EP2315652B1 - Procédé de fabrication de panneaux isolants en fibres de bois - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de panneaux isolants en fibres de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2315652B1
EP2315652B1 EP09777887A EP09777887A EP2315652B1 EP 2315652 B1 EP2315652 B1 EP 2315652B1 EP 09777887 A EP09777887 A EP 09777887A EP 09777887 A EP09777887 A EP 09777887A EP 2315652 B1 EP2315652 B1 EP 2315652B1
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Prior art keywords
component
steam
fibre mat
fibres
mat
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EP09777887A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2315652A1 (fr
Inventor
Karsten Lempfer
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Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL09777887T priority Critical patent/PL2315652T3/pl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing wood fiber insulation boards, wherein wood fibers are mixed with thermoplastic synthetic fibers as a binder and from a fiber mat is produced, being used as plastic fibers Mehrkomponentenfasem having at least a first and a second component with different melting points, said Fiber mat is heated so that the second component of the plastic fibers softens and wherein the fiber mat is cooled to produce the insulating board.
  • thermosetting binders eg. As isocyanates have been used in the in the WO 02/22331 A1 described method used as a binder bicomponent Kunststofffasem which mixed with the wood fibers and z. B. are scattered by means of a mechanical scattering head to a mat. This mat is pressed and activated with hot air. Subsequently, a cooling takes place.
  • thermosetting binders such products have a high level of flexibility, which is required, for example, when used as an intermediate rafter insulation to compensate building tolerances.
  • the starting material is first cut to a raw material and / or defibered, glued and dried before or after gluing.
  • a nonwoven fabric is formed by scattering, wherein this nonwoven fabric is subjected to the following treatment steps in succession in a continuous flow process: first, the nonwoven fabric is compacted to the desired plate thickness and held thereon by the subsequent treatment steps; In the second treatment step, a vapor-air mixture is introduced into the compacted nonwoven over a period of 10 to 20 seconds, avoiding precuring of the binder, and then a hot air stream is passed through the compacted nonwoven in the third treatment step for curing and drying.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method by which can be economically produced in a simple and cost-effective way flexible wood fiber insulation boards of high quality.
  • a vapor-air mixture is used.
  • multi-component plastic fibers are used whose first component has a melting point T1> 95 ° C and the second component has a melting point T2 ⁇ 95 ° C.
  • steam is preferably water vapor, for. B. within a water vapor-air mixture or possibly also used as (pure) water vapor.
  • the drying temperature of the steam or steam-air mixture can be z. B. 110 to 150 ° C, preferably 110 ° C to 130 ° C.
  • the invention is initially based on the (known) recognition that flexible insulation boards, which can be used, for example, as heat and / or Kältedämmplatten and / or as sound insulation panels, can be prepared by using as a binder multi-component plastic fibers, eg. B. two-component plastic fibers are used.
  • a binder multi-component plastic fibers eg. B. two-component plastic fibers are used.
  • one component eg, the outer component
  • the other component eg, inner component
  • a high elasticity or flexibility of the plate is achieved by the embedded plastic fibers.
  • the Kunststofffasem thus fulfill a dual function, because they provide on the one hand as a binder for the composite and on the other hand, they ensure the elasticity and flexibility of the plate.
  • TP 100 ° C.
  • This condensation enables a very rapid heat input in comparison to conventional hot air heating. This in turn allows a short heat treatment time and consequently a short construction of the required one in a continuous process Heating device.
  • This approach is made possible in the production of the insulating panels described in that multi-component plastic fibers are used as binders whose first component has a melting point T1 above the dew point of the vapor-air mixture and the second components has a melting point T2 below the dew point of the vapor-air mixture.
  • a plastic with a relatively low melting point or softening point of less than 100 ° C, preferably less than 95 ° C is used.
  • This multi-component plastic fibers z. B. bicomponent fibers, are used with a core-shell structure, wherein the first component forms the core and the second component of the jacket.
  • multi-component plastic fibers for. B. Zweikomponentenfasem be used with a side-by-side structure.
  • the core for. B. the core, z.
  • polyester or polypropylene can be used.
  • the second component eg. B. the jacket can z.
  • co-polyester or polyamide used for the first and / or second component, so that (completely) biodegradable fibers are used.
  • the first component may, for. B. consist of biodegradable polyester.
  • the first component may, for. B. also consist of polylactide.
  • the second component may, for. B. consist of polycaprolactone.
  • the fiber mat is flowed through after the heating to cool cooling air at a temperature of less than 40 ° C, preferably less than 30 ° C. After the melting of the bicomponent fibers, these are consequently cooled as far as that the softening temperature is safely exceeded.
