EP2305557A2 - Roue à palettes dotée de palettes rotatives et procédé de réglage des palettes - Google Patents

Roue à palettes dotée de palettes rotatives et procédé de réglage des palettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2305557A2
EP2305557A2 EP10401129A EP10401129A EP2305557A2 EP 2305557 A2 EP2305557 A2 EP 2305557A2 EP 10401129 A EP10401129 A EP 10401129A EP 10401129 A EP10401129 A EP 10401129A EP 2305557 A2 EP2305557 A2 EP 2305557A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
water
blade
paddle wheel
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10401129A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2305557A3 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Nescholta
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102009026382A external-priority patent/DE102009026382A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2305557A2 publication Critical patent/EP2305557A2/fr
Publication of EP2305557A3 publication Critical patent/EP2305557A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/04—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction
    • B63H1/06—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades
    • B63H1/08—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction with adjustable vanes or blades with cyclic adjustment

Definitions

  • Paddle wheel with rotating blades as a propulsion device for inland vessels and method for the position of the rotating blades.
  • Paddle wheels with moving blades are known in various designs.
  • the DE 3544881 C2 also describes a water wheel with movable blades and rotatably mounted guide ring, in which the blades are held by double crank gear in a vertical position.
  • the DE 434768 shows a paddle wheel, wherein the blade is rotatably mounted below the center and can move up between two fixed stops. By twisting arise when emerging from the water more favorable angles of attack, which lead to improved efficiency.
  • the DE 709253 relates to a vertical axis paddle wheel with paddle adjustable blades.
  • a vertical axis paddle wheel is also from the DE 709253 known, wherein actuators control the blade position.
  • the US 5,297,933 discloses a paddle wheel in which the position of the blades is connected by blades Weights are carried out.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a paddle wheel, which ensures that the blades according to the respective phase occupy an optimal hydrodynamic conditions position.
  • the blades press water when immersing down and lift water on the water line when emerging.
  • the blades can yield against the advancing direction.
  • the blades are at an angle of> 90 degrees to the water surface in the propulsion direction.
  • the paddle wheels can thus be built smaller with the same power. At the same time, the paddle wheels can be efficiently operated thereby and due to the better drainage behavior with higher rotational speeds, which further increases the drive power.
  • Claim 2 shows an alternative to claim 1 embodiment, which is that the blades are brought into a rearwardly inclined position during immersion and emergence. In between, the blades take the optimal vertical position for propulsion.
  • This solution with continuous blade guidance does not provide the free swinging back as in claim 1.
  • the continuous guidance of the blades should come as close as possible to self-adjusting blade angle according to claim 1.
  • the braking losses during entry and emergence are reduced and the mechanical components for free swinging back can be omitted. Due to the steady guidance resulting from the free swinging of the blades impact noises are avoided.
  • the blades are brought into a relation to the circumferential line of the blade wheel tangential position and form in this area a nearly closed cylinder jacket.
  • the tangential position prevents water droplets located on the blades or air contained in the blade wheel from being accelerated by centrifugal forces and thus lost as drive energy for the blade wheel.
  • the pressure conditions within the blade wheel can be specifically influenced.
  • the space requirement of the paddle wheel is reduced.
  • the movement of the blades can be realized so that the blades are always acted upon by the same side or mutually.
  • the blade shaft When alternately applied, the blade shaft must be in the middle of the blade. With a full bucket wheel revolution, the blade shafts, including blades, perform only half a turn.
  • Claim 4 describes the characteristics of a paddle wheel according to method claim 1
  • claim 5 describes the characteristics of a paddle wheel according to claim 2
  • claim 6 the features of a paddle wheel according to claim 3.
  • the paddle wheel is characterized in that the rotatably mounted blades are provided by an adjusting lever, wherein the adjusting lever with the guide element on a relative to the paddle wheel fixed guide rail is guided.
  • the shape of the guide rail (s) provides the motion program for controlling the position of the blades.
  • the movement program is to be understood as meaning that the position, ie the angle of the blades depending on the actual position on the paddle wheel, during immersion, in the area of complete immersion, during emergence and in the return phase is specified outside the water.
  • the blade levers may, for example, be connected directly to the blade or via a shaft. In this case, the adjusting lever can be aligned as the blade or at an angle to the blade connected to this. Due to the shape of the guide rails, it is possible to realize free movement programs for the blade position.
