EP2299453B1 - Elektrische Leitung - Google Patents

Elektrische Leitung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2299453B1
EP2299453B1 EP10009704.7A EP10009704A EP2299453B1 EP 2299453 B1 EP2299453 B1 EP 2299453B1 EP 10009704 A EP10009704 A EP 10009704A EP 2299453 B1 EP2299453 B1 EP 2299453B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
maximum
conductor
designed
insulating sheathing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10009704.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2299453A2 (de
EP2299453A3 (de
Inventor
Helmut Kalb
Markus Schill
Hubert Walheim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leoni Kabel GmbH
Original Assignee
Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH filed Critical Leoni Kabel Holding GmbH
Priority to PL10009704T priority Critical patent/PL2299453T3/pl
Publication of EP2299453A2 publication Critical patent/EP2299453A2/de
Publication of EP2299453A3 publication Critical patent/EP2299453A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2299453B1 publication Critical patent/EP2299453B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
    • H01B7/183—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments forming part of an outer sheath

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical line, in particular signal line.
  • Electrical lines such as signal lines, which are designed only for the transport of low currents, for example, up to 1 A and signal lines up to a maximum of 0.5 A, are used in a variety of areas, including. also in the automotive industry.
  • the document DE 69 819 056 T2 discloses a signal line.
  • FLRY cables are used today, which are referred to as FLRY cables.
  • FLRY lines are described, for example, in DIN 72551 (parts 5 and 6) or ISO 6722 (class A and B).
  • the thickness of the insulation is reduced in these FLRY lines.
  • the nominal cross sections of the electrical conductors have been reduced in recent years. For signal cables today the typical nominal cross-sections are about 0.35 mm 2 .
  • a reduction in the nominal cross-section is also of interest from a cost point of view because of the significantly higher price for copper, the typical conductor material, which has increased in recent years.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electrical line, in particular signal line, which have a reduced conductor cross-section compared to the today's usual lines, especially the so-called FLRY lines, with the same or improved mechanical strength.
  • an electrical line in particular signal line
  • an electrical conductor and a surrounding insulating sheath wherein the sheath consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic and the plastic forms a matrix for this purpose, are embedded in the single-way and distributed short fibers.
  • the conductor preferably a multi-strand stranded wire, in particular of copper, is surrounded directly by the fiber-reinforced insulation jacket. Other layers or an additional cable sheath are usually not provided.
  • the line is usually designed for a given tensile stress, so it must be able to absorb a predetermined tensile force that may occur, for example, when laying the line.
  • short fibers are meant here those fibers which are arranged as individual discrete short pieces, preferably homogeneously distributed in the matrix.
  • the short fibers have lengths of up to 5 mm.
  • the nominal cross section of the conductor is preferably by a factor of 1.5 to 3, partially over it, compared to previous lines, in particular so-called FLRY lines, reduced.
  • the nominal cross section of a conventional FLRY 0.35 line that is, with a nominal cross section of 0.35 mm 2
  • the one described here Signal line therefore generally has in comparison to a line with the same structure except for the use of the fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular a FLRY line eg according to DIN or ISO standard, with the same or improved mechanical (tensile) load by a factor of 1.5 to 3 reduced nominal cross section.
  • a FLRY line eg according to DIN or ISO standard
  • the fiber-reinforced insulation jacket Of particular importance for the assumption of tensile forces through the fiber-reinforced insulation jacket is the special stress-strain behavior of the fiber-reinforced material of the insulation jacket. Decisive here is that the fiber-reinforced insulation material already at a relevant (low) strain, which shows the electrical conduction in a tensile stress, has sufficient tension.
  • the relevant strain range is typically less than 10% strain and, for example, in the range of about 4% strain. That the insulation jacket already has the required tensile strength at these elongation values of ⁇ 10% and in particular about 4%.
  • the fiber-reinforced material By introducing the short fibers into a suitable plastic for the insulation jacket, the fiber-reinforced material usually exhibits a special characteristic in the stress-strain curve with an initially steep increase in the expansion range of a few% until typically at least a local maximum in the relevant strain range is achieved.
  • a stranded conductor of a plurality of individual wires is usually used.
  • stranded conductors with 7 or 19 individual wires are usually used.
  • solid conductors single-core conductor
  • the conductors in today's lines have a nominal cross section typically of about 0.35 mm 2 , 0.5 mm 2 or 0.75 mm 2 .
  • the nominal cross-section of the conductor at a predetermined target current for which the line is designed, adapted to the extent required for the electrical conductivity.
  • the nominal cross section determined by the electrical requirements and at the same time It is also stipulated that therefore the nominal cross section is not chosen larger than is necessary due to the electrical requirements.
  • the nominal cross section in this case is dependent, in particular, on the conductivity of the conductor and therefore on the choice of material and on the current intensity and voltage for which the conductor is provided in use.
  • the short fibers expediently have a length in the range of a maximum of a few millimeters, preferably a maximum of 10 mm and in particular a maximum of 2 mm.
  • the diameter of the fibers is typically in the range of a few 1 .mu.m to a few 100 .mu.m. Such short fibers can be easily processed manufacturing technology.
  • the insulation sheath is produced by extrusion of a plastics material in which the short fibers are already contained prior to extrusion.
  • the insulating jacket therefore nestles directly against the electrical conductor. Due to the extrusion, the fibers have a preferred direction in the longitudinal direction of the conduit in an expedient embodiment. Due to this forced orientation of at least a majority of the fibers, the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the line is positively influenced.
  • the proportion of the fibers is in the range of 0.5 vol.% To a maximum of 10 vol.%, Preferably up to a maximum of about 5 vol% based on the total volume of the insulating material. This allows a good tensile strength while still achieving good insulation properties.