  • the fiber mat is compacted prior to heating to substantially the desired density of the finished plate, preferably at relatively low temperatures of less than 40 ° C. It is therefore expedient if the fiber mat produced is first vented and compressed mechanically to the desired plate thickness, and immediately thereafter a vapor-air mixture with a predetermined temperature and defined dew point is sucked through the mat. The vapor condenses on the cold fibers, transferring the heat required to melt the jacket. After melting, the cooling described is carried out, wherein no further appreciable compression of the mat takes place during heating and cooling according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the described treatment processes take place in a compaction and calibration unit equipped with two circulating screen belts.
  • the fiber mat is thus heated in such a compacting and calibrating unit in which the fiber mat is passed between endlessly circulating sieve belts.
  • the compression and calibration unit consequently has a first compression zone in which the fiber mat is compacted, for. B. on the desired density of the finished plate.
  • the Bedampfungszone in which the mat flows through the steam or preferably the vapor-air mixture and thus heated.
  • a cooling zone in which the mat is flowed through for cooling with cold air. It is therefore expedient if the mat is first introduced into the calibration unit with compression at a tapering gap. After the compaction zone, the mat passes through the press between the screen belts at substantially "parallel gap" and consequently without further compaction. The Cooling of the mat by the cold air is supported by the fact that the moisture absorbed by the condensation by heating is evaporated again.
  • the fiber mat is already pre-compacted in one of the compression and calibration unit upstream (separate) pre-press and optionally trimmed afterwards.
  • the proportion by weight of the plastic fibers based on the total weight of the fiber mat according to a further proposal of the invention is 5% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, z. 7% to 12%.
  • the density of the finished plate is within the scope of the invention 30 to 200 kg / m3, preferably 40 to 100 kg / m3.
  • the insulation boards produced in the context of the invention have high quality and are sufficiently flexible, so that they are particularly suitable for intermediate rafter insulation.
  • FIGURE shows a plant for the production of wood fiber insulation boards according to the inventive method.
  • Essential components of such a system are a mixing device 1 for mixing the wood fibers H and the thermoplastic resin fibers K, a spreader 2 for producing a fiber mat and a compacting and calibrating unit 3. More specifically, the following procedure can be adopted:
  • Starting components for the production of wood fiber insulation boards are on the one hand wood fibers H and on the other hand multi-component plastic fibers K, which are prepared in a conventional manner and fed to a mixing device 1.
  • the fiber mixture enters a grit bunker 4.
  • the fiber mixture is mechanically discharged by means of a spreader 2 and to form a Fiber mat sprinkled on a conveyor belt 5.
  • the scattering device 2 can in a conventional manner as a scattering head, z. B. Walzenstreukopf be formed.
  • a balance 6, z. B. belt scale which continuously determines the mat weight.
  • suction may be provided at one or more points in the area of the spreader 2.
  • the fiber mat On the conveyor belt 5, the fiber mat is first (optionally) vented in a pre-press 7 cold and pre-compressed. Subsequently, the mat edges can be trimmed in a trimming device 8. The separated material is pneumatically fed back into the grit bunker 4 and / or the spreader 2.
  • the optionally precompressed and deaerated fiber mat is then transferred via a retractable transfer nose 9 to the compression and calibration unit 3.
  • a retractable transfer nose 9 to the compression and calibration unit 3.
  • the insulation board is produced from the fiber mat.
  • the fiber mat is first deaerated in a first compression zone 3a cold, mechanically to the desired plate thickness and compacted and thus calibrated.
  • the target density is a maximum of about 70 kg / m3.
  • the fiber mat is flowed through in a heating zone or steaming zone 3b by a vapor / air mixture D having a predetermined temperature (eg about 120 ° C.) and a defined dew point (90 ° C. to 95 ° C.).
  • the vapor D can be supplied from one side (eg from below) and removed via the other side (eg upwards), preferably sucked off.
  • the vapor D condenses on the cold Fibers and thus transfers the heat required to melt the jacket of the bicomponent fibers.
  • the selection of the multicomponent plastic fibers K takes place in the context of the invention consequently as a function of the steam-air mixture used and in particular as a function of the dew point of this steam-air mixture. It is always ensured that the melting point T1 or softening point of the first component of the bicomponent plastic fibers is above the dew point TP, while the melting point T2 or softening point of the second component is below the dew point TP.
  • air is indirectly, for. B. via a steam-heated heat exchanger, heated and then metered as much steam supplied that the preselected dew point is maintained.
  • the air velocity is controlled so that a preselectable pressure is not exceeded.
  • the compression state of the fiber mat must be kept constant until the bicomponent fibers, or their second component, have cooled sufficiently to reliably fall below the softening temperature.
  • the mat is cooled immediately after the evaporation zone 3b in a cooling zone 3c in the compression and calibration unit 3, namely by the mat of cooling air L is flowed through.
