Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
  • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
  • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
  • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for "in situ" - promotion of bitumen or heavy oil from oil sands deposits as a reservoir according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention also relates to the associated apparatus for performing the method.
• the object of the invention is to make the relevant parameters of the necessary electric power generators temporally and / or locally variable in the electric heating of the reservoir and to provide the possibility of these parameters from outside the reservoir for optimizing the delivery volume during the conveyance of the bitumen or heavy oil to change.
• the widest possible control options for the energization of the inductors are created, in particular, locally detected temperatures can be used as control variables.
• the temperatures in the reservoir can be distributed locally, for example at the individual inductors, but possibly also outside the reservoir, in the so-called overburden, ie in the mountain region above the reservoir, or in the underburden, ie in the mountain region below the reservoir become.
• the invention includes various possible combinations of individually energizable inductors and these assignable generators. In particular, the following measures are possible:
• the invention it is proposed to perform the energization of adjacent inductors temporally sequential and preferably to use spatially widely spaced forward and return conductors. Below, by way of example, the temporally sequential wiring of four inductor pairs is shown.
• the inductors, which serve as forward and return conductors, can be selected by means of individual switches.
• the energization of the Induktorschreibe can be done, for example, at equal time proportions. Due to the high heat capacities of the reservoir, large time intervals in the range of hours or days can be selected, provided that the thermal load capacity of the inductors is not exceeded.
• the time shares of the energization can be chosen differently for the individual inductor pairs and changed during different phases of the exploitation of the reservoir.
• thermally low-loaded inductors can preferably be energized or reservoir areas low temperature preferably heated.
• An inductor pair formation can be used to influence the heating power components in the overburden, reservoir and underburden.
• Wiring in close proximity to one another in space can be carried out by over-wiring on the generator and / or connection side in order to avoid or reduce the unwanted heating of the overburden.
• the effective resistance which represents the reservoir as secondary winding, is much higher for far-distant forward and return conductors than for closely adjacent conductors, whereby high heat outputs can be introduced into the reservoir with comparatively low currents in the inductor (primary winding).
• the capacitively compensated inductors are basically tuned to the respective operating frequency to manufacture. If the generators can deliver a small part of the total reactive power to be applied, or their compensation can be effected by capacitive or inductive circuits directly at the generator, uniform inductor designs tuned to a mean operating frequency can be used. Otherwise, using these external compensation circuits, inductors can be operated at slightly different frequencies, which is sufficient to avoid cancellation effects.
• the invention is based on the insight gained in detailed investigations that significant advantages over the prior art are realized with the measures indicated above. These are in particular:
• Re 1 The effective resistance of the inductive reservoir heater is significantly increased, for example by a factor of 4. This means that with the same current amplitude in the inductor, the heating power in the reservoir can have a four times higher value relative to a simultaneous energization.
• FEM finite element method
• Amplitude at a given frequency f1 Preferably, it is assumed that a frequency of 10 kHz, in principle, frequencies between 1 and 500 kHz are suitable.
• Re 2 In the example given under point 1, for example, four individual pairs of inductors (1/5), (2/6), (3/7) and (4/8) are each energized to a quarter (25%) of the time, This requires only one generator (inverter), which can supply the required current of the specified current amplitude (1350 A) with four times the active power, but without increasing the reactive power requirement. Thus, the same heating power would be introduced into the reservoir in the time average as with simultaneous energization according to point 1. This means that instead of four generators, each provide 1/4 of the desired heating power as active power and in addition a dependent on the inductor reactive power need only a generator with 4 times the active power needed without the reactive power demand increases.
• the heating power in Overburden, reservoir and underburden can be influenced by a current to the inductors within limits, which will be discussed below.
• Ad 9 Alternatively, it is proposed to simultaneously feed adjacent inductors with different frequencies. For example, the wiring of four inductor pairs possible with four generators of different frequency.
• Each generator feeds a pair of return conductors of the inductors, the individual conductors being spatially as far apart as possible.
• FIG. 1 shows a section of an oil sand deposit with a repeating unit as a reservoir and an electrical conductor structure running horizontally in the reservoir
• FIG. 2 shows the diagram of the wiring of four inductor pairs with temporally sequential energization
• Figure 3 shows the scheme of the wiring of four inductor pairs with simultaneous energization with separate generators, which may have different frequencies, the associated return conductors are spatially far apart and
• Figure 4 shows the scheme of the wiring of four inductor pairs with separate generators of different frequencies, the associated forward and return conductors are adjacent.
• Figure 1 shows a perspective view as a linear repeating array
• Figures 2 to 4 are respectively plan views, i. Horizontal sections in the Induktorbene seen from above, with the overlying mountains ("Overburden") is on both sides opposite.Equal elements in the figures have the same reference numerals . The figures are described below partially together.