  • guide rails are arranged on one side, the opposite side or on both sides of the guide element. It is possible to limit the mobility of the blades in one direction by a one-sided guide rail and release in the other direction (stop). By arranged on both sides of the guide lever guide rails, the exact position of the guide lever and thus the blade can be specified. The distances between the two guide rails allow a corresponding play of the blades proportional to the distance of the guide rails.
  • a guide roller has e.g. compared to a guide pin on the advantage that friction and wear are less.
  • the guide element is a rotatably connected to the adjusting lever and biased by a spring rocker, wherein at the ends of the rocker respectively guide rollers are arranged.
  • the bias is achieved that one guide roller on one of the guide rails and the other guide roller rolls on the other guide rail with each pressure along.
  • the guide rails can be made with a distance from each other and thus a clamping of the guide rollers can be safely avoided without it due to the game can come to any reciprocation with appropriate noise.
  • the guide rails are displaceable in or out of the sphere of action of the guide elements.
  • the displaceability of the guide rails or individual sections of guide rails makes it possible to change the movement program.
  • the reverse drive rail sections are moved into the sphere of action of the guide elements and thus a corresponding limit for the reverse drive can be established.
  • individual rail sections can be moved for possibly adapted to corresponding operating conditions blade positions.
  • stop elements are connected to the adjusting levers, wherein the blades abut against the stop elements. This prevents that the force, in particular in the work area, must be completely transmitted by the blade shafts.
  • the paddle wheel can be made lighter in weight.
  • the stop elements are pivotable, so that they can be pivoted in or out of the effective range of the blades. This obstruction by the Schaufelradwangen can be avoided.
  • the control of the attacks can be done by an existing or additional guide rail.
  • the blades and other parts with water contact on a hydrophobic surface, which ensures rapid drainage of the water, thereby preventing the efficiency-reducing entrainment of water.
  • the height of the paddle wheel with respect to the hull is variable. This offers the possibility to optimize the immersion depth of the blades depending on the draft due to the loading condition of the ship. At the same time it is possible to reduce the depth of immersion of the impeller to navigate the waters at low water, albeit not with the optimum Schaufelradativianae anyway.
  • the height adjustment is easily realized by a crank-like pivot shaft.
  • FIG. 1 the paddle wheel 3 is shown in side view.
  • the blades 1a to 1f are rotatably mounted above the center with a blade shaft 9 on the two Schaufelradwangen 4 of the blade wheel 3.
  • the blade shaft 9 may be arranged in each case in the middle of the blades 1.
  • all blade embodiments, such as curved or aerodynamic come next to the flat blades 1 shown shaped, in question.
  • the blades 1a to 1f may be angled or provided with weights in the upper region.
  • the paddle wheel 3 rotates about the paddlewheel shaft 10.
  • the letters af at the reference numerals indicate the position of the paddles 1 in the individual phases of paddlewheel rotation.
  • the position of the blades 1a to 1f corresponds to claims 1 to 4.
  • the blade 1a dips approximately perpendicularly into the water 2, for example a river. The following description is based on the direction of rotation DR.
  • the horizontal component of the blade speed is less than the relative speed of the blade wheel 3 with respect to the water 2, so that the blade 1b is moved by the water 2, see arrow, and an angle A to the water surface of> 90 degrees occupies.
  • the blade 1c but aligns quickly perpendicular to the water surface WL, being limited by the actuator in the direction of advance to 90 degrees.
  • the blades 1e After the blades 1e have emerged completely out of the water 2, they move into a tangential position relative to the blade wheel 3. By this position, the space requirement of the blade wheel 3 is reduced. At the same time energy losses are avoided, which would otherwise be transferred by centrifugal forces on water residues or the air. It is de facto a centrifugal pumping or fan effect of the blade wheel 3 is suppressed.
  • the blade 1f to 1a preferably rotates inwards by about 110 degrees, see arrow, so that it again assumes an approximately vertical position to the water surface WL immediately before immersion.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the adjusting device for the blades 1a to 1f, consisting of adjusting levers 5a, 5b with guide elements 6 and guide rails 7a to 7d.
  • the blade 1b, 1c, 1d can assume an angle A greater than or equal to 90 degrees to the water surface WL in the advancing direction VR.
  • the blades 1a to 1f are rotatably supported by blade shafts 9 in the Schaufelradwangen 4.
  • the blades 1c to 1e are connected to adjusting levers 5a, 5b, each having a guide roller 6.
  • the levers 5a, 5b and thus the blades 1a to 1f are aligned by guide rails 7a to 7d fixed with respect to the N-wheel 3.
  • the effective levers 5a are arranged in the working area (in the water 2) approximately at right angles to the blade 1c.
  • the guide rail 7a may be attached directly or indirectly to the hull.
  • the angle A of the blade position can be greater than or equal to 90 degrees be limited.
  • the guide rail 7b can be omitted so that only a one-sided guide rail 7a is present.
  • the blades 1b, 1c, 1d can yield against the advancing direction VR.
