EP2312011A1 - Method for metallic coating of a casting mould part and aluminized casting mould part produced according to the method - Google Patents

Method for metallic coating of a casting mould part and aluminized casting mould part produced according to the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2312011A1
EP2312011A1 EP09173138A EP09173138A EP2312011A1 EP 2312011 A1 EP2312011 A1 EP 2312011A1 EP 09173138 A EP09173138 A EP 09173138A EP 09173138 A EP09173138 A EP 09173138A EP 2312011 A1 EP2312011 A1 EP 2312011A1
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Prior art keywords
casting
coating
metallic coating
mold part
temperature
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP09173138A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Werner Menk
Thomas Eckardt
Torsten Rieck
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Georg Fischer Automotive AG
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Georg Fischer Automotive AG
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Priority to EP09173138A priority Critical patent/EP2312011A1/en
Publication of EP2312011A1 publication Critical patent/EP2312011A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/261—After-treatment in a gas atmosphere, e.g. inert or reducing atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the metallic coating of a molded part.
  • Metallic materials are often coated to prevent corrosion during use.
  • Some typical coating materials are glass, enamel, tin, zinc or chromium. Molded parts that are used in the automotive industry, such as wheel carrier, exhaust manifold or turbocharger housing are exposed in the application of corrosive outdoor conditions and high temperatures.
  • This object is achieved by a method for the metallic coating of a cast part, wherein the cast part before the coating process is mechanically and chemically cleaned and wherein the mold part is dipped for coating in a melt of an aluminum-containing alloy.
  • the casting to be coated lingers as possible only a short time in the coating bath in order to save process costs. This is achieved by the immersion time being 2 to 6 minutes.
  • the costs of the coating metal are kept as low as possible. This is achieved by the layer thickness of the coating being between 50 and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the casting surfaces to be coated are free from mold residue and chemically activated before immersion in the coating bath in order to ensure optimum adhesion of the coating metal. This is achieved in that the mechanical cleaning of the casting is carried out by means of cleaning jets and that after the mechanical cleaning process and immediately before the coating process, the casting is pretreated with an acid solution.
  • a high-temperature-resistant aluminum oxide layer is also advantageous for a high-temperature-resistant aluminum oxide layer to be selectively produced on the coated cast part. This is achieved by subjecting the molded part to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere after the coating process. This is also achieved in that the casting after the heat treatment of anodic oxidation is subjected.
  • the molded part produced by the method according to the invention is used in vehicle construction at temperatures above 500 ° C., for example as a turbocharger housing or exhaust manifold.
  • the molded part can also be used in corrosive environmental conditions in vehicle construction.
  • the coating can be anodized after the coating process and subsequently electroplated.
  • the casting itself may be constructed of lamellar graphite cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, malleable cast iron, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.
  • the bath temperature of the melt may be lower than 600 ° C.
  • a casting of Sibodur 450-17 HS, a nodular cast iron and a majority ferritic microstructure, is immersed in a melt containing mostly aluminum at a temperature of 690 ° C for 3 minutes.
  • the molded part After the coating process, the molded part has a layer with a thickness of at least 60 ⁇ m.
  • the coating consists of an alloy with 0.09 wt.% Si, 0.24 wt.% Fe, 0.02 wt.% Cu, 0.12 wt.% Mn, 0.46 wt.% Mg, 4.67 wt.% Zn, 0.07 wt.% Ti, 0.0011 Wt.% Sr, balance aluminum and common impurities.
  • the casting was stored in an oven in air at 700 ° C for 160 hours.
  • the weight gain by oxidation is measured over a period of up to 160 hours and compared to the results of other high temperature resistant materials. In FIG. 1 the results are put together. It can be seen from the comparison that the casting according to the invention has even a slightly better oxidation behavior than a nickel-chromium alloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), which is frequently used for high-temperature applications and which is relatively expensive.
  • GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2 nickel-chromium alloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron
  • FIG. 2 shows a micrograph of the inventive coating. The photograph was taken after aging for 50 hours in air at 700 ° C.
  • the coating consists of an alloy with 0.24 wt.% Si, 3.0 wt.% Fe, 0.04 wt.% Cu, 0.1 wt.% Mn, 0.34 wt.% Mg, 4.84 wt.% Zn, 0.06 wt.% Ti, 0.0018 Wt.% Sr, balance aluminum and common impurities.
  • the casting was stored in an oven in air at 700 ° C for 160 hours.
  • the weight gain by oxidation is measured and compared to the results of other high temperature resistant materials.
  • FIG. 3 the results are put together.
  • the casting according to the invention has the same good oxidation behavior as a nickel and chromium alloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), which is frequently used for high-temperature applications and which is relatively expensive.
  • FIG. 4 shows a micrograph of the inventive coating.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of the recording of FIG. 4 , Both images were taken after aging for 154 hours in air at 700 ° C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The method for metallic coating of a mold part, comprises mechanically and chemically cleaning the mold part by blast cleaning before the coating process and immersing the mold part into a melt of an aluminum-containing alloy for coating. After mechanical cleaning, the mold part is directly pretreated with an acid solution before coating process. The melt has a bath temperature of 650-800[deg] C. The immersion time is 2-6 minutes and the thickness of the coating is 50-500 mu m. The mold part before the coating process has a temperature between room temperature and 200[deg] C. The method for metallic coating of a mold part, comprises mechanically and chemically cleaning the mold part by blast cleaning before the coating process and immersing the mold part into a melt of an aluminum-containing alloy for coating. After mechanical cleaning, the mold part is directly pretreated with an acid solution before coating process. The melt has a bath temperature of 650-800[deg] C. The immersion time is 2-6 minutes and the thickness of the coating is 50-500 mu m. The mold part before the coating process has a temperature between room temperature and 200[deg] C and the mold part after the coating process has a temperature between 200[deg] C and the bath temperature. The mold part is subjected to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere after the coating process and then subjected to anodic oxidation. The mold part is colored after the anodic oxidation.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles.The invention relates to a method for the metallic coating of a molded part.

