EP2299010B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour traitement de déchets - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour traitement de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2299010B1
EP2299010B1 EP10176995.8A EP10176995A EP2299010B1 EP 2299010 B1 EP2299010 B1 EP 2299010B1 EP 10176995 A EP10176995 A EP 10176995A EP 2299010 B1 EP2299010 B1 EP 2299010B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refuse
processing unit
grinding disk
grinding
processed
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10176995.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2299010A1 (fr
Inventor
Adriano Chiavegato
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PL10176995T priority Critical patent/PL2299010T3/pl
Publication of EP2299010A1 publication Critical patent/EP2299010A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
    • E03C1/26—Object-catching inserts or similar devices for waste pipes or outlets
    • E03C1/266—Arrangement of disintegrating apparatus in waste pipes or outlets; Disintegrating apparatus specially adapted for installation in waste pipes or outlets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a process for the treatment of waste products, be they waste of household, municipal, industrial or other kind.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is applied to differentiate, in a substantially automated manner, the different types of waste treated, for the purpose of recycling the materials.
  • This type of known selective collection implies the separation of waste into its material components, so that these can be removed and disposed in a specific manner, depending on whether they are made up of solid materials, such as paper, plastic, glass, metals, etc., or liquid materials, such as waste water, oils, greases, etc.
  • waste collecting containers have relatively cumbersome dimensions in order to hold a specific amount of waste of the relative type, with accompanying hygiene problems.
  • the collection, transportation and treatment of the waste are more and more complex and burdensome from a point of view of organization and costs for the public administrations, for example, for the management of collecting schedules for the different types of waste.
  • waste cutting-grinding devices mainly domestic, installed downstream of the sink drain to grind the waste or refuse into fine fragments or shreds.
  • EP-A-1.079.033 discloses an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method comprising the following steps according to claim 10: method for processing refuse by a processing unit into which the refuse to be processed is able to be introduced and a collection unit, connected and disposed downstream of said processing unit, in which the processed refuse is able to be collected, wherein the method comprises at least a grinding step, in which the refuse introduced is ground through abrasion, and a separation step in which, by means of at least a tank of said collection unit, connected to said processing unit, the refuse ground through abrasion is separated according to materials by settling, through mechanically or mechanically induced separation by means of sieves or chemical agents.
  • Such known devices perform an efficient grinding only on moist waste, such as fruit scraps, food, vegetable waste and similar matter, but, as they are cutting devices, they cannot efficiently process materials such as plastic, glass, metal or other such waste, or refuse.
  • One objective of the present invention is to realize a waste treatment device and process that makes it possible to effectively sort out the treated waste, simplifying the waste collecting operations, and lowering the costs of both treatment and collection of the recyclable materials obtained from the treatment of the same waste.
  • an apparatus is applied for the treatment of waste materials, be they household, municipal, industrial or other waste, and includes a processing unit being a treatment unit wherein can be suitably inserted the waste materials to be treated, and a collecting unit, connected and arranged downstream of the treatment unit, wherein the treated waste can be suitably collected.
  • the processing unit includes grinding means of disk type, shaped so as to grind by abrasion the waste materials placed into the treatment unit.
  • the collecting unit includes at least a tank connected to the processing unit and formed so that the waste materials ground by abrasion by the grinding means are sorted out therein by gravimetric criteria.
  • the grinding means according to the present invention work by abrasion, they substantially reduce all waste types to dust, thus forming a semiliquid mass, or compound, of waste that is then poured into the collecting unit.
  • the materials that make up the semiliquid mass placed into the tank tend to separate according to a gravimetric criterion, which may be natural, as for example by settling, or through mechanically or chemically induced separation, such as for example by means of sieves, chemical agents of other means.
  • waste collection is also carried out in a simplified and more economical manner compared to the current collecting methods. This is due to the fact that, with the present invention, all the materials settle down with a gravimetric criterion in the tank of the collecting unit and can be collected by means of the typical suction techniques used for emptying wells, tanks or similar reservoirs, even in distinct phases of the same collecting operation.
  • the processing unit includes, in addition, washing means operatively associated with the grinding means and suitable to be operated in a coordinated manner with said grinding means, both to carry out a cleanup of these means and to better guarantee that a semiliquid compound is obtained.
  • the washing means deliver, in addition to water, a given quantity of steam on said grinding means to carry out their sterilization.