  • the guide rail 7a can be optimally positioned according to the force and at the same time a good and verklemmungsbind leadership of the guide elements 6 along the guide rail 7a guaranteed.
  • the design of the guide elements 6 as guide rollers 6 reduces friction, wear, noise and improves the clamp-free guide along the guide rails 7a to 7d so in addition.
  • the shorter guide rail 7b prevents the buckets 1c from yielding against the advancing direction VR, since this is only relevant when the blades 1b and 1d are submerged and extinguished. The fact that a yielding of the blades 1c is prevented, a reverse drive against the advancing direction VR is possible. It may be advantageous, the guide rail 7b slidably, for example, perpendicular to the drawing plane to execute, so that they are needed in the Range of action of the guide lever 5 is displaced. In the area of the emergence of the blade 1d, a second adjusting lever 5b, which is arranged here in the direction of the blade 1d, becomes effective.
  • the force effect can be better absorbed by a positioning lever 5b positioned in the direction of the bucket 1d and guide rail 7c, 7d correspondingly arranged thereon.
  • Both the right-angle lever 5a and arranged in the direction of the blades 1a to 1f adjusting lever 5b can be realized as a unit.
  • the guide rails 7a, 7b with the associated operating area levers 5a from the guide rails 7c, 7d with the outside water control levers 5b, and e.g. to arrange on different sides of the N-wheel 3.
  • the blades 1e assume a tangential position, so that they form a cylinder jacket in this area.
  • the guide elements or guide rollers 6 guide rails 7c, 7d are arranged on both sides, which realize a tangential positive guidance of the blade 1e.
  • the guide rails 7c, 7d are shaped accordingly.
  • the Here effective lever 5b can also be arranged in the blade direction to the opposite shown. Then the guide rails 7c, 7d would be correspondingly different.
  • the outer guide rail 7d allows a retraction of the actuating lever 5a immediately before the immersion of the blade 1b, so that the blade 1b can follow the flow due to the low horizontal speed and does not have a braking effect.
  • levers 5a, 5b can be arranged as a structural unit as well as on different sides of the N-wheel 3.
  • the arrangement of the adjusting lever 5a, 5b and the guide rails 7 shows a possible embodiment. Other, possibly better arrangements based on this principle are not excluded.
  • FIG. 3 shows a paddle wheel 3 in the side view, which rotates about the Schaufelradwelle 10, wherein the Schaufelradhyroid 4 hold the blade shafts 9 with the rotatable blades 1.
  • the blades 1 are mutually applied here. Therefore, the approximately 90 degree rotation before immersion of the blade (1f in FIG. 1 ) accounted for.
  • the blades 1a, b and 1d When immersed, the blades 1a, b and 1d move at an angle A of> 90 degrees Water surface WL to the rear, since here the horizontal component of the blade movement does not serve for propulsion, but would have a braking effect.
  • the movement of the blades 1a, b and 1d to the rear can again passively be effected by the adjusting flow conditions or actively by the adjusting lever with guide element 6 and guide rails 7 (not shown).
  • the paddle wheel 3 can dip slightly deeper into the water 2.
  • the blade shafts 9 are arranged here in the middle of the blades 1. For a trouble-free mutual application of the blades 1 is possible.
  • FIG. 4 shows the paddle wheel FIG. 3 with the blades 1c in the region of the propulsion and the associated control device from adjusting levers 5a, guide rollers 6 and guide rails 7.
  • the lever 5a active in this area are arranged at right angles to the blade 1c on both sides.
  • the mutual arrangement allows a symmetrical structure and thus the possibility that the blades 1c are acted upon alternately from both sides.
  • the guide rails 7a, which run on both sides of the guide rollers 6, have a circular arc-like shape, wherein the guide rails 7a intersect in the middle. This arrangement guarantees the vertical position of the blades 1c during the propulsion phase.
  • the blades are 1 e above the waterline WL, they are in an approximately tangential position to the periphery of the impeller 3rd brought.
  • the two levers 5b are aligned approximately like the blades 1e.
  • the guide rails 7b have a circular segment path.
  • the levers 5a are rotated to the adjusting levers 5b by about 90. Consequently, the adjusting levers 5a and 5b and correspondingly the guide rails 7a, 7b must be arranged in different planes. This can be realized, for example, by arranging both sides of the blade wheel 3.
  • the continuous guidance of the blades 1a, b, 1d in these phases should be the self-adjusting position of the blades 1a, b, 1d in FIG FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 get as close as possible. Likewise, combinations of the blade control are off FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 realizable.
  • FIG. 5 shows the paddle wheel 3 from behind.
  • the blades 1c to 1e are held by blade shafts 9 in the blade cheeks 4, which are in turn connected to the Schaufelradwelle 10 and driven by them.
  • the blades 1c to 1e are shown differently patterned for clarity and partially obscure. In the upper area, the blades 1e snugly engage the blade wheel 3. In the lower area, the more or less vertical blades 1c, 1d are shown.
  • the adjusting lever 5, not shown, with guide element / guide roller 6 and guide rails 7 are located in a control box 11 so that they are better protected against contamination.
  • the control box 11 is preferably optimized in terms of flow.
  • control boxes 11 can be arranged on both sides.
  • the control box 11 may be integrated into the hull.
