EP2317012B1 - Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire - Google Patents

Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2317012B1
EP2317012B1 EP20090174248 EP09174248A EP2317012B1 EP 2317012 B1 EP2317012 B1 EP 2317012B1 EP 20090174248 EP20090174248 EP 20090174248 EP 09174248 A EP09174248 A EP 09174248A EP 2317012 B1 EP2317012 B1 EP 2317012B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seawall
wall
shore construction
water
vessels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20090174248
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2317012A1 (fr
Inventor
Bart Peter Verboomen
Gusta Louis Dens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
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Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
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Priority to EP20090174248 priority Critical patent/EP2317012B1/fr
Publication of EP2317012A1 publication Critical patent/EP2317012A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2317012B1 publication Critical patent/EP2317012B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a new and inventive off-shore construction for harboring vessels and the like, according to the preamble of claim 1, and optionally for generating power such as electricity from the movement of the sea such as tide.
  • the invention further relates to the use of such an off-shore construction for the salvage of vessels in distress, in particular oil containing vessels, for the treatment of oil to reduce its harm for the environment, and for the temporary storage of people and means for a windmill park.
  • US 2002/0131823 discloses an off-shore construction in the form of a circular artificial atoll.
  • the atoll is equipped with an entrance in the form of an inflow pipe, one end of which is connected to deep water, and an outflow pipe connected to a tidal irrigation and electrical system.
  • the disclosed construction harnesses the power of the tide to generate electricity. It is clear that the inflow pipe cannot provide access to a seaworthy vessel, and the artificial atoll of US 2002/0131823 cannot serve as a refuge for vessels in distress.
  • DE 43 03 977 A1 discloses an artificial atoll made from blocks that are obtained by carbonizing garbage waste.
  • the block contain pores and are lighter than water.
  • a circular atoll is made from the blocks and the atoll has a door-shaped entrance for small ships. The atoll is used to create a calm lagoon for flora and fauna.
  • US 2,044,795 represents the closest prior art and discloses an off-shore construction for harboring vessels and the like.
  • the construction comprises a seawall in the form of a number of linked floating barrier units provided with a comb to break the waves of upcoming water, thereby providing calm waters within the circumference of the seawall.
  • the construction is used as a landing spot for sea-boats, amphibian and similar aircraft, and as a save anchorage location for storm driven vessels. Due to the very use of combs, waves are braking over the seawall and the seawall of US 2,044,795 therefore does not prevent the inflow of an outer mass of seawater, except for an entrance for a seaworthy vessel in connection with the sea.
  • the invention thereto provides an off-shore construction for harboring vessels and the like, the construction comprising a seawall, shaped such that it partly encloses an inner mass of water for receiving at least one seaworthy vessel, and prevents the inflow of an outer mass of seawater, except for an entrance for a seaworthy vessel in connection with the sea, wherein the construction comprises an inner wall extending substantially within the perimeter of the seawall and shaped such that it partly encloses a part of the inner mass of water, except for an inlet in connection with the entrance, and wherein the inlet for a seaworthy vessel of the inner wall and/or the entrance of the seawall comprise a closing means for temporarily damming off the mass of water enclosed by the inner wall and/or the seawall.
  • the construction is useful in harboring vessels in distress at sea, and provides a site that is shielded from the sea waves, which among others allows to carry out repair work for instance.
  • the present invention provides an off-shore construction comprising an inner wall extending substantially within the perimeter of the seawall and shaped such that it partly encloses a part of the inner mass of water, except for an inlet in connection with the entrance.
  • an off-shore construction allows to temporarily store vessels and goods that preferably have to be divided off from the environment, for instance because they risk to contaminate the environment.
  • an off-shore construction wherein the inlet of the inner wall and/or the entrance of the seawall comprise a closing means for temporarily damming off the mass of water enclosed by the inner wall.
  • a closing means for temporarily damming off the mass of water enclosed by the inner wall.