  • the fiber material used is preferably glass fibers with a diameter in the ⁇ m range.
  • other fibers such as polymer fibers, cellulose fibers, carbon fibers, etc. may be provided.
  • their content is preferably in a range of about 0.5 to 10% by volume.
  • the insulation jacket takes over a range of 20 to 80% and in particular more than 40% of the predetermined tensile stress, ie it is for the inclusion of a comparatively large proportion of the predetermined tensile stress designed.
  • the insulating jacket takes over a greater proportion than the electrical conductor
  • the remaining residual tensile stress carries the electrical conductor itself.
  • the predetermined tensile stress is for example up to 500 N and in particular at only about 70 N, ie the line must have a tensile force of 500 N or max Maximum 50 - 100 N can withstand. This means that it must not experience any mechanical damage in such a tensile stress - with the appropriate safety tolerances. The line therefore deforms substantially elastically, only a slight plastic deformation is allowed. This high mechanical tensile strength shows the insulation jacket already in particular in the relevant strain range of less than 10% elongation.
  • the conductor material used is preferably copper.
  • other conductor materials can be used, in particular those with copper increased tensile strength.
  • a method according to claim 11 which provides that is reduced in the design of an electrical line, the nominal cross-section of the conductor compared to a comparable line without fiber-reinforced plastic, taking into account that at least part of a predetermined tensile load is taken over by the fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • a comparable line is understood to mean that the two lines are designed for comparable, in particular the same mechanical (tensile) loads and show the same structure with regard to their architecture / structure.
  • the line differs from the comparable line in particular only by the insulating jacket (fiber-reinforced) and by the reduced conductor and preferably also cable diameter.
  • An electrical line 2 comprises in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 an electrical stranded conductor 4, which is formed from a total of seven individual wires 6.
  • the individual wires 6 are stranded with one another and consist, for example, of copper.
  • the stranded conductor 4 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 8, in which - here only greatly simplified and shown schematically - short fibers 10 are embedded in a plastic matrix 12. If a smooth outer surface without fiber content is desired or required, a fiber-free plastic skin is preferably provided around the insulation jacket 8 or an additional jacket.
  • the line is preferably formed in the variant shown in the figure as a single round cable without further elements, such as additional strain relief threads, etc.
  • the signal line shown is laid, for example, together with other lines within a motor vehicle electrical system.
  • the cable 2 described here with the insulating sheath reinforced by the embedded short fibers 10 has several advantages in comparison with the previous such cables without a fiber-reinforced insulation sheath.
  • the copper which is particularly suitable with regard to the electrical properties can be used with its good conductivity.
  • the mechanical function of the tensile strength is in fact transferred from the expensive copper material to the comparatively inexpensive fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the line can be manufactured and processed by the usual methods. Both the extrusion process is easily possible with the fibers. The laying of the cable, the connection of plugs, etc.
  • the diagram shown is the interaction between the insulating jacket 8 and the stranded conductor 4 outlined in terms of the assumption of traction.
  • the applied tensile force is plotted on the vertical axis and the elongation on the horizontal axis.
  • the lower curve shows the force-elongation behavior of an exemplary insulation jacket 8 made of a thermoplastic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with a minimum wall thickness of about 0.2 mm, which surrounds a stranded conductor with a nominal cross-sectional area of about 0.22 mm 2 , so that the total cross-sectional area of the insulation jacket is approximately 0.5 mm 2 .
  • TPE thermoplastic thermoplastic elastomer
  • the middle curve shows the force-strain behavior of an exemplary copper stranded conductor with a nominal cross-section of 0.22 mm 2 .
  • This curve shows the typical stress-strain behavior of copper, whose tensile strength is usually about 230 N / mm 2 .
  • the uppermost curve shows a mathematical superimposition of the two curves for the stranded conductor 4 and for the insulation jacket 8.
  • Typical requirements require that such a line 2 must withstand a tensile force of 70 N. As can be seen from the upper superimposed curve, this is achieved by the interaction of the insulation jacket 8 with the stranded conductor 4 without problems at a relevant expansion range of about 5%. This therefore shows that, due to the special choice of the insulating jacket 8 and its good mechanical properties with regard to the tensile strength, a clear reduction in the cross section of the conductor 4 is achieved from the nominal cross sections of 0.35 mm 2 customary today.
  • the fiber-reinforced material used for the insulation jacket 8 generally shows a maximum in the expansion range ⁇ 15% and - especially at a high fiber content - even at elongation values of well below 10%, a maximum in the stress-strain behavior. Together with a high modulus of elasticity at low strains in the range for example up to 5% elongation, a very good mechanical stress-strain behavior of the insulation jacket 8 is achieved overall.
  • the fiber-reinforced insulation material shows a significantly different characteristic behavior to conventional non-fiber reinforced insulation materials such as PVC, which has a continuous increase in tensile strength up to its elongation at break at about 300% elongation.
  • conventional non-fiber reinforced insulation materials such as PVC
  • each selected fiber-reinforced insulation material and its cross-sectional area can be a traction-absorbing capacity of the insulating jacket 8 set according to the respective requirements and in particular also in dependence of the selected conductor cross-section. For example, assuming a given tensile force of 70 N and the use of a copper stranded conductor with 0.13 mm 2 cross-sectional area, the stranded conductor 4 at the typical copper tensile strength of 230 N / mm 2 only about 29, Take 9 N of traction. The rest must therefore be taken over by the insulation jacket.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
EP10009704.7A 2009-09-16 2010-09-16 Elektrische Leitung Active EP2299453B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10009704T PL2299453T3 (pl) 2009-09-16 2010-09-16 Przewód elektryczny

