EP2319140A1 - Machine électrique - Google Patents

Machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2319140A1
EP2319140A1 EP09781799A EP09781799A EP2319140A1 EP 2319140 A1 EP2319140 A1 EP 2319140A1 EP 09781799 A EP09781799 A EP 09781799A EP 09781799 A EP09781799 A EP 09781799A EP 2319140 A1 EP2319140 A1 EP 2319140A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brushes
brush
starting device
plus
minus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09781799A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Botzenhard
Michael Bayer
Sven Hartmann
Walter Gerschwitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2319140A1 publication Critical patent/EP2319140A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/10—Arrangements of brushes or commutators specially adapted for improving commutation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2048—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit said control involving a limitation, e.g. applying current or voltage limits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop

Definitions

  • Starters typically designed for short-term operation and normally suitable for 30- 60,000 switching cycles.
  • the current density In order to guarantee an ideal wear behavior for the carbon brushes, the current density must be sufficiently small.
  • the maximum current density in the starter is influenced by several effects. On the one hand is the design of the electric machine
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a starting device
  • Figure 2 is a schematic axial view of a system according to a first
  • Figure 3 is a schematic axial view of a system according to a second
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show cross sections through a respective plus and minus brush.
  • FIG. 6 shows a motor vehicle with a starting device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a starting device in a longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 1 shows a starting device 10.
  • This starting device 10 has, for example, a
  • the starter motor 13 and the engagement relay 16 are attached to a common drive bearing plate 19.
  • the starter motor 13 is functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is meshed in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine, not shown here.
  • the starter motor 13 has a pole tube as a housing 28, which carries permanent-magnetic poles 31 on its inner circumference.
  • the poles 31 in turn surround a rotor 37 (armature), which has a built-up of lamellae 40 armature package 43 and arranged in grooves 46 armature winding 49.
  • the armature package 43 is on a drive shaft 44th - -
  • a commutator 52 is further attached, the u.a. composed of individual commutator fins 55.
  • the commutator bars 55 are electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that when energized the commutator fins 55 by brushes 58, a rotational movement of the rotor 37 in the pole tube 28 results.
  • a arranged between the Einspurrelais 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplies in the on state, both the brushes 58 and the field winding 34 with power.
  • the drive shaft 44 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a commutator bearing cover 70.
  • the commutator 70 is in turn secured by means of tie rods 73 which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example, 2, 3 or 4 pieces) in the drive bearing plate 19. It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive bearing plate 19, and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.
  • a so-called sun gear 80 connects to the rotor 37, the
  • the sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planet wheels 86, usually three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of roller bearings 89 on journals 92.
  • the planet gears 86 roll in a ring gear 95, which is mounted outside in the pole tube 28.
  • the planet wheels 86 are adjoined by a planetary carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are accommodated.
  • the planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate storage 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged therein.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is designed cup-shaped, that in this both the planet carrier 98, and the planet wheels 86 are added.
  • the ring gear 95 is arranged, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the rotor 37.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28.
  • the rotor 37 has on the end facing away from the commutator 52 end of the drive shaft 44 has a further shaft journal 110, which is also received in a sliding bearing 113, from.
  • the sliding bearing 113 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98.
  • the planetary carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 116.
  • This output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122 which is fixed in the drive bearing plate 19.
  • the output shaft 116 is divided into different sections.
  • the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101 follows a section with a so-called spur 125
  • This shaft-hub connection 128 allows the axially rectilinear sliding of a driver 131.
  • This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integral with a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137.
  • This freewheel 137 (Directional locking) further consists of the inner ring 140, which is arranged radially within the outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged. These clamp bodies 138, in cooperation with the inner and outer rings, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction.
  • the clamp bodies 138 in cooperation with the inner and outer rings, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction.
  • Freewheel 137 allows a relative movement between inner ring 140 and outer ring 132 in one direction only.
  • the inner ring 140 is formed integrally with the starter pinion 22 and its helical teeth 143 (external helical teeth).
  • the push-in relay 16 has a bolt 150, which is an electrical contact and which is connected to the positive pole of an electric starter battery, which is not shown here.
  • This bolt 150 is passed through a relay cover 153.
  • This relay cover 153 terminates a relay housing 156, which by means of several
  • Fasteners 159 is attached to the drive end plate 19.
  • a pull-in winding 162 and a so-called holding winding 165 is further arranged.
  • the pull-in winding 162 and the holding winding 165 each cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through both the relay housing 156 (made of electromagnetically conductive material), a linearly movable armature 168 and an armature return 171.
  • the armature 168 carries a push rod 174, which is moved in the direction of linear retraction of the armature 168 in the direction of a switching pin 177.
  • the engagement relay 16 or the armature 168 also has the task, with a tension member 187 to move the drive bearing plate 19 rotatably arranged lever.
  • This lever 190 usually designed as a fork lever, surrounds with two "tines" not shown here on its outer circumference two discs 193 and 194 to move a trapped between these driver ring 197 to the freewheel 137 back against the resistance of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 technicallyspuren in the ring gear 25.
  • the rotor 37 can be supplied with current by means of the commutator 52 and the brushes 58.
  • the brushes 58 are at least two plus brushes 250 and at least two minus brushes 253.
  • the current density is a quotient of the current flowing through the brushes 58 electrical current I B and a cross section Q B of a brush 58 is.
  • the brush 58 is either a minus or plus brush, the current density in the event of a short circuit being less than 4.0A / mm 2 (amperes per square millimeter).
  • the short circuit case is determined by the just after turning on the starter 10 just not yet rotating rotor 37. At this time, the maximum current I B flows through the brush.
  • the short-circuit case is the worst case for the brushes 58 when the maximum allowable starter battery 260 (see also FIG. 6) is selected as the power supply with the lowest resistance of the supply and return lines 263, 264.
  • a brush 58 (whether plus brush 250 or minus brush 253) has a tangential width B and an axial length L, wherein a quotient of L / B is greater than or equal to 4, preferably at most 5, maximum to 5.5.
  • the axial length L is oriented in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a system with three plus brushes 250 and three minus brushes 253.
  • the plus brushes 250 have a cross section Q which is oriented perpendicular to the current flow direction and that the minus brushes 253 have a cross section Q oriented perpendicular to the current flow direction, wherein the cross section Q of the plus brushes 250 is a different size Cross-section Q of the minus brush 253 has.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show the cross sections Q of the plus brushes 250 and minus brushes 253.
  • a starter battery 260 is provided as a power supply, to which the starting device 10 is connected.
  • the starter battery here has a rest voltage of 12V.
  • an electrical resistance R of the supply and return lines 263, 264 between the power supply and the starting device 10 in about lmOhm (milliohms) has. - -
  • an internal electrical resistance R 1 of the power supply of about 3.7mOm is provided; this value can be achieved, for example, by means of a conventional lead-acid battery (starter battery 260) with a capacity of 90 Ah. It should accordingly in a structure of a starting device 10 (rated power of at least 2.0 kW), a supply and return line 263, 264 between the power supply (starter battery 260) and the starting device 10 with a resistance of about lmOhm (Milliohm) a Current density in the short circuit case of less than 4.0 A / mm 2 can be achieved.
  • an internal electrical resistance R 1 of the power supply of approximately 4.5mOm is provided; this value can be achieved, for example, by means of a conventional lead-acid battery (starter battery 260) with a capacity of 53Ah and a cold test current of 470A. It should accordingly in a structure of a
  • Starting device 10 (rated power of less than 2.0 kW), a supply and return line 263, 264 between the power supply (starter battery 260) and the starting device 10 with a resistance of about lmOhm (milliohms) a short-circuit current density of less than 4 , 0 A / mm 2 can be achieved.
  • the commutator 52 rotating within the plus and minus brushes has an outer circumference of at most 2 * PI * 16.5mm, preferably 2 * PI * 15mm (PI is a circle number).
  • the starting device 10 is operated in a start / stop operating method, wherein the starting device 10 is arranged in a vehicle 300 having a start / stop mode of operation.
  • a start / stop mode shuts off an engine 303 on occasions when no drive is required for the vehicle 300. This will u. a. detected by sensors. For example, before “stop” signaling traffic lights or in so-called stop-and-go situations (traffic jam).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de démarrage comprenant un moteur de démarreur. Selon l'invention, le moteur de démarreur présente un rotor qui peut être alimenté électriquement au moyen d'un collecteur et des balais, les balais sont au moins deux balais positifs et deux balais négatifs et un court-circuit dans les balais produit à chaque fois une densité de courant. La densité de courant est le quotient d'un courant électrique et d'une section transversale d'un balai, le balai est soit un balai positif soit un balai négatif et la densité de courant en cas de court-circuit est inférieure à 4,0 A/mm2.
EP09781799A 2008-08-29 2009-08-13 Machine électrique Withdrawn EP2319140A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810041688 DE102008041688A1 (de) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2009/060492 WO2010023107A1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2009-08-13 Machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2319140A1 true EP2319140A1 (fr) 2011-05-11