  • the processing unit includes a container, inside of which are arranged the grinding means, and in which the waste to be treated is placed.
  • the processing unit includes a guide chute, associated with the grinding disk and having a helical shape, which guide chute is shaped both to convey the waste toward the grinding disk and to keep the waste to be treated in a correct position with respect to the grinding disk, so that the latter are able to carry out an efficient grinding of the same waste by abrasion.
  • the processing unit includes at least one pumping device suitable to convey the mass of semiliquid treated waste toward the collecting unit at a predetermined pressure.
  • the collecting unit can be connected to a drain for grey water to determine the outflow from the tank containing the water separated by gravimetric criterion.
  • sensing means associated with the tank are sensing means suitable to monitor the state of filling of the tank, and if necessary to indicate when it is to be emptied.
  • the semiliquid mass of the treated waste is emptied into a dedicated conduit, of suitable and adequate characteristics, to convey the waste to the treatment centre, located in the territory, for separating and recovering the recyclable materials.
  • an apparatus 10 can be advantageously, but not exclusively, applied in a household context, to treat the waste or refuse from a relative living unit 11 in which it is installed.
  • the apparatus 10 may also be installed in a complex of household units, for example a condominium, as well as a commercial, industrial, office unit, in an urban context or elsewhere, where in any case it is necessary to provide waste disposal, or for the destruction of documents, including solid computer supports such as hard disks, USB keys, mass storage or other devices.
  • a complex of household units for example a condominium, as well as a commercial, industrial, office unit, in an urban context or elsewhere, where in any case it is necessary to provide waste disposal, or for the destruction of documents, including solid computer supports such as hard disks, USB keys, mass storage or other devices.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a waste processing unit 12, advantageously installed in the living unit 11, and a collecting unit 13, advantageously installed outside the living unit 11.
  • the processing unit 12 includes an internally hollow container 15. Mixed waste is introduced into the container 15 through an opening 14 that may be selectively closed again with a lid 16.
  • the processing unit 12 also includes a grinding disk 17, a guide chute 19, a pumping unit 21 and a washing unit 20.
  • the grinding disk 17 is turnably arranged inside the container 15, and is oriented according to a plane substantially transversal to a longitudinal axis of the same container 15.
  • the grinding disk 17 has a diameter that is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the container 15, so as to favour the percolation of the treated waste toward a zone that is lower than the same grinding disk 17.
  • the grinding disk 17 includes an abrasive surface 18 turned toward the opening 14 of the container 15 to carry out an abrasive action on the waste poured into the container 15, and to determine its substantial pulverization or micronization, so as to obtain a semiliquid mass.
  • the abrasive surface 18 has a given surface roughness.
  • the abrasive surface 18 is provided with uniform and randomly distributed projections.
  • These projections may be, for example, made up of fragments, or dust particles, of glass, silica, metal or other materials suitable to perform an abrasion.
  • the guide chute 19 is arranged inside the container 15, in an intermediate position between the opening 14 and the grinding disk 17.
  • the guide chute 19 has a helical shape such as to slidably accompany the waste along the abrasive surface 18 of the grinding disk 17.
  • the same helical shape of the guide chute 19 makes it possible, with its lower surface, to progressively reduce the height of the space available for the waste or refuse between the grinding disk 17 and the guide chute 19 itself.
  • the guide chute 19 is however separated by some decimillimetres from the abrasive surface 18 of the grinding disk 17.
  • the washing unit 20 includes a perforated tubular element 22 removably mounted on the end of the guide chute 19 nearest the grinding disk 17, and a steam generator 23 arranged on the part opposite the guide chute 19 with respect to the grinding disk 17.
  • the perforated tubular element 22 extends in length substantially over the whole radius of the grinding disk 17.
  • the steam generator 23 is hydraulically connected to the perforated tubular element 22, so as to feed the generated steam into said tubular element 22, so that the latter, being perforated, can release the steam onto the abrasive surface 18 of the grinding disk 17.
  • an intermittent pump 24 suitable for feeding a certain quantity of washing water into the perforated tubular element 22.
  • the abrasive surface 18 is kept clean and sterilized, so as to guarantee both the effectiveness of the abrasive action and a longer life of the grinding disk 17, as well as optimum conditions of hygiene by preventing the proliferation of bacteria.
  • the delivery of the steam facilitates to a greater degree the formation of the semiliquid mass of waste after the abrasion with the grinding disk 17.
  • the pumping unit 21 includes a filtering mesh 25 and a pump 26 arranged downstream of the filtering mesh 25.
  • the semiliquid mass of waste is made to pass through the filtering mesh 25, so as to hold back any components having sizes or shapes that are not suitable to be allowed into the pump 26.
  • the filtering mesh 25 can be inspected from outside the container 15, so as to be able to monitor its condition of cleanliness and/or operation, and to carry out any maintenance that may be necessary.