  • the cooling air L can also z. B. fed from below and sucked from above, so that the cooling air L is sucked through the mat M as it were.
  • the endless circulating conveyor belts of the steam press are designed as endlessly circulating sieve belts 11.
  • the fiber mat M is not compressed further in the vaporization zone 3b and also in the cooling zone 3c, ie the press nip is kept substantially constant in the vaporization zone 3b and the cooling zone 3c.
  • the cooling in the cooling zone 3c is thereby assisted by the fact that the moisture absorbed by the condensation by heating is now evaporated again.
  • the resulting plate With the exit from the calibration and curing unit 3, the resulting plate is dimensionally stable but sufficiently flexible or elastic.
  • the continuous plate strand is then a separator z. B. supplied diagonal saw, with the predetermined plate lengths are separated.
  • a collecting funnel When approaching or departing possibly occurring loose parts are collected in a collecting funnel and fed to a container. Lumpy waste is mechanically discharged after the diagonal saw.
  • a pre-trimming of the plates is performed.
  • the side strips are machined and sucked together with the saw dust by means of a fan.
  • the deflected and vorgekla plate sections are fed via a roller conveyor of the dividing saw. Details of these downstream processing steps are not shown.
  • the production of wood fibers can be done in a conventional manner by defibration from wood chips in a refiner with the addition of steam.
  • a fire retardant and / or a hydrophobing agent eg, a wax emulsion
  • the initially produced wood fibers are then dried in a conventional manner in a dryer, preferably until a residual moisture content of about 4% to 8% is reached.
  • the bicomponent fibers are z. B. cut to the desired length delivered as a bale. They are separated with a bale opener with a balance and metered and then fed together with the wood fibers of the mixing plant.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de panneaux isolants en fibres de bois, des fibres de bois étant mélangées avec des fibres de matière synthétique thermoplastique servant de liant et une nappe de fibres étant produite à partir de là. Des fibres à plusieurs composants qui sont constituées d'au moins un premier composant et un deuxième composant synthétique avec des points de fusion différents sont utilisées comme fibres de matière synthétique, la nappe de fibres étant chauffée de telle manière que le deuxième composant des fibres synthétiques se ramollisse et la nappe de fibres étant refroidie en produisant le panneau isolant. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que la nappe de fibres est parcourue à des fins d'échauffement par un mélange de vapeur ou de vapeur et d'air qui présente un point de condensation prédéfini et en ce que des fibres synthétiques à composants multiples sont utilisées comme liant, le premier composant présentant un point de fusion supérieur au point de condensation et le deuxième composant un point de fusion inférieur au point de condensation.

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé pour fabriquer des panneaux d'isolation en fibre de bois,
    dans lequel des fibres de bois sont mélangées avec des fibres plastique thermoplastiques comme liant et une natte de fibre est générée à partir de là,
    dans lequel des fibres multi-composants sont utilisées comme fibres plastique, lesquelles fibres comprennent au moins un premier et un second composants plastique avec différents points de fusion,
    la natte de fibre étant réchauffée de telle sorte que le second composant des fibres plastique se ramollit et
    dans lequel la natte de fibre est refroidie alors en générant le panneau isolant, caractérisé en ce que
    la natte de fibre est traversé pour le réchauffement par une vapeur ou un mélange vapeur-air, lequel mélange présente un point de rosée prédéfini et en ce que des fibres plastique multi-composants sont utilisées comme liant, dont le premier composant présente un point de fusion au-dessus du point de rosée et dont le second composant présente un point de fusion au-dessous du point de rosée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vapeur ou le mélange vapeur-air présente un point de rosée TP = 100°C et en ce que des fibres plastique multi-composants sont utilisés comme liant, dont le premier composant présente un point de fusion T1 > 100°C et dont le second composant présente un point de fusion T2 < 100°C.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la vapeur ou de préférence le mélange vapeur-air présente un point de rosée TP = 95°C, de préférence 85°C à 95°C et en ce que des fibres plastique multi-composants sont utilisés, dont le premier composant présente un point de fusion T1 > 95°C et dont le second composant présente un point de fusion T2 < 95°C.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que de la vapeur d'eau est utilisée comme vapeur, par exemple à l'intérieur du mélange vapeur-air.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est traversée à la suite du réchauffement pour le refroidissement de l'air de refroidissement avec une température TK < 40°C, de préférence TK < 30°C.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est compactée avant le réchauffement à sensiblement la densité prescrite du panneau achevé, de préférence à une température de moins de 40°C.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre compactée à la densité théorique n'est pas comprimée ou n'est pas comprimée encore de façon notable pendant le réchauffement et/ou le refroidissement.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est réchauffée dans une unité de compactage et de calibrage, dans laquelle la natte de fibre est guidée entre des bandes de tamis tournant sans fin.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est réchauffée dans une zone d'évaporation de l'unité de compactage et de calibrage et en ce qu'une zone de refroidissement se raccorde (directement) à la zone d'évaporation pour le refroidissement de la natte.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est compactée dans une zone de compactage, placée en amont de la zone d'évaporation, de l'unité de compactage et de calibrage jusqu'à par exemple la densité prescrite du panneau achevé.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la natte de fibre est pré-compactée dans une presse préalable (séparée) placée en amont de l'unité de compactage et de calibrage et est ensuite éventuellement rognée.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le pourcentage en poids des fibres plastique par rapport au poids total de la natte de fibre représente 5 % à 20 %, de préférence 5 % à 15 %, par exemple 7 % à 12 %.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la densité du panneau terminé va de 30 à 200 kg/m3, de préférence 40 à 100 kg/m3.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que des fibres plastique multi-composants, par exemple des fibres à deux composants, sont utilisées avec une structure noyau-enveloppe, le premier composant formant le noyau et le second composant l'enveloppe.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les fibres plastique multi-composants, par exemple des fibres à deux composants, sont utilisées avec une structure side-by-side.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de bois présentent une humidité de 5 % à 15 %, par exemple de 6 % à 12 %.
