EP2315229A1 - Dispositif de détection d'état pour un tableau de distribution basse tension - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'état pour un tableau de distribution basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2315229A1
EP2315229A1 EP09173539A EP09173539A EP2315229A1 EP 2315229 A1 EP2315229 A1 EP 2315229A1 EP 09173539 A EP09173539 A EP 09173539A EP 09173539 A EP09173539 A EP 09173539A EP 2315229 A1 EP2315229 A1 EP 2315229A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detector
switching
switching device
toggle element
status
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09173539A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adelbert Schalk
Harm de Roo
Marek Budyn
Miroslaw Bistron
Tomasz Nowak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP09173539A priority Critical patent/EP2315229A1/fr
Publication of EP2315229A1 publication Critical patent/EP2315229A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H01H2071/046—Means for indicating condition of the switching device exclusively by position of operating part, e.g. with additional labels or marks but no other movable indicators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H01H2071/048—Means for indicating condition of the switching device containing non-mechanical switch position sensor, e.g. HALL sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0264—Mountings or coverplates for complete assembled circuit breakers, e.g. snap mounting in panel
    • H01H71/0271—Mounting several complete assembled circuit breakers together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an installation device for a low voltage distribution board, comprising a switching device and a detector for optical or ultrasonic waves.
  • the current which is mostly supplied from a low voltage power supply system, is distributed with the aid of switches to components such as cables, motors, apparatuses or installations. Since the switches are in the form of switching devices, the current-carrying components and installations are protected quickly and reliable against the consequences of overload and short-circuit currents.
  • the switching devices such as miniature current breakers, residual current circuit breakers or residual current devices, mostly have a toggle lever for indicating the switching status of the switching device and for manually operating the switching device.
  • monitoring systems for their electrical applications. Monitoring is especially requested for installations that can disconnect parts of the electrical installation automatically, like miniature current breakers or residual current circuit breakers, but can only be connected again manually. Such monitoring allows not only fast identification and repair of potential problems, but also enables further system integration and ensures higher system reliability.
  • the monitoring system shall read the switching status of the switching device, e.g. indicating if the switching device is on or off, i.e. conductive or not conductive, and transfer this information to a control unit.
  • the present invention provides an installation device for a low voltage distribution board, comprising a switching device and a detector for optical or ultrasonic waves, wherein the switching device comprises a toggle element adapted for switching the switching device and for reflecting optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, and the detector is adapted for detecting the reflected optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, indicating the switching status of the switching device.
  • the detector detects if optical or ultrasonic waves, which are preferably emitted by the detector as well, are reflected by the toggle element back onto or away from the detector, depending on the position of the toggle element, such indicating the position of the toggle element respectively of the switching status of the switching device.
  • each switching device is monitored by a dedicated detector.
  • a single detector is adapted for contactless monitoring the switching status of a plurality of switching devices, e.g. of a multipole switching device or of a multipole circuit breaker.
  • the detector is adapted for contactless and unambiguously monitoring the switching status of the switching device, i.e. the switching status of a specific switching device is specifically monitored by the detector.
  • the solution according to the invention i.e. the detector
  • the solution according to the invention can be used with any kind of switching device known in the prior art. It is furthermore possible to add the detector according to the invention to a switching device already installed in an installation device, e.g. to a switching device already installed in a low voltage distribution board. As the detector monitors the switching status of the switching device contactless, the solution according to the invention has no impact and/or no mechanical connection with the switching system of the switching device, i.e. the detector does not interfere with the normal operation of the switching device.
  • the installation device does not require any valuable additional space other than for the switching device itself, as the detector can be attached directly onto the switching device, preferably onto the "top" of the switching device.
  • the detector is not attached sidewise to the switching device, thus not consuming additional space within a row of switching devices respectively installation devices in a low voltage distribution board.
  • the switching device can be any switching device known from the prior art, for example a circuit breaker, a miniature circuit breaker, a residual current circuit breaker, a residual current device, an overvoltage protection device, a motor protection device, or any other switching device known to the man skilled in the art, e.g. a switching device with a toggle element, such as a lever or a toggle, that indicates at least the on or off switching status of the switching device.
  • the switching status of the switching device preferably comprises an on/off status, i.e. the switching device being conductive or not conductive, respectively, or the switching device preferably comprises an off/on status, i.e. the switching device being not conductive or conductive, respectively.
  • the detector can be any optical known from the prior art, such as, for example, for detecting optical waves, IR waves, laser waves and/or ultrasonic waves. It is especially preferred that the switching device comprises an enclosure and the detector is arranged outside of the enclosure.
  • the toggle element is adapted for reflecting optical, IR, laser and/or ultrasonic waves.
  • the toggle element comprises a two-state or a three-state switching lever, i.e. comprises two or three positions, respectively.
  • the toggle element comprises a reflective foil and/or a reflective colour for improving the reflexion of the waves.
  • the signal/noise ratio of the reflective foil and/or a reflective colour is better for the reflection of optical, IR, laser and/or ultrasonic waves than for other waves.
  • Such embodiments allow monitoring the switching status of the switching device without physical contact with the switching device, for example by using optical reflection of IR waves.
