EP2295859A2 - Waste incineration plant with introduction of cooling gas - Google Patents
Waste incineration plant with introduction of cooling gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2295859A2 EP2295859A2 EP10170412A EP10170412A EP2295859A2 EP 2295859 A2 EP2295859 A2 EP 2295859A2 EP 10170412 A EP10170412 A EP 10170412A EP 10170412 A EP10170412 A EP 10170412A EP 2295859 A2 EP2295859 A2 EP 2295859A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- waste incineration
- incineration plant
- cooling gas
- openings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air into the fire bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
- F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/09001—Cooling flue gas before returning them to flame or combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07002—Injecting inert gas, other than steam or evaporated water, into the combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07003—Controlling the inert gas supply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waste incineration plant comprising a furnace having a grate on which the waste being incinerated is transported from the waste inlet to the ash outlet.
- the side walls extending along said grate comprises a wear zone in the form of a fluid-cooled panel positioned immediately adjacent to the grate and the upper wall zone above said wear zone is provided in the form of refractories.
- the side wall section of a waste incineration plant furnace shown in Fig. 1 comprises a fluid-cooled panel 5 positioned immediately adjacent the grate 2.
- Said fluid-cooled panel 5 is composed of a number of mainly horisontal tubes 10 for circulating the cooling fluid, said mainly horisontal tubes 10 being mutually connected by fins 9 in order to provide a solid wall in the wear zone.
- a number of openings 7 are provided through the fluid-cooled panel 5 at positions between the tubes 10, i.e. in the fins 9 mutually connecting the tubes 10, whereby cooling gas can be introduced through these openings 7.
- a plenum 11 is provided for delivering cooling gas to the openings 7.
- the cooling fluid circulated in the fluid-cooled panel 5 is preferably boiler water.
- separate plenums 11 may be provided for separate sections in the mainly horisontal direction of the fluid-cooled panel 5, whereby individual adaptation of the supply of cooling gas can be provided.
- the openings 7 in the fins between the tubes in the fluid-cooled panel 5 are provided in a mainly vertical part of said fluid-cooled panel 5 and an upper oblique part 8 of the fluid-cooled panel 5 above said openings 7 extends towards the refractories 6 of the upper wall zone 6 above the wear zone 5.
- the openings 7 may naturally be provided either as circular openings or slits or any other geometrical form of opening. In order to ease the production, it is preferred that the openings 7 are provided in the form of circular holes.
- the openings 7 are positioned in the vertical part of the fluid-cooled panel 5 and the number of cooling tubes 10 above said openings 7 is preferably more than three.
- a flow measuring device may be provided, possibly in the form of several such measuring devices, one for each of the separate plenums 11 for delivery of the cooling gas. Furthermore, it will naturally be convenient to provide some form of control of the amount of cooling gas delivered to each of said plenums 11, said controlling possibly being provided in dependency of suitably measured parameters, such as measured temperatures in different positions inside the furnace 2, amount of waste incinerated in the plant, etc.
- the cooling gas may be supplied from the air blower for secondary air, whereby the cooling gas is atmospheric air and thus being supplied via said openings 7 instead of or supplementary to secondary air supply via secondary air nozzles.
- the supply of secondary air via secondary air nozzles is well-known from the prior art of waste incineration plants.
- cooling gas can be to use re-circulated flue gas taken out, e.g. immediately in front of the stack, or elsewhere in the incineration plant flue gas processing system, where the flue gas has a suitable low temperature for the cooling purpose of the cooling gas.
- the use of re-circulated flue gas reduces or eliminates the risk of increasing the burning and thus the temperature by the introduction of cooling gas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a waste incineration plant comprising a furnace having a grate on which the waste being incinerated is transported from the waste inlet to the ash outlet.
- The side walls extending along said grate comprises a wear zone in the form of a fluid-cooled panel positioned immediately adjacent to the grate and the upper wall zone above said wear zone is provided in the form of refractories.