  • Such an off-shore construction is particularly useful for oil leaking vessels for instance, since such vessels may then be stored inside said part of the inner mass of water (the part enclosed by the inner wall) causing contamination of this part only when closing the closing means.
  • the closing means may for instance comprise a curtain out of substantially oil-impermeable material, such as cloth or steel.
  • the off-shore construction according to the invention is further provided with inner wall closing means and/or seawall closing means, preferably comprising a plurality of caissons, that may be sunken down or remain floating.
  • the off-shore construction comprises a mass of water between the inner facing side of the seawall and the outer facing side of the inner wall.
  • Such mass of water acts as a buffer between the sea outside of the off-shore construction and the mass of water enclosed by the inner wall, and therefore reduces the risk of contamination of the seawater. It may also be used to moor vessels that do not represent a substantial risk for contamination.
  • the off-shore construction further comprises beaches, preferably of gravel, for bringing vessels to land.
  • the beaches are preferably situated within the perimeter of the inner wall.
  • the beaches are temporarily flooded by a raised water level, and reclaimed by a lower water level.
  • This embodiment therefore allows to conveniently moor a vessel onto a beach by bringing it above said beach, at a water level whereby said beach is (partly) flooded, and then moor the vessel onto said beach when the water level is low enough to at least partly reclaim said beach.
  • the off-shore construction in accordance with the invention incorporates an entrance of the seawall, comprising a seawall closing means for temporarily damming off the mass of water enclosed by the seawall.
  • a seawall closing means for temporarily damming off the mass of water enclosed by the seawall.
  • This embodiment allows to willfully lower or raise the mean water level within the off-shore construction, which is useful when carrying out the mooring method on a beach, as described above.
  • the seawall closing means may for instance comprise openings to let water out or in, depending on the difference in water level between the sea and the water within the off shore construction, in particular the seawall thereof. It is also possible to provide the off-shore construction with pumping means to be able to actively bring in water or, alternatively, pump water out into the surrounding sea.
  • the seawall closing means comprise openings, provided with at least one tide-turbine.
  • Electrical energy can for instance be generated by letting water in inside the seawall at high tide, and by letting water flow out through the turbines in the openings at low tide.
  • the turbine are known per se and comprise a generator to produce electricity.
  • a turbine is defined as a device that is able to converse the hydraulic energy of a fluid (a liquid or a gas) into mechanical energy by means of a rotor, i.e. a rotating assembly of blades. The mechanical energy thus produced can be used to drive another machine, or to drive an electrical generator.
  • the turbines are typically provided with a casing around the rotor.
  • a hydraulic turbine uses the flow energy of a water mass between two positions differing in height.
  • a generator is a device that can converse mechanical energy, as produced by a rotating shaft, into electrical energy. The conversion is brought about by the movement (rotation) of an electrical conductor through a magnetic field, thereby generating an electrical tension in the conductor. This tension causes an electrical current to flow in a closed circuit.
  • a preferred embodiment of the off-shore construction according to the invention is characterized in that the turbines are adapted to pump water from the inner mass of water to the outer mass of water, or vice versa. In this way, the water level of the inner mass of water can be regulated at will.
  • the energy required to pump the water out of the inner mass of water may be provided by the energy, generated by the turbines.
  • a closing means of an off-shore construction according to the invention may for instance have the dimensions of a typical outlet sluice, and may for instance comprise eighty turbines and more.
  • the closing means of the seawall comprise 4 turbines in 20 outlet openings, each turbine having a rotor diameter of about 2 m.
  • the amount of electrical energy that may be produced in such a configuration may be enough to at least partly operate an off-shore construction according to the invention without having to supply additional energy.
  • the amount of turbines is preferably chosen such that a difference in water level inside and outside of the seawall remains more or less constant.
  • the inner wall and/or seawall of the off-shore construction according to the invention may have any shape, as long as the shape is such that an inner mass of water for receiving at least one seaworthy vessel can be enclosed, and that the inflow of an outer mass of seawater is substantially prevented, except for an entrance in connection with the sea.