Metallische Werkstoffe werden, um in der Anwendung Korrosion zu verhindern, häufig beschichtet. Einige typische Beschichtungswerkstoffe sind Glas, Email, Zinn, Zink oder Chrom. Gussformteile, die im Automobilbau eingesetzt werden, wie beispielsweise Radträger, Auspuffkrümmer oder Turboladergehäuse sind in der Anwendung korrosiven Aussenbedingungen und hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt.Metallic materials are often coated to prevent corrosion during use. Some typical coating materials are glass, enamel, tin, zinc or chromium. Molded parts that are used in the automotive industry, such as wheel carrier, exhaust manifold or turbocharger housing are exposed in the application of corrosive outdoor conditions and high temperatures.

Aus der EP 848 076 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung von Stahlblech in einem Tauchbad bekannt. Vor dem eigentlichen Beschichtungsvorgang wird das Stahlblech gereinigt, thermisch geglüht, mit einer sehr dünnen Oxydschicht versehen und mit einer zweiten metallischen Unterschicht versehen. Der Stahl enthält unter anderem Silizium, das bei einer Wärmebehandlung vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang oxidierbar ist. Als Beschichtungsmetall werden Zink- oder Aluminiumlegierungen vorgeschlagen. Wenn das Beschichtungsmetall reich an Aluminium ist, beträgt der Siliziumgehalt weniger als 6%.From the EP 848 076 A1 a method for the metallic coating of steel sheet in a dipping bath is known. Before the actual coating process, the steel sheet is cleaned, thermally annealed, provided with a very thin oxide layer and provided with a second metallic sublayer. The steel contains, inter alia, silicon, which is oxidizable in a heat treatment before the coating process. As coating metal zinc or aluminum alloys are proposed. If the coating metal is rich in aluminum, the silicon content is less than 6%.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung anzugeben, das möglichst Energie sparend durchgeführt werden kann, das die Beständigkeit gegen Korrosion, Temperaturwechsel und Oxydation eines Gussformteils erhöht und das das Aussehen eines Gussformteils verbessert.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for metallic coating, which can be performed as energy efficient, which increases the resistance to corrosion, temperature change and oxidation of a molded part and improves the appearance of a molded part.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles, wobei das Gussformteil vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang mechanisch und chemisch gereinigt wird und wobei das Gussformteil zur Beschichtung in eine Schmelze einer aluminiumhaltigen Legierung eingetaucht wird.This object is achieved by a method for the metallic coating of a cast part, wherein the cast part before the coating process is mechanically and chemically cleaned and wherein the mold part is dipped for coating in a melt of an aluminum-containing alloy.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Preferred developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Aus Kostengründen ist es von Vorteil, dass das zu beschichtende Gussformteil möglichst nur kurze Zeit im Beschichtungsbad verweilt, um damit Prozesskosten einzusparen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Eintauchzeit 2 bis 6 Minuten beträgt.For cost reasons, it is advantageous that the casting to be coated lingers as possible only a short time in the coating bath in order to save process costs. This is achieved by the immersion time being 2 to 6 minutes.

