EP2307120A1 - Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream - Google Patents

Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream

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Publication number
EP2307120A1
EP2307120A1 EP09776842A EP09776842A EP2307120A1 EP 2307120 A1 EP2307120 A1 EP 2307120A1 EP 09776842 A EP09776842 A EP 09776842A EP 09776842 A EP09776842 A EP 09776842A EP 2307120 A1 EP2307120 A1 EP 2307120A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
absorbent
gas stream
detergent
physical
acid gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09776842A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Johannes Menzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Uhde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde GmbH filed Critical Uhde GmbH
Publication of EP2307120A1 publication Critical patent/EP2307120A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/308—Carbonoxysulfide COS
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/408—Cyanides, e.g. hydrogen cyanide (HCH)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like, wherein the acid gases from the gas stream are absorbed by at least one absorbent and wherein as absorbent a mixture of a physical detergent, a chemical detergent and water is used.
  • DE 10 2005 050 385 A1 discloses a method for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams.
  • the absorbent used is a mixture of a primary or secondary amine in an aqueous solution, a physical solvent (for example acetylmorpholine, N-formylmorpholine) and optionally other amines.
  • the proportion of morpholine in the absorbent is up to 25 wt .-%.
  • a disadvantage of the known processes, especially when there are high sour gas partial pressures, is that the proportion of the physically active absorbent must be reduced by the proportion of the chemical detergent and the water in the absorbent, so that the capacity of the physically acting absorption medium is reduced.
  • a further disadvantage is that due to the water content in the absorbent, especially at high sour gas partial pressures, increasing corrosion in the devices in which the processes are carried out can be expected.
  • the invention has the technical problem of providing a method with which sour gas components can be easily and easily removed from a gas stream and with which the above-described corrosion problems are reliably avoided.
  • the invention teaches a method for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the absorbent more than 70 wt .-% of the physical detergent and contains at most 5 wt .-% of water that is used as a physical detergent, a morpholine derivative and that a chemical detergent is used based on at least one aliphatic amine compound.
  • acid gases or sour gas components include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrocyanic acid (HCN), hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S), carbon disulphide (CS 2 ), carbonyl sulphide (COS) and mercaptans.
  • the sour gas-containing gas stream is passed through an absorber column, in which the liquid absorbent flows counter to the gas stream.
  • the absorbent By the opposite directions of flow of the acid gas-containing gas stream and the absorbent intimate mixing of the gas or gas stream and the absorbent is achieved, so that the sour gas components are absorbed by the absorbent.
  • the regeneration of the absorbent is conveniently carried out in a stripping column.
  • the absorbent largely contains at least one physical detergent. It is possible that the physical detergent consists of one and preferably two morpholine derivatives. Also, a plurality or a plurality of morpholine derivatives may be contained in the physical detergent.
  • the chemical detergent contains at least one aliphatic amine compound.
  • the combination of the physical detergent and the chemical detergent makes it possible to absorb acid gases, in particular H 2 S, down to the ppm range.
  • the chemical detergent contains at least two amine compounds.
  • the absorbent contains more than 80% by weight of the physical detergent. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the absorbent contains about 85% to about 98%, and more preferably about 95%, by weight of the physical detergent.
  • the aim is a low water content of the absorbent.
  • the absorbent contains less than 3% by weight of water. It is within the scope of the invention that the absorbent has a water content of about 1 wt .-% or even less than 1 wt .-%.
  • the absorbent may contain from 0.1% to 30% by weight of the aliphatic amine compounds, with a proportion of the aliphatic amine compounds of from 0.1% to 25% by weight being particularly advantageous. According to a preferred embodiment, the absorbent contains up to 10% by weight of the aliphatic amine compound, in particular up to 5% by weight of the aliphatic amine compound. The percentages by weight of the physical detergent contained in the absorbent, of the water and of the chemical detergent or of the aliphatic amine compound always add up to 100% by weight.
  • NFM N-formylmorpholine
  • NAM N-acetylmorpholine
  • the absorbent is largely a mixture of NFM and NAM.
  • the amine compound has at least one component selected from the group "methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), diethanolamine (DEA), polyethylene glycol-substituted amine". It is recommended that the amine and expediently carries two polyethylene glycol substituents. It is also possible that the amine is provided with three polyethylene glycol substituents.