  • the reflection of IR flux for example being reflected by the reflective foil attached to the toggle lever, is detected by the detector, thus providing information if the toggle lever is an upper or lower position, i.e. the switching device is on or off respectively off or on.
  • the detector comprises a camera
  • the camera is adapted for detecting the switching position of the toggle element.
  • the detector can be any detector known to the skilled person that is suitable for contactless monitoring the switching status of the switching device.
  • the detector comprises an IR detector, a laser detector and/or an ultrasonic detector, e.g. for detecting IR, laser and/or ultrasonic, respectively.
  • the detector comprises a camera.
  • the sensitivity of the detector is adjustable. It is further preferred that the detector comprises different signal modulation methods in order to prevent cross-talk between a plurality of detectors.
  • the detector comprises an optical transmitter for sending out optical waves, such as IR, laser waves and/or ultrasonic waves.
  • the detector allows for a very simple and cheap detection of the switching status of the switching device by determining if optical waves are reflected by the toggle element back onto or away from the detector.
  • the detector can be added "on top" onto an already installed switching device in a low voltage distribution board, thus forming the installation device according to the invention.
  • the detector is not arranged in a separate housing having a comparable form factor than the switching device, e.g. the detector is not mounted adjacent to the switching device as a separate device, as known from the prior art. More preferably, the detector is not arranged between switching devices respectively is not arranged between installation devices.
  • the solution of the invention does not require valuable and additional space in the low voltage distribution board.
  • the toggle element is adapted for moving between at least two positions, each position indicating a switching status of the switching device and the detector is arranged in a direction, preferably substantially, longitudinal to the directional movement of the toggle element, i.e. the detector is preferably not arranged perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the directional movement of the toggle element.
  • the detector is spaced away from the switching device preferably by a maximum of 7 cm, more preferably by a maximum of 5 cm and most preferably by a maximum of 3 cm.
  • the toggle element is closer to the detector in a first position of the toggle element than in a second position of the toggle element.
  • the toggle element can be closer to the detector in an off-position than an on-position, thus allowing the detector to detect if the installation device is in off-position or in on-position.
  • the detector is adapted for detecting the distance between the detector and the toggle element.
  • the detector may comprise a proximity sensor of similar means known from the prior art for detecting the distance between the detector and the toggle element.
  • a single detector is adapted for contactless monitoring the switching status of a switching device, preferably of a single switching device.
  • the switching status of each one switching device is monitored by a corresponding single detector.
  • the invention allows for monitoring the switching status of a single switching device, i.e. the invention allows for monitoring if a single switching device is on or off.
  • a single detector is adapted for contactless and unambiguously monitoring the switching status of a single switching device.
  • the detector can be attached in any way possible to the installation device.
  • the detector is removably fixed to the switching device, to the distribution board and/or to a cover of the distribution board. It is further preferred that the detector is removably fixed onto an enclosure of the switching device. It is furthermore preferred that the switching device is at least partly covered by a cover, e.g. by a cover plate, wherein the detector is removably fixed to the cover.
  • the cover preferably relates to the distribution board, e.g. for covering the switching device, terminals and/or wiring.
  • the man skilled in the art may fix the detector by using any means known in the prior art, it is especially preferred that the detector is fixed by an adhesive and/or by a hook or loop fastener. Furthermore, the man skilled in the art may consider screws, bolts or other fastener means for fixing the detector to the switching device, to the cover and/or to the distribution board. Such embodiments allow for a very simple and quick installation of the detector. Furthermore, when attaching the detector to the distribution board and/or to a plate at least partly covering the switching device, maintenance work can be carried out very simple as the detector can be easily removed from the switching device by removing the cover.
  • the detector can be arranged in any position relative towards the switching device.
  • the distribution board comprises a rail for mounting the installation device and the detector is spaced away from the toggle element in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the rail. In other words, it is preferred that the detector is spaced away from the toggle element not in a direction lateral or mostly lateral to the extension of the rail.
  • the detector is connected to a central unit for collecting switching status information, i.e. of the switching device. It is furthermore preferred, that a plurality of detectors is connected to the central unit.
  • the central unit may collect the switching status information from the switching device, process the switching status information, transfer the switching status information and/or display the switching status information on a PC, running, for example, an analysis software for displaying the status of the monitored switching device on a computer screen or on any other display.
  • each detector of a plurality of detectors may have a unique identifier.
  • the switching status information can be provided from the detector to the central unit by using a bus-like architecture, as known from the prior art, thus avoiding dedicated cabling from the central unit to every detector and resulting in low installation cost. It is furthermore preferred, that the switching device and the detector are galvanically isolated. Most preferably, the power system connected to the switching device is galvanically isolated from the power system connected to the detector.
  • a plurality of detectors is arranged in a common constructural unit, for example in a box and/or in an enclosure.
  • Such common constructural unit can be easily added to a plurality of switching devices already installed in a low voltage distribution board. It is furthermore preferred, that the constructural unit is removably fixed to the switching device or to the distribution board. In this way, the constructural unit can be easily attached and/or removed from the switching device or from the distribution board.
  • the constructural unit is arranged parallel, or at least substantially parallel, to the rail and/or the constructural unit is arranged perpendicular, or at least substantially perpendicular, to the directional movement of the toggle element.