  • the passages of the blade shafts 9 through the control box 11, etc. should be sealed with shaft seals (not shown) to prevent ingress of water.
  • a pump (not shown) in the control box 11 penetrating water can be removed.
  • the wear on guide elements, levers and guide rails can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 6 is again a lever 5 with guide rollers 6a, 6b shown as a detail in the area of the emergence of the blade 1d.
  • the blade 1d is located behind the Schaufelradwange 4, in which it is mounted with the blade shaft 9.
  • the adjusting lever 5 combines in itself the right angle to the blade 1d and arranged in the blade direction lever 5. Accordingly, two guide rollers 6a, 6b are arranged. Here is the arranged in the direction of the blade 1d lever 5b FIG. 2 arranged opposite this and is here by the guide roller 6 b effective.
  • the stop 8 ensures that in the work area, in the water, in which the power transmission is large, the force not only by the Shovel shaft 9 must be transmitted.
  • the stop 8 must therefore either pass past the Schaufelradwange 4 or be arranged on the inside of the Schaufelradwange 4. Outside the work area, the stop 8 can be moved by existing or additional guide rails accordingly from the blade area.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a lever 5 with two rotatably connected and loaded with a spring 12 rocker 13, on which the guide rollers 6 are arranged.
  • the spring 12 here a torsionsbelastete coil spring
  • the two guide rollers 6 are pressed against the two opposite guide rails 7.
  • the pressure of the guide rollers 6 rattling noises can be avoided.
  • the distance of the guide rails 7 can be realized larger and thus jamming a single guide roller 6 can be safely avoided. Due to the greater distance of the guide rails 7, the game of blades is greater.
  • a guide roller 6 is fixedly connected to the adjusting lever 5 and the other guide roller 6 resiliently, for example, with a rocker or a clamping lever 13 attached to the lever 5.
  • a guide roller 6 is rigid and the other presses resiliently against the guide rail 7, whereby the same advantages, as described above, are achieved.
  • the adjusting lever 5 As in the water usually at right angles to the blade 1d arranged adjusting lever 5 is effective with guide roller 6a, the adjusting lever 5 here has a corresponding advantageous triangular shape for the transmission. It can be deduced that, as far as appropriate, further guide rollers 6 can be arranged on the adjusting lever 5. Similarly, the guide roller 6b relative to the blade shaft 9 opposite (top) to be positioned. The guide rollers 6 and guide rails 7a, 7c can be arranged in different planes in order to avoid false guides.
  • the guide rails 7a, 7c may have a third dimension, e.g. into or out of the plane of the drawing, e.g. is usable for the control of the stop 11.
  • the blade positions can be changed over the circumference.
  • the paddle wheel 3 is also for the use of hydroelectric power, the media transport and possibly other applications in question.
  • the paddle wheel 3 When anchored or moored at the dock ship, the paddle wheel 3 with a corresponding Generator coupled as a ship mill to be used for energy production.
  • the motor drive e.g. Electric motors or internal combustion engines, in each case via the Schaufelradwelle 10.
  • a motor assembly possibly with gear in the hub area, preferably as an electric hub motor, the blade wheel 3 reduces the space requirement in the watercraft.
  • it is also particularly easy to change the height of the paddle wheel in relation to the hull. With the adaptation of the height, an optimal insertion depth of the blades can always be achieved with a changed loading state of the ship.
  • the hub motor is easily accessible and quickly exchangeable in case of damage.
  • a torque limiter e.g. is provided by a corresponding slip clutch. This prevents the bucket wheel from being damaged by flotsam.
  • the electric power consumption of the motor can be monitored and possibly limited.
  • the torque limitation by e.g. Slip or detent coupling may additionally or alternatively be provided for each blade.
  • the paddle wheel can continue to operate, even if individual blades fail because they are blocked, for example.
  • the paddle wheel or the paddle wheels can be arranged very different, z. B. at the bow, stern, bottom or side flanks of the ship or partially below the waterline WL, wherein the Schaufelradwellen can assume a horizontal, vertical or oblique position to the water surface.
  • the paddle wheels 3 can also protrude partially only with the blades relevant for the propulsion from the hull.
  • the control box can also be arranged above the waterline.
  • an activatable rake can be arranged before the paddle wheel 3. If necessary, the rake is left in front of the impeller in the water and leads the flotsam laterally past the impeller 3.
  • the computing bars are arranged horizontally and obliquely to the direction of travel. The activation of the rake can be done automatically and / or by hand.
  • the blade positions can also be realized by electric motor actuators.
  • a pedal drive is possible.
  • buoyancy bodies for example, the rudder by a design as a hollow body made of aluminum. By boosting the draft of the ship can be reduced.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
EP10401129A 2009-08-14 2010-08-09 Roue à palettes dotée de palettes rotatives et procédé de réglage des palettes Withdrawn EP2305557A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009026382A DE102009026382A1 (de) 2009-07-17 2009-08-14 Schaufelrad mit drehbaren Schaufeln und Verfahren zur Stellung der drehbaren Schaufeln