  • the pump 26 is connected on its outflow side to the collecting unit 13 through a pipe 27 that is substantially of known type and is not described in detail herein.
  • the collecting unit 13 comprises a tank 29, which is buried, for example, outside the living unit 11 and wherein the pipe 27 is led to empty the semiliquid mass of treated waste.
  • the tank 29 is shaped so as to favour the settling of the liquid mass, thereby separating the constituent materials by gravimetric criterion.
  • one possible condition of stratification of the materials may produce a layer A, nearest the bottom, made up essentially of solid materials such as, in the order, metals, glass, plastic and other materials; an intermediate layer B, consisting substantially of clarified water; and a surface layer C, consisting of oils, greases, low-density solids, or other materials.
  • the tank 29 can be selectively opened from above to carry out the periodic collection of the materials to be recycled.
  • sensing means are associated with the tank 29, which sensing means are suitable to detect and monitor the level of the contents in the same tank 29, and to signal the necessity to empty it as the case may be.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Appareil de traitement de déchets comprenant une unité de traitement (12) dans laquelle les déchets devant être traités peuvent être introduits et une unité de collecte (13) reliée à l'unité de traitement (12) et située en aval de celle-ci, dans laquelle les déchets traités peuvent être recueillis, l'unité de traitement (12) comprenant des moyens de broyage conformés pour broyer par abrasion les déchets introduits dans l'unité de traitement (12), l'unité de collecte (13) comprenant au moins un réservoir (29) relié à l'unité de traitement (12) et conformé de sorte que les déchets broyés par abrasion par les moyens de broyage soient séparés en fonction des matériaux par sédimentation, par un processus de séparation amorcé par voie mécanique ou chimique au moyen de tamis ou d'agents chimiques,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens de broyage comprennent un disque de broyage (17), et l'unité de traitement (12) comprend une glissière de guidage (19) associée au disque de broyage (17) et ayant la forme d'une hélice pour guider le glissement des déchets le long d'une surface abrasive (18) du disque de broyage (17) et réduire progressivement la hauteur de l'espace disponible pour les déchets entre le disque de broyage et la glissière de guidage, en déterminant ainsi la pulvérisation ou micronisation substantielle des déchets.
  2. Appareil conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le réservoir (29) est conformé pour favoriser la séparation par décantation des matériaux constitutifs des déchets traités.
  3. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le réservoir (29), comprend à sa partie interne des moyens de ciblage mécaniques pour permettre une séparation gravimétrique des matériaux constitutifs des déchets traités.
  4. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on introduit dans le réservoir (29) des agents chimiques susceptibles d'amorcer la séparation avec un critère gravimétrique des matériaux constitutifs des déchets traités.
  5. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité de traitement (12) comprend également des moyens de lavage opérativement associés au disque de broyage (17) et susceptibles d'être commandés en coordination avec ce disque de broyage (17) pour effectuer à la fois un nettoyage de ce disque et également donner une meilleure garantie qu'un composé semi-liquide soit obtenu.
  6. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens de lavage (20) délivrent une quantité déterminée de vapeur sur le disque de broyage (17) de façon à le stériliser.
  7. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité de traitement (12) comprend un réceptacle (15) dans lequel est monté le disque de broyage (17) et dans lequel les déchets à traiter sont introduits.
  8. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité de traitement (12) comprend au moins un élément de pompage (21) susceptible d'introduire sous une pression déterminée, la masse semi-liquide des déchets traités vers l'unité de collecte (13).
  9. Appareil conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité de collecte (13) peut être reliée à une conduite de décharge (30) d'eaux usées de façon à déterminer le flux d'eau séparé par un critère gravimétrique sortant du récipient (29).
  10. Procédé de traitement de déchets par une unité de traitement (12) dans laquelle les déchets devant être traités peuvent être introduits et une unité de collecte (13) reliée à l'unité de traitement (12) et montée en aval de celle-ci, dans laquelle les déchets traités peuvent être collectés, comprenant une étape consistant à guider en les faisant glisser les déchets le long d'une surface abrasive d'un disque de broyage (17), au moins une étape de broyage dans laquelle, au moyen du disque de broyage (17) de l'unité de traitement (12), les déchets introduits sont broyés par abrasion et par réduction progressive de la hauteur de l'espace disponible pour ces déchets entre le disque de broyage (17) et une glissière de guidage (19) en forme d'hélice, et une étape de séparation dans laquelle, au moyen d'au moins un réservoir (29) de l'unité de collecte (13) relié à l'unité de traitement (12), les déchets broyés par abrasion par le disque de broyage (17) sont séparés en fonction des matériaux par sédimentation, par un processus de séparation amorcé par voie mécanique ou chimique au moyen de tamis ou d'agents chimiques.
EP10176995.8A 2009-09-17 2010-09-16 Dispositif et procédé pour traitement de déchets Active EP2299010B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10176995T PL2299010T3 (pl) 2009-09-17 2010-09-16 Urządzenie i sposób do obróbki odpadów