Es ist auch von Vorteil, dass die Kosten des Beschichtungsmetalls möglichst niedrig gehalten werden. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Schichtdicke der Beschichtung zwischen 50 und 500 µm beträgt.It is also advantageous that the costs of the coating metal are kept as low as possible. This is achieved by the layer thickness of the coating being between 50 and 500 μm.

Es ist auch von Vorteil, dass die zu beschichtenden Gussteiloberflächen vor dem Eintauchen in das Beschichtungsbad frei sind von Formstoffrückständen und chemisch aktiviert sind um eine optimale Haftung des Beschichtungsmetalls zu gewährleisten. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die mechanische Reinigung des Gussformteiles mittels Reinigungsstrahlen durchgeführt wird und dass nach dem mechanischen Reinigungsvorgang und unmittelbar vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang das Gussformteil mit einer Säurelösung vorbehandelt wird.It is also advantageous that the casting surfaces to be coated are free from mold residue and chemically activated before immersion in the coating bath in order to ensure optimum adhesion of the coating metal. This is achieved in that the mechanical cleaning of the casting is carried out by means of cleaning jets and that after the mechanical cleaning process and immediately before the coating process, the casting is pretreated with an acid solution.

Für die Verwendung von Gussformteilen im Hochtemperaturbereich, zum Beispiel bei Auslasskrümmer oder Turboladergehäuse, ist es weiter auch von Vorteil, dass auf dem beschichteten Gussformteil gezielt eine hochtemperaturbeständige Aluminiumoxidschicht erzeugt wird. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Gussformteil nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang einer Wärmebehandlung in einer oxidierenden Atmosphäre unterzogen wird. Dies wird auch dadurch erreicht, dass das Gussformteil nach der Wärmebehandlung einer anodischen Oxidation unterzogen wird.For the use of moldings in the high temperature range, for example in the case of exhaust manifold or turbocharger housing, it is also advantageous for a high-temperature-resistant aluminum oxide layer to be selectively produced on the coated cast part. This is achieved by subjecting the molded part to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere after the coating process. This is also achieved in that the casting after the heat treatment of anodic oxidation is subjected.

Das mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren hergestellte Gussformteil wird im Fahrzeugbau bei Temperaturen über 500 °C, beispielsweise als Turboladergehäuse oder Auslasskrümmer eingesetzt. Das Gussformteil kann auch bei korrosiven Umgebungsbedingungen im Fahrzeugbau eingesetzt werden. Bei Gussformteilen, die im Fahrzeugbau in Bereichen eingesetzt werden, welche gut von Aussen einsehbar sind, kann die Beschichtung nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang anodisch oxidiert und anschliessend galvanisch eingefärbt werden.The molded part produced by the method according to the invention is used in vehicle construction at temperatures above 500 ° C., for example as a turbocharger housing or exhaust manifold. The molded part can also be used in corrosive environmental conditions in vehicle construction. In the case of molded parts which are used in vehicle construction in areas which are easily visible from the outside, the coating can be anodized after the coating process and subsequently electroplated.