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2305557A2 true EP2305557A2 (fr) 2011-04-06
EP2305557A3 EP2305557A3 (fr) 2012-12-19

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EP10401129A Withdrawn EP2305557A3 (fr) 2009-08-14 2010-08-09 Roue à palettes dotée de palettes rotatives et procédé de réglage des palettes

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015107557A1 (fr) 2014-01-14 2015-07-23 Fulvio Soldaini Roue à aubes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE340898C (de) * 1920-01-13 1921-09-21 Johann Goldmann Schaufelrad mit beweglichen Schaufeln
DE722084C (de) * 1937-02-10 1942-06-30 Hermann Heinrich Schaufelradpropeller
US3126061A (en) * 1964-03-24 Feathered paddle mechanism with guided eccentric
US5195872A (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-03-23 Morgan Bruce S Paddlewheel apparatus
US20040087224A1 (en) * 2002-01-14 2004-05-06 Hart David Paul Waterpillar

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3126061A (en) * 1964-03-24 Feathered paddle mechanism with guided eccentric
DE340898C (de) * 1920-01-13 1921-09-21 Johann Goldmann Schaufelrad mit beweglichen Schaufeln
DE722084C (de) * 1937-02-10 1942-06-30 Hermann Heinrich Schaufelradpropeller
US5195872A (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-03-23 Morgan Bruce S Paddlewheel apparatus
US20040087224A1 (en) * 2002-01-14 2004-05-06 Hart David Paul Waterpillar

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015107557A1 (fr) 2014-01-14 2015-07-23 Fulvio Soldaini Roue à aubes

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