EP09777887A 2008-08-26 2009-08-14 Procédé de fabrication de panneaux isolants en fibres de bois Active EP2315652B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09777887T PL2315652T3 (pl) 2008-08-26 2009-08-14 Sposób wytwarzania izolacyjnych płyt pilśniowych

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008039720A DE102008039720B4 (de) 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaser-Dämmplatten"
PCT/EP2009/005912 WO2010022864A1 (fr) 2008-08-26 2009-08-14 Procédé de fabrication de panneaux isolants en fibres de bois

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EP2315652A1 EP2315652A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
EP2315652B1 true EP2315652B1 (fr) 2012-05-30

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US (1) US8394303B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2315652B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2735682C (fr)
DE (1) DE102008039720B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2388486T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2315652T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2470771C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010022864A1 (fr)

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US10414853B2 (en) 2014-04-17 2019-09-17 Covestro Deutschland Ag Method of manufacturing of press materials
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WO2016071007A1 (fr) 2014-11-06 2016-05-12 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Panneau dérivé du bois, en particulier sous la forme d'un matériau composite bois-plastique, et procédé pour sa fabrication
ES2618061T3 (es) * 2014-11-06 2017-06-20 Flooring Technologies Ltd Procedimiento para fabricar un tablero de material derivado de la madera, en particular un compuesto de madera y plástico
DE102014119242A1 (de) 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Dämm- und/oder Schallschutzplatte, deren Verwendung und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dämm- und/oder Schallschutzplatten
DE202014106187U1 (de) 2014-12-19 2016-02-22 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Dämm- und/oder Schallschutzplatte
DE102015121869A1 (de) 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur kontinuierlichen Entwässerung von Wasser enthaltenem Gut, insbesondere zur Entwässerung von Braunkohle
DE102016015519B4 (de) 2016-12-23 2022-08-11 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Festigkeit von Holzfaserdämmplatten
PL3444086T3 (pl) * 2017-08-16 2022-06-20 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Płyta wielofunkcyjna wykonana z włókien drzewnych i dwuskładnikowych oraz sposób wytwarzania płyty wielofunkcyjnej
DE102019000767B4 (de) 2019-02-02 2021-03-25 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Dämmplattenherstellung
DE102020205345B3 (de) * 2020-04-28 2021-07-22 Gutex Holzfaserplattenwerk H. Henselmann Gmbh + Co Kg Flexible Fasermatte aus Holzfasern und Bikomponentenfasern als thermoplastisches Bindemittel sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu deren Herstellung
DE102020132552A1 (de) 2020-12-08 2022-06-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffprodukten und Holzfaserdämmstoffprodukt
DE102021002998A1 (de) 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Dämmplattenherstellung
CN113547499B (zh) * 2021-09-22 2021-11-26 徐州光头强木业有限公司 一种用于板材加工的木板厚度计量调平及划线装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2388486T3 (es) 2012-10-15
US20110291316A1 (en) 2011-12-01
WO2010022864A1 (fr) 2010-03-04
PL2315652T3 (pl) 2012-11-30
RU2470771C2 (ru) 2012-12-27
DE102008039720A1 (de) 2010-03-04
RU2011111508A (ru) 2012-10-10
CA2735682A1 (fr) 2010-03-04
EP2315652A1 (fr) 2011-05-04
DE102008039720B4 (de) 2012-09-13
CA2735682C (fr) 2013-12-03
US8394303B2 (en) 2013-03-12

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