  • a particularly useful off-shore construction has the inner wall and/or the seawall substantially shaped as a horseshoe. The curved semi-circular shape helps in reflecting the wave energy back towards the sea, and may slow down erosion of the base of the seawall.
  • the inner wall and in particular the seawall closing means preferably comprise at least one, and preferably an inner and an outer embankment.
  • the outer embankment may be used to moor vessels and the like at the outer side of the closing means, in particular when these closing means are in their closed position.
  • the embankments may comprise turbines.
  • the inner embankment may also be used as a substantially tide-unaffected mooring place for vessels inside the off-shore construction.
  • the off-shore construction according to the invention is characterized in that the seawall and/or the inner wall comprise a core of quarry run, applied onto the bottom of the sea or onto a suitable foundation of sand or otherwise, and provided with a protective layer of stones, concrete blocks, fibrous open stone asphalt, and/or fibrous dense stone asphalt.
  • a particularly useful protective layer comprises fibrous open stone asphalt and/or fibrous dense stone asphalt.
  • the above described embodiments of the off-shore construction are preferably used for the salvage of vessels in distress, in particular oil containing vessels, for treating oil to reduce its harm for the environment, and for the temporary storage of people and means for a windmill park.
  • a particularly preferred use includes generating power such as electricity from the movement of the sea such as tide.
  • an off-shore construction 1 is shown.
  • the off-shore construction 1 is typically used for harboring vessels 10, in particular oil containing vessels, but may also be used for other purposes, such as to temporarily store materials and/or equipment.
  • construction 1 comprises a substantially semi-circular seawall 2.
  • Seawall 2 may be constructed from a variety of materials, such as reinforced concrete, boulders, steel, gabions (cages, cylinders, or boxes filled with soil or sand) according to well known practices, or may be constructed by dumping large amounts of sand, gravel and the like to create a dike or dam.
  • the seawall 2 actually comprises a first foundation part 2a, made by dumping soil material, such as sand and/or gravel, and a second part 2b on top of the first part 2a, which second part 2b is made of reinforced concrete.
  • the seawall 2 may comprise a core of quarry run, applied onto the bottom of the sea or onto a suitable foundation of sand or otherwise, and provided with a protective layer of stones, concrete blocks, fibrous open stone asphalt, and/or fibrous dense stone asphalt.
  • Such a seawall 2 is partly porous and dissipates the energy of the incoming waves.
  • the term seawall in the context of this application is thus not limited to hard concrete structures but also refers to earthen banks and the like.
  • Seawall 2 is semi-circular, and in particular shaped as a horseshoe. This shape allows the seawall 2 to at least partly enclose an inner mass of water 3, which is large enough to receive at least one seaworthy vessel 10. Seawall 2 substantially prevents the inflow of an outer mass of seawater 4, except for an entrance 5 in connection with the seawater mass 4 to enable vessels 10 to enter inner water mass 3.
  • the term 'inner' in the context of the present application refers to any object lying within the perimeter of seawall 2, while the term 'outer' refers to any object lying outside the perimeter of the seawall 2.
  • the curved semi-circular shape of the seawall 2 helps in reflecting the wave energy back out to the mass of seawater 4, and slows down erosion of the base of the seawall 2.
  • the embodiment of the off-shore construction 1 shown in figure 1 further comprises an inner wall 6 that substantially extends within the perimeter of the seawall 2 and has about the same horseshoe shape as the seawall 2. This need not be so as long as, in particular, inner wall 6 is shaped such that it partly encloses a part 3a of the inner mass of water 3, except for an inlet 7. A part 3b of the inner mass of water 3 lies outside of the perimeter of inner wall 6.
  • Inlet 7 enables vessels 10 and other objects to enter part 3a of the inner water mass 3. Since vessels 10 and other objects enter the seawall 2 through entrance 5, the inlet 7 and the entrance 5 should be connected in the sense that vessels 10 and other objects can be brought from entrance 5 to inlet 7.