Das Gussformteil selbst kann aus Gusseisen mit Lamellengraphit, aus Gusseisen mit Vermikulargraphit, aus Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, aus Temperguss, aus einer Aluminiumlegierung oder aus einer Magnesiumlegierung aufgebaut sein. Wenn das Gussformteil aus einer Al- oder Mg-Legierung aufgebaut ist, kann die Badtemperatur der Schmelze niedriger als 600 °C sein.The casting itself may be constructed of lamellar graphite cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, malleable cast iron, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy. When the casting is made of an Al or Mg alloy, the bath temperature of the melt may be lower than 600 ° C.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Figuren beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ein Diagramm mit den Messwerten der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung aus einem ersten Beispiel, verglichen mit den Messwerten anderer Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe,
  • Figur 2 eine mikroskopische Aufnahme der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung,
  • Figur 3 ein weiteres Diagramm mit den Messwerten der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung aus einem zweiten Beispiel, verglichen mit den Messwerten anderer Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe,
  • Figur 4 eine mikroskopische Aufnahme der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung aus Figur 3 und
  • Figur 5 einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt aus der Aufnahme von Figur 5.
Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the figures. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a diagram with the measured values of the coating according to the invention from a first example, compared with the measured values of other high-temperature materials,
  • FIG. 2 a micrograph of the coating according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 a further diagram with the measured values of the coating according to the invention from a second example, compared with the measured values of other high-temperature materials,
  • FIG. 4 a micrograph of the inventive coating out FIG. 3 and
  • FIG. 5 an enlarged excerpt from the picture of FIG. 5 ,

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein Gussformteil aus Sibodur 450-17 HS, einem Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit und einem mehrheitlich ferritischen Gefüge, wird in einer Schmelze, die mehrheitlich Aluminium enthält, bei einer Temperatur von 690 °C während 3 Minuten eingetaucht. Nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang weist das Gussformteil eine Schicht mit einer Stärke von mindestens 60 µm auf. Die Beschichtung besteht aus einer Legierung mit 0.09 Gew. % Si, 0.24 Gew. % Fe, 0.02 Gew. % Cu, 0.12 Gew. % Mn, 0.46 Gew. % Mg, 4.67 Gew. % Zn, 0.07 Gew. % Ti, 0.0011 Gew. % Sr, Rest Aluminium und übliche Verunreinigungen. In einem Oxidationsversuch wurde das Gussformteil nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang in einem Ofen an Luft bei 700°C während 160 Stunden gelagert.A casting of Sibodur 450-17 HS, a nodular cast iron and a majority ferritic microstructure, is immersed in a melt containing mostly aluminum at a temperature of 690 ° C for 3 minutes. After the coating process, the molded part has a layer with a thickness of at least 60 μm. The coating consists of an alloy with 0.09 wt.% Si, 0.24 wt.% Fe, 0.02 wt.% Cu, 0.12 wt.% Mn, 0.46 wt.% Mg, 4.67 wt.% Zn, 0.07 wt.% Ti, 0.0011 Wt.% Sr, balance aluminum and common impurities. In an oxidation experiment, after the coating process, the casting was stored in an oven in air at 700 ° C for 160 hours.

Die Gewichtszunahme durch Oxidation wird gemessen über einen Zeitraum von bis zu 160 Stunden und verglichen mit den Ergebnissen anderer hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffe. In Figur 1 sind die Ergebnisse zusammengestellt. Aus dem Vergleich geht hervor, dass das erfindungsgemässe Gussformteil sogar ein leicht besseres Oxidationsverhalten hat als ein mit Nickel und Chrom legiertes Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), das für Hochtemperaturanwendungen häufig eingesetzt wird und das relativ teuer ist.The weight gain by oxidation is measured over a period of up to 160 hours and compared to the results of other high temperature resistant materials. In FIG. 1 the results are put together. It can be seen from the comparison that the casting according to the invention has even a slightly better oxidation behavior than a nickel-chromium alloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), which is frequently used for high-temperature applications and which is relatively expensive.

