correspondences found (image matches) of sub-images 12 of the two cameras 5; Consequently, there is a comparison of partial images 12 of the two cameras 5 for the purpose of calibration, whereby it is checked how large the number of matches of the two partial images 12 of the two cameras is in each case.
- the partial image 12 of each camera 5 is hereby divided into three vertical sections, the on
- Image matches are examined; Each of the three vertical sections corresponds to one of the columns 16.2, 16.3 or 16.4 of the disparity table 15.
- the matches are examined for every seven different offsets for every three vertical sections of the partial image 12 of the two cameras.
- blocks 17 are formed.
- offsets of + 29 to + 35 are removed.
- the numerical values shown in columns 16.2 to 16.4 are examples of the correspondences of both partial images 12 found in the respective vertical section of the partial image 12.
- the calibration of the multi-camera system 1 is here by purely electronic processing of the image information obtained by the cameras 5, namely the displacement of the sub-image 12 and its rotation about the optical axis 6, completed, without the position of the cameras 5 relative to each other and in particular their optical axes 6 relative to each other (in their orientation 9) would have to be changed.
- This allows, in particular, a fast online calibration and recalibration of the camera system 1 and makes expensive mechanical structures, which are also susceptible to mechanical effects of any kind, superfluous.
- the above-described disparity table 15 is created and managed in the described arithmetic unit 8; the arithmetic unit 8 ensures the corresponding processing of the acquired image information 13.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008040985.5A DE102008040985B4 (de) | 2008-08-05 | 2008-08-05 | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Mehrkamerasystems |
| PCT/EP2009/059204 WO2010015499A1 (de) | 2008-08-05 | 2009-07-17 | Mehrkamerasystem und verfahren zu dessen kalibrierung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2321619A1 true EP2321619A1 (de) | 2011-05-18 |
Family
ID=41218834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09780752A Withdrawn EP2321619A1 (de) | 2008-08-05 | 2009-07-17 | Mehrkamerasystem und verfahren zu dessen kalibrierung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110211046A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2321619A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102119317B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008040985B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010015499A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5304721B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-28 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社Jvcケンウッド | 立体映像撮像装置 |
| DE102010062496B4 (de) * | 2010-12-07 | 2022-01-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Bildinformationen zweier zur Bilderfassung geeigneter Sensoren eines Stereo-Sensor-Systems |
| KR101316433B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-10-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량 주변정보 제공 시스템 및 그 방법 |
| IL216515A (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2015-02-26 | Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd | A system and method for processing images from a camera set |
| DE102012001858A1 (de) | 2012-02-01 | 2012-09-27 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung mehrerer Bilderfassungseinheiten einer Bilderfassungsvorrichtung |
| US9013558B2 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2015-04-21 | Sony Corporation | System and method for alignment of stereo views |
| US10085001B2 (en) | 2014-03-21 | 2018-09-25 | Omron Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting and mitigating mechanical misalignments in an optical system |
| JP5906272B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-04-20 | 富士重工業株式会社 | 車両用ステレオ画像処理装置 |
| EP3197156A4 (de) * | 2014-07-28 | 2018-03-21 | Olympus Corporation | Steuerungsvorrichtung für stereoskopische betrachtungsvorrichtung, stereoskopisches betrachtungssystem und steuerungsverfahren für stereoskopische betrachtungsvorrichtung |
| FR3026591B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-10-21 | Continental Automotive France | Procede de calibration extrinseque de cameras d'un systeme de formation d'images stereos embarque |
| KR102258196B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-30 | 2021-05-28 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 차량 영상 보정 장치 및 차량 영상 보정 방법 |
| US10922559B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2021-02-16 | Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc | Automatic surround view homography matrix adjustment, and system and method for calibration thereof |
| US10187629B2 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2019-01-22 | Facebook, Inc. | Camera calibration system |
| US10210660B2 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2019-02-19 | Facebook, Inc. | Removing occlusion in camera views |
| US10339662B2 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2019-07-02 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Registering cameras with virtual fiducials |
| US10326979B2 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2019-06-18 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Imaging system comprising real-time image registration |
| US10027954B2 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2018-07-17 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Registering cameras in a multi-camera imager |
| EP3382646A1 (de) | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur bereitstellung von kalibrierungsdaten, kamerasystem und verfahren zum erhalten von kalibrierungsdaten |
| BR112019020579A2 (pt) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-05-19 | A^3 By Airbus, Llc | sistema e método para monitorar ameaças de colisão para um veículo |
| DE102017219688A1 (de) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-09 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung einer Fahrzeugkamera |
| DE102018205065A1 (de) | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Positionssensors in einem Fahrzeug, Computerprogramm, Speichermittel, Steuergerät und Kalibrierstrecke |
| CN110490939B (zh) * | 2019-08-08 | 2022-03-22 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 多摄像头标定方法、装置、存储介质及电子设备 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6671399B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2003-12-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Fast epipolar line adjustment of stereo pairs |
| KR100834637B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 스테레오 카메라 장치에서 이미지들을 정렬하기 위한 장치및 방법 |
| EP2132707A2 (de) * | 2006-12-18 | 2009-12-16 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Kalibrierung eines kamerasystems |
| US20080294012A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Kurtz Andrew F | Monitoring physiological conditions |
| DE102007050558A1 (de) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-05-15 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zur fortlaufenden Selbstkalibrierung einer Bildaufnahmevorrichtung |
| DE102008004370A1 (de) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bildjustageverfahren für ein Videobild |
-
2008
- 2008-08-05 DE DE102008040985.5A patent/DE102008040985B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-07-17 WO PCT/EP2009/059204 patent/WO2010015499A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-17 EP EP09780752A patent/EP2321619A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-07-17 CN CN2009801309880A patent/CN102119317B/zh active Active
- 2009-07-17 US US12/737,647 patent/US20110211046A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010015499A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102119317A (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
| DE102008040985A1 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
| US20110211046A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
| WO2010015499A1 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
| DE102008040985B4 (de) | 2021-05-27 |
| CN102119317B (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
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