  • the size of the inner wall is preferably large enough to at least harbor one vessel and a number of salvage vessels, which should have sufficient room to maneuver around the vessel.
  • the inlet 7 of the inner wall 6 of off-shore construction 1 is provided with a closing means 8 for temporarily damming off the mass of water 3a, enclosed by inner wall 6.
  • Closing means 8 may comprise a flexible curtain of cloth for instance, of may comprise a 'harmonic' type curtain of a number of metal elements. It is also possible to use concrete or even wooden structures such as doors.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific type of closing means 8. It is preferred however that the closing means 8 are substantially oil proof. When a vessel 10 that is leaking a mass of oil 11, is brought into the water mass 3a, this mass of water can be closed off from the surrounding water by closing the closing means 8, as shown in figure 1 . Flow of the oil mass 11 to sea 4, or to other areas of the off-shore construction 1 is hereby substantially prevented.
  • the off-shore construction 1 may comprise a mass of water 9 between the inner facing side 2c of the seawall 2, and the outer facing side 6a of the inner wall 6. Such water mass 9 can be used to (temporarily) moor vessels or other material that need not be contained within the area 3a of inner wall 6.
  • the off-shore construction 1 shown in figure 1 further comprises gravel beaches 12 for bringing vessels 10 to land temporarily, in order to repair or service these vessels. Beaches 12 are situated within the perimeter of the inner wall 6 to be able to contain moored vessels 10 from the environment.
  • the beaches 12 can readily be flooded and or reclaimed by raising or lowering the water level inside the seawall 2.
  • the seawall 2 is provided with closing means 13, such as doors or a sluice.
  • Closing means 13 comprise closable openings (not shown) to let water out or in, depending on the difference in water level between the sea 4 and the water 3 within the off-shore construction 1. It is also possible to provide the off-shore construction 1 with pumping means (not shown) to be able to actively bring in water or, alternatively, pump water out into the surrounding sea 4.
  • the closable openings of seawall closing means 13 are provided with turbines to generate electricity.
  • the inner wall closing means 8 and/or the seawall closing means 13 may comprise an assembly of a number of caissons (or one caisson in case the inlet 7 or entrance 5 is small enough to be able to substantially cover them by one caisson).
  • a caisson may be sunken down or may be floating. The use of caissons is particularly favorable when the inlet 7 or entrance 5 are large. In case the caissons are sunken down, they may be provided with a plurality of turbines as described above. In case the caissons remain floating, they form a very suitable closing means 8 to protect against oil leakage.
  • the turbines present in the closable openings of the seawall closing means 13 are preferably adapted to generate energy in two directions. For instance, by closing the off-shore construction 1 through shutting closing means 13 for a period of time, and waiting until the water level inside the seawall 2 is higher than the water level outside the seawall 2, electricity is generated by opening the seawall openings so that the ensuing water flow through the openings activates the turbines.
  • energy can also be generated when the water level outside the seawall 2 is actually higher than the water level inside the seawall 2.
  • the amount of turbines is preferably chosen such that a difference in water level inside and outside of the seawall 2 remains more or less constant, say 2 m or any other difference in water level. For instance, if the tide rises (lowers) about 1 m per hour, the amount of turbines (or the amount of openings in the closing means 13) should be chosen such that a volume of water flows in (or out of) the off-shore construction corresponding to a water level variation of 1m per hour.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Construction en mer (1) pour abriter des bâtiments (10) et analogues, la construction comprenant une digue de mer (2) configurée de telle sorte qu'elle entoure partiellement une masse interne d'eau (3) pour recevoir au moins un bâtiment apte à naviguer (10), caractérisée en ce que la digue de mer est configurée de telle sorte qu'elle empêche l'entrée d'une masse extérieure d'eau de mer (4), à l'exception d'une entrée (5) pour le bâtiment apte à naviguer communiquant avec la mer, étant entendu que la construction (1) comprend un mur intérieur (6) s'étendant sensiblement à l'intérieur du périmètre de la digue de mer (2) et configuré de telle sorte qu'il entoure partiellement une partie (3a) de la masse interne d'eau (3), à l'exception d'une entrée (7) communiquant avec l'entrée (5), et étant entendu que l'entrée (7) pour un bâtiment apte à naviguer (10) du mur intérieur (6) et/ou l'entrée (5) de la digue de mer (2) comprennent un moyen de fermeture (8) pour isoler temporairement la masse d'eau (3a) entourée par le mur intérieur (6) et/ou la digue de mer (2).