  • the invention is based on the finding that with the process according to the invention, acid gases are simply and reliably removed from a gas stream. It is essential to the invention that a removal of the acid gases is functionally reliable down to the ppm range. It has been found that the method according to the invention can be used for a large number of gas streams with different sour gas components and sour gas compositions. Furthermore, synthesis gas, in particular acid-converted synthesis gas, can be desulfurized with the process according to the invention in a surprisingly selective manner, thus achieving more selective and less expensive desulfurization than a purely physical solvent.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the height of the absorber or stripper columns can be significantly reduced by means of the method according to the invention in comparison with the methods known from practice. Furthermore, the process according to the invention, in particular in the selective desulfurization of synthesis gases behind an acidic conversion, has an unexpectedly low amount of solvent circulation. It has have shown that the partial pressure differences for the physical absorption of the acid gases or of the acid gas components in the absorbent according to the invention are favorably influenced by the addition of the amine compound. In this way, particularly difficult to remove sulfur compounds can be reliably absorbed from the gas stream. It should be noted that the low water content ensures that corrosion in installations in which the method according to the invention is carried out is reliably avoided.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like, wherein the acid gases are absorbed from the gas stream by at least one absorbent. The absorbent used is a mixture of a physical scrubbing medium, a chemical scrubbing medium and water. The absorbent comprises more than 60% by weight of the physical scrubbing medium, wherein the physical scrubbing medium used is a morpholine derivative and a chemical scrubbing medium based on at least one aliphatic amine compound is used.

Description

Verfahren zum Entfernen von Sauergasen aus einem Gasstrom Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream
Beschreibung:Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von Sauergasen aus einem Gasstrom, insbesondere aus einem Erdgasstrom, Synthesegasstrom oder dergleichen, wobei die Sauergase aus dem Gasstrom von zumindest einem Absorbens absorbiert werden und wobei als Absorbens eine Mischung aus einem physikalischen Waschmittel, einem chemischen Waschmittel und Wasser verwendet wird.The invention relates to a method for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like, wherein the acid gases from the gas stream are absorbed by at least one absorbent and wherein as absorbent a mixture of a physical detergent, a chemical detergent and water is used.
Aus der Praxis sind Verfahren zur Entfernung von Sauergasen aus Gasströmen bekannt. Dabei hat es sich bewährt, in einer Stripperkolonne beispielsweise einem Erdgasstrom durch physikalisch wirkende Absorptionsmittel die Sauergase zu entziehen. Auf diese Weise kann der Hauptteil der Sauergaskomponenten aus dem Gasstrom entfernt werden. Nachteilig bei den aus der Praxis bekannten Verfahren ist allerdings, dass eine geforderte, nahezu vollständige Entfernung der Sauergaskomponenten mit den vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren nur unter einem unverhältnismäßig hohen Aufwand möglich ist. Dies meint insbesondere, dass ein hoher Waschflüssigkeitsumlauf und/oder große Packungshöhen in einer Absorber- bzw. Stripperkolonne erforderlich sind. Weiterhin sind aus der Praxis Verfahren bekannt, bei denen Waschmittel eingesetzt werden, die ein physikalisch wirkendes Absorptionsmittei sowie ein chemisch wirkendes Waschmittel und Wasser enthalten.From practice, methods for the removal of acid gases from gas streams are known. It has proven useful to extract the acid gases in a stripping column, for example, a natural gas stream through physically acting absorbents. In this way, the main part of the sour gas components can be removed from the gas stream. A disadvantage of the methods known from practice, however, is that a required, almost complete removal of sour gas components with the methods described above is possible only at a disproportionately high cost. This means, in particular, that a high volume of washing liquid and / or large packing heights are required in an absorber or stripping column. Furthermore, methods are known in practice in which detergents are used which contain a physically acting Absorptionsmittei and a chemically acting detergent and water.
Aus DE 10 2005 050 385 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von Kohlendioxid aus Gasströmen bekannt. Als Absorptionsmittel wird eine Mischung aus einem primären oder sekundären Amin in einer wässrigen Lösung, einem physikalischen Lösungsmittel (beispielsweise Acetylmorpholin, N-Formylmorpholin) und gegebenenfalls weiteren Aminen eingesetzt. Der Anteil des Morpholins im Absorptionsmittel beträgt bis zu 25 Gew.-%. Nachteilig an den bekannten Verfahren, insbesondere wenn hohe Sauergas- partialdrücke vorliegen, ist, dass durch den Anteil des chemischen Waschmittels und des Wassers in dem Absorbens der Anteil des physikalisch wirkenden Absorptionsmittels reduziert werden muss, so dass die Kapazität des physikalisch wirkenden Absorptionsmittels reduziert wird. Weiterhin nachteilig ist, dass durch den Wasseranteil in dem Absorbens insbesondere bei hohen Sauergaspartial- drücken mit zunehmender Korrosion in den Vorrichtungen, in denen die Verfahren durchgeführt werden, zu rechnen ist.DE 10 2005 050 385 A1 discloses a method for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams. The absorbent used is a mixture of a primary or secondary amine in an aqueous solution, a physical solvent (for example acetylmorpholine, N-formylmorpholine) and optionally other amines. The proportion of morpholine in the absorbent is up to 25 wt .-%. A disadvantage of the known processes, especially when there are high sour gas partial pressures, is that the proportion of the physically active absorbent must be reduced by the proportion of the chemical detergent and the water in the absorbent, so that the capacity of the physically acting absorption medium is reduced. A further disadvantage is that due to the water content in the absorbent, especially at high sour gas partial pressures, increasing corrosion in the devices in which the processes are carried out can be expected.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem Sauergaskomponenten einfach und problemlos aus einem Gasstrom entfernt werden können und mit dem die vorstehend beschriebenen Korrosionsprobleme zuverlässig vermieden werden.In contrast, the invention has the technical problem of providing a method with which sour gas components can be easily and easily removed from a gas stream and with which the above-described corrosion problems are reliably avoided.