  • Another embodiment of the invention comprises a installation device arrangement, with a plurality of installation device for installation in the low voltage distribution board, the installation devices preferably according to any of the installation devices as detailed before, wherein at least two of these installation devices each comprise a switching device and a detector, and the detector is adapted for contactless monitoring the switching status of the respective switching device. Accordingly, the installation device arrangement according to the invention provides a very simple solution for contactless detecting the switching status of each switching device, without having any impact on the switching mechanism of the switching device.
  • the object of the invention is further addressed by use of a detector for optical or ultrasonic waves for monitoring the switching status of a switching device for a low voltage distribution board, wherein the switching device comprises a toggle element adapted for switching the switching device and for reflecting optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, and the detector is adapted for detecting the reflected optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, indicating the switching status of the switching device.
  • the switching status of a switching device can be monitored in a very reliable, simple and cheap way by using a detector for optical or ultrasonic waves, which can be attached, for example, to an already installed switching device.
  • the object of the invention is furthermore addressed by a method for detecting the switching status of a switching device for a low voltage distribution board, wherein the switching device comprises a toggle element adapted for switching the switching device and for reflecting optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, comprising the step of: Detecting optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, reflected by the toggle element for indicating the switching status of the switching device.
  • a detector for optical or ultrasonic waves can be used for detecting optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, indicating the switching status of the switching device, wherein the reflexion of the optical or ultrasonic waves, respectively, are occurred by the toggle element and/or from the position of the toggle element of the switching device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-section through a installation device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a installation device arrangement according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a installation device arrangement according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 represents a schematic cross-section of an installation device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, comprising a switching device 1 and a detector 2 for optical or ultrasonic waves.
  • the installation device comprising the switching device 1 and the detector 2 is suitable for a low voltage distribution board.
  • optical waves is not limited to "visible waves”.
  • optical waves comprises waves of the visible spectrum as well as waves of the infrared and ultraviolet spectrum.
  • the switching device 1 is provided as a miniature current breaker. In further embodiments of the invention, not shown, the switching device 1 may also be provided as a residual current circuit breaker, as a residual current device, or as any other switching device known from the prior art.
  • the switching device 1 comprises a toggle element 3, which is provided as a toggle lever. Such toggle element 3, such as a switching lever, as known from the prior art, indicates the switching status of the switching device 1, i.e. indicates if the switching device 1 is on or off.
  • toggle element 3 allows for manually switching the switching device 1.
  • the toggle element 3 is adapted for moving between at least two positions, each position indicating a switching status of the switching device 1.
  • the detector 2 is adapted for contactless detecting the position of the toggle element 3, wherein the detector 2 is arranged in a direction substantially longitudinal to the directional movement of the toggle element 3. I.e. the detector 2 is arranged "on top" of the switching device 1 such that the detector 2 "sees” the movement of the toggle element 3.
  • the detector 2 which may comprise an optical detector, an ultrasonic detector and/or a laser detector, comprises an IR transmitter sending out IR waves 4 onto the toggle element 3.
  • the toggle element 3 comprises a reflective foil 5 for reflecting the IR waves 4. Using a reflective foil 5, or alternatively a reflective colour, improves the reliability of the detector 2.
  • the IR waves 4 are reflected by the reflective foil 5 respectively by the toggle element 3 away from the detector 2, i.e. not backwards into the direction of the detector 2, as indicated by arrow 6.
  • the detector 2 cannot detect the reflected IR waves 4. Therefore, as per Fig. 1 , the detector 2 detects the switching device 1 being in a switching status that is off, i.e. not conductive.
  • the so received switching status information i.e. the switching device 1 being in an off-position
  • the collected switching status information also from other switching devices 1 within a large installation of a plurality of installation devices, can be displayed on a PC running analysis software for displaying the switching status information of the plurality of switching devices 1 on a computer screen or on any other display.
  • the switching device 1 is arranged on a rail 7, such as a DIN rail as known from the prior art, which is provided in a low voltage distribution board, not shown.
  • the detector 2 is arranged away from the toggle element 3 in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the rail 7, i.e. in a direction not longitudinal to the rail 7.
  • the detector 2 is removably fixed to the switching device 1 by a hook and loop fastener or any other fastener means known in the prior art, thus, allowing a very simple fastening and removing of the detector 2 to the switching device 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows an installation device arrangement, with a plurality of installation devices for installation the low voltage distribution board, wherein at least two of these installation devices each comprise a switching device 1 and a detector 2, and the detector 2 is adapted for contactless monitoring the switching status of the respective switching device 1.
  • the plurality of detectors 2 is arranged in a common constructural unit 8.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a toggle element 3 in a conductive switching position, thus, reflecting back, as indicated by arrow 9, the IR waves 4 to the detector 2.
  • the detector 2 therefore detects that the respective switching device 1 is an on-position, i.e. conductive.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further installation device arrangement, according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the common constructural unit 8 comprising the plurality of detectors 2 is fixed to a cover 10, i.e. a cover plate, partly covering the switching devices 1.
  • the cover 10 is removably attached to the distribution board, not shown.