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD2009A000164A IT1398211B1 (it) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Apparecchiatura e procedimento per il trattamento di rifiuti

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2299010A1 EP2299010A1 (fr) 2011-03-23
EP2299010B1 true EP2299010B1 (fr) 2015-11-04

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ID=42077280

Family Applications (1)

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EP10176995.8A Active EP2299010B1 (fr) 2009-09-17 2010-09-16 Dispositif et procédé pour traitement de déchets

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EP (1) EP2299010B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2561627T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1398211B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2299010T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108755858B (zh) * 2018-06-20 2020-11-20 江苏精科嘉益工业技术有限公司 一种节能环保型污水回收装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012680A (en) * 1933-05-22 1935-08-27 John W Hammes Garbage disposal device
US5271571A (en) * 1991-02-19 1993-12-21 Maynard Jr Stuart T Water driven device for agitating and fragmenting debris in a sink drain

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832546A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-04-29 Products Lab Inc Fluid-actuated waste disposal unit
US4761235A (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-08-02 Hazleton Stainless Casting Company Waste collection device for garbage grinder
JP2001058174A (ja) * 1999-08-23 2001-03-06 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 生ごみ処理システム
US6446887B1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2002-09-10 Aegis Bio-Systems, L.L.C. Portable medical waste plant
ITMI20010301A1 (it) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-14 Ecofast Italia S R L Tecnologi Dispositivo trituratore e disidratatore per rifiuti organici
US8002979B2 (en) * 2007-01-10 2011-08-23 Bryan-Brown Michael J Waste disposal system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2012680A (en) * 1933-05-22 1935-08-27 John W Hammes Garbage disposal device
US5271571A (en) * 1991-02-19 1993-12-21 Maynard Jr Stuart T Water driven device for agitating and fragmenting debris in a sink drain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITUD20090164A1 (it) 2011-03-18
IT1398211B1 (it) 2013-02-14
EP2299010A1 (fr) 2011-03-23
ES2561627T3 (es) 2016-02-29
PL2299010T3 (pl) 2016-06-30

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