Zur Lösung des technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von Sauergasen aus einem Gasstrom, insbesondere aus einem Erdgasstrom, Synthesegasstrom oder dergleichen der eingangs genannten Art, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Absorbens mehr als 70 Gew.-% des physikalischen Waschmittels und maximal 5 Gew.-% Wasser enthält, dass als physikalisches Waschmittel ein Morpholin-Derivat eingesetzt wird und dass ein chemisches Waschmittel auf der Basis zumindest einer aliphatischen Aminverbindung verwendet wird. Sauergase bzw. Sauergaskomponenten meint im Rahmen άer Erfindung u.a. Kohlenmonoxid (CO), Kohlendioxid (CO2), Blausäure (HCN), Schwefelwasserstoff (H2S), Schwefelkohlenstoff (CS2), Kohlenoxidsulfid (COS) und Mercaptane. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der sauergashaltige Gasstrom durch eine Absorberkolonne geleitet, in der das flüssige Absorbens dem Gasstrom entgegenströmt. Durch die gegensinnigen Strömungsrichtungen des sauergashaltigen Gasstroms und des Absorbens wird eine innige Durchmischung des Gases bzw. Gasstromes und des Absorbens erreicht, so dass die Sauergaskomponenten von dem Absorbens absorbiert werden. Die Regeneration des Absorbens erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise in einer Stripperkolonne. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das Absorbens größtenteils zumindest ein physikalisches Waschmittel enthält. Es ist möglich, dass das physikalische Waschmittel aus einem und vorzugsweise zwei Morpholin-Derivaten besteht. Es können auch eine Vielzahl bzw. eine Mehrzahl von Morpholin-Derivaten in dem physikalischen Waschmittel enthalten sein.To solve the technical problem, the invention teaches a method for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the absorbent more than 70 wt .-% of the physical detergent and contains at most 5 wt .-% of water that is used as a physical detergent, a morpholine derivative and that a chemical detergent is used based on at least one aliphatic amine compound. In the context of the invention, acid gases or sour gas components include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrocyanic acid (HCN), hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S), carbon disulphide (CS 2 ), carbonyl sulphide (COS) and mercaptans. Conveniently, the sour gas-containing gas stream is passed through an absorber column, in which the liquid absorbent flows counter to the gas stream. By the opposite directions of flow of the acid gas-containing gas stream and the absorbent intimate mixing of the gas or gas stream and the absorbent is achieved, so that the sour gas components are absorbed by the absorbent. The regeneration of the absorbent is conveniently carried out in a stripping column. It is within the scope of the invention that the absorbent largely contains at least one physical detergent. It is possible that the physical detergent consists of one and preferably two morpholine derivatives. Also, a plurality or a plurality of morpholine derivatives may be contained in the physical detergent.
Gemäß des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens enthält das chemische Waschmittel zumindest eine aliphatische Aminverbindung. Durch die Kombination des physikalischen Waschmittels und des chemischen Waschmittels gelingt die Absorption von Sauergasen, insbesondere von H2S, bis in den ppm-Bereich. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens enthält das chemische Waschmittel zumindest zwei Aminverbindungen.According to the method of the invention, the chemical detergent contains at least one aliphatic amine compound. The combination of the physical detergent and the chemical detergent makes it possible to absorb acid gases, in particular H 2 S, down to the ppm range. According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the chemical detergent contains at least two amine compounds.