- In incineration plants of this kind it is known to provide such a wear zone in the form of fluid-cooled panels positioned immediately adjacent to the grate, said wear zone panel being placed mainly horizontally along the grate and comprising a flexible sealing between the wear zone panel and the vertical furnace wall extending above said wear zone panel. Furthermore, said upper wall zone has been protected against excessive temperatures by having perforated wall tiles in said upper wall zone at positions subjected to the most intensive combustion zone on the grate and cooling air being supplied through said perforated wall tiles. However, these perforated wall tiles experience a tendency to clogging and cracking leading to necessary early replacement of said tiles.
- It is the object of the present invention to provide a waste incineration plant of the kind referred to above, in which it is possible to protect the refractories of the upper wall zone from excessive temperatures without the above-mentioned problems with clogging and early wear of the perforated tiles, and this object is achieved with a waste incineration plant of said kind, which according to the present invention also comprises the feature that the fluid-cooled panel is provided with openings, through which cooling gas is introduced for reducing the thermal strain on the upper wall zone. With this arrangement the cooling gas is introduced through openings in the fluid-cooled panel and moved together with the burning gases along the side wall upwards, thereby cooling the upper wall zone and providing a buffer between the flames above the incinerated waste and said upper wall zone.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are indicated in the subordinate claims, and the advantages provided by these preferred embodiments will be evident by reading the following detailed description of the invention.
- In the following detailed part of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments of a waste incineration plant according to the invention shown in the drawings, in which
-
Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a fluid-cooled panel provided with openings for cooling gas in accordance with the present invention, -
Fig. 2 schematically shows the position of a plenum for supply of cooling gas to the openings in the fluid-cooled panel, and -
Fig. 3 schematically shows a waste incineration plant furnace. - The side wall section of a waste incineration plant furnace shown in
Fig. 1 comprises a fluid-cooledpanel 5 positioned immediately adjacent thegrate 2. Said fluid-cooledpanel 5 is composed of a number of mainlyhorisontal tubes 10 for circulating the cooling fluid, said mainlyhorisontal tubes 10 being mutually connected by fins 9 in order to provide a solid wall in the wear zone. A number ofopenings 7 are provided through the fluid-cooledpanel 5 at positions between thetubes 10, i.e. in the fins 9 mutually connecting thetubes 10, whereby cooling gas can be introduced through theseopenings 7. On the side of the fluid-cooledpanel 5 opposite the furnace chamber, a plenum 11 is provided for delivering cooling gas to theopenings 7. - The cooling fluid circulated in the fluid-cooled
panel 5 is preferably boiler water. - As can be seen in
Fig. 2 , separate plenums 11 may be provided for separate sections in the mainly horisontal direction of the fluid-cooledpanel 5, whereby individual adaptation of the supply of cooling gas can be provided. As can been seen inFig. 1 , theopenings 7 in the fins between the tubes in the fluid-cooledpanel 5 are provided in a mainly vertical part of said fluid-cooledpanel 5 and an upper oblique part 8 of the fluid-cooledpanel 5 above saidopenings 7 extends towards the refractories 6 of the upper wall zone 6 above thewear zone 5. By this construction, a possible fluid slag is prevented from running down the fluid-cooledpanel 5 to clog theopenings 7 therein. Theopenings 7 may naturally be provided either as circular openings or slits or any other geometrical form of opening. In order to ease the production, it is preferred that theopenings 7 are provided in the form of circular holes. - In order to secure the above-mentioned avoidance of blocking of the
openings 7 by liquid slag, theopenings 7 are positioned in the vertical part of the fluid-cooledpanel 5 and the number ofcooling tubes 10 above saidopenings 7 is preferably more than three. - In order to be able to control the flow of cooling gas through the openings 7 a flow measuring device may be provided, possibly in the form of several such measuring devices, one for each of the separate plenums 11 for delivery of the cooling gas. Furthermore, it will naturally be convenient to provide some form of control of the amount of cooling gas delivered to each of said plenums 11, said controlling possibly being provided in dependency of suitably measured parameters, such as measured temperatures in different positions inside the
furnace 2, amount of waste incinerated in the plant, etc. - The cooling gas may be supplied from the air blower for secondary air, whereby the cooling gas is atmospheric air and thus being supplied via said
openings 7 instead of or supplementary to secondary air supply via secondary air nozzles. The supply of secondary air via secondary air nozzles is well-known from the prior art of waste incineration plants. - Another possibility for the supply of cooling gas can be to use re-circulated flue gas taken out, e.g. immediately in front of the stack, or elsewhere in the incineration plant flue gas processing system, where the flue gas has a suitable low temperature for the cooling purpose of the cooling gas. The use of re-circulated flue gas reduces or eliminates the risk of increasing the burning and thus the temperature by the introduction of cooling gas.