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009041739A DE102009041739A1 (de) 2009-09-16 2009-09-16 Elektrische Leitung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2299453A2 EP2299453A2 (de) 2011-03-23
EP2299453A3 EP2299453A3 (de) 2012-07-18
EP2299453B1 true EP2299453B1 (de) 2013-11-13

Family

ID=43063389

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10009704.7A Active EP2299453B1 (de) 2009-09-16 2010-09-16 Elektrische Leitung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2299453B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102009041739A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2299453T3 (pl)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015211763A1 (de) 2015-06-24 2016-12-29 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Elektrische Leitung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69819056T2 (de) * 1997-03-20 2004-07-22 Servicios Condumex S.A. De C.V. Ultradünnwandiges Primärkabel für Kraftfahrzeugbetrieb

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1037542B (de) * 1955-03-30 1958-08-28 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Elektrisches Kabel mit einer zugfesten Bewehrung, insbesondere Tiefseekabel oder selbsttragendes Luftkabel
JPH0345637A (ja) * 1989-07-14 1991-02-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd 難燃性電気絶緑組成物
JPH06103828A (ja) * 1992-09-21 1994-04-15 Hitachi Cable Ltd 塩素化ポリエチレンシースケーブル及びその製造方法
EP1191545A1 (de) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-27 Nexans Litzenleiter
DE20309934U1 (de) * 2003-07-02 2003-08-28 Verta Ag St Gallen Schutzvorrichtung für Kabel u.dgl.
BRPI0621687A2 (pt) * 2006-05-22 2011-12-20 Prysmian Spa cabo, processo para a fabricação de um cabo, e, uso de fibrilas

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69819056T2 (de) * 1997-03-20 2004-07-22 Servicios Condumex S.A. De C.V. Ultradünnwandiges Primärkabel für Kraftfahrzeugbetrieb

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015211763A1 (de) 2015-06-24 2016-12-29 Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh Elektrische Leitung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2299453T3 (pl) 2014-04-30
EP2299453A2 (de) 2011-03-23
EP2299453A3 (de) 2012-07-18
DE102009041739A1 (de) 2011-03-24

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