Es empfiehlt sich, dass das Absorbens mehr als 80 Gew.-% des physikalischen Waschmittels enthält. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens enthält das Absorbens ungefähr 85 Gew.-% bis ungefähr 98 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt ungefähr 95 Gew.-% des physikalischen Waschmittels.It is recommended that the absorbent contains more than 80% by weight of the physical detergent. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the absorbent contains about 85% to about 98%, and more preferably about 95%, by weight of the physical detergent.
Angestrebt wird ein geringer Wassergehalt des Absorbens. Vorzugsweise sind in dem Absorbens weniger als 3 Gew.-% Wasser enthalten. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das Absorbens einen Wasseranteil von ungefähr 1 Gew.-% oder sogar weniger als 1 Gew.-% aufweist.The aim is a low water content of the absorbent. Preferably, the absorbent contains less than 3% by weight of water. It is within the scope of the invention that the absorbent has a water content of about 1 wt .-% or even less than 1 wt .-%.
Das Absorbens kann 0,1 Gew.-% bis 30 Gew.-% der aliphatischen Aminverbindungen enthalten, wobei ein Anteil der aliphatischen Aminverbindungen von 0,1 Gew.-% bis 25 Gew.-% besonders vorteilhaft ist. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält das Absorbens bis zu 10 Gew.-% der aliphatischen Aminverbindung, insbesondere bis zu 5 Gew.-% der aliphatischen Aminverbindung. Die Gew.-%-Angaben des in dem Absorbens enthaltenen physikalischen Waschmittels, des Wassers und dem chemischen Waschmittels bzw. der aliphatischen Aminverbindung addieren sich stets zu 100 Gew.-%.The absorbent may contain from 0.1% to 30% by weight of the aliphatic amine compounds, with a proportion of the aliphatic amine compounds of from 0.1% to 25% by weight being particularly advantageous. According to a preferred embodiment, the absorbent contains up to 10% by weight of the aliphatic amine compound, in particular up to 5% by weight of the aliphatic amine compound. The percentages by weight of the physical detergent contained in the absorbent, of the water and of the chemical detergent or of the aliphatic amine compound always add up to 100% by weight.
Als physikalisches Waschmittel zur Verwendung im Absorbens sind insbesondere N-Formylmorpholin (NFM) und/oder N-Acetylmorpholin (NAM) geeignet. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht das Absorbens größtenteils aus einer Mischung aus NFM und NAM.As physical detergent for use in the absorbent, in particular N-formylmorpholine (NFM) and / or N-acetylmorpholine (NAM) are suitable. In a preferred embodiment, the absorbent is largely a mixture of NFM and NAM.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Aminverbindung zumindest eine Komponente aufweist, die aus der Gruppe "Methyldiethanolamin (MDEA), Diethanolamin (DEA), Polyethylenglycol-substituiertes Amin" ausgewählt ist. Es empfiehlt sich, dass das Amin ein und zweckmäßigerweise zwei Polyethylen- glycol-Substituenten trägt. Es ist auch möglich, dass das Amin mit drei PoIy- ethylenglycol-Substituenten versehen ist.It is within the scope of the invention that the amine compound has at least one component selected from the group "methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), diethanolamine (DEA), polyethylene glycol-substituted amine". It is recommended that the amine and expediently carries two polyethylene glycol substituents. It is also possible that the amine is provided with three polyethylene glycol substituents.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Sauergase aus einem Gasstrom einfach und zuverlässig entfernt werden. Wesentlich an der Erfindung ist, dass eine Entfernung der Sauergase bis in den ppm-Bereich funktionssicher erfolgt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren für eine Vielzahl von Gasströmen mit unterschiedlichen Sauergasanteilen und Sauergaszusammensetzungen anwendbar ist. Fernerhin kann mit dem erfindungsgernäßen Verfahren Synthesegas, vor allem sauerkonvertiertes Synthesegas überraschend selektiv entschwefelt werden, womit gegenüber einem rein physikalischen Lösungsmittel eine selektivere und kostengünstigere Entschwefelung gelingt.The invention is based on the finding that with the process according to the invention, acid gases are simply and reliably removed from a gas stream. It is essential to the invention that a removal of the acid gases is functionally reliable down to the ppm range. It has been found that the method according to the invention can be used for a large number of gas streams with different sour gas components and sour gas compositions. Furthermore, synthesis gas, in particular acid-converted synthesis gas, can be desulfurized with the process according to the invention in a surprisingly selective manner, thus achieving more selective and less expensive desulfurization than a purely physical solvent.