  2. Construction en mer selon la revendication 1, comprenant une masse d'eau (9) entre le côté interne (2c) de la digue de mer (2) et le côté externe (6a) du mur intérieur (6).
  3. Construction en mer selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant des plages (12), de préférence en gravier, pour amener des bâtiments (10) à terre.
  4. Construction en mer selon la revendication 3, les plages (12) étant situées à l'intérieur du périmètre du mur intérieur (6).
  5. Construction en mer selon l'une quelconque des revendications, étant entendu que le mur intérieur (6) et/ou la digue de mer (2) sont sensiblement configurés en fer à cheval.
  6. Construction en mer selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, étant entendu que la digue de mer (2) et/ou le mur intérieur (6) comprennent un noyau de tout-venant, posé sur le fond de la mer ou sur des fondations adéquates en sable ou en un autre matériau, et pourvu d'une couche protectrice de pierres, de blocs de béton, d'enrobé poreux fibré et/ou d'enrobé dense fibré.
  7. Construction en mer selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 6, étant entendu que le moyen de fermeture (8) du mur intérieur et/ou le moyen de fermeture (13) de la digue de mer comprennent une pluralité de caissons.
  8. Construction en mer selon la revendication 7, étant entendu que le moyen de fermeture (8) du mur intérieur et/ou le moyen de fermeture (13) de la digue de mer comprennent des ouvertures, pourvues d'au moins une turbine marémotrice.
  9. Utilisation d'une construction en mer (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-8 pour le sauvetage de bâtiments en détresse, en particulier de bâtiments contenant du pétrole.
  10. Utilisation selon la revendication 9, étant entendu que le pétrole est traité dans la construction en mer (1) pour réduire ses effets nocifs pour l'environnement.
  11. Utilisation d'une construction en mer (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-8 pour l'accueil temporaire de personnes et de moyens destinés à un parc à éoliennes.
EP20090174248 2009-10-27 2009-10-27 Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire Not-in-force EP2317012B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090174248 EP2317012B1 (fr) 2009-10-27 2009-10-27 Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090174248 EP2317012B1 (fr) 2009-10-27 2009-10-27 Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2317012A1 EP2317012A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
EP2317012B1 true EP2317012B1 (fr) 2012-10-24

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EP20090174248 Not-in-force EP2317012B1 (fr) 2009-10-27 2009-10-27 Construction en mer pour arrimer des navires et similaire

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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2044795A (en) 1934-02-12 1936-06-23 Herbert M Knight Harbor
DE2732134A1 (de) * 1977-07-15 1979-01-25 Heilmann & Littmann Bau Ag Verfahren zum einbringen von filter-, erosions- oder daemmungseinlagen in einen damm
BE1001971A6 (nl) 1988-05-19 1990-04-24 Bitumar Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een waterdoorlatende bitumensamenstelling met open structuur en aldus bekomen waterdoorlatende bitumensamenstelling.
JPH03221608A (ja) * 1990-01-24 1991-09-30 Kaiyo Kensetsu Kk 海中に設置する壁堤構造物及びそれを用いた人工環礁
DE4303977A1 (de) 1993-02-08 1994-08-11 Peter Dipl Ing Guhlmann Schwimmkörper
US20020131823A1 (en) 2001-03-19 2002-09-19 Martin Sherman Tidal irrigation and electrical system (TIES)

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