• Heavy oils are significantly improved. This can be achieved by increasing the temperature of the reservoir (reservoir), which causes a decrease in the viscosity of the bitumen or heavy oil.
• FIG. 1 shows an arrangement for inductive heating.
• the conductors 10 and 20 are routed vertically or at a predetermined angle into holes through the overburden ("overburden") and are powered by an RF generator 60 which may be housed in an external housing.
• the conductors 10 and 20 extend at the same depth either side by side or one above the other. It may be useful to offset the ladder. Typical distances between the return and return conductors 10, 20 are 10 to 60 m with an outer diameter of the conductors of 10 to 50 cm (0.1 to 0.5 m).
• An electrical double line 10, 20 in Figure 1 with the aforementioned typical dimensions has a Lekssindukt foundedsbelag of 1.0 to 2.7 uH / m.
• the cross-capacitance coating is only 10 to 100 pF / m with the dimensions mentioned, so that the capacitive cross-currents can initially be neglected. At the same time wave effects should be avoided.
• the shaft speed is given by the capacitance and inductance of the conductor arrangement.
• FIG. 1 is due to the loop length and the wave propagation speed along the arrangement of the double line 10, 20.
• the loop length is therefore to be chosen so short that no disturbing wave effects result here.
• FIG. 2 shows how four inductor pairs can be switched with temporally sequential energization.
• 60 is again the high frequency power generator. whose outputs are applied to switching units 61, 61 '.
• the switching units 61, 61 'each have four different contacts, the switching unit 61 being connected to four inductors 1, 2, 3, 4 as a forward conductor and the switching unit 61' to four inductors 5, 6, 7, 8 as a return conductor.
• a switching clock 62 provides for switching or switching on the generator voltage to the individual lines 1 to 8.
• the individual inductors 1 to 8 are arranged according to FIG. 1 in the reservoir 100. There are areas 105 on both sides of the reservoir 100 which are not to be heated and phenomenologically represent the "overburden.” Furthermore, a connection 15 is connected to the ends of the inductors which connect the forward and return conductors
• Connection 15 can be arranged above or below ground.
• the switching clock 62 can be controlled by a separate control unit 63, which takes into account in particular the temperature T in the reservoir 100.
• temperature sensors not shown in FIG. 2, can be placed on the individual inductors or inductor lines in order to locally measure temperatures T 1 there and to conduct them to the control unit 63 for evaluation. In particular, it is thus possible to take into account excess temperatures at the inductors.
• FIG. 3 the arrangement according to FIG. 2 is modified such that four high-frequency power generators 60 ',
• 60 '', 60 '' 'and 60' '' 'are present which drive in pairs two of the inductors 1 to 8. Again, there is an overground or underground connection 15. With this arrangement, it is possible, in particular, to supply four inductor pairs with different current intensities at different frequencies at the same time.
• FIG. 3 An arrangement according to FIG. 3 can be modified such that different frequencies are also used.
• FIG. 4 in which in turn eight inductors 1 to 8 are arranged in the reservoir parallel to one another.
• two of the inductors 1 to 8 are driven by a separate generator 60 'to 60''''.
• those generators are selected which generate different predefinable frequencies.
• generator 60 ' has frequency fi, generator 60''frequency f 2 , generator 60''' frequency f 3, and generator 60 ''''' frequency f 4 .
• the low frequency electrical power i. 50-60Hz or possibly also as direct current, led down and could be a conversion into the kHz range underground, so that no losses occur in the overburden.
• the electrical parameters decisive for the heating of the reservoir can be preset variably in terms of time and / or location and can be changed from outside the reservoir to optimize the delivery volume during the conveyance of the bitumen.
• at least one generator is present, but preferably a plurality of generators, wherein its electrical parameters (I, f lr ⁇ ) are variable.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• General Induction Heating (AREA)
• Road Paving Machines (AREA)
• Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-08-29 DE DE102008044955A patent/DE102008044955A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2009
  • 2009-07-17 MX MX2011002135A patent/MX2011002135A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2009-07-17 EP EP09780765A patent/EP2321496A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-07-17 CA CA2735357A patent/CA2735357C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-07-17 CN CN200980142859.3A patent/CN102197191B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-07-17 US US13/060,840 patent/US8813835B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-07-17 WO PCT/EP2009/059218 patent/WO2010023035A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-07-17 BR BRPI0917926A patent/BRPI0917926A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-07-17 RU RU2011111733/03A patent/RU2505669C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-07-17 UA UAA201102190A patent/UA105366C2/ru unknown
  • 2009-07-17 AU AU2009286936A patent/AU2009286936B2/en not_active Ceased

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