Weiterhin liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die Höhe der Absorber - bzw. Stripperkolonnen mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gegenüber den aus der Praxis bekannten Verfahren deutlich verringert werden kann. Weiterhin kommt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, insbesondere bei der selektiven Entschwefelung von Synthesegasen hinter einer sauren Konvertierung, mit einer unerwartet geringen Lösungsmittelumlaufmenge aus. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Partialdruckdifferenzen für die physikalische Absorption der Sauergase bzw. der Sauergaskomponenten in dem erfindungsgemäßen Absorbens durch den Zusatz der Aminverbindung günstig beeinflusst werden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich insbesondere schwer entfernbare Schwefelverbindungen zuverlässig aus dem Gasstrom absorbieren. Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass durch den geringen Wassergehalt sichergestellt wird, dass Korrosion in Anlagen, in denen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchgeführt wird, zuverlässig vermieden wird. Furthermore, the invention is based on the finding that the height of the absorber or stripper columns can be significantly reduced by means of the method according to the invention in comparison with the methods known from practice. Furthermore, the process according to the invention, in particular in the selective desulfurization of synthesis gases behind an acidic conversion, has an unexpectedly low amount of solvent circulation. It has have shown that the partial pressure differences for the physical absorption of the acid gases or of the acid gas components in the absorbent according to the invention are favorably influenced by the addition of the amine compound. In this way, particularly difficult to remove sulfur compounds can be reliably absorbed from the gas stream. It should be noted that the low water content ensures that corrosion in installations in which the method according to the invention is carried out is reliably avoided.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Verfahren zum Entfernen von Sauergasen aus einem Gasstrom, insbesondere aus einem Erdgasstrom, Synthesegasstrom oder dergleichen, wobei die Sauergase aus dem Gasstrom von zumindest einem Absorbens absorbiert werden und wobei als Absorbens eine Mischung aus einem physikalischen Waschmittel, einem chemischen Waschmittel und Wasser verwendet wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass das Absorbens mehr als 70 Gew.-% des physikalischen Waschmittels und maximal 5 Gew.-% Wasser enthält, dass als physikalisches Waschmittel ein Morpholin-Derivat eingesetzt wird dass und ein chemisches Waschmittel auf der Basis zumindest einer aliphatischen Amin- verbindung verwendet wird.A method for removing acid gases from a gas stream, in particular from a natural gas stream, synthesis gas stream or the like, wherein the acid gases are absorbed from the gas stream of at least one absorbent and wherein as the absorbent, a mixture of a physical detergent, a chemical detergent and water is used , characterized in that the absorbent contains more than 70% by weight of the physical detergent and a maximum of 5% by weight of water, that the physical detergent used is a morpholine derivative and a chemical detergent based on at least one aliphatic amine compound is used.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Absorbens mehr als 80 Gew.-% des physikalischen Waschmittels enthält.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbent contains more than 80 wt .-% of the physical detergent.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Absorbens weniger als 3 Gew.-% Wasser enthalten sind.3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the absorbent less than 3 wt .-% water are included.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Absorbens 0,1 Gew.-% bis 25 Gew.-% der aliphatischen Aminverbindung, vorzugsweise 0,1 Gew.-% bis 10 Gew.-% der aliphatischen Aminverbindung, enthalten sind.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the absorbent 0.1 wt .-% to 25 wt .-% of the aliphatic amine compound, preferably 0.1 wt .-% to 10 wt .-% of aliphatic amine compound.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest N-Formylmorpholin (NFM) und/oder N-Acetylmorpholin (NAM) als physikalisches Waschmittel in dem Absorbens enthalten sind.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least N-formylmorpholine (NFM) and / or N-acetylmorpholine (NAM) are contained as a physical detergent in the absorbent.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Amin zumindest eine Komponente aufweist, die aus der Gruppe "Methyl- diethanolamin (MDEA), Diethanolamin (DEA), Polyethylenglycol-substituiertes Amin" ausgewählt ist. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the amine has at least one component selected from the group "methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), diethanolamine (DEA), polyethylene glycol-substituted amine".
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Absorbens zur selektiven Entschwefelung eines sauer konvertierten Synthesegases genutzt wird. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the absorbent is used for the selective desulfurization of an acid-converted synthesis gas.
EP09776842A 2008-07-07 2009-06-26 Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream Withdrawn EP2307120A1 (en)

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DE102008031552A DE102008031552A1 (en) 2008-07-07 2008-07-07 Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream
PCT/EP2009/004609 WO2010003558A1 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-06-26 Process for removing acid gases from a gas stream

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RU2506985C2 (en) 2014-02-20
BRPI0915687A2 (en) 2019-09-24
AU2009267461A1 (en) 2010-01-14
CN102089061A (en) 2011-06-08
US8702846B2 (en) 2014-04-22
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CA2729862A1 (en) 2010-01-14
RU2011104093A (en) 2012-08-20

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