- Above the invention has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment thereof and many alternatives may be envisaged by a man skilled in the art without deviation from the boundaries set out in the subsequent claims.
Claims (9)
- Waste incineration plant comprising a furnace (1) having
a grate (2) on which the waste being incinerated is transported from the waste inlet (3) to the ash outlet (4),
side walls extending along said grate, said side walls comprising a wear zone in the form of a fluid-cooled panel (5) positioned immediately adjacent the grate (2), and
an upper wall zone (6) above said wear zone, said upper wall zone being provided in the form of refractories (6),
characterized by
said fluid-cooled panel (5) being provided with openings (7) through which cooling gas is introduced for reducing the thermal strain on the upper wall zone (6). - Waste incineration plant in accordance with claim 1, characterized by said openings (7) in said fluid-cooled panel (5) being provided in a mainly vertical part of said fluid-cooled panel (5).
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by said fluid-cooled panel having an upper oblique part (8) positioned closest to the upper wall zone (6).
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by said openings (7) being provided in the form of slits or circular holes in fins (9) mutually connecting tubes (10) for circulating the fluid for cooling the wear zone panel (5).
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one, preferably more than three, cooling tubes (10) positioned in the fluid-cooled panel above said openings (7).
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising a flow measurement device measuring the flow of cooling gas introduced through said openings (7) and a control system controlling the flow of cooling gas dependent on suitably measured parameters, such as measured temperatures in different positions inside the furnace (1), amount of waste incinerated in the plant, etc.
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by the delivery of cooling gas to said openings (7) being split up in delivery via several plenums (11) for individual control of cooling gas supply to different sections along the grate (2).
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterized by said cooling gas being supplied from a secondary air blower.
- Waste incineration plant in accordance with any of the claims 1-6, characterized by said cooling gas being supplied in the form of recirculated flue gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA200900916A DK176970B1 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Waste incineration plant with introduction of cooling gas |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2295859A2 true EP2295859A2 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
EP2295859A3 EP2295859A3 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
EP2295859B1 EP2295859B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
Family
ID=42542713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10170412.0A Active EP2295859B1 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2010-07-22 | Waste incineration plant with introduction of cooling gas |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2295859B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK176970B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3395655A (en) * | 1966-08-29 | 1968-08-06 | Detroit Stoker Co | Incinerator construction |
DE3301783A1 (en) * | 1983-01-20 | 1984-07-26 | Wärmetechnik Dr. Pauli GmbH & Co Betriebs KG, 8035 Gauting | Sidewall plates |
DE19706077A1 (en) * | 1997-02-17 | 1998-08-20 | Loesche Gmbh | Hot gas generator with burner for dust fuels |
US6220190B1 (en) * | 1999-01-15 | 2001-04-24 | George David Dumbaugh | Water-cooled oscillating grate system |
-
2009
- 2009-08-07 DK DKPA200900916A patent/DK176970B1/en active
-
2010
- 2010-07-22 EP EP10170412.0A patent/EP2295859B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK176970B1 (en) | 2010-08-09 |
EP2295859B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
EP2295859A3 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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