Figur 2 zeigt eine mikroskopische Aufnahme der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung. Die Aufnahme wurde aufgenommen nach einer Auslagerung von 50 Stunden an Luft bei 700 °C. FIG. 2 shows a micrograph of the inventive coating. The photograph was taken after aging for 50 hours in air at 700 ° C.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Ein weiteres Gussformteil aus Sibodur 450-17 HS, einem Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit und einem mehrheitlich ferritischen Gefüge, wird in einer Schmelze, die mehrheitlich Aluminium enthält, bei einer Temperatur von 740 °C während 5 Minuten eingetaucht. Nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang weist das Gussformteil eine Schicht mit einer Stärke von mindestens 90 µm auf. Die Beschichtung besteht aus einer Legierung mit 0.24 Gew. % Si, 3.0 Gew. % Fe, 0.04 Gew. % Cu, 0.1 Gew. % Mn, 0.34 Gew. % Mg, 4.84 Gew. % Zn, 0.06 Gew. % Ti, 0.0018 Gew. % Sr, Rest Aluminium und übliche Verunreinigungen. In einem Oxidationsversuch wurde das Gussformteil nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang in einem Ofen an Luft bei 700°C während 160 Stunden gelagert.Another casting made of Sibodur 450-17 HS, a ductile iron with a majority ferritic structure, is melted, which contains mostly aluminum, immersed at a temperature of 740 ° C for 5 minutes. After the coating process, the casting has a layer with a thickness of at least 90 μm. The coating consists of an alloy with 0.24 wt.% Si, 3.0 wt.% Fe, 0.04 wt.% Cu, 0.1 wt.% Mn, 0.34 wt.% Mg, 4.84 wt.% Zn, 0.06 wt.% Ti, 0.0018 Wt.% Sr, balance aluminum and common impurities. In an oxidation experiment, after the coating process, the casting was stored in an oven in air at 700 ° C for 160 hours.

Die Gewichtszunahme durch Oxidation wird gemessen und verglichen mit den Ergebnissen anderer hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffe. In Figur 3 sind die Ergebnisse zusammengestellt. Aus dem Vergleich geht wiederum hervor, dass das erfindungsgemässe Gussformteil ein gleich gutes Oxidationsverhalten hat als ein mit Nickel und Chrom legiertes Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), das für Hochtemperaturanwendungen häufig eingesetzt wird und das relativ teuer ist.The weight gain by oxidation is measured and compared to the results of other high temperature resistant materials. In FIG. 3 the results are put together. Again, it can be seen from the comparison that the casting according to the invention has the same good oxidation behavior as a nickel and chromium alloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron (GJSA-XNiSiCr-35-5-2), which is frequently used for high-temperature applications and which is relatively expensive.

Figur 4 zeigt eine mikroskopische Aufnahme der erfindungsgemässen Beschichtung. Figur 5 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus der Aufnahme von Figur 4. Beide Aufnahmen wurden aufgenommen nach einer Auslagerung von 154 Stunden an Luft bei 700 °C. FIG. 4 shows a micrograph of the inventive coating. FIG. 5 shows a section of the recording of FIG. 4 , Both images were taken after aging for 154 hours in air at 700 ° C.