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EP09173539A 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 Dispositif de détection d'état pour un tableau de distribution basse tension Withdrawn EP2315229A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09173539A EP2315229A1 (fr) 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 Dispositif de détection d'état pour un tableau de distribution basse tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09173539A EP2315229A1 (fr) 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 Dispositif de détection d'état pour un tableau de distribution basse tension

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EP2315229A1 true EP2315229A1 (fr) 2011-04-27

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012110246A1 (de) * 2012-10-26 2014-04-30 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Erfassung des Schaltzustands eines Leitungsschutzschalters
CN104409289A (zh) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 温州力能电器科技有限公司 断路器
CN114300298A (zh) * 2022-01-05 2022-04-08 浙江天正电气股份有限公司 一种隔离开关
WO2022243419A1 (fr) 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareils et systèmes de protection électrique
US12007443B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2024-06-11 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Contact arrangement having a measuring device for determining a contacting state of the contact arrangement by means of an acoustic signal

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4706073A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-11-10 Oscar Vila Masot Circuit breaker panels with alarm system
DE19708460C1 (de) * 1997-02-18 1998-02-26 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Schaltstellungserfassung von elektrischen Schaltgeräten
DE202004002714U1 (de) * 2004-02-20 2004-06-24 Stallmann, Bernd Stromkreisüberwachungseinrichtung
DE102004053611A1 (de) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Position von elektrischen Leiterelementen einer Elektroenergieübertragungseinrichtung
EP1808879A1 (fr) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système destiné à la reconnaissance d'état sans contact
DE102007002176A1 (de) * 2007-01-15 2008-07-17 Siemens Ag Erfassungseinrichtung zum Erfassen des Schaltzustands eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräts

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4706073A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-11-10 Oscar Vila Masot Circuit breaker panels with alarm system
DE19708460C1 (de) * 1997-02-18 1998-02-26 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Schaltstellungserfassung von elektrischen Schaltgeräten
DE202004002714U1 (de) * 2004-02-20 2004-06-24 Stallmann, Bernd Stromkreisüberwachungseinrichtung
DE102004053611A1 (de) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Position von elektrischen Leiterelementen einer Elektroenergieübertragungseinrichtung
EP1808879A1 (fr) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système destiné à la reconnaissance d'état sans contact
DE102007002176A1 (de) * 2007-01-15 2008-07-17 Siemens Ag Erfassungseinrichtung zum Erfassen des Schaltzustands eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräts

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012110246A1 (de) * 2012-10-26 2014-04-30 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Erfassung des Schaltzustands eines Leitungsschutzschalters
CN104409289A (zh) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 温州力能电器科技有限公司 断路器
CN104409289B (zh) * 2014-11-24 2016-08-24 温州艾科电器科技有限公司 断路器
US12007443B2 (en) 2020-08-24 2024-06-11 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Contact arrangement having a measuring device for determining a contacting state of the contact arrangement by means of an acoustic signal
WO2022243419A1 (fr) 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Appareils et systèmes de protection électrique
CN114300298A (zh) * 2022-01-05 2022-04-08 浙江天正电气股份有限公司 一种隔离开关

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