Family

ID=41466810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09781799A Withdrawn EP2319140A1 (fr) 2008-08-29 2009-08-13 Machine électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2319140A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102204035A (fr)
DE (1) DE102008041688A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010023107A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102709772B (zh) * 2012-04-26 2014-09-10 锦州汉拿电机有限公司 起动机用碳刷架总成及其装配方法
MX2016009557A (es) * 2015-06-02 2017-10-04 Schunk Hoffmann Carbon Tech Ag Maquina electrica con el cepillo y el colector que tiene una distribucion especifica de conductividad electrica para la supresion de chispas.
FR3047618B1 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2018-03-09 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Demarreur de vehicule automobile muni de sorties de bobines connectees sur un pont de connexion electrique par soudure a ultrasons

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428162A (en) * 1943-11-06 1947-09-30 Electrical Engineering And Mfg End bell for electrical machines
US4221046A (en) * 1977-03-07 1980-09-09 Eltra Corporation Method for assembling a brush cage
DE3225939A1 (de) * 1982-07-10 1984-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Buerstenhaltevorrichtung fuer elektrische maschinen
JPH062455Y2 (ja) * 1989-04-25 1994-01-19 株式会社三ツ葉電機製作所 六極四刷子式直流電動機の刷子配置構造
JP3914804B2 (ja) * 2002-04-04 2007-05-16 トライス株式会社 金属黒鉛質ブラシ及びその製造方法
JP2004096836A (ja) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-25 Mitsuba Corp 回転電機
GB0303752D0 (en) * 2003-02-18 2003-03-26 Morgan Crucible Co Composite electrical brush construction

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2010023107A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102204035A (zh) 2011-09-28
DE102008041688A1 (de) 2010-03-04
WO2010023107A1 (fr) 2010-03-04

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