Claims (15)

Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang mechanisch und chemisch gereinigt wird und dass das Gussformteil zur Beschichtung in eine Schmelze einer aluminiumhaltigen Legierung eingetaucht wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting, characterized in that the casting is mechanically and chemically cleaned before the coating process and that the casting is immersed for coating in a melt of an aluminum-containing alloy. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mechanische Reinigung des Gussformteiles mittels Reinigungsstrahlen durchgeführt wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical cleaning of the casting is carried out by means of cleaning jets. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach dem Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem mechanischen Reinigungsvorgang und unmittelbar vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang das Gussformteil mit einer Säurelösung vorbehandelt wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after the mechanical cleaning process and immediately before the coating process, the casting mold is pretreated with an acid solution. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aluminiumhaltige Legierung mindestens 51.5 Gew. % Al, 6.0 bis 17.2 Gew. % Si, 0.1 bis 14.2 Gew. % Fe, 0.1 bis 7.2 Gew. % Zn, 0.1 bis 5.0 Gew. % Mn, 0.05 bis 4.0 Gew. % Cu und 0.05 bis 0.9 Gew. % Mg enthält.A process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aluminum-containing alloy at least 51.5 wt.% Al, 6.0 to 17.2 wt.% Si, 0.1 to 14.2 wt.% Fe, 0.1 to 7.2 wt. % Zn, 0.1 to 5.0 wt% Mn, 0.05 to 4.0 wt% Cu and 0.05 to 0.9 wt% Mg. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aluminiumhaltige Legierung mindestens 98 Gew. % Al enthält.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the aluminum-containing alloy contains at least 98 wt.% Al. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schmelze eine Badtemperatur zwischen 650 und 800 °C aufweist.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the melt has a bath temperature between 650 and 800 ° C. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintauchzeit 2 bis 6 Minuten beträgt und dass die Schichtdicke der Beschichtung zwischen 50 und 500 µm beträgt.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the immersion time is 2 to 6 minutes and that the layer thickness of the coating is between 50 and 500 μm. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil vor dem Beschichtungsvorgang eine Temperatur zwischen der Raumtemperatur und 200 °C und nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang eine Temperatur zwischen 200 °C und der Badtemperatur aufweist.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the casting has a temperature between the room temperature and 200 ° C and after the coating process has a temperature between 200 ° C and the bath temperature before the coating process. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil nach dem Beschichtungsvorgang einer Wärmebehandlung in einer oxidierenden Atmosphäre unterzogen wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the casting is subjected to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere after the coating process. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil nach der Wärmebehandlung einer anodischen Oxidation unterzogen wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the casting is subjected to anodization after the heat treatment. Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung eines Gussformteiles nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil nach der anodischen Oxidation eingefärbt wird.Process for the metallic coating of a casting according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the casting is colored after the anodic oxidation. Aluminisiertes Gussformteil hergestellt durch ein Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu beschichtende Gussformteil aus Gusseisen mit Lamellengraphit, aus Gusseisen mit Vermikulargraphit, aus Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, aus Temperguss, aus einer Aluminiumlegierung oder aus einer Magnesiumlegierung aufgebaut ist.Aluminized casting produced by a process according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casting to be coated is made of lamellar graphite cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, malleable cast iron, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy , Aluminisiertes Gussformteil hergestellt durch ein Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil bei Temperaturen über 500 °C im Fahrzeugbau, beispielsweise als Turboladergehäuse oder Auslasskrümmer eingesetzt wird.Aluminized casting produced by a process according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casting is used at temperatures above 500 ° C in vehicle construction, for example as a turbocharger housing or exhaust manifold. Aluminisiertes Gussformteil hergestellt durch ein Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil bei korrosiven Umgebungsbedingungen im Fahrzeugbau eingesetzt wird.Aluminized casting produced by a process according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casting is used in corrosive environmental conditions in vehicle construction. Aluminisiertes Gussformteil hergestellt durch ein Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gussformteil im Fahrzeugbau in Bereichen, welche gut von Aussen einsehbar sind, eingesetzt wird.Aluminized casting produced by a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casting is used in vehicle construction in areas that are well visible from the outside.
EP09173138A 2009-10-15 2009-10-15 Method for metallic coating of a casting mould part and aluminized casting mould part produced according to the method Withdrawn EP2312011A1 (en)

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